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Мк 12
Священное Писание (Восточный перевод), версия для Таджикистана

Притча о злых виноградарях(A)

12 И Он стал говорить с ними притчами.

– Один человек посадил виноградник, обнёс его забором, выкопал яму для давильни[a] и построил сторожевую башню.[b] Он отдал виноградник внаём виноградарям, а сам уехал в далёкую страну. 2 Когда пришло время, он послал раба к виноградарям, чтобы тот забрал у них причитающуюся ему часть урожая. 3 Но виноградари схватили раба, избили и отослали с пустыми руками. 4 Тогда хозяин послал к ним другого раба; но они разбили ему голову и издевались над ним. 5 Хозяин послал ещё одного раба; его виноградари убили. Он посылал ещё многих рабов, но виноградари одних избивали, других убивали. 6 В конце концов у хозяина остался только его единственный любимый сын. Он послал его к ним последним. «Сына-то моего они устыдятся», – думал он. 7 Но виноградари сказали друг другу: «Это наследник. Давайте убьём его, и наследство будет нашим». 8 Они схватили его, убили и выбросили его из виноградника. 9 Что же сделает хозяин виноградника? Конечно же, он придёт и убьёт виноградарей, а виноградник отдаст другим. 10 Разве вы не читали в Писании:

«Камень, который отвергли строители,
    стал краеугольным.
11 Это совершил Вечный,
    и как это удивительно для нас!»[c]

12 Когда предводители народа поняли, что эту притчу Исо рассказал о них, они хотели арестовать Его, но побоялись народа. Поэтому они оставили Его и ушли.

Вопрос об уплате налогов(B)

13 Потом они подослали к Исо блюстителей Закона и сторонников правителя Ирода, чтобы те поймали Его на слове. 14 Подойдя к Исо, они сказали:

– Учитель! Мы знаем, что Ты Человек честный и не стремишься никому угодить. Ты беспристрастен и истинно учишь пути Всевышнего. Следует ли платить налог римскому императору или нет? Платить нам или не платить?

15 Исо, зная их лицемерие, сказал:

– Вы хотите поймать Меня на слове? Принесите Мне посмотреть серебряную монету[d].

16 Ему принесли монету, и Он спросил:

– Кто на ней изображён и чьё на ней имя?

– Императора, – ответили они.

17 – Отдавайте императору то, что принадлежит императору, а Всевышнему – то, что принадлежит Всевышнему, – сказал им Исо. Они были поражены Его ответом.

Вопрос о воскресении мёртвых(C)

18 К Исо подошли саддукеи[e], которые утверждают, что нет воскресения мёртвых. Они спросили Его:

19 – Учитель, Мусо написал, что если у кого-либо умрёт брат, оставив жену, но не оставив детей, то он должен жениться на вдове и восстановить род своему брату.[f] 20 Было семеро братьев. Первый женился и умер, не оставив потомства. 21 На вдове женился его брат и тоже умер, не оставив потомства. То же самое произошло и с третьим. 22 Брали её за себя все семеро, и никто из них не оставил после себя детей. После всех умерла и женщина. 23 Чьей женой будет эта женщина после воскресения? Ведь все семеро были женаты на ней.

24 Исо ответил им:

– Не потому ли вы заблуждаетесь, что не знаете ни Писания, ни силы Всевышнего? 25 Воскресшие из мёртвых не будут ни жениться, ни выходить замуж, а будут как ангелы на небесах. 26 А о том, что мёртвые воскресают, разве вы не читали в Тавроте, в книге Мусо, историю о терновом кусте? Там Всевышний сказал Мусо: «Я – Бог Иброхима, Бог Исхока и Бог Якуба»[g]. 27 Он Бог не мёртвых, а живых. Вы глубоко заблуждаетесь.

Самое важное повеление(D)

28 Один из учителей Таврота, слушая этот спор, заметил, как хорошо ответил Исо, и спросил у Него:

– Какое из повелений в Законе самое важное?

29 Исо ответил:

– Самое важное повеление – это: «Слушай, Исроил! Вечный, наш Бог, – единый Бог.[h] 30 Люби Вечного, Бога твоего, всем сердцем и всей душой, всем разумом и всеми силами своими»[i]. 31 Второе повеление: «Люби ближнего твоего, как самого себя»[j]. Нет повелений важнее этих двух.

32 Учитель Таврота сказал:

– Прекрасно, Учитель. Ты прав, говоря, что Всевышний один, и нет другого Бога, кроме Него. 33 Любить Его всем сердцем, всем разумом, всеми силами и любить ближнего, как самого себя, – это важнее, чем все всесожжения и жертвы.

34 Исо, видя, как разумно ответил учитель Таврота, сказал ему:

– Недалеко ты от Царства Всевышнего.

С тех пор никто больше не решался задавать Ему вопросы.

Масех – Повелитель Довуда(E)

35 Продолжая учить в храме, Исо сказал:

– Почему учители Таврота говорят, что Масех – лишь сын Довуда? 36 Ведь сам Довуд сказал под водительством Святого Духа:

«Вечный сказал моему Повелителю:
    сядь по правую руку от Меня,
пока Я не повергну всех врагов Твоих
    к ногам Твоим»[k].

37 Сам Довуд называет Масеха Повелителем. Как же в таком случае Он может быть всего лишь его сыном?

Большая толпа слушала Исо с радостью.

Предостережение от лицемерия(F)

38 А Он учил:

– Остерегайтесь учителей Таврота. Они любят наряжаться в длинные одежды и любят, когда их приветствуют в людных местах. 39 Они сидят на самых почётных местах в молитвенных домах и на званых обедах. 40 Они разоряют дома вдов и напоказ долго молятся. Таких ждёт очень суровое наказание.

Щедрое пожертвование бедной вдовы(G)

41 Сев напротив сокровищницы храма, Исо смотрел, как люди кладут в неё деньги. Многие богачи бросали помногу. 42 Но вот подошла бедная вдова и бросила две медные монетки[l]. 43 Исо подозвал учеников и сказал им:

– Говорю вам истину, эта бедная вдова положила больше всех, кто клал в сокровищницу, 44 потому что все давали от своего избытка, а она от своей нищеты положила всё, что у неё было на жизнь.

Footnotes

  1. Мк 12:1 Давильня – в те времена виноград давили в особых углублениях, высеченных в скале, откуда сок вытекал через специальное отверстие.
  2. Мк 12:1 Ср. Ис. 5:1-7.
  3. Мк 12:11 Заб. 117:22-23.
  4. Мк 12:15 Букв.: «динарий».
  5. Мк 12:18 Саддукеи – аристократическая религиозная партия иудеев, члены которой отвергали идею воскресения мёртвых, не верили в ангелов и в духов. Саддукеи имели огромное влияние в Высшем Совете иудеев.
  6. Мк 12:19 См. Втор. 25:5-6.
  7. Мк 12:26 Исх. 3:6.
  8. Мк 12:29 Или: «Вечный, наш Бог, – единственный Бог»; или: «Только Вечный, наш Бог, есть Бог».
  9. Мк 12:30 Втор. 6:4-5.
  10. Мк 12:31 Лев. 19:18.
  11. Мк 12:36 Заб. 109:1.
  12. Мк 12:42 Букв.: «две лепты, что составляет один кодрант». Это была просто мизерная сумма.
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Mark 12
New King James Version

The Parable of the Wicked Vinedressers(A)

12 Then (B)He began to speak to them in parables: “A man planted a vineyard and set a hedge around it, dug a place for the wine vat and built a tower. And he leased it to [a]vinedressers and went into a far country. 2 Now at vintage-time he sent a servant to the vinedressers, that he might receive some of the fruit of the vineyard from the vinedressers. 3 And they took him and beat him and sent him away empty-handed. 4 Again he sent them another servant, [b]and at him they threw stones, wounded him in the head, and sent him away shamefully treated. 5 And again he sent another, and him they killed; and many others, (C)beating some and killing some. 6 Therefore still having one son, his beloved, he also sent him to them last, saying, ‘They will respect my son.’ 7 But those [c]vinedressers said among themselves, ‘This is the heir. Come, let us kill him, and the inheritance will be ours.’ 8 So they took him and (D)killed him and cast him out of the vineyard.

9 “Therefore what will the owner of the vineyard do? He will come and destroy the vinedressers, and give the vineyard to others. 10 Have you not even read this Scripture:

(E)‘The stone which the builders rejected
Has become the chief cornerstone.
11 This was the Lord’s doing,
And it is marvelous in our eyes’?”

12 (F)And they sought to lay hands on Him, but feared the multitude, for they knew He had spoken the parable against them. So they left Him and went away.

The Pharisees: Is It Lawful to Pay Taxes to Caesar?(G)

13 (H)Then they sent to Him some of the Pharisees and the Herodians, to catch Him in His words. 14 When they had come, they said to Him, “Teacher, we know that You are true, and [d]care about no one; for You do not [e]regard the person of men, but teach the (I)way of God in truth. Is it lawful to pay taxes to Caesar, or not? 15 Shall we pay, or shall we not pay?”

But He, knowing their (J)hypocrisy, said to them, “Why do you test Me? Bring Me a denarius that I may see it.” 16 So they brought it.

And He said to them, “Whose image and inscription is this?” They said to Him, “Caesar’s.”

17 And Jesus answered and said to them, [f]“Render to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to (K)God the things that are God’s.”

And they marveled at Him.

The Sadducees: What About the Resurrection?(L)

18 (M)Then some Sadducees, (N)who say there is no resurrection, came to Him; and they asked Him, saying: 19 “Teacher, (O)Moses wrote to us that if a man’s brother dies, and leaves his wife behind, and leaves no children, his brother should take his wife and raise up offspring for his brother. 20 Now there were seven brothers. The first took a wife; and dying, he left no offspring. 21 And the second took her, and he died; nor did he leave any offspring. And the third likewise. 22 So the seven had her and left no offspring. Last of all the woman died also. 23 Therefore, in the resurrection, when they rise, whose wife will she be? For all seven had her as wife.”

24 Jesus answered and said to them, “Are you not therefore [g]mistaken, because you do not know the Scriptures nor the power of God? 25 For when they rise from the dead, they neither marry nor are given in marriage, but (P)are like angels in heaven. 26 But concerning the dead, that they (Q)rise, have you not read in the book of Moses, in the burning bush passage, how God spoke to him, saying, (R)‘I am the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob’? 27 He is not the God of the dead, but the God of the living. You are therefore greatly [h]mistaken.”

The Scribes: Which Is the First Commandment of All?(S)

28 (T)Then one of the scribes came, and having heard them reasoning together, [i]perceiving that He had answered them well, asked Him, “Which is the [j]first commandment of all?”

29 Jesus answered him, “The [k]first of all the commandments is: (U)‘Hear, O Israel, the Lord our God, the Lord is one. 30 And you shall (V)love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul, with all your mind, and with all your strength.’ [l]This is the first commandment. 31 And the second, like it, is this: (W)‘You shall love your neighbor as yourself.’ There is no other commandment greater than (X)these.”

32 So the scribe said to Him, “Well said, Teacher. You have spoken the truth, for there is one God, (Y)and there is no other but He. 33 And to love Him with all the heart, with all the understanding, [m]with all the soul, and with all the strength, and to love one’s neighbor as oneself, (Z)is more than all the whole burnt offerings and sacrifices.”

34 Now when Jesus saw that he answered wisely, He said to him, “You are not far from the kingdom of God.”

(AA)But after that no one dared question Him.

Jesus: How Can David Call His Descendant Lord?(AB)

35 (AC)Then Jesus answered and said, while He taught in the temple, “How is it that the scribes say that the Christ is the Son of David? 36 For David himself said (AD)by the Holy Spirit:

(AE)‘The Lord said to my Lord,
“Sit at My right hand,
Till I make Your enemies Your footstool.” ’

37 Therefore David himself calls Him ‘Lord’; how is He then his (AF)Son?”

And the common people heard Him gladly.

Beware of the Scribes(AG)

38 Then (AH)He said to them in His teaching, (AI)“Beware of the scribes, who desire to go around in long robes, (AJ)love greetings in the marketplaces, 39 the (AK)best seats in the synagogues, and the best places at feasts, 40 (AL)who devour widows’ houses, and [n]for a pretense make long prayers. These will receive greater condemnation.”

The Widow’s Two Mites(AM)

41 (AN)Now Jesus sat opposite the treasury and saw how the people put money (AO)into the treasury. And many who were rich put in much. 42 Then one poor widow came and threw in two [o]mites, which make a [p]quadrans. 43 So He called His disciples to Himself and said to them, “Assuredly, I say to you that (AP)this poor widow has put in more than all those who have given to the treasury; 44 for they all put in out of their abundance, but she out of her poverty put in all that she had, (AQ)her whole livelihood.”

Footnotes

  1. Mark 12:1 tenant farmers
  2. Mark 12:4 NU omits and at him they threw stones
  3. Mark 12:7 tenant farmers
  4. Mark 12:14 Court no man’s favor
  5. Mark 12:14 Lit. look at the face of men
  6. Mark 12:17 Pay
  7. Mark 12:24 Or deceived
  8. Mark 12:27 Or deceived
  9. Mark 12:28 NU seeing
  10. Mark 12:28 foremost
  11. Mark 12:29 foremost
  12. Mark 12:30 NU omits the rest of v. 30.
  13. Mark 12:33 NU omits with all the soul
  14. Mark 12:40 for appearance’ sake
  15. Mark 12:42 Gr. lepta, very small copper coins
  16. Mark 12:42 A Roman coin
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Mark 12
New International Version

The Parable of the Tenants(A)

12 Jesus then began to speak to them in parables: “A man planted a vineyard.(B) He put a wall around it, dug a pit for the winepress and built a watchtower. Then he rented the vineyard to some farmers and moved to another place. 2 At harvest time he sent a servant to the tenants to collect from them some of the fruit of the vineyard. 3 But they seized him, beat him and sent him away empty-handed. 4 Then he sent another servant to them; they struck this man on the head and treated him shamefully. 5 He sent still another, and that one they killed. He sent many others; some of them they beat, others they killed.

6 “He had one left to send, a son, whom he loved. He sent him last of all,(C) saying, ‘They will respect my son.’

7 “But the tenants said to one another, ‘This is the heir. Come, let’s kill him, and the inheritance will be ours.’ 8 So they took him and killed him, and threw him out of the vineyard.

9 “What then will the owner of the vineyard do? He will come and kill those tenants and give the vineyard to others. 10 Haven’t you read this passage of Scripture:

“‘The stone the builders rejected
    has become the cornerstone;(D)
11 the Lord has done this,
    and it is marvelous in our eyes’[a]?”(E)

12 Then the chief priests, the teachers of the law and the elders looked for a way to arrest him because they knew he had spoken the parable against them. But they were afraid of the crowd;(F) so they left him and went away.(G)

Paying the Imperial Tax to Caesar(H)

13 Later they sent some of the Pharisees and Herodians(I) to Jesus to catch him(J) in his words. 14 They came to him and said, “Teacher, we know that you are a man of integrity. You aren’t swayed by others, because you pay no attention to who they are; but you teach the way of God in accordance with the truth. Is it right to pay the imperial tax[b] to Caesar or not? 15 Should we pay or shouldn’t we?”

But Jesus knew their hypocrisy. “Why are you trying to trap me?” he asked. “Bring me a denarius and let me look at it.” 16 They brought the coin, and he asked them, “Whose image is this? And whose inscription?”

“Caesar’s,” they replied.

17 Then Jesus said to them, “Give back to Caesar what is Caesar’s and to God what is God’s.”(K)

And they were amazed at him.

Marriage at the Resurrection(L)

18 Then the Sadducees,(M) who say there is no resurrection,(N) came to him with a question. 19 “Teacher,” they said, “Moses wrote for us that if a man’s brother dies and leaves a wife but no children, the man must marry the widow and raise up offspring for his brother.(O) 20 Now there were seven brothers. The first one married and died without leaving any children. 21 The second one married the widow, but he also died, leaving no child. It was the same with the third. 22 In fact, none of the seven left any children. Last of all, the woman died too. 23 At the resurrection[c] whose wife will she be, since the seven were married to her?”

24 Jesus replied, “Are you not in error because you do not know the Scriptures(P) or the power of God? 25 When the dead rise, they will neither marry nor be given in marriage; they will be like the angels in heaven.(Q) 26 Now about the dead rising—have you not read in the Book of Moses, in the account of the burning bush, how God said to him, ‘I am the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob’[d]?(R) 27 He is not the God of the dead, but of the living. You are badly mistaken!”

The Greatest Commandment(S)

28 One of the teachers of the law(T) came and heard them debating. Noticing that Jesus had given them a good answer, he asked him, “Of all the commandments, which is the most important?”

29 “The most important one,” answered Jesus, “is this: ‘Hear, O Israel: The Lord our God, the Lord is one.[e] 30 Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind and with all your strength.’[f](U) 31 The second is this: ‘Love your neighbor as yourself.’[g](V) There is no commandment greater than these.”

32 “Well said, teacher,” the man replied. “You are right in saying that God is one and there is no other but him.(W) 33 To love him with all your heart, with all your understanding and with all your strength, and to love your neighbor as yourself is more important than all burnt offerings and sacrifices.”(X)

34 When Jesus saw that he had answered wisely, he said to him, “You are not far from the kingdom of God.”(Y) And from then on no one dared ask him any more questions.(Z)

Whose Son Is the Messiah?(AA)(AB)

35 While Jesus was teaching in the temple courts,(AC) he asked, “Why do the teachers of the law say that the Messiah is the son of David?(AD) 36 David himself, speaking by the Holy Spirit,(AE) declared:

“‘The Lord said to my Lord:
    “Sit at my right hand
until I put your enemies
    under your feet.”’[h](AF)

37 David himself calls him ‘Lord.’ How then can he be his son?”

The large crowd(AG) listened to him with delight.

Warning Against the Teachers of the Law

38 As he taught, Jesus said, “Watch out for the teachers of the law. They like to walk around in flowing robes and be greeted with respect in the marketplaces, 39 and have the most important seats in the synagogues and the places of honor at banquets.(AH) 40 They devour widows’ houses and for a show make lengthy prayers. These men will be punished most severely.”

The Widow’s Offering(AI)

41 Jesus sat down opposite the place where the offerings were put(AJ) and watched the crowd putting their money into the temple treasury. Many rich people threw in large amounts. 42 But a poor widow came and put in two very small copper coins, worth only a few cents.

43 Calling his disciples to him, Jesus said, “Truly I tell you, this poor widow has put more into the treasury than all the others. 44 They all gave out of their wealth; but she, out of her poverty, put in everything—all she had to live on.”(AK)

Footnotes

  1. Mark 12:11 Psalm 118:22,23
  2. Mark 12:14 A special tax levied on subject peoples, not on Roman citizens
  3. Mark 12:23 Some manuscripts resurrection, when people rise from the dead,
  4. Mark 12:26 Exodus 3:6
  5. Mark 12:29 Or The Lord our God is one Lord
  6. Mark 12:30 Deut. 6:4,5
  7. Mark 12:31 Lev. 19:18
  8. Mark 12:36 Psalm 110:1
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