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重建聖殿的工作受攔阻

猶大和便雅憫的敵人聽見被擄回來的人為耶和華以色列的 神重建聖殿, 就前來見所羅巴伯和眾族長,對他們說:“請讓我們與你們一起建造吧!因為我們也像你們那樣尋求你們的 神。自從亞述王以撒哈頓把我們帶上這裡的日子以來,我們一直向他獻祭。” 但所羅巴伯、耶書亞和以色列其餘的族長對他們說:“你們不能與我們一同建築 神的殿,因為波斯王古列王吩咐我們自己為耶和華以色列的 神建殿。” 於是那地方的居民使猶大人的手發軟,驚擾他們的建築工程。 又在波斯王古列的日子,直到波斯王大利烏在位的時候,常常賄買參謀,來敵對猶大人,要破壞他們的建殿計劃。

敵人上奏控告猶大人

亞哈隨魯在位的初期,他們寫了訴狀,控告猶大和耶路撒冷的居民。 在亞達薛西年間,比施蘭、米特利達、他別和其餘的同僚,也上書給波斯王亞達薛西,反對耶路撒冷人,奏文是用亞蘭文寫成,並且翻譯了(“並且翻譯了”指為亞達薛西王翻譯為波斯文字;參18節)。 省長利宏和祕書伸帥寫奏本給亞達薛西王,控告耶路撒冷。奏文如下: 省長利宏、祕書伸帥和他們其餘的同僚:法官、欽差、議員、官長(“法官、欽差、議員、官長”或譯:“底拿人、亞法薩提迦人、他毘拉人、亞法撒人”),亞基衛人、巴比倫人、書珊人,就是以攔人, 10 還有偉大尊貴的亞斯那巴擄來安置在撒瑪利亞城和河西那邊其餘地方的居民,呈上奏文。 11 這就是他們呈給亞達薛西王的奏文副本:“你的臣僕,就是河西那邊的人,上奏亞達薛西王: 12 奏知大王:從你那裡上到我們這裡來的猶大人,已經到了耶路撒冷這座叛逆和邪惡的城;他們進行建造,並且已經修好根基,開始建造城牆。 13 現在奏知大王:如果這城建成,牆垣築好,他們就不再繳稅、進貢和納糧,王的國庫收入必定受損。 14 現在我們既食王家的鹽,不該見王受剝奪,因此上奏稟告王, 15 請王查考先王的記錄,從記錄中查知這城是叛逆的城,對列王和各省都有損害,自古以來,城中常有造反的事,因此這城被拆毀。 16 我們告知王,如果這城建成,牆垣築好,河西那邊的地方就不再是王的了。”

王降旨下令停工

17 王把諭旨送交省長利宏、祕書伸帥,以及其餘住在撒瑪利亞和河西的同僚,說:“願你們平安。 18 你們呈給我們的奏本已經在我面前翻譯和誦讀了。 19 我下令考查,發現這城自古以來反叛列王,城中常有造反叛亂的事。 20 從前大能的君王統治耶路撒冷,治理河西那邊的全地,接受他們繳稅、進貢和納糧。 21 現在你們要下令叫這些人停工,不得重建這城,等候我的諭令。 22 你們要留心,不可疏忽這事,使王的虧損增加。”

23 當亞達薛西王諭旨的副本在利宏和祕書伸帥,以及他們的同僚面前宣讀出來以後,他們就急忙去耶路撒冷到猶大人那裡,用武力強迫他們停工。 24 所以,在耶路撒冷的神殿的工程就停止了,直到波斯王大利烏在位的第二年。

Enemies of the Rebuilding

When the enemies of the people of Judah and Benjamin heard that the returned ·captives [exiles] were building a Temple for the Lord, the God of Israel, they came to Zerubbabel [C a descendant of David; 1 Chr. 3:19] and the ·leaders of the families [L heads of the fathers]. The enemies said, “Let us help you build, because we are like you and ·want to worship [L seek] your God. We have been offering sacrifices to him since the time of Esarhaddon king of Assyria [C 680–669 bc], who brought us here.”

But Zerubbabel, Jeshua [3:2], and the ·leaders [L heads of the fathers] of Israel answered, “You will ·not help us build [have no part in building] a ·Temple [L house] to our God. We will build it ·ourselves [alone] for the Lord, the God of Israel, as King Cyrus, the king of Persia, commanded us to do [1:2–4].”

Then the people around them tried to discourage the people of Judah by making them afraid to build. Their enemies ·hired others [bribed officials] to ·delay [frustrate] the building plans ·during [throughout] the time Cyrus was king of Persia. And it continued to the time Darius was king of Persia [C 522–486 bc].

More Problems for the Builders

When ·Xerxes [L Ahasuerus; C ruled 486–465 bc; Esth. 1:1] first became king, those enemies ·wrote [filed; lodged] a ·letter [L accusation] against the people of Judah and Jerusalem.

When Artaxerxes [C ruled about 465–425 B.C.] became king of Persia, Bishlam, Mithredath, Tabeel, and those with them wrote a letter to Artaxerxes. It was written in the Aramaic language and translated.

Rehum the ·governor [commander] and Shimshai the governor’s ·secretary [scribe] and those with them wrote a letter against Jerusalem to Artaxerxes the king. It said:

This letter is from Rehum the ·governor [commander], Shimshai the ·secretary [scribe], and their ·fellow workers [colleagues]—the judges and important officers over the men who came from Tripolis, Persia, Erech, and Babylon, the Elamite people of Susa, 10 and those whom the great and honorable Ashurbanipal [L Osnappar; C ruled 668–627 bc] ·forced out of their countries [deported] and settled in the city of Samaria and in other places of the Trans-Euphrates [C provinces west of the Euphrates River].

11 (This is a copy of the letter they sent to Artaxerxes.)

To King Artaxerxes.

From your servants who live in Trans-Euphrates [v. 10].

12 King Artaxerxes, you should know that the Jews who came to us from you have gone to Jerusalem to rebuild that evil ·city that refuses to obey [and rebellious city]. They are ·fixing [restoring; rebuilding; finishing] the walls and repairing the foundations of the buildings.

13 Now, King Artaxerxes, ·you should know [L let it be known] that if Jerusalem is ·built [rebuilt] and its walls are ·fixed [completed; restored], Jerusalem will not pay ·taxes of any kind [L tribute, custom, or toll]. Then the ·amount of money your government collects [king’s/royal treasury/revenue] will ·be less [suffer]. 14 Since we ·must be loyal to the government [L eat the palace’s salt], ·we don’t want [it is not proper] to see the king ·dishonored [damaged]. So we ·are writing to let the king know [L send and inform the king]. 15 ·We suggest you […so that you may] search the ·records [annals; archives] of ·the kings who ruled before you [L your fathers/ancestors]. You will find out that the city of Jerusalem ·refuses to obey [L is a rebellious city] and ·makes trouble for kings and areas controlled by Persia [troublesome for kings and provinces]. ·Since long ago it has been a place where disobedience has started [It has a long history of revolts/sedition]. That is why it was destroyed. 16 We want you to know, King Artaxerxes, that if this city is rebuilt and its walls ·fixed [completed; restored], you will be left with ·nothing [no possessions] in Trans-Euphrates [C provinces west of the Euphrates River].

17 King Artaxerxes sent this answer:

To Rehum the ·governor [commander] and Shimshai the ·secretary [scribe], to all their ·fellow workers [colleagues] living in Samaria [C northern Israel], and to those ·in other places in [throughout] Trans-Euphrates [v. 10].

·Greetings [Peace].

18 The ·letter [document] you sent to us has been translated and read ·to me [L in my presence]. 19 I ordered ·the records to be searched [L a search], and it was done. We found that ·Jerusalem [L the city] has a history of ·disobedience to [rising against] kings and has been a place of ·problems and trouble [rebellion and revolt/sedition]. 20 Jerusalem has had powerful kings who have ruled over the whole area of Trans-Euphrates [v. 10], and ·taxes of all kinds [L tribute, custom, and toll] have been paid to them. 21 Now, ·give an order [issue a decree] for those men to stop work. The city of Jerusalem will not be rebuilt until I ·say so [issue a decree]. 22 ·Make sure you do this [Do not neglect this matter], ·because if they continue, it will hurt the government [—why should the danger/damage grow and harm the king?].

23 As soon as a copy of the ·letter [document] that King Artaxerxes sent was read to Rehum and Shimshai the ·secretary [scribe] and ·the others [their colleagues], they went to the Jews in Jerusalem and ·forced them [or compelled them by force of arms] to stop building.

24 So the work on the ·Temple [L house] of God in Jerusalem ·stopped [came to a standstill] until the second year Darius was king of Persia.

Oposición a la construcción

Cuando se enteraron los enemigos de Judá(A) y de Benjamín de que el pueblo del destierro(B) estaba edificando un templo al Señor, Dios de Israel, se presentaron ante Zorobabel y ante los jefes de casas paternas, y les dijeron: «Vamos a edificar con ustedes, porque, como ustedes, buscamos a su Dios(C), y le hemos estado ofreciendo sacrificios desde los días de Esar Hadón, rey de Asiria(D), que nos trajo aquí».

Pero Zorobabel y Jesúa y los demás jefes de casas paternas de Israel les dijeron: «No tienen nada en común con nosotros para que juntos edifiquemos una casa a nuestro Dios, sino que nosotros unidos la edificaremos al Señor, Dios de Israel(E), como nos ordenó el rey Ciro, rey de Persia(F)». Entonces el pueblo de aquella[a] tierra se puso a desanimar al pueblo de Judá, y a atemorizarlos para que dejaran de edificar(G). Tomaron a sueldo consejeros contra ellos para frustrar sus propósitos, todos los días de Ciro, rey de Persia, hasta el reinado de Darío, rey de Persia.

En el reinado de Asuero[b](H), al principio de su reinado, sus enemigos escribieron una acusación contra los habitantes de Judá y de Jerusalén.

Y en los días de Artajerjes, Bislam, Mitrídates, Tabeel y sus demás compañeros escribieron a Artajerjes, rey de Persia, y el texto de la carta estaba en escritura aramea y traducido al arameo(I). [c]El gobernador Rehum y el escriba Simsai, escribieron una carta al rey Artajerjes contra Jerusalén, de esta manera: El gobernador Rehum, el escriba Simsai y sus demás compañeros(J), los jueces y los gobernadores de menos categoría(K), los oficiales, los secretarios, los hombres de Erec, los babilonios, los hombres de Susa, es decir, los elamitas, 10 y las demás naciones que el grande y noble Asnapar deportó y estableció en la ciudad de Samaria, y en el resto de la provincia al otro lado del Río[d].

Y ahora(L) 11 esta es la copia de la carta que le enviaron: «Al rey Artajerjes, de sus siervos, los hombres de la provincia al otro lado del Río: Y ahora 12 sepa el rey que los judíos que salieron por orden suya, han venido a nosotros en Jerusalén; están reedificando la ciudad rebelde y perversa(M), y están terminando las murallas y reparando los cimientos(N). 13 Sepa también el rey, que si esa ciudad es reedificada y las murallas terminadas, ellos no pagarán tributo, ni impuesto, ni peaje(O), lo cual perjudicará los ingresos de los reyes. 14 Y debido a que estamos en el servicio del palacio, y no es apropiado que veamos el desprecio al rey, por eso hemos enviado a hacérselo saber al rey, 15 a fin de que se investigue en el libro de las Memorias de sus padres. Y en el libro de las Memorias hallará y sabrá que esa ciudad es una ciudad rebelde y perjudicial a los reyes y a las provincias, y que en tiempos pasados han surgido rebeliones dentro de ella; por eso fue devastada esa ciudad. 16 Nosotros informamos al rey que si esa ciudad es reedificada y las murallas terminadas, como resultado, el territorio más allá del Río no será suyo».

17 Entonces el rey envió respuesta al gobernador Rehum, al escriba Simsai, y a sus demás compañeros que habitan en Samaria y en las demás provincias al otro lado del Río: «Paz. Y ahora 18 el documento que nos enviaron ha sido leído claramente(P) delante de mí. 19 Y por mí fue proclamado un decreto. Se investigaron los hechos, y se ha descubierto que esa ciudad en tiempos pasados se ha levantado contra los reyes, y que en ella se ha fomentado rebelión e insurrección; 20 que reyes poderosos han reinado(Q) sobre Jerusalén, gobernando todas las provincias más allá del Río(R), y que se les pagaba tributo, impuesto y peaje(S). 21 Ahora pues, proclamen un decreto para que estos hombres paren la obra y que esa ciudad no sea reedificada hasta que se proclame un decreto por mí. 22 Cuídense de no ser negligentes en cumplir este asunto; ¿por qué se ha de aumentar el daño en perjuicio de los reyes?».

23 Así que tan pronto como la copia del documento del rey Artajerjes fue leída delante de Rehum, del escriba Simsai y sus compañeros, fueron a toda prisa a Jerusalén, a los judíos, y por la fuerza los hicieron parar la obra.

24 Entonces cesó la obra en la casa de Dios que estaba en Jerusalén, y quedó suspendida hasta el año segundo del reinado de Darío, rey de Persia.

Footnotes

  1. 4:4 Lit. la.
  2. 4:6 O Jerjes.
  3. 4:8 Los vers. 4:8 hasta 6:18 están escritos en arameo.
  4. 4:10 I.e. Éufrates.

Opposition to the Rebuilding

When the enemies of Judah and Benjamin heard that the exiles were building(A) a temple for the Lord, the God of Israel, they came to Zerubbabel and to the heads of the families and said, “Let us help you build because, like you, we seek your God and have been sacrificing to him since the time of Esarhaddon(B) king of Assyria, who brought us here.”(C)

But Zerubbabel, Joshua and the rest of the heads of the families of Israel answered, “You have no part with us in building a temple to our God. We alone will build it for the Lord, the God of Israel, as King Cyrus, the king of Persia, commanded us.”(D)

Then the peoples around them set out to discourage the people of Judah and make them afraid to go on building.[a](E) They bribed officials to work against them and frustrate their plans during the entire reign of Cyrus king of Persia and down to the reign of Darius king of Persia.

Later Opposition Under Xerxes and Artaxerxes

At the beginning of the reign of Xerxes,[b](F) they lodged an accusation against the people of Judah and Jerusalem.(G)

And in the days of Artaxerxes(H) king of Persia, Bishlam, Mithredath, Tabeel and the rest of his associates wrote a letter to Artaxerxes. The letter was written in Aramaic script and in the Aramaic(I) language.[c][d]

Rehum the commanding officer and Shimshai the secretary wrote a letter against Jerusalem to Artaxerxes the king as follows:

Rehum the commanding officer and Shimshai the secretary, together with the rest of their associates(J)—the judges, officials and administrators over the people from Persia, Uruk(K) and Babylon, the Elamites of Susa,(L) 10 and the other people whom the great and honorable Ashurbanipal(M) deported and settled in the city of Samaria and elsewhere in Trans-Euphrates.(N)

11 (This is a copy of the letter they sent him.)

To King Artaxerxes,

From your servants in Trans-Euphrates:

12 The king should know that the people who came up to us from you have gone to Jerusalem and are rebuilding that rebellious and wicked city. They are restoring the walls and repairing the foundations.(O)

13 Furthermore, the king should know that if this city is built and its walls are restored, no more taxes, tribute or duty(P) will be paid, and eventually the royal revenues will suffer.[e] 14 Now since we are under obligation to the palace and it is not proper for us to see the king dishonored, we are sending this message to inform the king, 15 so that a search may be made in the archives(Q) of your predecessors. In these records you will find that this city is a rebellious city, troublesome to kings and provinces, a place with a long history of sedition. That is why this city was destroyed.(R) 16 We inform the king that if this city is built and its walls are restored, you will be left with nothing in Trans-Euphrates.

17 The king sent this reply:

To Rehum the commanding officer, Shimshai the secretary and the rest of their associates living in Samaria and elsewhere in Trans-Euphrates:(S)

Greetings.

18 The letter you sent us has been read and translated in my presence. 19 I issued an order and a search was made, and it was found that this city has a long history of revolt(T) against kings and has been a place of rebellion and sedition. 20 Jerusalem has had powerful kings ruling over the whole of Trans-Euphrates,(U) and taxes, tribute and duty were paid to them. 21 Now issue an order to these men to stop work, so that this city will not be rebuilt until I so order. 22 Be careful not to neglect this matter. Why let this threat grow, to the detriment of the royal interests?(V)

23 As soon as the copy of the letter of King Artaxerxes was read to Rehum and Shimshai the secretary and their associates,(W) they went immediately to the Jews in Jerusalem and compelled them by force to stop.

24 Thus the work on the house of God in Jerusalem came to a standstill until the second year of the reign of Darius(X) king of Persia.

Footnotes

  1. Ezra 4:4 Or and troubled them as they built
  2. Ezra 4:6 Hebrew Ahasuerus
  3. Ezra 4:7 Or written in Aramaic and translated
  4. Ezra 4:7 The text of 4:8–6:18 is in Aramaic.
  5. Ezra 4:13 The meaning of the Aramaic for this clause is uncertain.