ESV Reformation Study Bible – Ex 10:22
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Ex 10:22

10:22 pitch darkness. This darkness was clearly more than a blinding sandstorm or an eclipse of the sun. It was an unnatural darkness, like that associated with the day of the Lord (Is. 8:22; 58:10; Joel 2:2; Amos 5:20; Zeph. 1:15; cf. Deut. 28:29). The Egyptians typically celebrated the morning light when the sun god Ra was thought to overcome the dreaded serpent of hostile chaos and darkness. This supernatural darkness was further demonstration of the Lord’s superiority over the Egyptian pantheon (7:19; 8:3 notes).