The moon is the material heavenly body in our solar system that God made on the fourth day of creation to give light at night.
And God made the two great lights—the greater light to rule the day and the lesser light to rule the night—and the stars. And God set them in the expanse of the heavens to give light on the earth, to rule over the day and over the night, and to separate the light from the darkness. And God saw that it was good.
Genesis 1:16-18
[See the Heavens’ Declare section of resources in the Bible Gateway Store]
According to the Encyclopedia of The Bible on Bible Gateway, God’s creation of the moon and the other heavenly bodies is alluded to in Psalm 8:3-4, 104:19, and 136:8-9. Such a created object is stated to be inferior to God himself in Job 25:5-6 and Isaiah 24:23.
[Read the Bible Gateway Blog post, Communion on the Moon]
Scripture established God’s providence in sustaining the moon and other heavenly spheres by stating he orders the moon in its course (Jer 31:35), obscures the moon by cloud cover (Job 26:9), and miraculously affects the normal action of the moon in relation to the earth (Josh 10:12-13; Hab 3:11).
The moon is a part of a picture of the enduring nature of God’s creation, in the psalmist’s expression of his desire for a long life (Psalm 72:5, 7) and in the promise that the Davidic dynasty will have permanence (Psalm 89:37).
The moon is a symbol of God’s protective care over his people (Psalm 121:6). The figure of the moon, sun, and stars bowing before one of his servants (Gen 37:9) depicts God’s providence over his universe and humanity. The moon and other heavenly bodies are to show the glory of God and produce thanksgiving in the hearts of us all (Psalm 8:3; 148:3; 1 Cor 15:41).
And the Bible uses the moon as a figure for a woman’s beauty in Song of Songs 6:10.
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