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クロス王の布告

ペルシヤ王クロスの治世の元年に、主はエレミヤの預言を実現するために、クロス王の心を動かし、彼によって帝国中に公文書をもって次のようなおふれを出させました。

「ペルシヤ王クロスはここに布告する。広大な領土を私にお与えくださった天の神は、今、私にユダのエルサレムに神殿を建てよとお告げになった。 わが帝国にいるユダヤ人は直ちにエルサレムへ帰り、イスラエルとエルサレムの神、主の神殿を建てるがよい。あなたがたの上に主の祝福があるように。 帰還しない者は帰還する者の費用を負担し、衣服、旅費、旅じたくの費用を援助するようにせよ。そして、神殿建築のためにも、進んでささげ物をささげよ。」

こうして、ユダ族とベニヤミン族の指導者たち、祭司やレビ人たちは、神に心を駆り立てられ、神殿の再建を目指して、すぐにエルサレムへの帰途につきました。 ペルシヤに残ることにした人々はみな、帰る者への援助を惜しまず、彼らに神殿へのささげ物を託しました。

クロス王自身も、ネブカデネザルがエルサレムの神殿から持って来て自国の神殿に納めていた金の鉢や高価な祭具類を寄贈しました。 彼は宝物係ミテレダテにそれらを確認させたのち、引き揚げ団の指導者シェシュバツァル(ゼルバベル)の手に渡しました。

9-10 その目録は次のとおりです。金の皿三十枚、銀の皿千枚、香炉二十九点、金の鉢三十個、種々のデザインの銀の鉢四百十個、その他の用具一千点。 11 それらを含め全部で五千四百点の金銀の用具が、シェシュバツァルの手でエルサレムに持ち帰られることになりました。

塞鲁士下令犹太人回国

波斯王塞鲁士元年,耶和华为要应验祂借耶利米所说的话,就感动波斯王塞鲁士,使他下诏通告全国:

“波斯王塞鲁士如此说,‘天上的上帝耶和华已把天下万国都赐给我,祂吩咐我在犹大的耶路撒冷为祂建造殿宇。 你们当中凡是耶和华的子民,都可以去犹大的耶路撒冷,为住在耶路撒冷的以色列的上帝耶和华建殿,愿上帝与他们同在! 凡留下不回国的人,无论住在哪里,都要用金银、财物和牲畜帮助同区那些将要回国的人,此外还要为耶路撒冷的上帝的殿献上自愿献的礼物。’”

于是,犹大和便雅悯的族长、祭司和利未人——所有被上帝感动的人都准备上耶路撒冷重建耶和华的殿。 他们周围的人除了献上自愿献的礼物外,还拿出银器、金子、财物、牲畜和珍宝来支持他们。 巴比伦王尼布甲尼撒曾从耶路撒冷耶和华的殿里带回珍贵的器皿,放在自己神明的庙里。波斯王塞鲁士将这些器皿取出来, 派财政大臣米提利达如数交给犹大的首领设巴萨: 三十个金盘、一千个银盘、二十九把刀、 10 三十个金碗、四百一十个次等银碗及一千件其他器皿, 11 共有五千四百件金银器皿。被掳者从巴比伦上耶路撒冷时,设巴萨把这些器皿一并带去。

Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of the Lord by the mouth of Jeremiah might be fulfilled, the Lord stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and put it also in writing, saying,

Thus saith Cyrus king of Persia, The Lord God of heaven hath given me all the kingdoms of the earth; and he hath charged me to build him an house at Jerusalem, which is in Judah.

Who is there among you of all his people? his God be with him, and let him go up to Jerusalem, which is in Judah, and build the house of the Lord God of Israel, (he is the God,) which is in Jerusalem.

And whosoever remaineth in any place where he sojourneth, let the men of his place help him with silver, and with gold, and with goods, and with beasts, beside the freewill offering for the house of God that is in Jerusalem.

Then rose up the chief of the fathers of Judah and Benjamin, and the priests, and the Levites, with all them whose spirit God had raised, to go up to build the house of the Lord which is in Jerusalem.

And all they that were about them strengthened their hands with vessels of silver, with gold, with goods, and with beasts, and with precious things, beside all that was willingly offered.

Also Cyrus the king brought forth the vessels of the house of the Lord, which Nebuchadnezzar had brought forth out of Jerusalem, and had put them in the house of his gods;

Even those did Cyrus king of Persia bring forth by the hand of Mithredath the treasurer, and numbered them unto Sheshbazzar, the prince of Judah.

And this is the number of them: thirty chargers of gold, a thousand chargers of silver, nine and twenty knives,

10 Thirty basons of gold, silver basons of a second sort four hundred and ten, and other vessels a thousand.

11 All the vessels of gold and of silver were five thousand and four hundred. All these did Sheshbazzar bring up with them of the captivity that were brought up from Babylon unto Jerusalem.

I. The Return from Exile

Chapter 1

The Decree of Cyrus. (A)In the first year of Cyrus,[a] king of Persia, in order to fulfill the word of the Lord spoken by Jeremiah, the Lord stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia to issue a proclamation throughout his entire kingdom, both by word of mouth and in writing: “Thus says Cyrus, king of Persia: ‘All the kingdoms of the earth the Lord, the God of heaven,[b] has given to me, and he has charged me to build him a house in Jerusalem, which is in Judah. Those among you who belong to any part of his people, may their God be with them! Let them go up to Jerusalem in Judah to build the house of the Lord the God of Israel, that is, the God who is in Jerusalem. Let all those who have survived, in whatever place they may have lived, be assisted by the people of that place with silver, gold, goods, and livestock, together with voluntary offerings for the house of God in Jerusalem.’”

Then the heads of ancestral houses[c] of Judah and Benjamin and the priests and Levites—everyone, that is, whose spirit had been stirred up by God—prepared to go up to build the house of the Lord in Jerusalem. (B)All their neighbors gave them help in every way, with silver, gold, goods, livestock, and many precious gifts, besides all their voluntary offerings. (C)King Cyrus, too, had the vessels of the house of the Lord brought forth that Nebuchadnezzar had taken from Jerusalem and placed in the house of his god. Cyrus, king of Persia, had them brought forth by the treasurer Mithredath, who counted them out to Sheshbazzar, prince of Judah.[d] This was the inventory: baskets of goldware, thirty; baskets of silverware, one thousand and twenty-nine; 10 golden bowls, thirty; silver bowls, four hundred and ten; other vessels, one thousand. 11 Total of the gold and silver vessels: five thousand four hundred.[e] All these Sheshbazzar took with him when the exiles were brought up from Babylon to Jerusalem.

Footnotes

  1. 1:1 In the first year of Cyrus: the first regnal year of Cyrus was 539 B.C., but his first year as ruler of Babylon, after the conquest of that city, was 538 B.C., the year in which he issued an edict, replicated on the famous Cyrus cylinder, permitting the repatriation of peoples deported by the Babylonians.
  2. 1:2 The God of heaven: this title, used as in 7:12, 21, 23, corresponds to a title of the Zoroastrian supreme deity Ahura Mazda, though it is not certain that Cyrus was a Zoroastrian.
  3. 1:5 Heads of ancestral houses: the ancestral house was the basic organizational unit of the postexilic community, consisting of an extended kinship group claiming descent from a common ancestor. The patriarchs of these units played an important role in civic government.
  4. 1:8 Sheshbazzar, prince of Judah: often identified with Shenassar, fourth son of Jehoiachin, king of Judah, exiled in 598 B.C. (see 1 Chr 3:17–18), and therefore the uncle of Zerubbabel (Ezr 3:2–4). This identification is uncertain.
  5. 1:11 Five thousand four hundred: either this figure or the figures given for one or more of the items listed have been corrupted in the transmission of the text.