出埃及 21
Chinese Contemporary Bible (Simplified)
如何对待奴仆
21 “你要向百姓颁布下列法令。 2 你若买一个希伯来人当奴仆，他必须服侍你六年，到第七年便可以获得自由，不用支付任何赎金。 3 倘若买他的时候，他是单身，那么期满的时候，他可以单身离开。如果他跟妻子一同被买，就可以带妻子一起离开。 4 倘若主人给他娶了妻，妻子生了儿女，那么期满的时候，他只能单独离开，他的妻儿要归主人。 5 倘若奴仆说，‘我爱我的主人和我的妻子儿女，我不愿意离开他们做自由人。’ 6 主人就要带他到审判官面前，让他靠着门或门框，用锥子为他穿耳洞。这样，他就要永远服侍主人。 7 倘若有人把女儿卖为奴婢，她不可像男仆那样离开。 8 倘若买她的主人本想把她留在身边，后来却不喜欢她，就应当让她赎身。主人无权把她转卖给外族人，因为是主人对她不守信用。 9 倘若是买来给自己的儿子，就要把她当作自己的女儿一般看待。 10 倘若有人娶了奴婢为妻，后来又另娶，他还是要照常供给她饭食和衣服，并履行同房的义务。 11 倘若主人不履行以上的三个条件，奴婢就可以随时离开，不用缴付任何赎金。
如何处理人身伤害
12 “打人致死的，必须被处死。 13 倘若不是故意杀人，而是上帝许可那人死在他手里，他就可以逃往我指定的地方。 14 倘若是蓄意杀人，就算他逃到我的祭坛那里，也要把他拉出来处死。 15 殴打父母的，必须被处死。 16 绑架他人贩卖或自用的，必须被处死。 17 咒骂父母的，必须被处死。 18 倘若斗殴时一方用拳头或石块致另一方受伤、躺卧在床，但不至于死， 19 日后能起床扶着拐杖走路，伤人者便不算有罪，但要赔偿受伤者停工期间的损失，并要负责医好他。
20 “倘若有人用棍子打他的仆婢，导致他们当场死亡，他必须受惩罚。 21 倘若伤者过了一两天才死去，主人就可免刑，因为死者是他的财产。 22 倘若有人彼此斗殴，伤了孕妇，导致早产，但未造成其他伤害，伤人者要按她丈夫所要求的金额，经审判官判定以后，如数赔偿。 23 倘若孕妇身体其他部位也受了伤，伤人者就要以命偿命， 24 以眼还眼，以牙还牙，以手还手，以脚还脚， 25 以烧伤还烧伤，以创伤还创伤，以殴打还殴打。
26 “主人若打坏仆婢的一只眼睛，就要因仆婢眼睛受伤而使仆婢得自由。 27 同样，倘若他打掉了仆婢的一颗牙齿，也要因此而释放他。
28 “倘若有牛抵死了人，要用石头打死那头牛，并且不可吃它的肉，牛的主人可算无罪。 29 但倘若牛常常用角伤人，并且已经有人向牛的主人投诉，他却不拴好牛，以致牛抵死了人，就要用石块打死牛，并处死主人。 30 若判他以罚款抵命，不论金额多少，他都得照付。 31 牛若抵死了别人的儿女，也要照以上的条例办理。 32 牛若抵死了别人的仆婢，牛的主人要赔三百三十克银子[a]给那仆婢的主人，并要用石头打死牛。 33 倘若有人打开井盖或挖了井后不把井口盖好，以致有牛或驴掉进井里， 34 井的主人就要赔偿牲畜的主人，死牲畜则归井的主人。 35 倘若某人的牛抵死了别人的牛，两家的主人就要卖掉活牛，平分所得，同时也要平分那头死掉的牛。 36 倘若素知牛好抵，主人却没有拴好它，他就要以牛还牛，死牛则归他。
Footnotes
- 21:32 三百三十克银子约是当时一个奴仆的身价。
Exodus 21
Wycliffe Bible
21 These be the dooms, which thou shalt set forth to them. (These be the laws, which thou shalt set forth to them.)
2 If thou buyest an Hebrew servant, he shall serve thee six years; in the seventh year he shall go out free, without price; (If thou buyest a Hebrew slave, he shall serve thee for six years; then in the seventh year he shall go out free, without payment of any money;)
3 with what manner cloak he entered, with such cloak go he out; if he entered having a wife, also the wife shall go out together with him.
4 But if the lord of a servant gave a wife to him, and she childed sons and daughters, the woman and her children shall be her lord’s; soothly the servant shall go out with his own cloth. (But if the lord of a slave gave a wife to him, and she bare him sons and daughters, the woman and her children shall be her lord’s; the slave shall go out free with only his own cloak.)
5 And if the servant saith, I love my lord, and my wife, and children, I will not go out free; (And if the slave saith, I love my lord, and my wife, and my children, and I shall not go out free;)
6 his lord shall bring him to [the] gods, that is, (to the) judges; and he shall be set to the door, and to the posts; and his lord shall pierce his ear with an awl, and he shall be servant to him till into the world. (then his lord shall bring him to the judges; and he shall put him up against the door, or the door-post; and his lord shall pierce his ear with an awl, and then he shall be his slave forevermore.)
7 If any man selleth his daughter into a servantess, she shall not go out as handmaids were wont to go out; (If any man selleth his daughter to be a slave-girl, she shall not go out free like slaves can go out free;)
8 if she displeaseth in the eyes of her lord, to whom she was betaken, he shall deliver her; soothly he shall not have power, (or the right,) to sell her to an alien people, if he forsaketh her. (yea, if she displeaseth in the eyes of her lord, to whom she was delivered, then he shall sell her back to her father; and he shall not have the power, or the right, to sell her to a foreign people, if he forsaketh her.)
9 Forsooth if he weddeth her to his son, he shall do to her by the custom of daughters (he shall treat her like a daughter);
10 and if he take with this handmaid another woman, or wife, to his son, he shall purvey to the (first) damsel, or handmaid, weddings, and clothes, and he shall not deny her the price of (her) chastity, that is, the hour of yielding debt. (but if he get another wife, besides this woman, for his son, he shall still give this young woman her wedding, and her clothes, and he shall not deny her the rights of her marriage bed.)
11 If he doeth not to her these three (things), she shall go out freely without money. (And if he giveth her not these three things, then she shall go out free without payment of any money.)
12 He that smiteth a man, and will slay him, die he by death; (He who striketh a man, and killeth him, shall be put to death;)
13 forsooth if a man setteth not ambush, but God betook him into his hands, I shall ordain a place to thee (I shall ordain a place for thee), whither he oughteth to flee.
14 If any man slayeth his neighbour by before-casting, and by ambush, draw thou him away from mine altar, that he die (and put him to death).
15 He that smiteth his father, or his mother, die he by death. (He who striketh his father, or his mother, shall be put to death.)
16 He that curseth his father, or mother, die he by death. (He who curseth his father, or his mother, shall be put to death.)
17 He that stealeth a man, and selleth him, if he is convicted of the guilt, die he by death (shall be put to death).
18 If men chide, and the tother smite his neighbour with a stone, or with the fist, and he is not dead, but lieth in the bed,
19 if he riseth (up), and goeth forth on his staff, he that smote (him) shall be innocent; so nevertheless that he restore (to him for) his travails, and his costs in leaches (and his expenses for physicians).
20 He that smiteth his servant, or handmaid, with a rod, and they be dead in his hands, he shall be guilty of the crime, or hideous trespass. (He who striketh his slave, or his slave-girl, with a rod, and they die by his hands, he shall be guilty of a crime, or of a hideous trespass.)
21 Soothly if the servant liveth over this beating one day, or twain, the smiter shall not be subject to the pain of death, for the servant is his master’s chattel.
22 If men chide, and a man smiteth a woman with child, and soothly he maketh the child dead-born, but the woman liveth over that smiting, he shall be subject to the harm (he shall be subject to a fine), as much as the woman’s husband asketh (for), and as the judges deem (appropriate).
23 Soothly if the death of her followeth (And if her death followeth), he shall yield life for life,
24 eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,
25 burning for burning, wound for wound, sore for sore.
26 If a man smiteth the eye of his servant, either of his handmaid, and maketh them one-eyed, he shall deliver them free for the eye which he put out (he shall let them go out free for the eye which he hath put out).
27 Also if he smite out a tooth of his servant, or (of) [his] handmaid, in like manner he shall deliver them free (likewise he shall let them go out free).
28 If an ox smiteth with his horn either man, or woman, and they be dead, the ox shall be thrown down with stones, and his flesh shall not be eaten, and the lord of the ox shall be guiltless. (If an ox striketh with his horn a man, or a woman, unto the death, the ox shall be thrown down with stones, and his flesh shall not be eaten, but the lord of the ox shall be guiltless.)
29 That if the ox was an horn-putter from yesterday and the third day ago, and men warned his lord, (yet) neither the lord closed him, and he slayeth a man, or a woman, both the ox shall be thrown adown with stones, and they shall slay his lord; (But if the ox was a horn-putter from yesterday and the third day ago, and men had warned his lord, but his lord did not enclose him, and he killeth a man, or a woman, the ox shall be thrown down with stones, and they shall also kill his lord;)
30 that if the price be put to the lord, he shall give for his life whatever he is asked. (but if a fine be put on the ox’s lord, he shall give whatever he is asked for, as the ransom for his life.)
31 And if he smiteth with (his) horn a man’s son, and his daughter (And if the ox striketh with his horn a man’s son, or his daughter), his lord shall be subject to the same sentence.
32 If the ox assaileth a manservant, and an handmaid, the lord of the ox shall give thirty shekels of silver to the lord of that servant; forsooth the ox shall be oppressed with stones. (But if the ox assaileth a slave, or a slave-girl, the ox’s lord shall give thirty shekels of silver to their lord, and the ox shall be thrown down with stones.)
33 If any man openeth a cistern, or a pit, and diggeth it, and covereth it not, and an ox either an ass falleth into it, (If anyone openeth a cistern, or a well, and diggeth it, and covereth it not up, and an ox or a donkey falleth into it,)
34 the lord of the cistern shall yield the price of the beasts (the lord of the cistern shall pay the fair value for the beast); forsooth that that is dead shall be his.
35 If one man’s ox woundeth the ox of another man, and he is dead, they shall sell the quick ox, and they shall part the price (If one person’s ox woundeth another person’s ox, and it dieth, they shall sell the living ox, and they shall evenly divide the price); soothly they shall part betwixt them(selves) the carcass of the dead ox.
36 Forsooth if the lord knew, that his ox was a (horn)-putter from yesterday and the third day ago, and kept not him (and did not keep him in), he shall yield (another) ox for (the dead) ox, and he shall take the whole dead carcass.
Exodus 21
Legacy Standard Bible
Judgments About Slaves
21 “Now these are the (A)judgments which you are to set before them:
2 “If you buy (B)a Hebrew slave, he shall serve for six years; but on the seventh he shall go out as a free man without payment. 3 If he comes [a]alone, he shall go out [b]alone; if he is the husband of a wife, then his wife shall go out with him. 4 If his master gives him a wife, and she bears him sons or daughters, the wife and her children shall belong to her master, and he shall go out [c]alone. 5 But (C)if the slave plainly says, ‘I love my master, my wife, and my children; I will not go out as a free man,’ 6 then his master shall bring him to [d]God, and he shall bring him to the door or the doorpost. Then his master shall pierce his ear with an awl; and he shall serve him permanently.
7 “(D)And if a man sells his daughter as a female slave, she is not to [e]go free (E)as the male slaves [f]do. 8 If she is [g]displeasing in the eyes of her master [h]who designated her for himself, then he shall let her be redeemed. He does not have authority to sell her to a foreign people because of his treachery to her. 9 And if he designates her for his son, he shall do to her according to the custom of daughters. 10 If he takes for himself another woman, he may not reduce her [i]food, her clothing, or (F)her conjugal rights. 11 And if he will not do these three things for her, then she shall go out for nothing, without payment of money.
Judgments About Personal Injuries
12 “(G)He who strikes a man so that he dies shall surely be put to death. 13 (H)But [j]if he did not lie in wait for him, but (I)God let him fall into his hand, then I will appoint you a place to which he may flee. 14 (J)If, however, a man acts presumptuously toward his neighbor, so as to kill him by deceit, you shall take him even from My altar, that he may die.
15 “And he who strikes his father or his mother shall surely be put to death.
16 “(K)He who [k]kidnaps a man, whether he sells him or he is found in his hand, shall surely be put to death.
17 “(L)And he who curses his father or his mother shall surely be put to death.
18 “And if men contend with each other and one strikes the other with a stone or with his fist, and he does not die but [l]remains in bed, 19 if he gets up and walks around outside on his staff, then he who struck him shall go unpunished; he shall only pay for [m]his loss of time, and [n]he shall take care of him until he is completely healed.
20 “And if a man strikes his male or female slave with a rod and he dies [o]at his hand, he shall surely [p]be punished. 21 But if for a day or two he is able to stand, no punishment shall be taken; (M)for he is his [q]property.
22 “And if men struggle with each other and [r]strike a woman with child so that [s]she gives birth prematurely, yet there is no injury, he shall surely be fined as the woman’s husband [t]will set for him, and he shall (N)pay [u]as the judges decide. 23 But if there is any further injury, (O)then you shall pay life for life, 24 (P)eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot, 25 burn for burn, bruise for bruise, wound for wound.
26 “And if a man strikes the eye of his male or female slave and ruins it, he shall let him go free on account of his eye. 27 And if he [v]knocks out a tooth of his male or female slave, he shall let him go free on account of his tooth.
28 “And if an ox gores a man or a woman [w]to death, (Q)the ox shall surely be stoned and its flesh shall not be eaten; but the owner of the ox shall go unpunished. 29 If, however, an ox was previously in the habit of goring and its owner has been warned, yet he does not confine it and it puts a man or a woman to death, the ox shall be stoned and its owner also shall be put to death. 30 If a ransom is [x]demanded of him, then he shall give for the redemption of his life whatever is [y]demanded of him. 31 Whether it gores a son or [z]a daughter, it shall be done to him according to [aa]the same judgment. 32 If the ox gores a male or female slave, [ab]the owner shall give his or her master [ac](R)thirty shekels of silver, and the ox shall be stoned.
33 “And if a man opens a pit, or if a man digs a pit and does not cover it over, and an ox or a donkey falls into it, 34 the owner of the pit shall make restitution; he shall [ad]give money to its owner, and the dead animal shall become his.
35 “And if one man’s ox [ae]hurts another’s so that it dies, then they shall sell the live ox and divide its price equally; and also they shall divide the dead ox. 36 Or if it is known that the ox was previously in the habit of goring, yet its owner has not confined it, he shall surely pay ox for ox, and the dead animal shall become his.
Footnotes
- Exodus 21:3 Lit by himself
- Exodus 21:3 Lit by himself
- Exodus 21:4 Lit by himself
- Exodus 21:6 Or the judges who acted in God’s name
- Exodus 21:7 Lit go out
- Exodus 21:7 Lit go out
- Exodus 21:8 Lit bad
- Exodus 21:8 Or so that he did not designate her
- Exodus 21:10 Lit flesh
- Exodus 21:13 Lit he who
- Exodus 21:16 Lit steals
- Exodus 21:18 Lit lies
- Exodus 21:19 Lit his sitting
- Exodus 21:19 Lit healing, he shall cause to be healed
- Exodus 21:20 Lit under
- Exodus 21:20 Lit suffer vengeance
- Exodus 21:21 Lit money
- Exodus 21:22 Lit smote
- Exodus 21:22 Or an untimely birth occurs; lit her children come out
- Exodus 21:22 Lit lays on him
- Exodus 21:22 Lit by arbitration
- Exodus 21:27 Lit causes to fall
- Exodus 21:28 Lit so that he dies
- Exodus 21:30 Lit laid on him
- Exodus 21:30 Lit laid on him
- Exodus 21:31 Lit gores a daughter
- Exodus 21:31 Lit this
- Exodus 21:32 Lit he
- Exodus 21:32 Approx. 12 oz. or 330 gm, a shekel was approx. 0.4 oz. or 11 gm
- Exodus 21:34 Lit give back
- Exodus 21:35 Lit smites
Chinese Contemporary Bible Copyright © 1979, 2005, 2007, 2011 by Biblica® Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide.
2001 by Terence P. Noble
Legacy Standard Bible Copyright ©2021 by The Lockman Foundation. All rights reserved. Managed in partnership with Three Sixteen Publishing Inc. LSBible.org For Permission to Quote Information visit https://www.LSBible.org.