司提凡的申辩

大祭司问:“这是真的吗?” 司提凡说:“各位父老兄弟,请听我说!我们的祖先亚伯拉罕还未迁到哈兰之前,住在美索不达米亚,荣耀的上帝向他显现,说, ‘你要离开家乡和亲族,到我要指示你的地方去。’ 亚伯拉罕就离开迦勒底人的地方,在哈兰住了下来。他父亲过世以后,上帝又领他到你们现在居住的这个地方。 当时在这片土地上,上帝没有给他任何产业,他甚至连立足之地也没有。但上帝应许要把这片土地赐给他和他的后裔作产业,尽管那时候亚伯拉罕还没有儿子。 上帝又说,‘你的子孙必流落异乡,受奴役、被虐待四百年。 但我必惩罚奴役他们的国家,之后你的子孙要离开那里,在这片土地上事奉我。’ 上帝又赐下割礼作为祂与亚伯拉罕立约的凭据。亚伯拉罕在以撒出生后的第八天为他行割礼。照样,以撒为他的儿子雅各行了割礼,雅各也为他的儿子——以色列十二位先祖行了割礼。[a]

“先祖们嫉妒自己的弟弟约瑟,把他卖到了埃及。但上帝一直与他同在, 10 救他脱离一切危难,又赐他过人的智慧,使他在埃及法老面前得到恩宠,官拜宰相治理全国,并管理王室。 11 后来,埃及和迦南全境遭遇饥荒,灾情严重,我们的先祖们断了粮。 12 雅各听说埃及有粮,就派先祖们去那里买粮,那是我们的先祖初次去埃及。 13 他们第二次去的时候,约瑟才和弟兄们相认,并且领他们拜见埃及王。 14 后来,约瑟派人去把父亲雅各和全族七十五人都接到埃及。 15 从此以后,雅各和其他先祖们便定居埃及,直到去世。 16 后来他们的遗体被带回示剑,安葬在亚伯拉罕买自哈抹子孙的墓地里。

17 “上帝对亚伯拉罕所应许的日子快到的时侯,以色列人在埃及的人口已大大增加。 18 后来埃及有一位不认识约瑟的新王登基。 19 他用毒计苦害我们的同胞,虐待我们的祖先,强令他们把婴孩抛弃,不让婴孩存活。 20 那时,摩西出生了,他长得俊美非凡。他的父母在家里偷偷地抚养了他三个月, 21 最后不得已才丢弃他。法老的女儿救了他,收为养子。

22 “摩西学会了埃及人一切的学问,成为一个说话办事很有能力的人。 23 他四十岁那年决定去探望自己的同胞以色列人。 24 他到了他们那里,看见一个埃及人正在欺负以色列人,就打抱不平,杀了那个埃及人。 25 摩西以为同胞们会明白上帝要借着他的手拯救他们,可是他们并不明白。 26 第二天,他看见两个以色列人在打架,就上前劝解说,‘大家都是同胞,为什么互相殴打呢?’ 27 不料那个欺负人的推开摩西说,‘谁立你做我们的首领和审判官? 28 难道你要杀我,像昨天杀那个埃及人一样吗?’ 29 摩西听了这话,就逃到米甸寄居,在那里成家,生了两个儿子。

30 “过了四十年,在西奈山的旷野,上帝的天使在荆棘火焰中向摩西显现。 31 摩西见状很惊奇,正要上前看个究竟,就听见主说, 32 ‘我是你祖先的上帝,是亚伯拉罕、以撒、雅各的上帝。’摩西战战兢兢,不敢观看。 33 主又说,‘脱下你脚上的鞋子,因为你所站的地方是圣地。 34 我已清楚看见我子民在埃及所受的苦难,也听见了他们的哀叹,我下来要救他们。你来,我要派你回埃及。’

35 “百姓曾拒绝这位摩西,说,‘谁立你做我们的首领和审判官?’上帝却借着在荆棘中显现的天使亲自差遣他,立他为首领和拯救者。 36 摩西带领以色列人出埃及,过红海,越旷野,四十年间行了许多神迹奇事。 37 就是这位摩西曾对以色列人说,‘上帝要在你们中间兴起一位像我一样的先知。’ 38 这位摩西曾在旷野与以色列的会众——我们的祖先在一起,又在西奈山上与向他传信息的天使在一起,并且领受了生命之道传给我们。

39 “可是我们的祖先不听从他,甚至弃绝他,心里对埃及恋恋不舍。 40 他们请求亚伦说,‘为我们造一些神像来带领我们吧!领我们离开埃及的那个摩西不知怎样了。’ 41 于是,他们造了一个牛犊像,向它献祭,并为自己所做的事沾沾自喜。 42 因此,上帝转脸不顾他们,任由他们祭拜日月星辰,正如先知书的记载,

“‘以色列家啊,
在旷野的四十年间,
你们向我献过祭物和供品吗?
43 你们抬着为自己所造的神像,
就是摩洛的帐篷和理番神明的星,
祭拜它们,
所以我要把你们赶到比巴比伦还远的地方去。’

44 “我们的祖先在旷野的时候,一直带着安放约柜的圣幕,这圣幕是上帝吩咐摩西照他所看见的样式造的。 45 后来我们的祖先承受了圣幕。上帝从我们祖先面前赶走外族人,使他们得到了应许之地。他们同约书亚把圣幕带到那里,一直到大卫的时代。 46 大卫蒙上帝悦纳,祈求为雅各的上帝建造一座圣殿。 47 结果是他的儿子所罗门为上帝建成了圣殿。

48 “其实至高的上帝并不住人造的殿,祂曾借着先知说, 49 ‘天是我的宝座,地是我的脚凳,你们要为我造怎样的殿宇?哪里可作我的安歇之处? 50 这一切不都是我亲手创造的吗?’

51 “你们这些顽固不化、耳不听心不悔的人[b],经常抗拒圣灵,所作所为和你们的祖先如出一辙! 52 哪一位先知没有被你们祖先迫害?那些预言义者——弥赛亚要来的人也被你们的祖先杀害。如今你们竟出卖了那位公义者,杀害了祂! 53 你们接受了上帝借天使所传的律法,竟不遵守!”

司提凡殉道

54 众人听了这番话,怒火中烧,咬牙切齿。 55 司提凡却被圣灵充满,定睛望天,看见上帝的荣耀和站在上帝右边的耶稣。 56 司提凡说:“看啊!我看见天开了,人子站在上帝的右边。”

57 众人大喊大叫,捂着耳朵,蜂拥而上, 58 把司提凡拉到城外,用石头打他。指控他的人把他们的衣服交给一个名叫扫罗的青年看管。 59 在乱石击打之下,司提凡呼求说:“主耶稣啊,接收我的灵魂吧!”然后跪下高声说: 60 “主啊,不要追究他们的罪!”说完后,就断气了。

Footnotes

  1. 7:8 第八节后半部分或译“以撒生雅各,雅各生以色列十二位先祖。”
  2. 7:51 耳不听心不悔的人”希腊文是“心与耳未受割礼的人”。

Stephen’s Sermon

“Is this true?”[a] the high priest asked.

“Brothers and fathers,” he said, “listen: The God of glory appeared to our father Abraham when he was in Mesopotamia, before he settled in Haran,(A) and said to him:

Get out of your country
and away from your relatives,
and come to the land
that I will show you.(B)[b]

“Then he came out of the land of the Chaldeans and settled in Haran. From there, after his father died, God had him move to this land you now live in.(C) He didn’t give him an inheritance in it, not even a foot of ground, but He promised to give it to him as a possession, and to his descendants after him,(D) even though he was childless. God spoke in this way:

His descendants would be strangers
in a foreign country,
and they would enslave
and oppress them 400 years.
I will judge the nation
that they will serve as slaves, God said.
After this, they will come out
and worship Me in this place.(E)[c]

Then He gave him the covenant of circumcision. After this, he fathered Isaac and circumcised(F) him on the eighth day; Isaac did the same with Jacob, and Jacob with the 12 patriarchs.(G)

The Patriarchs in Egypt

“The patriarchs became jealous of Joseph and sold him into Egypt, but God was with him(H) 10 and rescued him out of all his troubles. He gave him favor and wisdom in the sight of Pharaoh, king of Egypt, who appointed him ruler over Egypt and over his whole household.(I) 11 Then a famine and great suffering came over all of Egypt and Canaan,(J) and our ancestors could find no food. 12 When Jacob heard there was grain in Egypt, he sent our ancestors the first time. 13 The second time, Joseph was revealed to his brothers, and Joseph’s family became known to Pharaoh. 14 Joseph then invited his father Jacob and all his relatives, 75 people in all,(K) 15 and Jacob went down to Egypt. He and our ancestors died there,(L) 16 were carried back to Shechem, and were placed in the tomb that Abraham had bought for a sum of silver from the sons of Hamor in Shechem.(M)

Moses, a Rejected Savior

17 “As the time was drawing near to fulfill the promise that God had made to Abraham, the people flourished and multiplied in Egypt(N) 18 until a different king who did not know Joseph ruled over Egypt.[d] 19 He dealt deceitfully with our race and oppressed our ancestors by making them leave their infants outside, so they wouldn’t survive.[e](O) 20 At this time Moses was born, and he was beautiful in God’s sight. He was cared for in his father’s home three months, 21 and when he was left outside, Pharaoh’s daughter adopted and raised him as her own son.(P) 22 So Moses was educated in all the wisdom of the Egyptians and was powerful in his speech and actions.(Q)

23 “As he was approaching the age of 40, he decided[f] to visit his brothers, the Israelites. 24 When he saw one of them being mistreated, he came to his rescue and avenged the oppressed man by striking down the Egyptian. 25 He assumed his brothers would understand that God would give them deliverance through him, but they did not understand. 26 The next day he showed up while they were fighting and tried to reconcile them peacefully, saying, ‘Men, you are brothers. Why are you mistreating each other?’(R)

27 “But the one who was mistreating his neighbor pushed him[g] away, saying:

Who appointed you a ruler and a judge over us? 28 Do you want to kill me, the same way you killed the Egyptian yesterday?(S)[h]

29 “At this disclosure, Moses fled and became an exile in the land of Midian, where he fathered two sons.(T) 30 After 40 years had passed, an angel[i] appeared to him in the wilderness of Mount Sinai, in the flame of a burning bush. 31 When Moses saw it, he was amazed at the sight. As he was approaching to look at it, the voice of the Lord came: 32 I am the God of your fathers—the God of Abraham, of Isaac, and of Jacob.(U)[j] So Moses began to tremble and did not dare to look.

33 “Then the Lord said to him:

Remove the sandals from your feet, for the place where you are standing is holy ground. 34 I have observed the oppression of My people in Egypt; I have heard their groaning and have come down to rescue them. And now, come, I will send you to Egypt.(V)[k]

35 “This Moses, whom they rejected when they said, Who appointed you a ruler and a judge?[l]—this one God sent as a ruler and a redeemer by means of the angel who appeared to him in the bush.(W) 36 This man led them out and performed wonders and signs in the land of Egypt,(X) at the Red Sea, and in the wilderness 40 years.(Y)

Israel’s Rebellion against God

37 “This is the Moses who said to the Israelites, God[m] will raise up for you a Prophet like me from among your brothers.(Z)[n] 38 He is the one who was in the congregation in the wilderness together with the angel who spoke to him on Mount Sinai, and with our ancestors.(AA) He received living oracles to give to us.(AB) 39 Our ancestors were unwilling to obey him, but pushed him away, and in their hearts turned back to Egypt.(AC) 40 They told Aaron:

Make us gods who will go before us. As for this Moses who brought us out of the land of Egypt, we don’t know what’s happened to him.(AD)[o]

41 They even made a calf in those days, offered sacrifice to the idol, and were celebrating what their hands had made.(AE) 42 Then God turned away(AF) and gave them up to worship(AG) the host of heaven, as it is written in the book of the prophets:

House of Israel, did you bring Me offerings and sacrifices
40 years in the wilderness?
43 No, you took up the tent of Moloch[p]
and the star of your god Rephan,[q]
the images that you made to worship.
So I will deport you beyond Babylon!(AH)[r]

God’s Real Tabernacle

44 “Our ancestors had the tabernacle of the testimony in the wilderness, just as He who spoke to Moses commanded him to make it according to the pattern he had seen.(AI) 45 Our ancestors in turn received it and with Joshua brought it in when they dispossessed the nations that God drove out before our fathers,(AJ) until the days of David. 46 He found favor in God’s sight and asked that he might provide a dwelling place for the God[s] of Jacob.(AK) 47 But it was Solomon who built Him a house.(AL) 48 However, the Most High does not dwell in sanctuaries made with hands, as the prophet says:(AM)

49 Heaven is My throne,
and earth My footstool.
What sort of house will you build for Me?
says the Lord,
or what is My resting place?
50 Did not My hand make all these things?(AN)[t]

Resisting the Holy Spirit

51 “You stiff-necked(AO) people with uncircumcised hearts and ears!(AP) You are always resisting the Holy Spirit; as your ancestors did, so do you. 52 Which of the prophets did your fathers not persecute?(AQ) They even killed those who announced beforehand the coming of the Righteous One, whose betrayers and murderers(AR) you have now become. 53 You received the law under the direction of angels(AS) and yet have not kept it.”

The First Christian Martyr

54 When they heard these things, they were enraged in their hearts[u] and gnashed their teeth at him. 55 But Stephen, filled by the Holy Spirit, gazed into heaven. He saw God’s glory, with[v] Jesus standing at the right hand of God,(AT) and he said, 56 “Look! I see the heavens opened and the Son of Man standing at the right hand of God!”(AU)

57 Then they screamed at the top of their voices, covered their ears, and together rushed against him. 58 They threw him out of the city and began to stone(AV) him. And the witnesses laid their robes at the feet of a young man named Saul.(AW) 59 They were stoning Stephen as he called out: “Lord Jesus, receive my spirit!”(AX) 60 Then he knelt down and cried out with a loud voice,(AY) “Lord, do not charge them with this sin!” And saying this, he fell asleep.(AZ)

Footnotes

  1. Acts 7:1 Lit “Are these things so?”
  2. Acts 7:3 Gn 12:1
  3. Acts 7:7 Gn 15:13-14
  4. Acts 7:18 Other mss omit over Egypt
  5. Acts 7:19 A common pagan practice of population control by leaving infants outside to die
  6. Acts 7:23 Lit 40, it came into his heart
  7. Acts 7:27 Moses
  8. Acts 7:28 Ex 2:14
  9. Acts 7:30 Other mss add of the Lord
  10. Acts 7:32 Ex 3:6,15
  11. Acts 7:34 Ex 3:5,7-8,10
  12. Acts 7:35 Ex 2:14
  13. Acts 7:37 Other mss read ‘The Lord your God
  14. Acts 7:37 Dt 18:15
  15. Acts 7:40 Ex 32:1,23
  16. Acts 7:43 Canaanite or Phoenician sky or sun god
  17. Acts 7:43 Perhaps an Assyrian star god—the planet Saturn
  18. Acts 7:43 Am 5:25-27
  19. Acts 7:46 Other mss read house
  20. Acts 7:50 Is 66:1-2
  21. Acts 7:54 Or were cut to the quick
  22. Acts 7:55 Lit and

司提反当众申诉

大祭司就说:“这些事果然有吗?” 司提反说:“诸位父兄请听!当日我们的祖宗亚伯拉罕美索不达米亚,还未住哈兰的时候,荣耀的神向他显现, 对他说:‘你要离开本地和亲族,往我所要指示你的地方去。’ 他就离开迦勒底人之地,住在哈兰。他父亲死了以后,神使他从那里搬到你们现在所住之地。 在这地方,神并没有给他产业,连立足之地也没有给他;但应许要将这地赐给他和他的后裔为业,那时他还没有儿子。 神说他的后裔‘必寄居外邦,那里的人要叫他们做奴仆,苦待他们四百年’。 神又说‘使他们做奴仆的那国,我要惩罚。以后他们要出来,在这地方侍奉我’。 神又赐他割礼的约;于是亚伯拉罕生了以撒,第八日给他行了割礼。以撒雅各雅各生十二位先祖。 先祖嫉妒约瑟,把他卖到埃及去。神却与他同在, 10 救他脱离一切苦难,又使他在埃及王法老面前得恩典、有智慧。法老就派他做埃及国的宰相兼管全家。 11 后来埃及迦南全地遭遇饥荒,大受艰难,我们的祖宗就绝了粮。 12 雅各听见在埃及有粮,就打发我们的祖宗初次往那里去。 13 第二次约瑟与弟兄们相认,他的亲族也被法老知道了。 14 约瑟就打发弟兄请父亲雅各和全家七十五个人都来。 15 于是雅各下了埃及。后来他和我们的祖宗都死在那里, 16 又被带到示剑,葬于亚伯拉罕示剑用银子从哈抹子孙买来的坟墓里。 17 及至神应许亚伯拉罕的日期将到,以色列民在埃及兴盛众多, 18 直到有不晓得约瑟的新王兴起。 19 他用诡计待我们的宗族,苦害我们的祖宗,叫他们丢弃婴孩,使婴孩不能存活。 20 那时,摩西生下来,俊美非凡,在他父亲家里抚养了三个月。 21 他被丢弃的时候,法老的女儿拾了去,养为自己的儿子。 22 摩西学了埃及人一切的学问,说话行事都有才能。 23 他将到四十岁,心中起意去看望他的弟兄以色列人。 24 到了那里,见他们一个人受冤屈,就护庇他,为那受欺压的人报仇,打死了那埃及人。 25 他以为弟兄必明白神是借他的手搭救他们,他们却不明白。 26 第二天遇见两个以色列人争斗,就劝他们和睦,说:‘你们二位是弟兄,为什么彼此欺负呢?’ 27 那欺负邻舍的把他推开,说:‘谁立你做我们的首领和审判官呢? 28 难道你要杀我,像昨天杀那埃及人吗?’ 29 摩西听见这话就逃走了,寄居于米甸,在那里生了两个儿子。 30 过了四十年,在西奈山的旷野,有一位天使从荆棘火焰中向摩西显现。 31 摩西见了那异象,便觉稀奇,正进前观看的时候,有主的声音说: 32 ‘我是你列祖的神,就是亚伯拉罕的神、以撒的神、雅各的神。’摩西战战兢兢,不敢观看。 33 主对他说:‘把你脚上的鞋脱下来,因为你所站之地是圣地。 34 我的百姓在埃及所受的困苦,我实在看见了;他们悲叹的声音,我也听见了。我下来要救他们。你来!我要差你往埃及去。’ 35 摩西就是百姓弃绝说‘谁立你做我们的首领和审判官’的,神却借那在荆棘中显现之使者的手,差派他做首领、做救赎的。 36 这人领百姓出来,在埃及,在红海,在旷野四十年间,行了奇事神迹。 37 那曾对以色列人说‘神要从你们弟兄中间给你们兴起一位先知像我’的,就是这位摩西 38 这人曾在旷野会中和西奈山上与那对他说话的天使同在,又与我们的祖宗同在,并且领受活泼的圣言传给我们。 39 我们的祖宗不肯听从,反弃绝他,心里归向埃及 40 亚伦说:‘你且为我们造些神像,在我们前面引路,因为领我们出埃及地的那个摩西,我们不知道他遭了什么事。’ 41 那时,他们造了一个牛犊,又拿祭物献给那像,欢喜自己手中的工作。 42 神就转脸不顾,任凭他们侍奉天上的日月星辰,正如先知书上所写的说:‘以色列家啊,你们四十年间在旷野,岂是将牺牲和祭物献给我吗? 43 你们抬着摩洛的帐幕和理番神的星,就是你们所造为要敬拜的像。因此,我要把你们迁到巴比伦外去。’ 44 我们的祖宗在旷野有法柜的帐幕,是神吩咐摩西叫他照所看见的样式做的。 45 这帐幕,我们的祖宗相继承受。当神在他们面前赶出外邦人去的时候,他们同约书亚把帐幕搬进承受为业之地,直存到大卫的日子。 46 大卫在神面前蒙恩,祈求为雅各的神预备居所, 47 却是所罗门为神造成殿宇。 48 其实,至高者并不住人手所造的,就如先知所言: 49 ‘主说:“天是我的座位,地是我的脚凳,你们要为我造何等的殿宇?哪里是我安息的地方呢? 50 这一切不都是我手所造的吗?”’ 51 你们这硬着颈项、心与耳未受割礼的人,常时抗拒圣灵!你们的祖宗怎样,你们也怎样。 52 哪一个先知不是你们祖宗逼迫呢?他们也把预先传说那义者要来的人杀了,如今你们又把那义者卖了、杀了。 53 你们受了天使所传的律法,竟不遵守!”

看见神的荣耀

54 众人听见这话,就极其恼怒,向司提反咬牙切齿。 55 司提反被圣灵充满,定睛望天,看见神的荣耀,又看见耶稣站在神的右边, 56 就说:“我看见天开了,人子站在神的右边!”

众人用石打死他

57 众人大声喊叫,捂着耳朵,齐心拥上前去, 58 把他推到城外,用石头打他。作见证的人把衣裳放在一个少年人名叫扫罗的脚前。 59 他们正用石头打的时候,司提反呼吁主说:“求主耶稣接收我的灵魂!” 60 又跪下大声喊着说:“主啊,不要将这罪归于他们!”说了这话就睡了。扫罗也喜悦他被害。