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パリサイ派の重役の1人に、ユダヤ人を指導するニコデモという男がいた。 ある晩のこと、ニコデモはイエスを訪ねてこう言った。「先生、我々はあなたが神からつかわれし方だと知っています。神の助けなしにここまでの奇跡を行うことなどできません」

イエスは答えた。「あなたに言います。全ての人は必ず生まれ変わらなければならない。生まれ変われていない人は、神の国キングダムに入ることができません」

ニコデモが言った。「すでに年老いた男はどうやって生まれ変わることができるのでしょうか?その男が母親の胎に戻り、もう一度生まれることができますか?」

イエスが答えた。「信じなさい!誰でも水と聖霊ホーリースピリットによって産まれないかぎり、神の国キングダムに入ることはできない。 人間の親からは人間の命が生まれるだけです。ですが、聖霊ホーリースピリットが人に与える新しいいのちとは、霊的なものです。 わたしから『生まれ変わらなければならない』と聞いて驚いてはなりません。 風は思うがまま自由に吹きます。風の音が聞こえても、どこから来て、どこへ行くのかなんてわかりません。聖霊ホーリースピリットによって生まれた者も同じです」

ニコデモは尋ねた。「どうやったらそんなことが起こりうるのですか?」

10 イエスが言った。「あなたはイスラエルの重要な教師だというのに、これらのことも分からないのですか? 11 真実を言います・・・わたしたちは自分たちが知っていることを話します。また自分たちが見たものについて話します。しかし、あなた達は私たちが言うことを受け入れません。 12 ここでこの世のことについて話しましたが、あなた達はわたしを信じていません。ですから、わたしが天のことを話しても、わたしを信じないのです! 13 天にいる神のもとへ昇ったことがあるのは、天から降りて来た人の子だけなのです。 14 モーセが荒野で青銅のヘビを掲げたように、人の子も掲げられなければなりません。 15 そのおかげで、人の子を信じる全ての人が、永遠のいのちを手にすることができるのです!

16 そう!このようにして神は大きな愛をこの世に示してくれたのです。それは、神がこの世に自分の1人息子を与えたことによって。その1人息子を信じる全ての人が、死によって滅びるのではなく、永遠のいのちを得るのです! 17 神はこの世に自分の1人息子をつかわしてくれた!それはこの世を裁くためではなく、彼を通してこの世を救うために、神はつかわしたのです! 18 この1人息子を信じる者は無罪となり、信じない者の判決はすでに決まっています。 19 この事実によって彼らは裁かれるのです。この世に光が訪れたにもかかわらず、彼らはその光を愛さなかった。彼らは、光ではなく闇を欲しがったのです。それもこれも、彼らが過ちを犯して生きているせいです。 20 あやまちを犯す者は、光を嫌います。光によって今まで犯した過ちを暴露されたくないからです。 21 しかし、真理を追い求める者は喜んで光のもとに出てきます。光は見せてくれるのです。人々の中で動く神の全ての働きを」

イエスと洗礼者バプティストヨハネ

22 このあと、おともを連れてイエスはユダヤ地方へと向かった。しばらくそこに留まり、洗礼を授けた。 23 洗礼者バプティストヨハネもサマリア地方にあるサリムの北部に位置する水の豊かなアエノンの町で洗礼を授けていた。そのため、洗礼を受けるために人々はそこを訪れていた。 24 これは、洗礼者バプティストヨハネが牢屋に入れられる前のことである・・・

25 ある時、洗礼者バプティストヨハネの弟子と他のユダヤ人との間で、「清めの儀式」のことで議論が繰り広げられていた。 26 弟子たちは洗礼者バプティストヨハネのもとに来た。「先生、ヨルダン川の向こうであなたと一緒にいた方を覚えてますか?先生が全ての人に告げ知らせていた時にいた一人です。彼も洗礼を授けているようで、多くの人が彼のほうに流れているんですよ!」

27 ヨハネは答えた。「人は、神にもらった役割以上のことはできない。 28 俺は救い主メシヤじゃないと言った俺の言葉を、お前たちも聞いただろう。俺は、誰もが『あの方』のもとへ行けるように、ただ道を整えるために神につかわされた身だ。 29 言うならば、俺は花婿はなむこの友人。花嫁が花婿はなむこのところに行くのは当然なこと。友人はそれを見て喜び、彼の頼みは心から行う。これが俺の今の心境だ。これ以上の幸せはない。 30 あの方の存在感が増し、自分の影は薄れていくべきだ!」

天国から来た人

31 「天から来られた者が、他の誰よりも勝るのは当然のこと。この世から生まれた者はこの世の視点で話し、天から来られた者は天の視点で話す。 32 あの方は、見たこと聞いたことをお話しになるが、人は彼の言うことを受け入れない。 33 あの方のことばを受け入れる者は、神が言ったことが真実だと信じている。 34 神はあの方を送られた。そして、彼はいつも神からのことばを持っている。なぜなら、神は彼に限界のない霊を与えるからだ。 35 父親は、そのひとり子を愛しているからこそ、そのひとり子に全ての権限をお与えになった。 36 ひとり子を信頼する者は、永遠のいのちを持つ。だが、ひとり子に従わない者は、そのいのちを持つことはない。そういった人々は神の怒りから逃げることはできないのだ」

A Meeting with Nicodemus

Now there was a man of the Pharisees whose name was[a] Nicodemus, a ruler of the Jews. This man came to him at night and said to him, “Rabbi, we know that you are[b] a teacher who has come from God, for no one is able to perform these signs that you are performing unless God were with him.” Jesus answered and said to him, “Truly, truly I say to you, unless someone is born from above,[c] he is not able to see the kingdom of God.” Nicodemus said to him, “How can a man be born when he is an old man? He is not able to enter into his mother’s womb for the second time and be born, can he?”[d]

Jesus answered, “Truly, truly I say to you, unless someone is born of water and spirit, he is not able to enter into the kingdom of God. What is born of the flesh is flesh, and what is born of the Spirit is spirit. Do not be astonished that I said to you, ‘It is necessary for you to be born from above.’[e] The wind blows wherever it wishes, and you hear the sound of it, but you do not know where it comes from and where it is going. So is everyone who is born of the Spirit.”

Nicodemus answered and said to him, “How can these things be?” 10 Jesus answered and said to him, “Are you the teacher of Israel, and you do not understand these things? 11 Truly, truly I say to you, we speak what we know, and we testify about what we have seen, and you do not accept our testimony! 12 If I tell you earthly things and you do not believe, how will you believe if I tell you heavenly things? 13 And no one has ascended into heaven except the one who descended from heaven—the Son of Man. 14 And just as Moses lifted up the snake in the wilderness,[f] thus it is necessary that the Son of Man be lifted up, 15 so that everyone who believes in him will have eternal life.”[g]

God’s Love for the World

16 For in this way God loved the world, so that he gave his one and only Son, in order that everyone who believes in him will not perish, but will have eternal life. 17 For God did not send his Son into the world in order that he should judge[h] the world, but in order that the world should be saved through him. 18 The one who believes in him is not judged,[i] but the one who does not believe has already been judged,[j] because he has not believed in the name of the one and only Son of God. 19 And this is the judgment: that the light has come into the world, and people loved the darkness rather than the light, because their deeds were evil. 20 For everyone who practices evil hates the light and does not come to the light, lest his deeds be exposed. 21 But the one who practices the truth comes to the light, in order that his deeds may be revealed, that they are done in God.

Additional Testimony by John the Baptist About Jesus

22 After these things Jesus and his disciples came into Judean territory, and there he spent time with them and was baptizing. 23 Now John was also baptizing at Aenon near Salim, because water was plentiful there, and they were coming and were being baptized. 24 (For John had not yet been thrown into prison.)

25 So a dispute occurred on the part of John’s disciples with a Jew[k] concerning purification. 26 And they came to John and said to him, “Rabbi, he who was with you on the other side of the Jordan, about whom you testified—look, this one is baptizing, and all are coming to him!”

27 John answered and said, “A man can receive not one thing unless it is granted to him from heaven! 28 You yourselves testify about me that I said, ‘I am not the Christ, but I am sent before that one.’ 29 The one who has the bride is the bridegroom. But the friend of the bridegroom, who stands and hears him, rejoices greatly[l] because of the bridegroom’s voice. So this joy of mine is complete. 30 It is necessary for that one to increase, but for me to decrease.”

31 The one who comes from above is over all. The one who is from the earth is from the earth and speaks from the earth; the one who comes from heaven is over all. 32 What he has seen and heard, this he testifies, and no one accepts his testimony. 33 The one who accepts his testimony has attested that God is true. 34 For the one whom God sent speaks the words of God, for he does not give the Spirit by measure. 35 The Father loves the Son and has given all things into his hand. 36 The one who believes in the Son has eternal life, but the one who disobeys the Son will not see life—but the wrath of God remains on him.[m]

Footnotes

  1. John 3:1 Literally “the name to him”
  2. John 3:2 Here both the pronoun and verb are understood in Greek and are supplied in the translation
  3. John 3:3 The same Greek word can mean either “from above” or “again,” which allows for the misunderstanding by Nicodemus here; Jesus was speaking of new birth “from above,” while Nicodemus misunderstood him to mean a second physical birth
  4. John 3:4 *The negative construction in Greek anticipates a negative answer here, indicated in the translation by the phrase “can he
  5. John 3:7 The same Greek word can mean either “from above” or “again” (see also v. 3)
  6. John 3:14 An allusion to Num 21:5–9
  7. John 3:15 Some interpreters and Bible translations extend the quotation of Jesus’ words through v. 21
  8. John 3:17 Or “he should condemn”
  9. John 3:18 Or “condemned”
  10. John 3:18 Or “been condemned”
  11. John 3:25 Some significant early manuscripts read “the Jews”
  12. John 3:29 Literally “with joy”
  13. John 3:36 Some interpreters and Bible translations extend the quotation of John the Baptist’s words through v. 36

You Must Be Born Again

Now there was a man of the Pharisees named (A)Nicodemus, (B)a ruler of the Jews. This man came to Jesus[a] (C)by night and said to him, (D)“Rabbi, (E)we know that you are a teacher come from God, for no one can do these signs that you do (F)unless God is with him.” Jesus answered him, “Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is (G)born (H)again[b] he cannot (I)see the kingdom of God.” Nicodemus said to him, “How can a man be born when he is old? Can he enter a second time into his mother's womb and be born?” Jesus answered, “Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born (J)of water and the Spirit, he cannot enter the kingdom of God. (K)That which is born of the flesh is (L)flesh, and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit.[c] (M)Do not marvel that I said to you, ‘You[d] must be born (N)again.’ (O)The wind[e] blows (P)where it wishes, and you hear its sound, but you do not know where it comes from or where it goes. So it is with everyone who is born of the Spirit.”

Nicodemus said to him, (Q)“How can these things be?” 10 Jesus answered him, “Are you the teacher of Israel (R)and yet you do not understand these things? 11 Truly, truly, I say to you, (S)we speak of what we know, and bear witness to what we have seen, but (T)you[f] do not receive our testimony. 12 If I have told you earthly things and you do not believe, how can you believe if I tell you heavenly things? 13 (U)No one has (V)ascended into heaven except (W)he who descended from heaven, the Son of Man.[g] 14 And (X)as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, so must the Son of Man (Y)be lifted up, 15 that whoever believes (Z)in him (AA)may have eternal life.[h]

For God So Loved the World

16 “For (AB)God so loved (AC)the world,[i] (AD)that he gave his only Son, that whoever believes in him should not (AE)perish but have eternal life. 17 For (AF)God did not send his Son into the world (AG)to condemn the world, but in order that the world might be saved through him. 18 (AH)Whoever believes in him is not condemned, but whoever does not believe is condemned already, because he has not (AI)believed in the name of the only Son of God. 19 (AJ)And this is the judgment: (AK)the light has come into the world, and (AL)people loved the darkness rather than the light because (AM)their works were evil. 20 (AN)For everyone who does wicked things hates the light and does not come to the light, (AO)lest his works should be exposed. 21 But whoever (AP)does what is true (AQ)comes to the light, so that it may be clearly seen that his works have been carried out in God.”

John the Baptist Exalts Christ

22 After this Jesus and his disciples went into the Judean countryside, and he remained there with them and (AR)was baptizing. 23 John also was baptizing at Aenon near Salim, because water was plentiful there, and people were coming and being baptized 24 (for (AS)John had not yet been put in prison).

25 Now a discussion arose between some of John's disciples and a Jew over (AT)purification. 26 And they came to John and said to him, (AU)“Rabbi, he who was with you across the Jordan, (AV)to whom you bore witness—look, he is baptizing, and (AW)all are going to him.” 27 John answered, (AX)“A person cannot receive even one thing (AY)unless it is given him (AZ)from heaven. 28 You yourselves bear me witness, that I said, (BA)‘I am not the Christ, but (BB)I have been sent before him.’ 29 (BC)The one who has the bride is the bridegroom. (BD)The friend of the bridegroom, who stands and hears him, (BE)rejoices greatly at the bridegroom's voice. Therefore this joy of mine is now complete. 30 (BF)He must increase, but I must decrease.”[j]

31 (BG)He who comes from above (BH)is above all. He who is of the earth belongs to the earth and (BI)speaks in an earthly way. (BJ)He who comes from heaven (BK)is above all. 32 (BL)He bears witness to what he has seen and heard, (BM)yet no one receives his testimony. 33 Whoever receives his testimony (BN)sets his seal to this, (BO)that God is true. 34 For he whom (BP)God has sent utters the words of God, for he gives the Spirit (BQ)without measure. 35 (BR)The Father loves the Son and (BS)has given all things into his hand. 36 (BT)Whoever believes in the Son has eternal life; (BU)whoever does not obey the Son shall not (BV)see life, but the wrath of God remains on him.

Footnotes

  1. John 3:2 Greek him
  2. John 3:3 Or from above; the Greek is purposely ambiguous and can mean both again and from above; also verse 7
  3. John 3:6 The same Greek word means both wind and spirit
  4. John 3:7 The Greek for you is plural here
  5. John 3:8 The same Greek word means both wind and spirit
  6. John 3:11 The Greek for you is plural here; also four times in verse 12
  7. John 3:13 Some manuscripts add who is in heaven
  8. John 3:15 Some interpreters hold that the quotation ends at verse 15
  9. John 3:16 Or For this is how God loved the world
  10. John 3:30 Some interpreters hold that the quotation continues through verse 36

Jesus Teaches Nicodemus

Now there was a Pharisee, a man named Nicodemus(A) who was a member of the Jewish ruling council.(B) He came to Jesus at night and said, “Rabbi,(C) we know(D) that you are a teacher who has come from God. For no one could perform the signs(E) you are doing if God were not with him.”(F)

Jesus replied, “Very truly I tell you, no one can see the kingdom of God unless they are born again.[a](G)

“How can someone be born when they are old?” Nicodemus asked. “Surely they cannot enter a second time into their mother’s womb to be born!”

Jesus answered, “Very truly I tell you, no one can enter the kingdom of God unless they are born of water and the Spirit.(H) Flesh gives birth to flesh, but the Spirit[b] gives birth to spirit.(I) You should not be surprised at my saying, ‘You[c] must be born again.’ The wind blows wherever it pleases. You hear its sound, but you cannot tell where it comes from or where it is going. So it is with everyone born of the Spirit.”[d](J)

“How can this be?”(K) Nicodemus asked.

10 “You are Israel’s teacher,”(L) said Jesus, “and do you not understand these things? 11 Very truly I tell you, we speak of what we know,(M) and we testify to what we have seen, but still you people do not accept our testimony.(N) 12 I have spoken to you of earthly things and you do not believe; how then will you believe if I speak of heavenly things? 13 No one has ever gone into heaven(O) except the one who came from heaven(P)—the Son of Man.[e](Q) 14 Just as Moses lifted up the snake in the wilderness,(R) so the Son of Man must be lifted up,[f](S) 15 that everyone who believes(T) may have eternal life in him.”[g](U)

16 For God so loved(V) the world that he gave(W) his one and only Son,(X) that whoever believes(Y) in him shall not perish but have eternal life.(Z) 17 For God did not send his Son into the world(AA) to condemn the world, but to save the world through him.(AB) 18 Whoever believes in him is not condemned,(AC) but whoever does not believe stands condemned already because they have not believed in the name of God’s one and only Son.(AD) 19 This is the verdict: Light(AE) has come into the world, but people loved darkness instead of light because their deeds were evil.(AF) 20 Everyone who does evil hates the light, and will not come into the light for fear that their deeds will be exposed.(AG) 21 But whoever lives by the truth comes into the light, so that it may be seen plainly that what they have done has been done in the sight of God.

John Testifies Again About Jesus

22 After this, Jesus and his disciples went out into the Judean countryside, where he spent some time with them, and baptized.(AH) 23 Now John(AI) also was baptizing at Aenon near Salim, because there was plenty of water, and people were coming and being baptized. 24 (This was before John was put in prison.)(AJ) 25 An argument developed between some of John’s disciples and a certain Jew over the matter of ceremonial washing.(AK) 26 They came to John and said to him, “Rabbi,(AL) that man who was with you on the other side of the Jordan—the one you testified(AM) about—look, he is baptizing, and everyone is going to him.”

27 To this John replied, “A person can receive only what is given them from heaven. 28 You yourselves can testify that I said, ‘I am not the Messiah but am sent ahead of him.’(AN) 29 The bride belongs to the bridegroom.(AO) The friend who attends the bridegroom waits and listens for him, and is full of joy when he hears the bridegroom’s voice. That joy is mine, and it is now complete.(AP) 30 He must become greater; I must become less.”[h]

31 The one who comes from above(AQ) is above all; the one who is from the earth belongs to the earth, and speaks as one from the earth.(AR) The one who comes from heaven is above all. 32 He testifies to what he has seen and heard,(AS) but no one accepts his testimony.(AT) 33 Whoever has accepted it has certified that God is truthful. 34 For the one whom God has sent(AU) speaks the words of God, for God[i] gives the Spirit(AV) without limit. 35 The Father loves the Son and has placed everything in his hands.(AW) 36 Whoever believes in the Son has eternal life,(AX) but whoever rejects the Son will not see life, for God’s wrath remains on them.

Footnotes

  1. John 3:3 The Greek for again also means from above; also in verse 7.
  2. John 3:6 Or but spirit
  3. John 3:7 The Greek is plural.
  4. John 3:8 The Greek for Spirit is the same as that for wind.
  5. John 3:13 Some manuscripts Man, who is in heaven
  6. John 3:14 The Greek for lifted up also means exalted.
  7. John 3:15 Some interpreters end the quotation with verse 21.
  8. John 3:30 Some interpreters end the quotation with verse 36.
  9. John 3:34 Greek he