出エジプト記 22
Japanese Living Bible
財産の保護
22 人が牛か羊を盗み、それを殺したり売り飛ばしたりしたなら、五倍の罰金を払わなければならない。盗んだ牛一頭につき五頭分を弁償する。羊の場合は四倍にし、盗んだ羊一頭につき四頭分を返す。
2 どろぼうが家に押し入るところを見つけ、捕まえて殺しても、殺した者は無罪である。 3 ただし、昼間であれば殺人とみなされ、有罪となる。どろぼうして捕まった場合は、損害を全額弁償しなければならない。できなければ、奴隷として身を売ってでも弁償する。
4 牛、ろば、羊、そのほか何でも盗みの現行犯として捕まったなら、二倍にして償わなければならない。
5 放した家畜が他人のぶどう畑に侵入したり、わざと人の畑に家畜を放して作物を食べさせたりした場合は、損害の全額を弁償しなければならない。畑の持ち主に、最良の収穫に見合う分を支払う。
6 野焼きの最中に火が燃え広がって人の畑に燃え移り、刈り穂や穀物を焼いた場合、出火させた者は損害の全額を弁償しなければならない。
7 隣人に預けた金や物が盗まれた場合、どろぼうが捕まれば、その犯人が損害の倍額を支払う。 8 犯人が捕まらない場合は、貴重品を預かった者は神の前で裁判を受け、自分が盗んだのではないことをはっきりさせなければならない。
9 牛、ろば、羊、衣類、そのほか何でも紛失した場合、持ち主がほかの人に疑いをかけ、しかも、相手がそれを否認する場合は、双方が神の前で裁判を受ける。神に有罪と宣告された者は、損害の倍額を支払わなければならない。
10 ろば、牛、羊、そのほかどんな動物でも、人に預け、死ぬか傷つくか盗まれるかした場合、それが実際にどうであったかを報告する目撃者がいない場合は、 11 預かった者は、自分が盗んだのではないことを神に誓わなければならない。持ち主がその言い分を受け入れれば、弁償の必要はない。 12 しかし、その家畜が確かに盗まれたのであれば、預かっていた者は持ち主に弁償しなければならない。 13 また、野獣に襲われたのであれば、証拠として、食い荒らされた死体を持って来なければならない。この場合は弁償の必要はない。
14 人から家畜を借り、それが傷つくか死ぬかして、しかも、持ち主がその場に居合わせなかった場合は、借りた者が弁償しなければならない。 15 しかし、持ち主が居合わせた場合は弁償の必要はない。ただし、有料で借りたものについては、借り賃はきちんと払わなければならない。
道徳的規定
16 だれとも婚約していない女性を誘惑し、彼女と関係を結んだ者は、しきたりどおりの結納金を支払って彼女を妻にしなければならない。 17 しかし、父親が結婚に反対の場合は慰謝料を払う。
18 女の呪術師は死刑に処せられる。
19 動物と性的関係を持つ者はすべて死刑に処せられる。
20 唯一の主以外の神々にいけにえをささげる者は死刑に処せられる。
21 在留異国人を苦しめてはならない。自分たち自身がエジプトで外国人だったことを忘れてはならない。
22 未亡人や孤児につらく当たってはならない。 23 少しでもそんなことがあれば、彼らはわたしに助けを求めるだろうし、わたしは必ず彼らを助ける。 24 わたしの怒りは燃え上がり、剣であなたがたを殺す。あなたがたの妻が未亡人に、子が孤児になる。
25 困っている仲間のヘブル人（イスラエル人）に金を貸す場合、利息を取る普通の取り引きをしてはならない。 26 服を借金のかたに取ったら、夕方には返さなければならない。 27 おそらくそれが、彼の体を暖める唯一の物だからである。着る物もなくて、どうして眠ることができるだろう。もし返さなければ、彼はわたしに助けを求めるだろう。わたしは願いを聞き、彼を助ける。わたしは情け深いからである。
祭儀的規定
28 神を冒瀆してはならない。国の指導者をのろってはならない。
29 収穫物やぶどう酒のささげ物、また長男を買い戻す金をささげるのに、遅れてはならない。
30 牛と羊の初子は七日間、母親のそばに置き、八日目にささげなさい。
31 あなたがた自身が聖なるもの、わたしの特別な民だから、野獣に殺された動物の肉を食べてはならない。死体はそのままにして、犬に食べさせなさい。
Exodus 22
King James Version
22 If a man shall steal an ox, or a sheep, and kill it, or sell it; he shall restore five oxen for an ox, and four sheep for a sheep.
2 If a thief be found breaking up, and be smitten that he die, there shall no blood be shed for him.
3 If the sun be risen upon him, there shall be blood shed for him; for he should make full restitution; if he have nothing, then he shall be sold for his theft.
4 If the theft be certainly found in his hand alive, whether it be ox, or ass, or sheep; he shall restore double.
5 If a man shall cause a field or vineyard to be eaten, and shall put in his beast, and shall feed in another man's field; of the best of his own field, and of the best of his own vineyard, shall he make restitution.
6 If fire break out, and catch in thorns, so that the stacks of corn, or the standing corn, or the field, be consumed therewith; he that kindled the fire shall surely make restitution.
7 If a man shall deliver unto his neighbour money or stuff to keep, and it be stolen out of the man's house; if the thief be found, let him pay double.
8 If the thief be not found, then the master of the house shall be brought unto the judges, to see whether he have put his hand unto his neighbour's goods.
9 For all manner of trespass, whether it be for ox, for ass, for sheep, for raiment, or for any manner of lost thing which another challengeth to be his, the cause of both parties shall come before the judges; and whom the judges shall condemn, he shall pay double unto his neighbour.
10 If a man deliver unto his neighbour an ass, or an ox, or a sheep, or any beast, to keep; and it die, or be hurt, or driven away, no man seeing it:
11 Then shall an oath of the Lord be between them both, that he hath not put his hand unto his neighbour's goods; and the owner of it shall accept thereof, and he shall not make it good.
12 And if it be stolen from him, he shall make restitution unto the owner thereof.
13 If it be torn in pieces, then let him bring it for witness, and he shall not make good that which was torn.
14 And if a man borrow ought of his neighbour, and it be hurt, or die, the owner thereof being not with it, he shall surely make it good.
15 But if the owner thereof be with it, he shall not make it good: if it be an hired thing, it came for his hire.
16 And if a man entice a maid that is not betrothed, and lie with her, he shall surely endow her to be his wife.
17 If her father utterly refuse to give her unto him, he shall pay money according to the dowry of virgins.
18 Thou shalt not suffer a witch to live.
19 Whosoever lieth with a beast shall surely be put to death.
20 He that sacrificeth unto any god, save unto the Lord only, he shall be utterly destroyed.
21 Thou shalt neither vex a stranger, nor oppress him: for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt.
22 Ye shall not afflict any widow, or fatherless child.
23 If thou afflict them in any wise, and they cry at all unto me, I will surely hear their cry;
24 And my wrath shall wax hot, and I will kill you with the sword; and your wives shall be widows, and your children fatherless.
25 If thou lend money to any of my people that is poor by thee, thou shalt not be to him as an usurer, neither shalt thou lay upon him usury.
26 If thou at all take thy neighbour's raiment to pledge, thou shalt deliver it unto him by that the sun goeth down:
27 For that is his covering only, it is his raiment for his skin: wherein shall he sleep? and it shall come to pass, when he crieth unto me, that I will hear; for I am gracious.
28 Thou shalt not revile the gods, nor curse the ruler of thy people.
29 Thou shalt not delay to offer the first of thy ripe fruits, and of thy liquors: the firstborn of thy sons shalt thou give unto me.
30 Likewise shalt thou do with thine oxen, and with thy sheep: seven days it shall be with his dam; on the eighth day thou shalt give it me.
31 And ye shall be holy men unto me: neither shall ye eat any flesh that is torn of beasts in the field; ye shall cast it to the dogs.
Exodus 22
New King James Version
Responsibility for Property
22 “If a man steals an ox or a sheep, and slaughters it or sells it, he shall (A)restore five oxen for an ox and four sheep for a sheep. 2 If the thief is found (B)breaking in, and he is struck so that he dies, there shall be (C)no guilt for his bloodshed. 3 If the sun has risen on him, there shall be guilt for his bloodshed. He should make full restitution; if he has nothing, then he shall be (D)sold[a] for his theft. 4 If the theft is certainly (E)found alive in his hand, whether it is an ox or donkey or sheep, he shall (F)restore double.
5 “If a man causes a field or vineyard to be grazed, and lets loose his animal, and it feeds in another man’s field, he shall make restitution from the best of his own field and the best of his own vineyard.
6 “If fire breaks out and catches in thorns, so that stacked grain, standing grain, or the field is consumed, he who kindled the fire shall surely make restitution.
7 “If a man (G)delivers to his neighbor money or articles to keep, and it is stolen out of the man’s house, (H)if the thief is found, he shall pay double. 8 If the thief is not found, then the master of the house shall be brought to the (I)judges to see whether he has put his hand into his neighbor’s goods.
9 “For any kind of trespass, whether it concerns an ox, a donkey, a sheep, or clothing, or for any kind of lost thing which another claims to be his, the (J)cause of both parties shall come before the judges; and whomever the judges condemn shall pay double to his neighbor. 10 If a man delivers to his neighbor a donkey, an ox, a sheep, or any animal to keep, and it dies, is hurt, or driven away, no one seeing it, 11 then an (K)oath of the Lord shall be between them both, that he has not put his hand into his neighbor’s goods; and the owner of it shall accept that, and he shall not make it good. 12 But (L)if, in fact, it is stolen from him, he shall make restitution to the owner of it. 13 If it is (M)torn to pieces by a beast, then he shall bring it as evidence, and he shall not make good what was torn.
14 “And if a man borrows anything from his neighbor, and it becomes injured or dies, the owner of it not being with it, he shall surely make it good. 15 If its owner was with it, he shall not make it good; if it was hired, it came for its hire.
Moral and Ceremonial Principles
16 (N)“If a man entices a virgin who is not betrothed, and lies with her, he shall surely pay the bride-price for her to be his wife. 17 If her father utterly refuses to give her to him, he shall pay money according to the (O)bride-price of virgins.
18 (P)“You shall not permit a sorceress to live.
19 (Q)“Whoever lies with an animal shall surely be put to death.
20 (R)“He who sacrifices to any god, except to the Lord only, he shall be utterly destroyed.
21 (S)“You shall neither mistreat a [b]stranger nor oppress him, for you were strangers in the land of Egypt.
22 (T)“You shall not afflict any widow or fatherless child. 23 If you afflict them in any way, and they (U)cry at all to Me, I will surely (V)hear their cry; 24 and My (W)wrath will become hot, and I will kill you with the sword; (X)your wives shall be widows, and your children fatherless.
25 (Y)“If you lend money to any of My people who are poor among you, you shall not be like a moneylender to him; you shall not charge him (Z)interest. 26 (AA)If you ever take your neighbor’s garment as a pledge, you shall return it to him before the sun goes down. 27 For that is his only covering, it is his garment for his skin. What will he sleep in? And it will be that when he cries to Me, I will hear, for I am (AB)gracious.
28 (AC)“You shall not revile God, nor curse a (AD)ruler of your people.
29 “You shall not delay to offer (AE)the first of your ripe produce and your juices. (AF)The firstborn of your sons you shall give to Me. 30 (AG)Likewise you shall do with your oxen and your sheep. It shall be with its mother (AH)seven days; on the eighth day you shall give it to Me.
31 “And you shall be (AI)holy men to Me: (AJ)you shall not eat meat torn by beasts in the field; you shall throw it to the dogs.
Footnotes
- Exodus 22:3 Sold as a slave
- Exodus 22:21 sojourner
Copyright© 1978, 2011, 2016 by Biblica, Inc.® Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide.
Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.
