司提反在议会讲道

大祭司问司提反:“真有这些事吗?”

司提反说:“各位父老兄弟,请听!我们的先祖亚伯拉罕哈兰以前,还在美索不达米亚的时候,荣耀的神向他显现, 对他说:

‘你要离开你的故土和亲族,
到我所要指示你的地方去。’[a]

“于是亚伯拉罕离开迦勒底人的地方,住在哈兰。他的父亲死了以后,神使他从那里迁移到你们现在所住的这地方。 在这里,神并没有赐给他继业,连立足的地方也没有。可是神应许要把这地赐给他和他的后裔为业。当时,亚伯拉罕还没有孩子。 神这样说:

‘他的后裔要在他人之地做寄居的,
那里的人要奴役、虐待他们四百年。
可是我要惩罚那奴役他们的国家。’
神又说:
‘这些事以后,他们将要出来,在这地方事奉我。’[b]

神又赐给亚伯拉罕割礼的约。这样,亚伯拉罕生了以撒,第八天给他行了割礼。后来以撒生了雅各雅各生了十二位先祖。

先祖在埃及

“先祖们嫉妒约瑟,把他卖到埃及去。可是神与他同在, 10 救他脱离一切患难,并且使他在埃及王法老面前蒙恩宠、有智慧。法老就委任约瑟做宰相,统管埃及和法老全家。 11 后来整个埃及[c]迦南地区遭遇了饥荒和大灾难,我们的祖先找不到粮食。 12 雅各听说埃及有粮食,就派我们的祖先去,这是第一次。 13 第二次去的时候,约瑟的身世被他的兄弟们知道了,这样,约瑟的家族就被法老知道了。 14 于是约瑟派人把他的父亲雅各和所有的亲属请来,一共七十五人[d][e] 15 雅各下到埃及,后来他死了,我们的祖先也死了, 16 遗体被带回示剑,安放到亚伯拉罕示剑用一笔银子从哈莫尔的子孙买来的坟墓里。

拒绝摩西的拯救

17 “随着神向亚伯拉罕所宣告[f]的那应许时期临近,以色列子民在埃及兴旺、增多, 18 直到另一个不认识约瑟的王起来统治埃及 19 这王狡猾地对待我们的同胞,虐待我们的祖先,强迫他们丢弃自己的婴孩,好使婴孩活不下去。 20 就在那时候,摩西出生了。他在神的眼里[g]十分俊美,在父亲家里被抚养了三个月。 21 后来他被丢弃的时候,法老的女儿把他捡去,当做自己的儿子抚养。 22 摩西埃及人的一切智慧上受了教育,说话行事都有能力。

23 “当他满四十岁的时候,心里决定要去探望[h]自己的同胞[i]以色列子民。 24 他看见一个同胞[j]受欺负,就去卫护他,为那受压迫的人报仇,打死了那个埃及人。 25 摩西以为自己的同胞[k]会领悟神是藉着他的手拯救他们[l],但他们却不领悟。 26 第二天,一些同胞在争斗,摩西就出来,劝他们和睦,说:‘各位!你们是同胞[m],为什么互相欺负呢?’

27 “但那欺负同伴[n]的人把摩西推开,说:

‘谁委任你做我们的首领和审判官呢? 28 难道你想杀了我,像你昨天杀了那个埃及人一样吗?’[o]

29 摩西听了这话就逃跑了,并寄居在米甸[p],在那里生了两个儿子。 30 过了四十年,在西奈山的旷野,一位天使[q]在荆棘火焰中向摩西显现。 31 摩西见了这景象[r],感到惊奇。正当他上前要观看的时候,有主的声音说: 32 ‘我是你祖先的神,就是亚伯拉罕以撒雅各的神[s]。’[t]摩西战战兢兢,不敢观看。

33 “主对他说:

‘脱掉你脚上的鞋,因为你站的地方是圣地。 34 我的子民在埃及的困苦,我确实看见了;他们的呻吟,我也听见了;于是我下来要救他们。现在你来!我要差派你到埃及去。’[u]

35 “这摩西就是他们拒绝说‘谁委任你做首领和审判官’[v]的那位,神却藉着那在荆棘中向他显现的天使的手,差派他做首领、做救赎者。 36 这个人带领以色列子民出来,在埃及地、在红海,并且在旷野的四十年间,行了奇事和神迹。

以色列悖逆神

37 “这个人就是摩西,他曾告诉以色列子民:‘神[w]将要从你们兄弟中给你们兴起一位先知,像兴起我一样。[x][y] 38 这个人曾在旷野的会众当中,与那在西奈山对他讲话的天使在一起,又和我们的祖先在一起。他接受了生命的话语,把它传给了我们。 39 我们的祖先不肯顺从,反而弃绝了他,甚至在心里转回埃及去, 40 亚伦说:

‘为我们造一些神明在我们前面引路吧,因为带领我们出埃及地的那个摩西,我们不知道他出了什么事!’[z]

41 在那些日子里,他们造了一个牛犊的像,又向那偶像献上祭物,并且为自己手所做的而庆祝。 42 神就转身不顾,任凭他们去事奉天上的万象,正如先知书上所记载的:

以色列家呀!
你们在旷野的四十年里献上的牺牲和祭物,
难道是给我的吗?
43 你们抬起了摩洛的帐幕和你们理番神的星,
就是你们为敬拜而造的像。
因此,我要把你们迁移到巴比伦以外去。’[aa]

真正的会幕

44 “我们的祖先在旷野有见证的会幕,是照着对摩西说话的那一位所吩咐的,并按照摩西看到的样式所做成的。 45 我们的祖先相继承受了这会幕,并且与约书亚一起把它带进了继业之地,就是神从我们祖先面前赶出的外邦人的地,直到大卫的时代。 46 大卫在神面前蒙了恩典,就祈求为雅各的神[ab]预备[ac]一个居所[ad] 47 但为神建造殿宇[ae]的却是所罗门 48 其实至高者并不住在人手所造的殿宇[af]里,正如先知所说:

49 ‘主说:“天是我的宝座,
地是我的脚凳。
你们要为我建造什么样的殿宇[ag]呢?
我安息的地方在哪里呢?
50 这一切难道不都是我手所造的吗?”’[ah]

抗拒圣灵

51 “你们这些顽固不化、心和耳都未受割礼的人哪,你们总是抗拒圣灵!你们的祖先怎样,你们也怎样。 52 有哪一位先知,你们的祖先不逼迫呢?他们杀了那些预言那义者要来的先知,现在你们又成为那义者的出卖者和凶手了。 53 你们领受了藉天使所设立的律法,却不遵守。”

司提反殉道

54 他们听了这些话就勃然大怒[ai],向司提反咬牙切齿。 55 但是司提反充满圣灵,注目望天,看见了神的荣耀,又看见耶稣站在神的右边。 56 他说:“看哪,我看见诸天开了,人子站在神的右边。”

57 于是他们大声喊叫,捂着耳朵,一齐向他冲过去, 58 把他拉到城外,用石头砸他。那些见证人把自己的外衣放在一个称为扫罗的年轻人脚前。 59 他们用石头砸司提反的时候,司提反向主[aj]呼求,说:“主耶稣,求你接受我的灵魂!” 60 然后他跪下,大声呼喊:“主啊,不要把这罪归于他们。”说了这话,他就睡了。

Footnotes

  1. 使徒行传 7:3 《创世记》12:1。
  2. 使徒行传 7:7 《创世记》15:13-14。
  3. 使徒行传 7:11 埃及——有古抄本作“埃及地”。
  4. 使徒行传 7:14 人——原文直译“灵魂”。
  5. 使徒行传 7:14 七十五人——参《创世记》46:27;《出埃及记》1:5。希伯来原文作“七十人”。
  6. 使徒行传 7:17 宣告——有古抄本作“起誓”。
  7. 使徒行传 7:20 有古抄本没有“在神的眼里”。
  8. 使徒行传 7:23 探望——或译作“照顾”。
  9. 使徒行传 7:23 同胞——原文直译“兄弟”。
  10. 使徒行传 7:24 同胞——原文直译“人”。
  11. 使徒行传 7:25 同胞——原文直译“兄弟”。
  12. 使徒行传 7:25 拯救他们——原文直译“给他们拯救”。
  13. 使徒行传 7:26 同胞——原文直译“兄弟”。
  14. 使徒行传 7:27 同伴——原文直译“邻人”。
  15. 使徒行传 7:28 《出埃及记》2:14。
  16. 使徒行传 7:29 寄居在米甸地——原文直译“成了在米甸地的一个寄居者”。
  17. 使徒行传 7:30 天使——有古抄本作“主的天使”或“主的使者”。
  18. 使徒行传 7:31 景象——或译作“异象”。
  19. 使徒行传 7:32 亚伯拉罕、以撒、雅各的神——有古抄本作“亚伯拉罕的神、以撒的神、雅各的神”。
  20. 使徒行传 7:32 《出埃及记》3:6,15。
  21. 使徒行传 7:34 《出埃及记》3:5,7-8,10。
  22. 使徒行传 7:35 《出埃及记》2:14。
  23. 使徒行传 7:37 神——有古抄本作“主——你们的神”。
  24. 使徒行传 7:37 有古抄本附“你们当听从他。”
  25. 使徒行传 7:37 《申命记》18:15。
  26. 使徒行传 7:40 《出埃及记》32:1,23。
  27. 使徒行传 7:43 《阿摩司书》5:25-27。
  28. 使徒行传 7:46 雅各的神——有古抄本作“雅各的家”。
  29. 使徒行传 7:46 预备——原文直译“寻找”。
  30. 使徒行传 7:46 居所——原文直译“帐幕”或“会幕”。
  31. 使徒行传 7:47 殿宇——原文直译“家”。
  32. 使徒行传 7:48 有古抄本没有“殿宇”。
  33. 使徒行传 7:49 殿宇——原文直译“家”。
  34. 使徒行传 7:50 《以赛亚书》66:1-2。
  35. 使徒行传 7:54 勃然大怒——或译作“心如被刀割”。
  36. 使徒行传 7:59 向主——辅助词语。

司提反的申辩

大祭司说:“真有这些事吗?” 司提反说:“各位父老兄弟请听!我们的祖宗亚伯拉罕,在美索不达米亚,还没有住在哈兰的时候,荣耀的 神向他显现, 对他说:‘你要离开本地本族,到我指示你的地方去。’ 他就离开迦勒底人的地方,住在哈兰。他父亲死后, 神又叫他从那里迁到你们现在所住的地方。 在这里 神并没有赐他产业,连立足之地也没有。但 神应许把这地赐给他和他的后裔为业,虽然那时他还没有儿子。  神就这样说:‘你的后裔必在外地寄居,人要奴役、虐待他们四百年。’  神又说:‘奴役他们的那个国家,我要亲自惩罚。以后,他们要出来,在这地方事奉我。’  神也赐他割礼为约。这样,亚伯拉罕生了以撒,第八天就给他行了割礼。后来,以撒生雅各,雅各生了十二位祖先。

“祖先妒忌约瑟,把他卖到埃及去,然而 神与他同在, 10 救他脱离一切苦难,使他在埃及王法老面前,有智慧、得恩宠。法老立他为首相,管理埃及和法老的全家。 11 后来埃及和迦南全地遭遇饥荒、大灾难,我们的祖先找不到粮食。 12 雅各听见埃及有谷粮,就派我们的祖先去,这是第一次。 13 第二次的时候,约瑟就向哥哥们表露自己的身世,法老才知道约瑟的家世。 14 约瑟就派人去把他父亲雅各和全家七十五人都接来。 15 于是雅各下了埃及。后来他和我们祖先都死了, 16 运到示剑,埋葬在亚伯拉罕用银子向哈抹子孙买来的坟地里。

17 “ 神给亚伯拉罕的应许快要实现的时候,以色列人在埃及人口繁盛增多; 18 但是,到了另一位不认识约瑟的君王兴起统治埃及的时候, 19 他就谋害我们的同胞,虐待我们的祖先,逼他们拋弃自己的婴孩,不容婴孩存活。 20 就在那时候,摩西出生了,他非常俊美,在父亲的家中抚养了三个月。 21 他被拋弃的时候,法老的女儿把他拾起来,当作儿子抚养。 22 摩西学尽了埃及人的一切学问,说话行事都有能力。

23 “到了四十岁,他心中起了一个念头,要去看望自己的同胞以色列人。 24 当他看见有一个人受欺负,就去护卫,为那受屈的抱不平,打死了那个埃及人。 25 他以为同胞们都必知道 神要借着他的手拯救他们,事实上他们却不知道。 26 第二天,有人在打架,摩西就出面调解,说:‘你们是弟兄,为甚么彼此欺负呢?’ 27 那欺负邻舍的把他推开,说:‘谁立了你作我们的领袖和审判官呢? 28 难道你想杀我,像昨天杀那个埃及人一样吗?’ 29 摩西因为这句话,就逃到米甸地寄居,在那里生了两个儿子。

30 “过了四十年,在西奈山的旷野,有一位使者,在荆棘中的火焰里,向摩西显现。 31 他见了这个异象,十分惊奇;他正上前察看的时候,就有主的声音说: 32 ‘我是你祖宗的 神,就是亚伯拉罕、以撒、雅各的 神。’摩西战战兢兢,不敢观看。 33 主对他说:‘把你脚上的鞋脱掉,因为你所站的地方是圣地。 34 我的子民在埃及所受的痛苦,我实在看见了;他们的叹息我也听见了,我下来是要救他们。你来,我要派你到埃及去。’ 35 他们拒绝了这位摩西,说:‘谁立了你作领袖和审判官呢?’但 神借着在荆棘中向他显现的使者的手,派他作领袖和救赎者。 36 这人领他们出来,并且在埃及地、红海和旷野,行奇事神迹四十年。 37 以前那位对以色列人说‘ 神要从你们弟兄中间,给你们兴起一位先知像我’的,就是这摩西。 38 那曾经在旷野的大会中,和那在西奈山上对他说话的使者同在,也与我们的祖先同在的,就是他。他领受了活的圣言,传给我们。 39 我们的祖先不肯听从他,反而把他推开,他们的心已经转向了埃及, 40 就对亚伦说:‘给我们做一些神像,可以走在我们前头。因为把我们从埃及地领出来的那个摩西,我们不知道他遭遇了甚么事。’ 41 在那些日子里,他们做了一个牛犊,把祭物献给那偶像,并且因自己手所做的而欢乐。 42 于是 神转身离开,任凭他们事奉天象,正如先知书所说:

‘以色列家啊,

你们在旷野四十年,

岂是将祭牲和祭物献给我呢?

43 你们抬着摩洛的帐幕,

和理番神的星,

就是你们做来敬拜的像。

所以我要把你们放逐到巴比伦那一边去。’

44 “我们的祖先在旷野有作证的帐幕,就是跟摩西谈话的那位指示他,依照他看见的样式做的。 45 我们的祖先相继承受了这帐幕, 神把外族人从他们面前赶走以后,他们就同约书亚把帐幕带进所得为业的地方,直到大卫的日子。 46 大卫在 神面前蒙了恩,就求为雅各的 神找个居所, 47 而由所罗门为他建造殿宇。 48 其实至高者并不住人手所造的,正如先知说:

49 ‘主说:天是我的宝座,

地是我的脚凳,

你们要为我建造怎样的殿呢?

哪里是我安息的地方呢?

50 这一切不都是我手所造的吗?’

51 “你们颈项刚硬、心和耳都未受割礼的人哪!你们时常抗拒圣灵,你们的祖先怎样,你们也怎样。 52 有哪一个先知,你们的祖先不迫害呢?你们杀了那些预先宣告那义者要来的人,现在又把那义者出卖了,杀害了。 53 你们领受了由天使传达的律法,却不遵守。”

司提反被石头打死

54 众人听了这些话,心中非常恼怒,就向着司提反咬牙切齿。 55 但司提反被圣灵充满,定睛望着天,看见 神的荣耀,并且看见耶稣站在 神的右边, 56 就说:“看哪!我看见天开了,人子站在 神的右边。” 57 众人大声喊叫,掩着耳朵,一齐向他冲过去, 58 把他推出城外,用石头打他。那些证人把自己的衣服,放在一个名叫扫罗的青年人脚前。 59 他们用石头打司提反的时候,他呼求说:“主耶稣啊,求你接收我的灵魂!” 60 然后跪下来大声喊着说:“主啊,不要把这罪归给他们!”说了这话,就睡了。

Stephen’s Speech to the Sanhedrin

Then the high priest asked Stephen, “Are these charges true?”

To this he replied: “Brothers and fathers,(A) listen to me! The God of glory(B) appeared to our father Abraham while he was still in Mesopotamia, before he lived in Harran.(C) ‘Leave your country and your people,’ God said, ‘and go to the land I will show you.’[a](D)

“So he left the land of the Chaldeans and settled in Harran. After the death of his father, God sent him to this land where you are now living.(E) He gave him no inheritance here,(F) not even enough ground to set his foot on. But God promised him that he and his descendants after him would possess the land,(G) even though at that time Abraham had no child. God spoke to him in this way: ‘For four hundred years your descendants will be strangers in a country not their own, and they will be enslaved and mistreated.(H) But I will punish the nation they serve as slaves,’ God said, ‘and afterward they will come out of that country and worship me in this place.’[b](I) Then he gave Abraham the covenant of circumcision.(J) And Abraham became the father of Isaac and circumcised him eight days after his birth.(K) Later Isaac became the father of Jacob,(L) and Jacob became the father of the twelve patriarchs.(M)

“Because the patriarchs were jealous of Joseph,(N) they sold him as a slave into Egypt.(O) But God was with him(P) 10 and rescued him from all his troubles. He gave Joseph wisdom and enabled him to gain the goodwill of Pharaoh king of Egypt. So Pharaoh made him ruler over Egypt and all his palace.(Q)

11 “Then a famine struck all Egypt and Canaan, bringing great suffering, and our ancestors could not find food.(R) 12 When Jacob heard that there was grain in Egypt, he sent our forefathers on their first visit.(S) 13 On their second visit, Joseph told his brothers who he was,(T) and Pharaoh learned about Joseph’s family.(U) 14 After this, Joseph sent for his father Jacob and his whole family,(V) seventy-five in all.(W) 15 Then Jacob went down to Egypt, where he and our ancestors died.(X) 16 Their bodies were brought back to Shechem and placed in the tomb that Abraham had bought from the sons of Hamor at Shechem for a certain sum of money.(Y)

17 “As the time drew near for God to fulfill his promise to Abraham, the number of our people in Egypt had greatly increased.(Z) 18 Then ‘a new king, to whom Joseph meant nothing, came to power in Egypt.’[c](AA) 19 He dealt treacherously with our people and oppressed our ancestors by forcing them to throw out their newborn babies so that they would die.(AB)

20 “At that time Moses was born, and he was no ordinary child.[d] For three months he was cared for by his family.(AC) 21 When he was placed outside, Pharaoh’s daughter took him and brought him up as her own son.(AD) 22 Moses was educated in all the wisdom of the Egyptians(AE) and was powerful in speech and action.

23 “When Moses was forty years old, he decided to visit his own people, the Israelites. 24 He saw one of them being mistreated by an Egyptian, so he went to his defense and avenged him by killing the Egyptian. 25 Moses thought that his own people would realize that God was using him to rescue them, but they did not. 26 The next day Moses came upon two Israelites who were fighting. He tried to reconcile them by saying, ‘Men, you are brothers; why do you want to hurt each other?’

27 “But the man who was mistreating the other pushed Moses aside and said, ‘Who made you ruler and judge over us?(AF) 28 Are you thinking of killing me as you killed the Egyptian yesterday?’[e] 29 When Moses heard this, he fled to Midian, where he settled as a foreigner and had two sons.(AG)

30 “After forty years had passed, an angel appeared to Moses in the flames of a burning bush in the desert near Mount Sinai. 31 When he saw this, he was amazed at the sight. As he went over to get a closer look, he heard the Lord say:(AH) 32 ‘I am the God of your fathers,(AI) the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob.’[f] Moses trembled with fear and did not dare to look.(AJ)

33 “Then the Lord said to him, ‘Take off your sandals, for the place where you are standing is holy ground.(AK) 34 I have indeed seen the oppression of my people in Egypt. I have heard their groaning and have come down to set them free. Now come, I will send you back to Egypt.’[g](AL)

35 “This is the same Moses they had rejected with the words, ‘Who made you ruler and judge?’(AM) He was sent to be their ruler and deliverer by God himself, through the angel who appeared to him in the bush. 36 He led them out of Egypt(AN) and performed wonders and signs(AO) in Egypt, at the Red Sea(AP) and for forty years in the wilderness.(AQ)

37 “This is the Moses who told the Israelites, ‘God will raise up for you a prophet like me from your own people.’[h](AR) 38 He was in the assembly in the wilderness, with the angel(AS) who spoke to him on Mount Sinai, and with our ancestors;(AT) and he received living words(AU) to pass on to us.(AV)

39 “But our ancestors refused to obey him. Instead, they rejected him and in their hearts turned back to Egypt.(AW) 40 They told Aaron, ‘Make us gods who will go before us. As for this fellow Moses who led us out of Egypt—we don’t know what has happened to him!’[i](AX) 41 That was the time they made an idol in the form of a calf. They brought sacrifices to it and reveled in what their own hands had made.(AY) 42 But God turned away from them(AZ) and gave them over to the worship of the sun, moon and stars.(BA) This agrees with what is written in the book of the prophets:

“‘Did you bring me sacrifices and offerings
    forty years in the wilderness, people of Israel?
43 You have taken up the tabernacle of Molek
    and the star of your god Rephan,
    the idols you made to worship.
Therefore I will send you into exile’[j](BB) beyond Babylon.

44 “Our ancestors had the tabernacle of the covenant law(BC) with them in the wilderness. It had been made as God directed Moses, according to the pattern he had seen.(BD) 45 After receiving the tabernacle, our ancestors under Joshua brought it with them when they took the land from the nations God drove out before them.(BE) It remained in the land until the time of David,(BF) 46 who enjoyed God’s favor and asked that he might provide a dwelling place for the God of Jacob.[k](BG) 47 But it was Solomon who built a house for him.(BH)

48 “However, the Most High(BI) does not live in houses made by human hands.(BJ) As the prophet says:

49 “‘Heaven is my throne,
    and the earth is my footstool.(BK)
What kind of house will you build for me?
says the Lord.
    Or where will my resting place be?
50 Has not my hand made all these things?’[l](BL)

51 “You stiff-necked people!(BM) Your hearts(BN) and ears are still uncircumcised. You are just like your ancestors: You always resist the Holy Spirit! 52 Was there ever a prophet your ancestors did not persecute?(BO) They even killed those who predicted the coming of the Righteous One. And now you have betrayed and murdered him(BP) 53 you who have received the law that was given through angels(BQ) but have not obeyed it.”

The Stoning of Stephen

54 When the members of the Sanhedrin heard this, they were furious(BR) and gnashed their teeth at him. 55 But Stephen, full of the Holy Spirit,(BS) looked up to heaven and saw the glory of God, and Jesus standing at the right hand of God.(BT) 56 “Look,” he said, “I see heaven open(BU) and the Son of Man(BV) standing at the right hand of God.”

57 At this they covered their ears and, yelling at the top of their voices, they all rushed at him, 58 dragged him out of the city(BW) and began to stone him.(BX) Meanwhile, the witnesses(BY) laid their coats(BZ) at the feet of a young man named Saul.(CA)

59 While they were stoning him, Stephen prayed, “Lord Jesus, receive my spirit.”(CB) 60 Then he fell on his knees(CC) and cried out, “Lord, do not hold this sin against them.”(CD) When he had said this, he fell asleep.(CE)

Footnotes

  1. Acts 7:3 Gen. 12:1
  2. Acts 7:7 Gen. 15:13,14
  3. Acts 7:18 Exodus 1:8
  4. Acts 7:20 Or was fair in the sight of God
  5. Acts 7:28 Exodus 2:14
  6. Acts 7:32 Exodus 3:6
  7. Acts 7:34 Exodus 3:5,7,8,10
  8. Acts 7:37 Deut. 18:15
  9. Acts 7:40 Exodus 32:1
  10. Acts 7:43 Amos 5:25-27 (see Septuagint)
  11. Acts 7:46 Some early manuscripts the house of Jacob
  12. Acts 7:50 Isaiah 66:1,2

Stephen’s Speech to the Council

Then the high priest asked him, ‘Are these things so?’ And Stephen replied:

‘Brothers[a] and fathers, listen to me. The God of glory appeared to our ancestor Abraham when he was in Mesopotamia, before he lived in Haran, and said to him, “Leave your country and your relatives and go to the land that I will show you.” Then he left the country of the Chaldeans and settled in Haran. After his father died, God had him move from there to this country in which you are now living. He did not give him any of it as a heritage, not even a foot’s length, but promised to give it to him as his possession and to his descendants after him, even though he had no child. And God spoke in these terms, that his descendants would be resident aliens in a country belonging to others, who would enslave them and maltreat them for four hundred years. “But I will judge the nation that they serve,” said God, “and after that they shall come out and worship me in this place.” Then he gave him the covenant of circumcision. And so Abraham[b] became the father of Isaac and circumcised him on the eighth day; and Isaac became the father of Jacob, and Jacob of the twelve patriarchs.

‘The patriarchs, jealous of Joseph, sold him into Egypt; but God was with him, 10 and rescued him from all his afflictions, and enabled him to win favour and to show wisdom when he stood before Pharaoh, king of Egypt, who appointed him ruler over Egypt and over all his household. 11 Now there came a famine throughout Egypt and Canaan, and great suffering, and our ancestors could find no food. 12 But when Jacob heard that there was grain in Egypt, he sent our ancestors there on their first visit. 13 On the second visit Joseph made himself known to his brothers, and Joseph’s family became known to Pharaoh. 14 Then Joseph sent and invited his father Jacob and all his relatives to come to him, seventy-five in all; 15 so Jacob went down to Egypt. He himself died there as well as our ancestors, 16 and their bodies[c] were brought back to Shechem and laid in the tomb that Abraham had bought for a sum of silver from the sons of Hamor in Shechem.

17 ‘But as the time drew near for the fulfilment of the promise that God had made to Abraham, our people in Egypt increased and multiplied 18 until another king who had not known Joseph ruled over Egypt. 19 He dealt craftily with our race and forced our ancestors to abandon their infants so that they would die. 20 At this time Moses was born, and he was beautiful before God. For three months he was brought up in his father’s house; 21 and when he was abandoned, Pharaoh’s daughter adopted him and brought him up as her own son. 22 So Moses was instructed in all the wisdom of the Egyptians and was powerful in his words and deeds.

23 ‘When he was forty years old, it came into his heart to visit his relatives, the Israelites.[d] 24 When he saw one of them being wronged, he defended the oppressed man and avenged him by striking down the Egyptian. 25 He supposed that his kinsfolk would understand that God through him was rescuing them, but they did not understand. 26 The next day he came to some of them as they were quarrelling and tried to reconcile them, saying, “Men, you are brothers; why do you wrong each other?” 27 But the man who was wronging his neighbour pushed Moses[e] aside, saying, “Who made you a ruler and a judge over us? 28 Do you want to kill me as you killed the Egyptian yesterday?” 29 When he heard this, Moses fled and became a resident alien in the land of Midian. There he became the father of two sons.

30 ‘Now when forty years had passed, an angel appeared to him in the wilderness of Mount Sinai, in the flame of a burning bush. 31 When Moses saw it, he was amazed at the sight; and as he approached to look, there came the voice of the Lord: 32 “I am the God of your ancestors, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.” Moses began to tremble and did not dare to look. 33 Then the Lord said to him, “Take off the sandals from your feet, for the place where you are standing is holy ground. 34 I have surely seen the mistreatment of my people who are in Egypt and have heard their groaning, and I have come down to rescue them. Come now, I will send you to Egypt.”

35 ‘It was this Moses whom they rejected when they said, “Who made you a ruler and a judge?” and whom God now sent as both ruler and liberator through the angel who appeared to him in the bush. 36 He led them out, having performed wonders and signs in Egypt, at the Red Sea, and in the wilderness for forty years. 37 This is the Moses who said to the Israelites, “God will raise up a prophet for you from your own people[f] as he raised me up.” 38 He is the one who was in the congregation in the wilderness with the angel who spoke to him at Mount Sinai, and with our ancestors; and he received living oracles to give to us. 39 Our ancestors were unwilling to obey him; instead, they pushed him aside, and in their hearts they turned back to Egypt, 40 saying to Aaron, “Make gods for us who will lead the way for us; as for this Moses who led us out from the land of Egypt, we do not know what has happened to him.” 41 At that time they made a calf, offered a sacrifice to the idol, and revelled in the works of their hands. 42 But God turned away from them and handed them over to worship the host of heaven, as it is written in the book of the prophets:

“Did you offer to me slain victims and sacrifices
    for forty years in the wilderness, O house of Israel?
43 No; you took along the tent of Moloch,
    and the star of your god Rephan,
        the images that you made to worship;
so I will remove you beyond Babylon.”

44 ‘Our ancestors had the tent of testimony in the wilderness, as God[g] directed when he spoke to Moses, ordering him to make it according to the pattern he had seen. 45 Our ancestors in turn brought it in with Joshua when they dispossessed the nations that God drove out before our ancestors. And it was there until the time of David, 46 who found favour with God and asked that he might find a dwelling-place for the house of Jacob.[h] 47 But it was Solomon who built a house for him. 48 Yet the Most High does not dwell in houses made by human hands;[i] as the prophet says,

49 “Heaven is my throne,
    and the earth is my footstool.
What kind of house will you build for me, says the Lord,
    or what is the place of my rest?
50 Did not my hand make all these things?”

51 ‘You stiff-necked people, uncircumcised in heart and ears, you are for ever opposing the Holy Spirit, just as your ancestors used to do. 52 Which of the prophets did your ancestors not persecute? They killed those who foretold the coming of the Righteous One, and now you have become his betrayers and murderers. 53 You are the ones that received the law as ordained by angels, and yet you have not kept it.’

The Stoning of Stephen

54 When they heard these things, they became enraged and ground their teeth at Stephen.[j] 55 But filled with the Holy Spirit, he gazed into heaven and saw the glory of God and Jesus standing at the right hand of God. 56 ‘Look,’ he said, ‘I see the heavens opened and the Son of Man standing at the right hand of God!’ 57 But they covered their ears, and with a loud shout all rushed together against him. 58 Then they dragged him out of the city and began to stone him; and the witnesses laid their coats at the feet of a young man named Saul. 59 While they were stoning Stephen, he prayed, ‘Lord Jesus, receive my spirit.’ 60 Then he knelt down and cried out in a loud voice, ‘Lord, do not hold this sin against them.’ When he had said this, he died.[k]

Footnotes

  1. Acts 7:2 Gk Men, brothers
  2. Acts 7:8 Gk he
  3. Acts 7:16 Gk they
  4. Acts 7:23 Gk his brothers, the sons of Israel
  5. Acts 7:27 Gk him
  6. Acts 7:37 Gk your brothers
  7. Acts 7:44 Gk he
  8. Acts 7:46 Other ancient authorities read for the God of Jacob
  9. Acts 7:48 Gk with hands
  10. Acts 7:54 Gk him
  11. Acts 7:60 Gk fell asleep