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创世记 47
Chinese Contemporary Bible (Simplified)

雅各全家定居埃及

47 约瑟来到法老面前，对他说：“我父亲和我的弟兄们已经带着他们的羊群、牛群和所有的一切从迦南来了，现在就在歌珊。” 2 约瑟从弟兄中带了五个人去见法老。 3 法老问他们：“你们做什么工作？”他们回答说：“仆人们祖祖辈辈都是牧羊的。 4 迦南的饥荒很严重，羊群没有草吃，所以我们到这里来寄居，求你准许仆人们住在歌珊。” 5 法老对约瑟说：“你父亲和弟兄们都来了， 6 整个埃及就在你面前，尽管安排他们住在国中最好的地方。他们可以住在歌珊。如果你知道他们中间有能干的人，可以派他们看管我的牲畜。”

7 约瑟又带父亲雅各去见法老，雅各就为法老祝福。 8 法老问雅各：“你多大岁数了？” 9 雅各回答说：“我在世上寄居一百三十年了，我的日子又苦又短，不像我祖先那样高寿。” 10 雅各为法老祝福后，就告退了。 11 约瑟遵照法老之命把埃及最好的地方——兰塞境内的土地给他父亲和弟兄们居住，作他们的产业。 12 约瑟按各家人口提供粮食给父亲、弟兄及其他家人。

饥荒

13 饥荒很严重，到处都缺粮，埃及和迦南都饱受饥荒之苦。 14 约瑟把埃及人和迦南人向他买粮的银子收集起来，存放在法老的库房里。 15 埃及人和迦南人的银子都用光了，埃及人就来见约瑟，对他说：“我们的钱财都用光了，求你给我们粮食，免得我们饿死在你面前。” 16 约瑟说：“你们的钱财如果用尽了，可以用你们的牲畜来交换粮食。” 17 于是，他们把牲畜赶到约瑟那里，用他们的牛、羊、驴和马跟约瑟换粮食。那一年，他们就依靠换来的粮食生活。

18 到了第二年，他们又来见约瑟，对他说：“不瞒我主，我们的钱都用光了，牲畜也给你了，除了我们自己和田地以外，我们一无所有。 19 求你不要让我们人死地荒。我们愿意用自己和我们的田地来换粮食，我们和我们的田地都归法老。求你给我们种子，我们好活下去，不致饿死，土地也不致荒废。”

20 埃及人为饥荒所迫，纷纷卖掉自己的田地。约瑟替法老收购了埃及全国的田地，最后，所有的田地都归法老了。 21 约瑟使埃及全境的人都成为法老的奴仆。 22 约瑟唯独没有买祭司的田地，因为祭司吃法老的俸禄，有足够的供给，不用卖地。 23 约瑟对百姓说：“我为法老买了你们和你们的土地，这里有种子，你们可以拿去耕种。 24 但是你们要把收成的五分之一给法老，其余的，你们可以留下来作种子和全家人的口粮。” 25 他们说：“你救了我们的命，求你恩待我们，让我们做法老的奴仆吧。” 26 于是，约瑟立下一条法令，到今天还有效，就是埃及出产的五分之一归给法老。只有祭司的田地不归法老。

27 以色列人住在埃及的歌珊，在那里获得了产业，人口兴旺。 28 雅各在埃及住了十七年，他一共活了一百四十七岁。

29 他快要离世的时候，把儿子约瑟叫来，说：“你如果恩待我，请你把手放在我大腿底下起誓，你会以慈爱和信实待我，不把我葬在埃及。 30 我与祖先同眠后，你要把我带出埃及安葬在我祖先的身边。”约瑟说：“我必照你说的做。” 31 雅各要约瑟起誓，约瑟照做了。于是，以色列在床头[a]敬拜上帝。

Footnotes

  1. 47:31 “在床头”或译“拄着拐杖”。
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Sáng Thế 47
Bản Dịch 2011

Gia-cốp Triều Kiến Pha-ra-ôn

47 Vậy Giô-sép đến tâu với Pha-ra-ôn, “Cha của hạ thần và anh em của hạ thần, cùng các bầy súc vật, và tất cả những gì họ có, đã từ xứ Ca-na-an đến, và bây giờ họ đang tạm trú trong vùng Gô-sen.” 2 Giô-sép chọn năm người trong các anh em ông và dẫn họ đến triều kiến Pha-ra-ôn.

3 Pha-ra-ôn hỏi họ, “Các ngươi làm nghề gì?”

Họ tâu với Pha-ra-ôn, “Các tôi tớ ngài làm nghề chăn nuôi, giống như các tổ phụ chúng tôi.” 4 Họ xin với Pha-ra-ôn, “Chúng tôi đến đây xin được kiều ngụ trong nước của ngài, vì trong xứ Ca-na-an không còn đồng cỏ cho các đàn súc vật của chúng tôi dùng nữa, bởi nạn đói đang hoành hành tại đó quá khốc liệt. Kính xin ngài cho chúng tôi được định cư trong miền Gô-sen.”

5 Pha-ra-ôn nói với Giô-sép, “Bây giờ cha ngươi và anh em ngươi đã đến với ngươi. 6 Xứ Ai-cập đang ở trước mặt ngươi, hãy cho cha ngươi và các anh em ngươi định cư ở vùng nào tốt nhất trong nước. Hãy cho họ định cư tại Gô-sen, và nếu ngươi biết ai trong vòng họ giỏi nghề chăn nuôi, hãy đặt họ trông coi việc chăn nuôi các đàn súc vật của ta nữa.”

7 Kế đến Giô-sép đưa Gia-cốp cha ông vào ra mắt Pha-ra-ôn. Gia-cốp chúc phước cho Pha-ra-ôn. 8 Pha-ra-ôn hỏi Gia-cốp, “Bây giờ cụ đã hưởng thọ bao nhiêu tuổi?”

9 Gia-cốp đáp với Pha-ra-ôn, “Cuộc đời phiêu bạt của tôi trên đất đến nay đã được một trăm ba mươi năm. Nhưng đời tôi chỉ là những năm ngắn ngủi và nhọc nhằn, thật không thể sánh với những cuộc đời phiêu bạt nhưng trường thọ của các tổ phụ tôi.” 10 Ðoạn Gia-cốp chúc phước cho Pha-ra-ôn một lần nữa, rồi lui ra khỏi mặt Pha-ra-ôn.

11 Giô-sép bố trí để cha ông và các anh em ông được định cư. Ông ban cho họ quyền làm chủ bất động sản trong đất Ai-cập. Ông ban cho họ miền tốt nhất trong nước, tức trong miền Ram-se, như Pha-ra-ôn đã bảo. 12 Giô-sép cung cấp thực phẩm cho cha ông, các anh em ông, và mọi người trong nhà cha ông, tùy theo số người trong mỗi gia đình.

Nạn Ðói tại Ai-cập

13 Bấy giờ trong cả xứ Ai-cập không còn thực phẩm nữa, vì nạn đói quá tàn khốc. Xứ Ai-cập và xứ Ca-na-an đều bị nạn đói làm kiệt quệ. 14 Giô-sép thâu hết tiền bạc trong xứ Ai-cập và xứ Ca-na-an bằng cách bán lúa cho người ta; rồi Giô-sép đem tất cả tiền đó chứa vào kho Pha-ra-ôn. 15 Khi tiền bạc trong xứ Ai-cập và xứ Ca-na-an đã hết sạch, tất cả người Ai-cập đến nói với Giô-sép, “Xin ban cho chúng tôi thực phẩm! Nỡ nào ngài nhìn thấy chúng tôi phải chết đói trước mắt ngài sao? Vì chúng tôi đã hết sạch tiền bạc rồi.”

16 Giô-sép nói với họ, “Nếu quý vị đã hết tiền thì hãy mang các bầy súc vật của quý vị đến đổi lấy lương thực.” 17 Vậy họ mang các bầy súc vật đến Giô-sép, và Giô-sép ban cho họ lương thực để đổi lấy ngựa, các bầy chiên, các bầy bò, và lừa. Năm đó ông cung cấp lương thực cho họ để đổi lấy những đàn súc vật.

18 Khi năm ấy đã qua, năm sau họ lại đến với ông và nói, “Thưa chúa, chúng tôi không giấu gì ngài, tất cả tiền bạc chúng tôi đã hết sạch, các đàn súc vật của chúng tôi cũng đã thuộc về ngài. Bây giờ chúng tôi chẳng còn gì nữa trước mặt ngài, ngoại trừ bản thân chúng tôi và ruộng đất chúng tôi. 19 Lẽ nào ngài nỡ nhìn thấy chúng tôi và ruộng đất chúng tôi phải chết trước mắt ngài sao? Xin hãy mua chúng tôi và ruộng đất chúng tôi. Chúng tôi và ruộng đất chúng tôi sẽ làm nô lệ cho Pha-ra-ôn; chỉ cầu xin ngài cho chúng tôi hạt giống để chúng tôi sống mà khỏi phải chết, và ruộng đất chúng tôi không trở thành hoang vu.”

20 Vậy Giô-sép mua ruộng đất của cả xứ Ai-cập cho Pha-ra-ôn. Mọi người Ai-cập đều bán ruộng đất của mình cho Pha-ra-ôn, vì nạn đói đến với họ quá tàn khốc. Thế là cả xứ đều thuộc về Pha-ra-ôn. 21 Ông biến toàn dân thành nô lệ của Pha-ra-ôn,[a] từ đầu nầy đến đầu kia của nước Ai-cập. 22 Chỉ ruộng đất của các tư tế thì ông không mua, vì các tư tế được nhận phụ cấp từ Pha-ra-ôn, và sống nhờ số phụ cấp Pha-ra-ôn ban; vì thế họ không phải bán ruộng đất của họ.

23 Giô-sép nói với dân, “Ngày nay tôi đã mua quý vị và ruộng đất của quý vị cho Pha-ra-ôn. Ðây là hạt giống để quý vị gieo trồng trong ruộng đất. 24 Ðến mùa gặt hái, quý vị phải nộp một phần năm hoa lợi cho Pha-ra-ôn, bốn phần năm còn lại quý vị hãy giữ lấy, để làm giống cho ruộng đất, làm lương thực cho quý vị và gia đình quý vị, tức làm lương thực để nuôi các con thơ của quý vị.”

25 Họ đáp, “Chúa đã cứu mạng chúng tôi. Chúng tôi mong chúa vui lòng cho chúng tôi được làm nô lệ của Pha-ra-ôn.” 26 Vậy Giô-sép lập một đạo luật về ruộng đất cho Ai-cập, và đạo luật ấy vẫn còn hiệu lực đến ngày nay; đó là Pha-ra-ôn sẽ thu thuế một phần năm lợi tức trên các hoa lợi của ruộng đất, ngoại trừ ruộng đất của các tư tế là không thuộc về Pha-ra-ôn.

Gia-cốp Trăng Trối

27 Vậy I-sơ-ra-ên định cư trong nước Ai-cập, trong miền Gô-sen. Con cháu ông mua đất đai cho mình. Họ sinh sôi nảy nở rất nhiều. 28 Gia-cốp sống tại Ai-cập mười bảy năm. Vậy Gia-cốp hưởng thọ một trăm bốn mươi bảy tuổi. 29 Khi ngày qua đời của I-sơ-ra-ên hầu gần, ông gọi Giô-sép con trai ông đến và nói, “Nếu cha được ơn trước mặt con, hãy đặt tay con dưới đùi cha và hứa sẽ đối với cha cách trung thành và chân thật: Ðừng chôn cha ở Ai-cập. 30 Khi cha nằm xuống với tổ tiên cha, xin con mang thi hài của cha ra khỏi Ai-cập và chôn cha chung trong nghĩa địa với các tổ tiên cha.”

Giô-sép đáp, “Con sẽ làm theo lời cha dặn.”

31 Ông cụ nói, “Con hãy thề với cha đi.” Ông thề với cha ông. I-sơ-ra-ên bèn sụp xuống thờ phượng nơi đầu giường mình.

Footnotes

  1. Sáng Thế 47:21 Dịch theo bản Samaritan Pentateuch và bản LXX; nt: Ông đưa dân chúngï vào cư ngụ trong các thành phố.
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Genesis 47
New International Version

47 Joseph went and told Pharaoh, “My father and brothers, with their flocks and herds and everything they own, have come from the land of Canaan(A) and are now in Goshen.”(B) 2 He chose five of his brothers and presented them(C) before Pharaoh.

3 Pharaoh asked the brothers, “What is your occupation?”(D)

“Your servants(E) are shepherds,(F)” they replied to Pharaoh, “just as our fathers were.” 4 They also said to him, “We have come to live here for a while,(G) because the famine is severe in Canaan(H) and your servants’ flocks have no pasture.(I) So now, please let your servants settle in Goshen.”(J)

5 Pharaoh said to Joseph, “Your father and your brothers have come to you, 6 and the land of Egypt is before you; settle(K) your father and your brothers in the best part of the land.(L) Let them live in Goshen. And if you know of any among them with special ability,(M) put them in charge of my own livestock.(N)”

7 Then Joseph brought his father Jacob in and presented him(O) before Pharaoh. After Jacob blessed[a] Pharaoh,(P) 8 Pharaoh asked him, “How old are you?”

9 And Jacob said to Pharaoh, “The years of my pilgrimage are a hundred and thirty.(Q) My years have been few and difficult,(R) and they do not equal the years of the pilgrimage of my fathers.(S)” 10 Then Jacob blessed[b] Pharaoh(T) and went out from his presence.

11 So Joseph settled his father and his brothers in Egypt and gave them property in the best part of the land,(U) the district of Rameses,(V) as Pharaoh directed. 12 Joseph also provided his father and his brothers and all his father’s household with food, according to the number of their children.(W)

Joseph and the Famine

13 There was no food, however, in the whole region because the famine was severe; both Egypt and Canaan wasted away because of the famine.(X) 14 Joseph collected all the money that was to be found in Egypt and Canaan in payment for the grain they were buying,(Y) and he brought it to Pharaoh’s palace.(Z) 15 When the money of the people of Egypt and Canaan was gone,(AA) all Egypt came to Joseph(AB) and said, “Give us food. Why should we die before your eyes?(AC) Our money is all gone.”

16 “Then bring your livestock,(AD)” said Joseph. “I will sell you food in exchange for your livestock, since your money is gone.(AE)” 17 So they brought their livestock to Joseph, and he gave them food in exchange for their horses,(AF) their sheep and goats, their cattle and donkeys.(AG) And he brought them through that year with food in exchange for all their livestock.

18 When that year was over, they came to him the following year and said, “We cannot hide from our lord the fact that since our money is gone(AH) and our livestock belongs to you,(AI) there is nothing left for our lord except our bodies and our land. 19 Why should we perish before your eyes(AJ)—we and our land as well? Buy us and our land in exchange for food,(AK) and we with our land will be in bondage to Pharaoh.(AL) Give us seed so that we may live and not die,(AM) and that the land may not become desolate.”

20 So Joseph bought all the land in Egypt for Pharaoh. The Egyptians, one and all, sold their fields, because the famine was too severe(AN) for them. The land became Pharaoh’s, 21 and Joseph reduced the people to servitude,[c](AO) from one end of Egypt to the other. 22 However, he did not buy the land of the priests,(AP) because they received a regular allotment from Pharaoh and had food enough from the allotment(AQ) Pharaoh gave them. That is why they did not sell their land.

23 Joseph said to the people, “Now that I have bought you and your land today for Pharaoh, here is seed(AR) for you so you can plant the ground.(AS) 24 But when the crop comes in, give a fifth(AT) of it to Pharaoh. The other four-fifths you may keep as seed for the fields and as food for yourselves and your households and your children.”

25 “You have saved our lives,” they said. “May we find favor in the eyes of our lord;(AU) we will be in bondage to Pharaoh.”(AV)

26 So Joseph established it as a law concerning land in Egypt—still in force today—that a fifth(AW) of the produce belongs to Pharaoh. It was only the land of the priests that did not become Pharaoh’s.(AX)

27 Now the Israelites settled in Egypt in the region of Goshen.(AY) They acquired property there(AZ) and were fruitful and increased greatly in number.(BA)

28 Jacob lived in Egypt(BB) seventeen years, and the years of his life were a hundred and forty-seven.(BC) 29 When the time drew near for Israel(BD) to die,(BE) he called for his son Joseph and said to him, “If I have found favor in your eyes,(BF) put your hand under my thigh(BG) and promise that you will show me kindness(BH) and faithfulness.(BI) Do not bury me in Egypt, 30 but when I rest with my fathers,(BJ) carry me out of Egypt and bury me where they are buried.”(BK)

“I will do as you say,” he said.

31 “Swear to me,”(BL) he said. Then Joseph swore to him,(BM) and Israel(BN) worshiped as he leaned on the top of his staff.[d](BO)

Footnotes

  1. Genesis 47:7 Or greeted
  2. Genesis 47:10 Or said farewell to
  3. Genesis 47:21 Samaritan Pentateuch and Septuagint (see also Vulgate); Masoretic Text and he moved the people into the cities
  4. Genesis 47:31 Or Israel bowed down at the head of his bed
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Genesis 47
New English Translation

Joseph’s Wise Administration

47 Joseph went and told Pharaoh, “My father, my brothers, their flocks and herds, and all that they own have arrived from the land of Canaan. They are now[a] in the land of Goshen.” 2 He took five of his brothers and introduced them to Pharaoh.[b]

3 Pharaoh said to Joseph’s[c] brothers, “What is your occupation?” They said to Pharaoh, “Your servants take care of flocks, just as our ancestors did.”[d] 4 Then they said to Pharaoh, “We have come to live as temporary residents[e] in the land. There is no[f] pasture for your servants’ flocks because the famine is severe in the land of Canaan. So now, please let your servants live in the land of Goshen.”

5 Pharaoh said to Joseph, “Your father and your brothers have come to you. 6 The land of Egypt is before you; settle your father and your brothers in the best region of the land. They may live in the land of Goshen. If you know of any highly capable men[g] among them, put them in charge[h] of my livestock.”

7 Then Joseph brought in his father Jacob and presented him[i] before Pharaoh. Jacob blessed[j] Pharaoh. 8 Pharaoh said to Jacob, “How long have you lived?”[k] 9 Jacob said to Pharaoh, “All[l] the years of my travels[m] are 130. All[n] the years of my life have been few and painful;[o] the years of my travels are not as long as those of my ancestors.”[p] 10 Then Jacob blessed Pharaoh and went out from his presence.[q]

11 So Joseph settled his father and his brothers. He gave them territory[r] in the land of Egypt, in the best region of the land, the land of Rameses,[s] just as Pharaoh had commanded. 12 Joseph also provided food for his father, his brothers, and all his father’s household, according to the number of their little children.

13 But there was no food in all the land because the famine was very severe; the land of Egypt and the land of Canaan wasted away[t] because of the famine. 14 Joseph collected all the money that could be found in the land of Egypt and in the land of Canaan as payment[u] for the grain they were buying. Then Joseph brought the money into Pharaoh’s palace.[v] 15 When the money from the lands of Egypt and Canaan was used up, all the Egyptians[w] came to Joseph and said, “Give us food! Why should we die[x] before your very eyes because our money has run out?”

16 Then Joseph said, “If your money is gone, bring your livestock, and I will give you food[y] in exchange for[z] your livestock.” 17 So they brought their livestock to Joseph, and Joseph gave them food in exchange for their horses, the livestock of their flocks and herds, and their donkeys.[aa] He got them through that year by giving them food in exchange for all their livestock.

18 When that year was over, they came to him the next year and said to him, “We cannot hide from our[ab] lord that the money is used up and the livestock and the animals belong to our lord. Nothing remains before our lord except our bodies and our land. 19 Why should we die before your very eyes, both we and our land? Buy us and our land in exchange for food, and we, with our land, will become[ac] Pharaoh’s slaves.[ad] Give us seed that we may live[ae] and not die. Then the land will not become desolate.”[af]

20 So Joseph bought all the land of Egypt for Pharaoh. Each[ag] of the Egyptians sold his field, for the famine was severe.[ah] So the land became Pharaoh’s. 21 Joseph[ai] made all the people slaves[aj] from one end of Egypt’s border to the other end of it. 22 But he did not purchase the land of the priests because the priests had an allotment from Pharaoh and they ate from their allotment that Pharaoh gave them. That is why they did not sell their land.

23 Joseph said to the people, “Since I have bought you and your land today for Pharaoh, here is seed for you. Cultivate[ak] the land. 24 When the crop comes in, give[al] one-fifth of it to Pharaoh. The remaining four-fifths will be yours for seed for the fields and for you to eat, including those in your households and your little children.” 25 They replied, “You have saved our lives! You are showing us favor,[am] and we will be Pharaoh’s slaves.”[an]

26 So Joseph made it a statute,[ao] which is in effect[ap] to this day throughout the land of Egypt: One-fifth belongs to Pharaoh. Only the land of the priests did not become Pharaoh’s.

27 Israel settled in the land of Egypt, in the land of Goshen, and they owned land there. They were fruitful and increased rapidly in number.

28 Jacob lived in the land of Egypt seventeen years; the years[aq] of Jacob’s life were 147 in all. 29 The time[ar] for Israel to die approached, so he called for his son Joseph and said to him, “If now I have found favor in your sight, put your hand under my thigh[as] and show me kindness and faithfulness.[at] Do not bury me in Egypt, 30 but when I rest[au] with my fathers, carry me out of Egypt and bury me in their burial place.” Joseph[av] said, “I will do as you say.”

31 Jacob[aw] said, “Swear to me that you will do so.”[ax] So Joseph[ay] gave him his word.[az] Then Israel bowed down[ba] at the head of his bed.[bb]

Footnotes

  1. Genesis 47:1 tn Heb “Look they [are] in the land of Goshen.” Joseph draws attention to the fact of their presence in Goshen.
  2. Genesis 47:2 tn Heb “and from the whole of his brothers he took five men and presented them before Pharaoh.”
  3. Genesis 47:3 tn Heb “his”; the referent (Joseph) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  4. Genesis 47:3 tn Heb “both we and our fathers.”
  5. Genesis 47:4 tn Heb “to sojourn.”
  6. Genesis 47:4 tn Heb “for there is no.” The Hebrew uses a causal particle to connect what follows with what precedes. The translation divides the statement into two sentences for stylistic reasons.
  7. Genesis 47:6 tn Heb “men of skill.”
  8. Genesis 47:6 tn Heb “make them rulers.”sn Put them in charge of my livestock. Pharaoh is, in effect, offering Joseph’s brothers jobs as royal keepers of livestock, a position mentioned often in Egyptian inscriptions, because the Pharaohs owned huge herds of cattle.
  9. Genesis 47:7 tn Heb “caused him to stand.”
  10. Genesis 47:7 sn The precise meaning of the Hebrew verb translated “blessed” is difficult in this passage, because the content of Jacob’s blessing is not given. The expression could simply mean that he greeted Pharaoh, but that seems insufficient in this setting. Jacob probably praised Pharaoh, for the verb is used this way for praising God. It is also possible that he pronounced a formal prayer of blessing, asking God to reward Pharaoh for his kindness.
  11. Genesis 47:8 tn Heb “How many are the days of the years of your life?”
  12. Genesis 47:9 tn Heb “the days of.”
  13. Genesis 47:9 tn Heb “sojournings.” Jacob uses a term that depicts him as one who has lived an unsettled life, temporarily residing in many different places.
  14. Genesis 47:9 tn Heb “the days of.”
  15. Genesis 47:9 tn The Hebrew word רַע (raʿ) can sometimes mean “evil,” but that would give the wrong connotation here, where it refers to pain, difficulty, and sorrow. Jacob is thinking back through all the troubles he had to endure to get to this point.
  16. Genesis 47:9 tn Heb “and they have not reached the days of the years of my fathers in the days of their sojournings.”
  17. Genesis 47:10 tn Heb “from before Pharaoh.”
  18. Genesis 47:11 tn Heb “a possession,” or “a holding.” Joseph gave them a plot of land with rights of ownership in the land of Goshen.
  19. Genesis 47:11 sn The land of Rameses is another designation for the region of Goshen. It is named Rameses because of a city in that region (Exod 1:11; 12:37). The use of this name may represent a modernization of the text for the understanding of the intended readers, substituting a later name for an earlier one. Alternatively, there may have been an earlier Rameses for which the region was named.
  20. Genesis 47:13 tn The verb לַהַה (lahah, = לָאָה, laʾah) means “to faint, to languish”; it figuratively describes the land as wasting away, drooping, being worn out.
  21. Genesis 47:14 tn Or “in exchange.” On the use of the preposition here see BDB 90 s.v. בְּ.
  22. Genesis 47:14 tn Heb “house.”
  23. Genesis 47:15 tn Heb “all Egypt.” The expression is a metonymy and refers to all the people of Egypt.
  24. Genesis 47:15 tn The imperfect verbal form has a deliberative force here.
  25. Genesis 47:16 tn The word “food” has been supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.
  26. Genesis 47:16 tn On the use of the preposition here see BDB 90 s.v. בְּ.
  27. Genesis 47:17 tn The definite article is translated here as a possessive pronoun.
  28. Genesis 47:18 tn Heb “my.” The expression “my lord” occurs twice more in this verse.
  29. Genesis 47:19 tn After the imperative, the prefixed verbal form with vav here indicates consequence.
  30. Genesis 47:19 sn Pharaoh’s slaves. The idea of slavery is not attractive to the modern mind, but in the ancient world it was the primary way of dealing with the poor and destitute. If the people became slaves of Pharaoh, it was Pharaoh’s responsibility to feed them and care for them. It was the best way for them to survive the famine.
  31. Genesis 47:19 tn After the imperative, the prefixed verbal form with vav here indicates purpose or result.
  32. Genesis 47:19 tn The disjunctive clause structure (vav plus subject plus negated verb) highlights the statement and brings their argument to a conclusion.
  33. Genesis 47:20 tn The Hebrew text connects this clause with the preceding one with a causal particle (כִּי, ki). The translation divides the clauses into two sentences for stylistic reasons.
  34. Genesis 47:20 tn The Hebrew text adds “upon them.” This has not been included in the translation for stylistic reasons.
  35. Genesis 47:21 tn Heb “and he”; the referent (Joseph) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  36. Genesis 47:21 tc The MT reads “and the people he removed to the cities,” which does not make a lot of sense in this context. Smr and the LXX read “he enslaved them as slaves.”
  37. Genesis 47:23 tn The perfect verbal form with the vav consecutive is equivalent to a command here.
  38. Genesis 47:24 tn The perfect form with the vav (ו) consecutive is equivalent to an imperfect of instruction here.
  39. Genesis 47:25 tn Heb “we find favor in the eyes of my lord.” Some interpret this as a request, “may we find favor in the eyes of my lord.”
  40. Genesis 47:25 sn Slaves. See the note on this word in v. 21.
  41. Genesis 47:26 tn On the term translated “statute” see P. Victor, “A Note on Hoq in the Old Testament,” VT 16 (1966): 358-61.
  42. Genesis 47:26 tn The words “which is in effect” have been supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.
  43. Genesis 47:28 tn Heb “the days of the years.”
  44. Genesis 47:29 tn Heb “days.”
  45. Genesis 47:29 sn On the expression put your hand under my thigh see Gen 24:2.
  46. Genesis 47:29 tn Or “deal with me in faithful love.”
  47. Genesis 47:30 tn Heb “lie down.” Here the expression “lie down” refers to death.
  48. Genesis 47:30 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Joseph) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  49. Genesis 47:31 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Jacob) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  50. Genesis 47:31 tn Heb “swear on oath to me.” The words “that you will do so” have been supplied in the translation for clarity.
  51. Genesis 47:31 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Joseph) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  52. Genesis 47:31 tn Heb “swore on oath to him.”
  53. Genesis 47:31 sn The Hebrew verb normally means “bow down,” especially in worship or prayer. Here it might simply mean “bend low,” perhaps from weakness or approaching death. The narrative is ambiguous at this point and remains open to all these interpretations.
  54. Genesis 47:31 tc The MT reads מִטָּה (mittah, “bed, couch”). The LXX reads the word as מַטֶּה (matteh, “staff, rod”) and interprets this to mean that Jacob bowed down in worship while leaning on the top of his staff. The LXX reading was used in turn by the writer of the Letter to the Hebrews (Heb 11:21).
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