列王纪下 23
Chinese Contemporary Bible (Simplified)
约西亚的改革
23 于是,王召集犹大和耶路撒冷的所有长老, 2 与祭司、先知、犹大人、耶路撒冷的居民等全体民众,不论贵贱,一同上到耶和华的殿。王把在殿中发现的约书念给他们听。 3 王站在柱旁,在耶和华面前立约,要全心全意地跟随耶和华,遵从祂的一切诫命、法度和律例,履行约书上的规定。民众都答应守约。
4 王吩咐大祭司希勒迦及其副手和殿门守卫清除耶和华殿里用来祭拜巴力、亚舍拉及天上万象的一切器具,将其搬到耶路撒冷城外汲沦溪旁的田野烧掉,又把灰烬带到伯特利。 5 从前,犹大各王任命祭司在犹大各城和耶路撒冷周围的丘坛烧香。现在,约西亚除掉那些祭司,又除掉向巴力、日、月、星辰及天上万象烧香的祭司。 6 他将亚舍拉神像从耶和华的殿里搬到耶路撒冷城外汲沦溪旁烧掉,磨成灰撒在平民的坟墓上。 7 他又拆毁耶和华的殿内男庙妓的房屋,就是妇女为亚舍拉编织帐幔的地方。 8 他召集犹大各城中的祭司,污渎从迦巴到别示巴的各丘坛,那些祭司曾在那里烧香。他拆毁耶路撒冷城门左边、约书亚总督门前的丘坛。 9 但在丘坛烧香的祭司不能在耶路撒冷耶和华的祭坛那里事奉,只可以和其他祭司一起吃无酵饼。 10 他污渎欣嫩子谷中的陀斐特,使人们不能焚烧自己的儿女献给摩洛。 11 他从耶和华的殿门口除掉犹大各王献给太阳神的马匹,这些马匹在太监拿单·米勒房子旁边的院子里。他烧掉了那些献给太阳神的战车。 12 他推倒犹大各王在亚哈斯楼顶上建造的祭坛,摧毁玛拿西在耶和华殿的两个院子里所筑的祭坛,把它们打碎,把灰丢进汲沦溪。 13 他污渎耶路撒冷东面、败坏山南面的丘坛。这些丘坛都是以色列王所罗门为西顿人可憎的神明亚斯她录、摩押人可憎的神明基抹和亚扪人可憎的神明米勒公建造的。 14 他砸碎神柱,砍倒亚舍拉神像,用死人骨头填满那些地方。
15 他拆掉伯特利高岗上的祭坛,即尼八的儿子耶罗波安诱使以色列人犯罪时建造的祭坛,把祭坛烧毁,捣碎成灰,又焚烧亚舍拉神像。 16 约西亚转身看见山上的坟墓,就派人取出墓中的尸骨,放在那祭坛上焚烧,污渎了那祭坛,应验了耶和华借祂的仆人所说的预言。 17 约西亚问:“我看到的那墓碑是谁的?”那城里的人告诉他:“是上帝仆人的,他曾从犹大来预言你对伯特利祭坛所做的这些事。” 18 他说:“不要动他,不要动他的尸骨。”于是,他们没有动那位先知和撒玛利亚来的先知的尸骨。 19 他拆毁以色列各王从前建在撒玛利亚各城高岗上、惹耶和华发怒的丘坛,就像他在伯特利所做的一样。 20 他在祭坛上杀死那些丘坛的祭司,又在坛上焚烧死人骨头。之后,他返回耶路撒冷。
约西亚守逾越节
21 约西亚王吩咐民众:“你们应当依照约书的记载庆祝逾越节,以尊崇你们的上帝耶和华。” 22-23 约西亚执政第十八年,他们在耶路撒冷庆祝逾越节,以尊崇耶和华。自士师治理以色列起,至以色列和犹大列王统治期间,都没有这样庆祝过逾越节。
24 为了遵守祭司希勒迦在耶和华殿里找到的律法书上的话,约西亚彻底清除了耶路撒冷和犹大境内的灵媒、巫师、家庭神像及其他一切可憎之物。 25 约西亚全心、全意、全力归向耶和华,遵行摩西的一切律法,在犹大列王中空前绝后。
26 然而,玛拿西所行的一切惹怒耶和华,耶和华对犹大仍盛怒未息。 27 耶和华说:“我要像驱逐以色列人一样将犹大人从我面前赶走。我要撇弃我所拣选的耶路撒冷和我名常在的殿。”
28 约西亚其他的事及作为都记在犹大的列王史上。 29 约西亚执政期间,埃及王尼哥前往幼发拉底河援助亚述王,约西亚出兵迎战尼哥,在米吉多被杀。 30 他的臣仆用车把他的尸体从米吉多运回耶路撒冷,安葬在他的墓穴里。民众膏立他儿子约哈斯做王。
约哈斯做犹大王
31 约哈斯二十三岁登基,在耶路撒冷执政三个月。他母亲叫哈慕她,是立拿人耶利米的女儿。 32 约哈斯像他祖先一样做耶和华视为恶的事。 33 埃及王尼哥把约哈斯囚禁在哈马的利比拉,不准他在耶路撒冷做王,又罚犹大国三点四吨银子和三十四公斤金子。
约雅敬做犹大王
34 埃及王尼哥立约西亚的另一个儿子以利亚敬为王,给他改名为约雅敬。约哈斯被尼哥带到埃及,并死在那里。 35 为了缴纳法老索要的金银,约雅敬向全国征税,按照民众家产的多少征收金银。 36 约雅敬二十五岁登基,在耶路撒冷执政十一年。他母亲叫西布妲,是鲁玛人毗大雅的女儿。 37 他像他祖先一样做耶和华视为恶的事。
2 Rois 23
La Bible du Semeur
Le renouvellement de l’alliance avec l’Eternel(A)
23 Le roi Josias fit convoquer auprès de lui tous les responsables de Juda et de Jérusalem. 2 Puis il monta au temple de l’Eternel accompagné de toute la population de Juda et de tous les habitants de Jérusalem, des prêtres, des prophètes et de tous les gens du peuple, quelle que fût leur condition sociale. Devant tous, il lut tout ce qui était écrit dans le livre de l’alliance que l’on avait retrouvé dans le temple de l’Eternel. 3 Le roi se tenait sur une estrade. Il conclut devant l’Eternel une alliance par laquelle il s’engagea à être fidèle à l’Eternel et à obéir à ses commandements, à ses lois et à ses ordonnances, de tout son cœur et de tout son être, et à respecter toutes les clauses de l’alliance figurant dans ce livre. De son côté, tout le peuple adhéra à cette alliance.
La réforme en Juda(B)
4 Ensuite le roi ordonna au grand-prêtre Hilqiya, aux prêtres adjoints et aux prêtres qui surveillaient l’entrée du Temple de jeter hors du sanctuaire de l’Eternel tous les objets qu’on avait fabriqués pour le culte de Baal, d’Ashéra et des astres du ciel. Ils furent brûlés à l’extérieur de Jérusalem, dans les champs de la vallée du Cédron, et l’on transporta leur cendre à Béthel[a]. 5 Le roi destitua les prêtres idolâtres institués par les rois de Juda pour brûler l’encens sur les hauts lieux dans les villes de Juda et près de Jérusalem. Il destitua aussi ceux qui offraient des parfums à Baal, au soleil, à la lune, aux étoiles et à tous les astres. 6 Il fit ôter du temple de l’Eternel le pieu sacré de la déesse Ashéra[b] et on le fit transporter hors de Jérusalem dans la vallée du Cédron, où on le brûla et le réduisit en cendres que l’on jeta dans la fosse commune. 7 Le roi fit démolir les maisons des prostitués sacrés qui se trouvaient dans le temple de l’Eternel, et où les femmes tissaient des robes pour Ashéra. 8 Il fit venir tous les prêtres des villes de Juda. Il profana les hauts lieux depuis Guéba jusqu’à Beer-Sheva[c] où les prêtres brûlaient des parfums. Il fit aussi démolir les sanctuaires construits près des portes des villes, en particulier celui qui se trouvait à l’entrée de la porte de Josué, le gouverneur de la ville, et qui était sur la gauche en entrant par la porte de la ville. 9 On ne permit pas aux prêtres des hauts lieux d’officier à l’autel de l’Eternel à Jérusalem, ils furent seulement autorisés à manger du pain sans levain avec les autres prêtres.
10 Le roi profana aussi le brûloir de Topheth qui se trouvait dans la vallée de Ben-Hinnom, pour que personne ne brûle plus son fils ou sa fille pour l’offrir en sacrifice à Molok. 11 Il fit disparaître de l’entrée du temple de l’Eternel les chevaux que les rois de Juda avaient dédiés au culte du soleil et qui se trouvaient près de la salle du chambellan Netân-Mélek, situé dans les annexes ; il fit aussi brûler les chars du soleil. 12 Le roi fit abattre les autels qui se trouvaient sur la terrasse des appartements d’Ahaz et que les rois de Juda avaient érigés, ainsi que ceux que Manassé avait bâtis dans les deux parvis du temple de l’Eternel. Après les avoir mis en pièces, il les enleva de là et en fit disperser les débris dans la vallée du Cédron. 13 Il profana également les sanctuaires des hauts lieux situés en face de Jérusalem, à droite de la montagne de la Destruction[d], et qui avaient été érigés par Salomon, roi d’Israël, en l’honneur d’Astarté, l’abominable idole des Sidoniens, de Kemosh, l’abominable dieu des Moabites et de Milkom, l’abominable divinité des Ammonites. Il les profana tous. 14 Josias brisa les stèles, renversa les pieux sacrés d’Ashéra et remplit d’ossements humains les emplacements sacrés qu’ils occupaient.
La réforme en Israël
15 Il fit de même à Béthel[e], où il détruisit l’autel qui se trouvait dans le haut lieu construit par Jéroboam, fils de Nebath, le roi qui avait entraîné le peuple d’Israël dans le péché. Il détruisit cet autel et le haut lieu, brûla le pieu sacré d’Ashéra et incendia le haut lieu pour le réduire en cendres. 16 A cette occasion, regardant autour de lui, Josias vit les tombes qui se trouvaient là sur la montagne, alors il fit exhumer les ossements des tombes et les brûla sur l’autel pour le profaner ; il accomplit ainsi la parole de l’Eternel que l’homme de Dieu avait proclamée et qui annonçait ces événements. 17 Puis il demanda : Quel est ce monument que je vois là ?
Les gens de la ville lui répondirent : C’est la tombe de l’homme de Dieu qui était venu de Juda et qui a annoncé que se produirait ce que tu viens de faire à l’autel de Béthel.
18 – Alors, laissez-le, dit le roi. Que personne ne touche à ses ossements.
On respecta donc les ossements de ce prophète ainsi que ceux du prophète qui était venu de Samarie[f].
19 Josias démolit aussi tous les bâtiments des hauts lieux qui avaient été construits par les rois d’Israël dans les villes de la Samarie et qui avaient irrité l’Eternel. Il agit à leur égard exactement comme il l’avait fait à Béthel. 20 Il fit exécuter tous les prêtres des hauts lieux qui se trouvaient là en les immolant sur leurs propres autels, puis il y brûla des ossements humains. Ensuite, il retourna à Jérusalem.
La célébration de la Pâque(C)
21 Là-dessus, le roi ordonna à tout le peuple : Célébrez la Pâque en l’honneur de l’Eternel votre Dieu, comme cela est prescrit dans ce livre de l’alliance[g].
22 De fait, aucune Pâque pareille à celle-ci n’avait été célébrée depuis l’époque où les chefs gouvernaient Israël et durant toute la période des rois d’Israël et des rois de Juda. 23 Ce fut seulement la dix-huitième année[h] du règne de Josias que l’on célébra cette Pâque en l’honneur de l’Eternel à Jérusalem.
La réforme n’empêchera pas la destruction de Jérusalem
24 Josias fit aussi disparaître du pays de Juda et de Jérusalem ceux qui évoquaient les esprits des morts et ceux qui prédisaient l’avenir[i], il fit détruire les statuettes sacrées, les idoles et tous les autres objets de culte païens, pour faire respecter les articles de la Loi contenus dans le livre que le prêtre Hilqiya avait retrouvé dans le temple de l’Eternel. 25 Aucun roi avant Josias ne revint comme lui à l’Eternel de tout son cœur, de tout son être et de toutes ses forces, en observant toute la Loi de Moïse ; et après lui, il n’en a point paru de semblable.
26 Néanmoins, l’Eternel n’abandonna pas la grande et ardente colère dans laquelle il était entré contre Juda, à cause des nombreux crimes par lesquels Manassé l’avait irrité. 27 C’est pourquoi il décida : Je chasserai aussi Juda loin de moi, comme j’ai chassé Israël, et je rejetterai cette ville, Jérusalem, que j’avais choisie, ainsi que le temple où j’avais promis d’établir ma présence[j].
La fin de Josias(D)
28 Les autres faits et gestes de Josias et toutes ses réalisations sont cités dans le livre des Annales des rois de Juda.
29 Sous son règne, le pharaon Néko, roi d’Egypte[k], alla rejoindre le roi d’Assyrie près de l’Euphrate. Le roi Josias essaya de lui barrer la route, mais dans l’affrontement, le pharaon le tua à Meguiddo[l]. 30 Ses officiers mirent son corps sur un char, le ramenèrent de Meguiddo à Jérusalem et l’enterrèrent dans son tombeau. Le peuple du pays prit Yoahaz, fils de Josias, et l’établit roi par l’onction pour succéder à son père sur le trône.
Le règne de Yoahaz sur Juda(E)
31 Yoahaz avait vingt-trois ans à son avènement et il régna trois mois à Jérusalem[m]. Sa mère s’appelait Hamoutal, elle était fille de Jérémie de Libna. 32 Il fit ce que l’Eternel considère comme mal, tout comme ses ancêtres. 33 Le pharaon Néko le fit prisonnier et l’enchaîna à Ribla[n] dans le pays de Hamath, mettant ainsi fin à son règne à Jérusalem. Il imposa au pays un tribut de trois mille quatre cents kilos d’argent et trente-quatre kilos d’or. 34 Le pharaon Néko établit Elyaqim, fils de Josias, comme roi à la place de son père. Il changea son nom en celui de Yehoyaqim. Quant à Yoahaz, il fut emmené en Egypte[o]. C’est là qu’il mourut.
35 Yehoyaqim versa au pharaon l’or et l’argent exigés. Pour être en mesure de le faire, il fit estimer les ressources de chaque habitant du pays et leva un impôt calculé suivant la fortune de chacun.
Le règne de Yehoyaqim sur Juda(F)
36 Yehoyaqim avait vingt-cinq ans à son avènement, et il régna onze ans à Jérusalem[p]. Sa mère s’appelait Zeboudda, elle était fille de Pedaya de Rouma. 37 Il fit ce que l’Eternel considère comme mal, tout comme ses ancêtres[q].
Footnotes
- 23.4 Lieu d’un ancien sanctuaire (Gn 28.19) où les rois d’Israël avaient installé le centre de leur culte idolâtre (1 R 12.25-29).
- 23.6 Ce pieu sacré détruit par Ezéchias (18.4) fut rétabli par Manassé (21.7). A la fin de sa vie, il s’en défit sans doute (2 Ch 33.15), mais son fils Amôn a dû le réinstaller (2 R 21.21 ; 2 Ch 33.22).
- 23.8 C’est-à-dire de l’extrême nord (à 10 kilomètres de Jérusalem) à l’extrême sud (à 70 kilomètres au sud-ouest) du royaume de Juda.
- 23.13 Désignation de l’extrémité sud du mont des Oliviers à cause du culte idolâtre qui y avait été pratiqué. Voir 1 R 11.7.
- 23.15 Voir v. 4 et note.
- 23.18 Voir 1 R 13.29-31.
- 23.21 Voir Dt 16.1-8.
- 23.23 En 622 av. J.-C.
- 23.24 Voir Lv 19.26-31 ; 2 R 21.6. Ces pratiques occultes étaient liées aux cultes païens.
- 23.27 Voir 1 R 8.29.
- 23.29 le pharaon Néko, roi d’Egypte: il a régné de 610 à 595 av. J.-C. Il s’était mis en campagne pour aller prêter main-forte aux Assyriens en guerre contre les Babyloniens.
- 23.29 Josias a tenté d’arrêter Néko au défilé de Meguiddo par souci de garantir l’indépendance du pays (2 Ch 35.20-24).
- 23.31 En 609 av. J.-C. Plus jeune qu’Elyaqim (v. 34 ; voir 1 Ch 3.15), Yoahaz a dû être préféré à son frère à cause des tendances pro-égyptiennes de celui-ci. Voir Jr 22.11-12.
- 23.33 Petit village syrien sur l’Oronte où Néko avait établi son quartier général (comme Nabuchodonosor le fera plus tard : 25.6, 20).
- 23.34 Voir Jr 22.10-12.
- 23.36 609 à 598 av. J.-C.
- 23.37 Pour les v. 36-37, voir Jr 22.18-19 ; 26.1-6.
2 Kings 23
King James Version
23 And the king sent, and they gathered unto him all the elders of Judah and of Jerusalem.
2 And the king went up into the house of the Lord, and all the men of Judah and all the inhabitants of Jerusalem with him, and the priests, and the prophets, and all the people, both small and great: and he read in their ears all the words of the book of the covenant which was found in the house of the Lord.
3 And the king stood by a pillar, and made a covenant before the Lord, to walk after the Lord, and to keep his commandments and his testimonies and his statutes with all their heart and all their soul, to perform the words of this covenant that were written in this book. And all the people stood to the covenant.
4 And the king commanded Hilkiah the high priest, and the priests of the second order, and the keepers of the door, to bring forth out of the temple of the Lord all the vessels that were made for Baal, and for the grove, and for all the host of heaven: and he burned them without Jerusalem in the fields of Kidron, and carried the ashes of them unto Bethel.
5 And he put down the idolatrous priests, whom the kings of Judah had ordained to burn incense in the high places in the cities of Judah, and in the places round about Jerusalem; them also that burned incense unto Baal, to the sun, and to the moon, and to the planets, and to all the host of heaven.
6 And he brought out the grove from the house of the Lord, without Jerusalem, unto the brook Kidron, and burned it at the brook Kidron, and stamped it small to powder, and cast the powder thereof upon the graves of the children of the people.
7 And he brake down the houses of the sodomites, that were by the house of the Lord, where the women wove hangings for the grove.
8 And he brought all the priests out of the cities of Judah, and defiled the high places where the priests had burned incense, from Geba to Beersheba, and brake down the high places of the gates that were in the entering in of the gate of Joshua the governor of the city, which were on a man's left hand at the gate of the city.
9 Nevertheless the priests of the high places came not up to the altar of the Lord in Jerusalem, but they did eat of the unleavened bread among their brethren.
10 And he defiled Topheth, which is in the valley of the children of Hinnom, that no man might make his son or his daughter to pass through the fire to Molech.
11 And he took away the horses that the kings of Judah had given to the sun, at the entering in of the house of the Lord, by the chamber of Nathanmelech the chamberlain, which was in the suburbs, and burned the chariots of the sun with fire.
12 And the altars that were on the top of the upper chamber of Ahaz, which the kings of Judah had made, and the altars which Manasseh had made in the two courts of the house of the Lord, did the king beat down, and brake them down from thence, and cast the dust of them into the brook Kidron.
13 And the high places that were before Jerusalem, which were on the right hand of the mount of corruption, which Solomon the king of Israel had builded for Ashtoreth the abomination of the Zidonians, and for Chemosh the abomination of the Moabites, and for Milcom the abomination of the children of Ammon, did the king defile.
14 And he brake in pieces the images, and cut down the groves, and filled their places with the bones of men.
15 Moreover the altar that was at Bethel, and the high place which Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who made Israel to sin, had made, both that altar and the high place he brake down, and burned the high place, and stamped it small to powder, and burned the grove.
16 And as Josiah turned himself, he spied the sepulchres that were there in the mount, and sent, and took the bones out of the sepulchres, and burned them upon the altar, and polluted it, according to the word of the Lord which the man of God proclaimed, who proclaimed these words.
17 Then he said, What title is that that I see? And the men of the city told him, It is the sepulchre of the man of God, which came from Judah, and proclaimed these things that thou hast done against the altar of Bethel.
18 And he said, Let him alone; let no man move his bones. So they let his bones alone, with the bones of the prophet that came out of Samaria.
19 And all the houses also of the high places that were in the cities of Samaria, which the kings of Israel had made to provoke the Lord to anger, Josiah took away, and did to them according to all the acts that he had done in Bethel.
20 And he slew all the priests of the high places that were there upon the altars, and burned men's bones upon them, and returned to Jerusalem.
21 And the king commanded all the people, saying, Keep the passover unto the Lord your God, as it is written in the book of this covenant.
22 Surely there was not holden such a passover from the days of the judges that judged Israel, nor in all the days of the kings of Israel, nor of the kings of Judah;
23 But in the eighteenth year of king Josiah, wherein this passover was holden to the Lord in Jerusalem.
24 Moreover the workers with familiar spirits, and the wizards, and the images, and the idols, and all the abominations that were spied in the land of Judah and in Jerusalem, did Josiah put away, that he might perform the words of the law which were written in the book that Hilkiah the priest found in the house of the Lord.
25 And like unto him was there no king before him, that turned to the Lord with all his heart, and with all his soul, and with all his might, according to all the law of Moses; neither after him arose there any like him.
26 Notwithstanding the Lord turned not from the fierceness of his great wrath, wherewith his anger was kindled against Judah, because of all the provocations that Manasseh had provoked him withal.
27 And the Lord said, I will remove Judah also out of my sight, as I have removed Israel, and will cast off this city Jerusalem which I have chosen, and the house of which I said, My name shall be there.
28 Now the rest of the acts of Josiah, and all that he did, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Judah?
29 In his days Pharaohnechoh king of Egypt went up against the king of Assyria to the river Euphrates: and king Josiah went against him; and he slew him at Megiddo, when he had seen him.
30 And his servants carried him in a chariot dead from Megiddo, and brought him to Jerusalem, and buried him in his own sepulchre. And the people of the land took Jehoahaz the son of Josiah, and anointed him, and made him king in his father's stead.
31 Jehoahaz was twenty and three years old when he began to reign; and he reigned three months in Jerusalem. And his mother's name was Hamutal, the daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah.
32 And he did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord, according to all that his fathers had done.
33 And Pharaohnechoh put him in bands at Riblah in the land of Hamath, that he might not reign in Jerusalem; and put the land to a tribute of an hundred talents of silver, and a talent of gold.
34 And Pharaohnechoh made Eliakim the son of Josiah king in the room of Josiah his father, and turned his name to Jehoiakim, and took Jehoahaz away: and he came to Egypt, and died there.
35 And Jehoiakim gave the silver and the gold to Pharaoh; but he taxed the land to give the money according to the commandment of Pharaoh: he exacted the silver and the gold of the people of the land, of every one according to his taxation, to give it unto Pharaohnechoh.
36 Jehoiakim was twenty and five years old when he began to reign; and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem. And his mother's name was Zebudah, the daughter of Pedaiah of Rumah.
37 And he did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord, according to all that his fathers had done.
2 Kings 23
Amplified Bible
Josiah’s Covenant
23 King Josiah sent word and they brought to him all the elders of Judah and of Jerusalem. 2 The king went up to the house of the Lord, and with him all the men of Judah and all the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the priests, the prophets, and all the people, both small and great; and he read in their hearing all the words of the book of the covenant which was found in the house (temple) of the Lord. 3 The king stood by the pillar and made a covenant before the Lord, to walk after the Lord and to keep His commandments, His testimonies, and His statutes with all his heart and soul, to confirm the words of this covenant that were written in this book. And all the people entered into the covenant.
Reforms under Josiah
4 Then the king commanded Hilkiah the high priest and the priests of the second rank and the doorkeepers to bring out of the temple of the Lord all the articles made for Baal, for [the goddess] Asherah, and for all the [starry] host of heaven; and he burned them outside Jerusalem in the fields of the Kidron, and carried their ashes to Bethel [where Israel’s idolatry began].(A) 5 He got rid of the idolatrous priests whom the kings of Judah had ordained to burn incense [to pagan gods] in the high places in Judah’s cities and all around Jerusalem—also those who burned incense to Baal, to the sun, to the moon, to the constellations [of the zodiac], and to all the [starry] host of heaven. 6 Josiah brought out the Asherah from the house of the Lord to the Brook Kidron outside Jerusalem, and burned it there, and ground it to dust, and threw its dust on the graves of the common people [who had sacrificed to it]. 7 And he tore down the houses of the [male] cult prostitutes, which were at the house (temple) of the Lord, where the women were weaving [tent] hangings for the Asherah [shrines]. 8 Then Josiah brought all the [idolatrous] priests from the cities of Judah, and desecrated the high places where the priests had burned incense [to idols], from Geba to Beersheba, [that is, north to south]; and he tore down the high places of the gates which were at the entrance of the gate of Joshua the governor of the city, which were on one’s left at the city gate. 9 However, the priests of the high places were not allowed to go up to the altar of the Lord in Jerusalem [to serve], but they ate unleavened bread among their brothers. 10 Josiah also defiled Topheth, which is in the Valley of Ben-hinnom (son of Hinnom), so that no man could make his son or his daughter pass through the fire [as a burnt offering] for Molech.(B) 11 And he got rid of the horses that the kings of Judah had given [in worship] to the sun at the entrance of the house of the Lord, by the chamber of Nathan-melech the official, which was in the annex; and he burned the chariots of the sun. 12 The altars [dedicated to the starry host of heaven] which were on the roof, the upper chamber of Ahaz, which the kings of Judah had made, and the altars which Manasseh had made in the two courtyards of the house of the Lord, the king tore down; and he smashed them there and threw their dust into the Brook Kidron. 13 The king desecrated the high places which were opposite [east of] Jerusalem, which were on the right (south) of the mount of corruption which Solomon the king of Israel had built for Ashtoreth the repulsiveness of the Sidonians, for Chemosh the repulsiveness of Moab, and for Milcom the repulsiveness of the sons (descendants) of Ammon. 14 He broke in pieces the sacred pillars (cultic memorial stones, images) and cut down the Asherim and replaced them with human bones [to desecrate the places forever].
15 Further, the altar that was at Bethel, the high place which Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who made Israel sin, had made, even that altar and the high place he tore down. Then he demolished its stones, ground them to dust, and burned the Asherah. 16 And as Josiah turned, he saw the graves that were there on the mountain, and he sent men and had the bones taken from the graves, and burned them on the altar and [thereby] desecrated it, in accordance with the word of the Lord which the man of God prophesied, who proclaimed these things [about this altar, naming Josiah before he was born].(C) 17 Then Josiah said, “What is this monument (gravestone) that I see?” The men of the city told him, “It is the grave of the man of God who came from Judah and proclaimed these things which you have done to the altar of Bethel.” 18 He said, “Let him alone; let no one disturb his bones.” So they left his bones undisturbed, with the bones of the prophet who came from Samaria.(D) 19 Josiah also removed all the houses of the high places which were in the cities of Samaria, which the kings of Israel had made provoking the Lord [to anger]; and he did to them just as he had done [to those] in Bethel. 20 All the priests of the high places who were there he slaughtered on the altars, and burned human bones on them [to desecrate the places forever]. Then he returned to Jerusalem.
Passover Reinstituted
21 Then the king commanded all the people, saying, “Celebrate the Passover to the Lord your God as it is written in this book of the covenant.” 22 Indeed, such a Passover as this had not been held since the days of the judges who judged Israel, nor in all the days of the kings of Israel and the kings of Judah. 23 But in the eighteenth year of King Josiah, this Passover to the Lord was kept in Jerusalem.
24 Moreover, Josiah removed the mediums and the soothsayers and the teraphim (household gods) and the idols and all the repulsive things that were seen in Judah and in Jerusalem, so that he might fulfill the words of the law written in the book which Hilkiah the priest found in the house (temple) of the Lord. 25 Before him there was no king like Josiah who turned to the Lord with all his heart and all his soul and all his might, in accordance with all the Law of Moses; nor did anyone like him arise after him.
26 However, the Lord did not turn from the fierceness of His great wrath which was kindled against Judah because of all the [a]despicable acts with which Manasseh had provoked Him. 27 The Lord said, “I will also remove Judah from My sight, just as I have removed Israel; and will reject this city which I have chosen, this Jerusalem, and the house, of which I said, ‘My Name [and the pledge of My Presence] shall be there.’”
Jehoahaz Succeeds Josiah
28 Now the rest of the acts of Josiah, everything that he did, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Judah? 29 In his days Pharaoh Neco (Necho) king of Egypt went up to the king of Assyria to the river Euphrates [to help him fight Nabopolassar the king of Babylon]. King Josiah went out to meet him, but Pharaoh killed Josiah at Megiddo when he saw him. 30 Josiah’s servants carried his dead body in a chariot from Megiddo, brought him to Jerusalem, and buried him in his own tomb. Then the people of the land took Jehoahaz the son of Josiah and anointed him and made him king in his father’s place.
31 Jehoahaz was twenty-three years old when he became king, and he reigned for [only] three months in Jerusalem. His mother’s name was Hamutal daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah. 32 He did evil in the sight of the Lord, in accordance with everything that his forefathers had done. 33 Pharaoh Neco imprisoned him at Riblah in the land of Hamath, so that he would not reign in Jerusalem, and imposed a fine on the land of a hundred talents of silver and a talent of gold.
Jehoiakim Made King by Pharaoh
34 Pharaoh Neco made Eliakim the son of Josiah king in place of his father Josiah, and changed his name to Jehoiakim. But he took Jehoahaz and brought him to Egypt, where he died. 35 Jehoiakim gave the silver and the gold to Pharaoh, but he taxed the land to give the money as Pharaoh commanded. He collected the silver and gold from the people of the land, from everyone according to his assessment, to give it to Pharaoh Neco.
36 Jehoiakim was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned for eleven years in Jerusalem. His mother’s name was Zebidah daughter of Pedaiah of Rumah. 37 He did evil in the sight of the Lord, in accordance with everything that his forefathers had done.
Footnotes
- 2 Kings 23:26 Lit provocations.
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