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23 Con lo sguardo fisso al sinedrio Paolo disse: «Fratelli, io ho agito fino ad oggi davanti a Dio in perfetta rettitudine di coscienza». Ma il sommo sacerdote Anania ordinò ai suoi assistenti di percuoterlo sulla bocca. Paolo allora gli disse: «Dio percuoterà te, muro imbiancato! Tu siedi a giudicarmi secondo la legge e contro la legge comandi di percuotermi?». E i presenti dissero: «Osi insultare il sommo sacerdote di Dio?». Rispose Paolo: «Non sapevo, fratelli, che è il sommo sacerdote; sta scritto infatti: Non insulterai il capo del tuo popolo».

Paolo sapeva che nel sinedrio una parte era di sadducei e una parte di farisei; disse a gran voce: «Fratelli, io sono un fariseo, figlio di farisei; io sono chiamato in giudizio a motivo della speranza nella risurrezione dei morti». Appena egli ebbe detto ciò, scoppiò una disputa tra i farisei e i sadducei e l'assemblea si divise. I sadducei infatti affermano che non c'è risurrezione, né angeli, né spiriti; i farisei invece professano tutte queste cose. Ne nacque allora un grande clamore e alcuni scribi del partito dei farisei, alzatisi in piedi, protestavano dicendo: «Non troviamo nulla di male in quest'uomo. E se uno spirito o un angelo gli avesse parlato davvero?». 10 La disputa si accese a tal punto che il tribuno, temendo che Paolo venisse linciato da costoro, ordinò che scendesse la truppa a portarlo via di mezzo a loro e ricondurlo nella fortezza. 11 La notte seguente gli venne accanto il Signore e gli disse: «Coraggio! Come hai testimoniato per me a Gerusalemme, così è necessario che tu mi renda testimonianza anche a Roma».

Complotto dei Giudei contro Paolo

12 Fattosi giorno, i Giudei ordirono una congiura e fecero voto con giuramento esecratorio di non toccare né cibo né bevanda, sino a che non avessero ucciso Paolo. 13 Erano più di quaranta quelli che fecero questa congiura. 14 Si presentarono ai sommi sacerdoti e agli anziani e dissero: «Ci siamo obbligati con giuramento esecratorio di non assaggiare nulla sino a che non avremo ucciso Paolo. 15 Voi dunque ora, insieme al sinedrio, fate dire al tribuno che ve lo riporti, col pretesto di esaminare più attentamente il suo caso; noi intanto ci teniamo pronti a ucciderlo prima che arrivi».

16 Ma il figlio della sorella di Paolo venne a sapere del complotto; si recò alla fortezza, entrò e ne informò Paolo. 17 Questi allora chiamò uno dei centurioni e gli disse: «Conduci questo giovane dal tribuno, perché ha qualche cosa da riferirgli». 18 Il centurione lo prese e lo condusse dal tribuno dicendo: «Il prigioniero Paolo mi ha fatto chiamare e mi ha detto di condurre da te questo giovanetto, perché ha da dirti qualche cosa». 19 Il tribuno lo prese per mano, lo condusse in disparte e gli chiese: «Che cosa è quello che hai da riferirmi?». 20 Rispose: «I Giudei si sono messi d'accordo per chiederti di condurre domani Paolo nel sinedrio, col pretesto di informarsi più accuratamente nei suoi riguardi. 21 Tu però non lasciarti convincere da loro, poiché più di quaranta dei loro uomini hanno ordito un complotto, facendo voto con giuramento esecratorio di non prendere cibo né bevanda finché non l'abbiano ucciso; e ora stanno pronti, aspettando che tu dia il tuo consenso».

22 Il tribuno congedò il giovanetto con questa raccomandazione: «Non dire a nessuno che mi hai dato queste informazioni».

Trasferimento di Paolo a Cesarea

23 Fece poi chiamare due dei centurioni e disse: «Preparate duecento soldati per andare a Cesarèa insieme con settanta cavalieri e duecento lancieri, tre ore dopo il tramonto. 24 Siano pronte anche delle cavalcature e fatevi montare Paolo, perché sia condotto sano e salvo dal governatore Felice». 25 Scrisse anche una lettera in questi termini: 26 «Claudio Lisia all'eccellentissimo governatore Felice, salute. 27 Quest'uomo è stato assalito dai Giudei e stava per essere ucciso da loro; ma sono intervenuto con i soldati e l'ho liberato, perché ho saputo che è cittadino romano. 28 Desideroso di conoscere il motivo per cui lo accusavano, lo condussi nel loro sinedrio. 29 Ho trovato che lo si accusava per questioni relative alla loro legge, ma che in realtà non c'erano a suo carico imputazioni meritevoli di morte o di prigionia. 30 Sono stato però informato di un complotto contro quest'uomo da parte loro, e così l'ho mandato da te, avvertendo gli accusatori di deporre davanti a te quello che hanno contro di lui. Stà bene».

31 Secondo gli ordini ricevuti, i soldati presero Paolo e lo condussero di notte ad Antipàtride. 32 Il mattino dopo, lasciato ai cavalieri il compito di proseguire con lui, se ne tornarono alla fortezza. 33 I cavalieri, giunti a Cesarèa, consegnarono la lettera al governatore e gli presentarono Paolo. 34 Dopo averla letta, domandò a Paolo di quale provincia fosse e, saputo che era della Cilicia, disse: 35 «Ti ascolterò quando saranno qui anche i tuoi accusatori». E diede ordine di custodirlo nel pretorio di Erode.

23 ατενισας δε ο παυλος τω συνεδριω ειπεν ανδρες αδελφοι εγω παση συνειδησει αγαθη πεπολιτευμαι τω θεω αχρι ταυτης της ημερας

ο δε αρχιερευς ανανιας επεταξεν τοις παρεστωσιν αυτω τυπτειν αυτου το στομα

τοτε ο παυλος προς αυτον ειπεν τυπτειν σε μελλει ο θεος τοιχε κεκονιαμενε και συ καθη κρινων με κατα τον νομον και παρανομων κελευεις με τυπτεσθαι

οι δε παρεστωτες ειπον τον αρχιερεα του θεου λοιδορεις

εφη τε ο παυλος ουκ ηδειν αδελφοι οτι εστιν αρχιερευς γεγραπται γαρ αρχοντα του λαου σου ουκ ερεις κακως

γνους δε ο παυλος οτι το εν μερος εστιν σαδδουκαιων το δε ετερον φαρισαιων εκραξεν εν τω συνεδριω ανδρες αδελφοι εγω φαρισαιος ειμι υιος φαρισαιου περι ελπιδος και αναστασεως νεκρων εγω κρινομαι

τουτο δε αυτου λαλησαντος εγενετο στασις των φαρισαιων και των σαδδουκαιων και εσχισθη το πληθος

σαδδουκαιοι μεν γαρ λεγουσιν μη ειναι αναστασιν μηδε αγγελον μητε πνευμα φαρισαιοι δε ομολογουσιν τα αμφοτερα

εγενετο δε κραυγη μεγαλη και ανασταντες οι γραμματεις του μερους των φαρισαιων διεμαχοντο λεγοντες ουδεν κακον ευρισκομεν εν τω ανθρωπω τουτω ει δε πνευμα ελαλησεν αυτω η αγγελος μη θεομαχωμεν

10 πολλης δε γενομενης στασεως ευλαβηθεις ο χιλιαρχος μη διασπασθη ο παυλος υπ αυτων εκελευσεν το στρατευμα καταβαν αρπασαι αυτον εκ μεσου αυτων αγειν τε εις την παρεμβολην

11 τη δε επιουση νυκτι επιστας αυτω ο κυριος ειπεν θαρσει παυλε ως γαρ διεμαρτυρω τα περι εμου εις ιερουσαλημ ουτως σε δει και εις ρωμην μαρτυρησαι

12 γενομενης δε ημερας ποιησαντες τινες των ιουδαιων συστροφην ανεθεματισαν εαυτους λεγοντες μητε φαγειν μητε πιειν εως ου αποκτεινωσιν τον παυλον

13 ησαν δε πλειους τεσσαρακοντα οι ταυτην την συνωμοσιαν πεποιηκοτες

14 οιτινες προσελθοντες τοις αρχιερευσιν και τοις πρεσβυτεροις ειπον αναθεματι ανεθεματισαμεν εαυτους μηδενος γευσασθαι εως ου αποκτεινωμεν τον παυλον

15 νυν ουν υμεις εμφανισατε τω χιλιαρχω συν τω συνεδριω οπως αυριον αυτον καταγαγη προς υμας ως μελλοντας διαγινωσκειν ακριβεστερον τα περι αυτου ημεις δε προ του εγγισαι αυτον ετοιμοι εσμεν του ανελειν αυτον

16 ακουσας δε ο υιος της αδελφης παυλου την ενεδραν παραγενομενος και εισελθων εις την παρεμβολην απηγγειλεν τω παυλω

17 προσκαλεσαμενος δε ο παυλος ενα των εκατονταρχων εφη τον νεανιαν τουτον απαγαγε προς τον χιλιαρχον εχει γαρ τι απαγγειλαι αυτω

18 ο μεν ουν παραλαβων αυτον ηγαγεν προς τον χιλιαρχον και φησιν ο δεσμιος παυλος προσκαλεσαμενος με ηρωτησεν τουτον τον νεανιαν αγαγειν προς σε εχοντα τι λαλησαι σοι

19 επιλαβομενος δε της χειρος αυτου ο χιλιαρχος και αναχωρησας κατ ιδιαν επυνθανετο τι εστιν ο εχεις απαγγειλαι μοι

20 ειπεν δε οτι οι ιουδαιοι συνεθεντο του ερωτησαι σε οπως αυριον εις το συνεδριον καταγαγης τον παυλον ως μελλοντες τι ακριβεστερον πυνθανεσθαι περι αυτου

21 συ ουν μη πεισθης αυτοις ενεδρευουσιν γαρ αυτον εξ αυτων ανδρες πλειους τεσσαρακοντα οιτινες ανεθεματισαν εαυτους μητε φαγειν μητε πιειν εως ου ανελωσιν αυτον και νυν ετοιμοι εισιν προσδεχομενοι την απο σου επαγγελιαν

22 ο μεν ουν χιλιαρχος απελυσεν τον νεανιαν παραγγειλας μηδενι εκλαλησαι οτι ταυτα ενεφανισας προς με

23 και προσκαλεσαμενος δυο τινας των εκατονταρχων ειπεν ετοιμασατε στρατιωτας διακοσιους οπως πορευθωσιν εως καισαρειας και ιππεις εβδομηκοντα και δεξιολαβους διακοσιους απο τριτης ωρας της νυκτος

24 κτηνη τε παραστησαι ινα επιβιβασαντες τον παυλον διασωσωσιν προς φηλικα τον ηγεμονα

25 γραψας επιστολην περιεχουσαν τον τυπον τουτον

26 κλαυδιος λυσιας τω κρατιστω ηγεμονι φηλικι χαιρειν

27 τον ανδρα τουτον συλληφθεντα υπο των ιουδαιων και μελλοντα αναιρεισθαι υπ αυτων επιστας συν τω στρατευματι εξειλομην αυτον μαθων οτι ρωμαιος εστιν

28 βουλομενος δε γνωναι την αιτιαν δι ην ενεκαλουν αυτω κατηγαγον αυτον εις το συνεδριον αυτων

29 ον ευρον εγκαλουμενον περι ζητηματων του νομου αυτων μηδεν δε αξιον θανατου η δεσμων εγκλημα εχοντα

30 μηνυθεισης δε μοι επιβουλης εις τον ανδρα μελλειν εσεσθαι υπο των ιουδαιων εξαυτης επεμψα προς σε παραγγειλας και τοις κατηγοροις λεγειν τα προς αυτον επι σου ερρωσο

31 οι μεν ουν στρατιωται κατα το διατεταγμενον αυτοις αναλαβοντες τον παυλον ηγαγον δια της νυκτος εις την αντιπατριδα

32 τη δε επαυριον εασαντες τους ιππεις πορευεσθαι συν αυτω υπεστρεψαν εις την παρεμβολην

33 οιτινες εισελθοντες εις την καισαρειαν και αναδοντες την επιστολην τω ηγεμονι παρεστησαν και τον παυλον αυτω

34 αναγνους δε ο ηγεμων και επερωτησας εκ ποιας επαρχιας εστιν και πυθομενος οτι απο κιλικιας

35 διακουσομαι σου εφη οταν και οι κατηγοροι σου παραγενωνται εκελευσεν τε αυτον εν τω πραιτωριω του ηρωδου φυλασσεσθαι

23 Paul looked straight at the Sanhedrin(A) and said, “My brothers,(B) I have fulfilled my duty to God in all good conscience(C) to this day.” At this the high priest Ananias(D) ordered those standing near Paul to strike him on the mouth.(E) Then Paul said to him, “God will strike you, you whitewashed wall!(F) You sit there to judge me according to the law, yet you yourself violate the law by commanding that I be struck!”(G)

Those who were standing near Paul said, “How dare you insult God’s high priest!”

Paul replied, “Brothers, I did not realize that he was the high priest; for it is written: ‘Do not speak evil about the ruler of your people.’[a](H)

Then Paul, knowing that some of them were Sadducees(I) and the others Pharisees, called out in the Sanhedrin, “My brothers,(J) I am a Pharisee,(K) descended from Pharisees. I stand on trial because of the hope of the resurrection of the dead.”(L) When he said this, a dispute broke out between the Pharisees and the Sadducees, and the assembly was divided. (The Sadducees say that there is no resurrection,(M) and that there are neither angels nor spirits, but the Pharisees believe all these things.)

There was a great uproar, and some of the teachers of the law who were Pharisees(N) stood up and argued vigorously. “We find nothing wrong with this man,”(O) they said. “What if a spirit or an angel has spoken to him?”(P) 10 The dispute became so violent that the commander was afraid Paul would be torn to pieces by them. He ordered the troops to go down and take him away from them by force and bring him into the barracks.(Q)

11 The following night the Lord stood near Paul and said, “Take courage!(R) As you have testified about me in Jerusalem, so you must also testify in Rome.”(S)

The Plot to Kill Paul

12 The next morning some Jews formed a conspiracy(T) and bound themselves with an oath not to eat or drink until they had killed Paul.(U) 13 More than forty men were involved in this plot. 14 They went to the chief priests and the elders and said, “We have taken a solemn oath not to eat anything until we have killed Paul.(V) 15 Now then, you and the Sanhedrin(W) petition the commander to bring him before you on the pretext of wanting more accurate information about his case. We are ready to kill him before he gets here.”

16 But when the son of Paul’s sister heard of this plot, he went into the barracks(X) and told Paul.

17 Then Paul called one of the centurions and said, “Take this young man to the commander; he has something to tell him.” 18 So he took him to the commander.

The centurion said, “Paul, the prisoner,(Y) sent for me and asked me to bring this young man to you because he has something to tell you.”

19 The commander took the young man by the hand, drew him aside and asked, “What is it you want to tell me?”

20 He said: “Some Jews have agreed to ask you to bring Paul before the Sanhedrin(Z) tomorrow on the pretext of wanting more accurate information about him.(AA) 21 Don’t give in to them, because more than forty(AB) of them are waiting in ambush for him. They have taken an oath not to eat or drink until they have killed him.(AC) They are ready now, waiting for your consent to their request.”

22 The commander dismissed the young man with this warning: “Don’t tell anyone that you have reported this to me.”

Paul Transferred to Caesarea

23 Then he called two of his centurions and ordered them, “Get ready a detachment of two hundred soldiers, seventy horsemen and two hundred spearmen[b] to go to Caesarea(AD) at nine tonight.(AE) 24 Provide horses for Paul so that he may be taken safely to Governor Felix.”(AF)

25 He wrote a letter as follows:

26 Claudius Lysias,

To His Excellency,(AG) Governor Felix:

Greetings.(AH)

27 This man was seized by the Jews and they were about to kill him,(AI) but I came with my troops and rescued him,(AJ) for I had learned that he is a Roman citizen.(AK) 28 I wanted to know why they were accusing him, so I brought him to their Sanhedrin.(AL) 29 I found that the accusation had to do with questions about their law,(AM) but there was no charge against him(AN) that deserved death or imprisonment. 30 When I was informed(AO) of a plot(AP) to be carried out against the man, I sent him to you at once. I also ordered his accusers(AQ) to present to you their case against him.

31 So the soldiers, carrying out their orders, took Paul with them during the night and brought him as far as Antipatris. 32 The next day they let the cavalry(AR) go on with him, while they returned to the barracks.(AS) 33 When the cavalry(AT) arrived in Caesarea,(AU) they delivered the letter to the governor(AV) and handed Paul over to him. 34 The governor read the letter and asked what province he was from. Learning that he was from Cilicia,(AW) 35 he said, “I will hear your case when your accusers(AX) get here.” Then he ordered that Paul be kept under guard(AY) in Herod’s palace.

Footnotes

  1. Acts 23:5 Exodus 22:28
  2. Acts 23:23 The meaning of the Greek for this word is uncertain.