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Holy Week and Easter: The People, Places, and Events

Easter is the most significant event in the Christian church calendar. Without the events of Holy Week, there wouldn’t be a Christian faith. Easter is the reason the Christian church exists!

Easter commemorates the resurrection of Jesus Christ three days after his execution on a Roman cross. That moment of resurrection is the core of Easter — but the days leading up to Easter are key parts of the story, too. The interplay of prophecy, friendship, betrayal, and grace during the final days before Jesus’ crucifixion is full of insight into human nature — and God’s love.

Have you read the Easter story recently? You’ve probably heard or read many of the most famous episodes in the Easter account, but it’s truly a story meant to be read as a coherent whole. In this post, we’ll tell you everything you need to know to explore the Easter story.

Where Can I Read the Easter Story?

The Easter story is told in four different places in the Bible. Each of the accounts (there’s one in each of the four Gospels) tells the same story but from a slightly different perspective. That means that you can get the Easter story from any one of these sources, but reading more than one (or all four) brings a lot of extra detail and nuance to light.

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Here’s where you can find the Easter story in the Bible. Click any of the links below to read one of the Easter accounts and watch it dramatized by a LUMO Project video:

There’s no single “best” Easter account in the Bible; each of the above accounts tells the complete story. (If you’re not sure where to start, begin with Mark’s account.) All are short and easily readable — you can read any of them in a single sitting.

Learn more about Easter with the resources of Bible Gateway Plus

How Can I Listen to the Easter Story?

Do you prefer to listen to the Easter story? Bible Gateway has a large library of audio Bibles and other resources — including several narrations and dramatizations of the Easter story.

1. Easter in the Breathe Bible

The Breathe Bible Audio New Testament features a high-quality dramatization of the Easter account from the book of Mark (NLT). With an all-star cast starring Kevin Sorbo, John Rhys-Davies, Josh Lucas, and others, the Breathe Bible audio experience is a great way to listen to this most famous of stories.

2. Witness the Bible: The Easter Story Dramatized

Witness the Bible is a radio theatre-style audio dramatization, with background music and different voices used for the various characters. It’s based on the 1599 Geneva Bible, with a rich vocabulary and a nostalgic feel.

3. The Story of Jesus

The Story of Jesus condenses the key moments of Jesus’ life and ministry into one audio presentation, with background music and sound effects which add to the cinematic effect.

4. The Easter Story from The Message

This well-loved paraphrase of the Bible is one of the most listenable Bibles in our library. It’s a great choice for the Easter story.

Other Ways to Listen

These aren’t the only ways you can listen to the Easter story here at Bible Gateway. There are many audio Bibles in our library; browse through the available audio titles to see if your favorite Bible translation is available in audio. You can also access Bible audio while reading the Bible text itself — after looking up a Bible passage (for example, Mark 14-16), look for the speaker icon above the Bible text. If that button is present, then audio is available for the Bible you’re reading; simply click it to start the audio.

Lastly, you can also listen to these and other audio resources using the Bible Gateway App or Bible Audio App available free for iOS and Android.

Holy Week infographic showing key events each day of the week along with verse references from Matthew's gospel

What Are the Major Events of Easter?

While hints, predictions, and echoes of Easter permeate all of the Bible, when most people talk about Easter, they are referring to the week — usually called Holy Week or Passion Week — that culminates with Jesus’ resurrection from the grave. Here are the key events of the Easter story, and where you can read them in the Bible.

You might find it helpful to refer to our timeline of Holy Week, which organizes the people and events of Easter into one chart. (Click the image below to enlarge it.)

Infographic showing the timeline of each character in the events of Holy Week in the Bible

Palm Sunday

Read it in Matthew 21:1-11; Mark 11:1-11; Luke 19:29-40; John 12:12-19.

On Palm Sunday, Jesus arrived at Jerusalem riding on a donkey, where he was welcomed by cheering crowds. (The “Palm” in “Palm Sunday” refers to the tree branches that the crowds used to make a path for Jesus.) His arrival — often called the Triumphal Entry — fulfilled a prophecy by the Old Testament prophet Zechariah about the Messiah’s appearance in Jerusalem (Zch. 9:9). To anyone with a knowledge of Jewish scripture, this identification of Jesus as the Messiah would have been clear.

Holy Monday and Holy Tuesday

Read it in Matthew 21:12-26:13; Mark 11:12-14:9; Luke 19:41-21:38; John 12:20-50.

On these two days, Jesus made a number of appearances and addresses, most famously to “cleanse” the temple of money changers and merchants who had set up business in God’s house. Jesus also appeared at the temple courts to debate the priests and community leaders.

Holy Wednesday

Read it in Matthew 26:14-16; Mark 14:10-11; Luke 22:1-6.

Also called Spy Wednesday, Great Wednesday, or Good Wednesday, this day is marked by the decision of Judas Iscariot — one of Jesus’ disciples — to betray Jesus to the authorities in exchange for thirty silver coins.

Maundy Thursday

Read it in Matthew 26:17-46; Mark 14:12-42; Luke 22:7-46; John 13:1-17:26.

“Maundy” comes from the Latin word mandatum, which means “commandment.” It’s the word used in John 13:34: “A new command I give you: Love one another. As I have loved you, so you must love one another” (NIV).

This day saw the beginning of a sequence of rapidly unfolding events that would lead to Jesus’ crucifixion. On this day, Jesus gathered with his disciples to celebrate the Jewish festival of Passover. During this celebration, commonly called the Last Supper because it was Jesus’ final meal before his arrest and death, Jesus established the practice of communion which churches around the world continue to celebrate today.

After this communal meal, Jesus and his disciples went to the garden of Gethsemane to pray throughout the night. When his disciples were unable to stay awake, Jesus famously noted that “the spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak.” Jesus himself prayed so intensely that he “sweat drops of blood.” The day closed with Jesus’ announcement to his disciples that his betrayal was at hand.

Good Friday

Read it in Matthew 26:47-27:66; Mark 14:43-15:47; Luke 22:47-23:56; John 18:1-19:42.

On the very eventful Good Friday, Jesus was betrayed by his disciple Judas and arrested, then hauled before several different authorities — first the Jewish religious leaders, then the Roman governor Pontius Pilate. Sentenced to death, Jesus was crucified alongside two criminals. Upon his death, he was buried in a nearby tomb.

Easter Sunday

Read it in Matthew 28:1-10; Mark 16:1-8; Luke 24:1-12; John 20:1-18.

This is it — the culmination of all the drama of Holy Week. On Easter Sunday (appropriately known as Resurrection Sunday), Jesus rose from the dead and, in the days to come, appeared to his astonished followers to tell them the good news: the power of sin and death was broken, and all who believed could find forgiveness and be made right with God.

Questions About Easter

No doubt about it, the Bible’s Easter accounts make some bold assertions, and believers and skeptics alike have pored over its details for centuries. Here are some of the most commonly asked questions about Easter; click on the questions to read an in-depth answer to each.

  1. Is Easter based on a pagan holiday?
  2. Did the early Christian church make up the events of Easter?
  3. Was the story of Jesus’ resurrection stolen from mythology?
  4. Do the four gospel accounts of Easter in the Bible contradict each other?

Explore Easter Further with Bible Gateway Plus

Learn more about Easter with the resources of Bible Gateway Plus

If you’ve upgraded to Bible Gateway Plus, you have access to many additional ways to study and explore the story of Easter! Here are four specific resources, available to Plus members, that will help you dig deeper into this remarkable account:

  1. Troubled by questions about the reliability of the Gospel accounts? The Case for Christ Study Bible asks and answers over a dozen tough apologetics questions about Matthew’s account of the crucifixion.
  2. Why was Jesus offered “wine and gall” while he was on the cross? Why was “blood money” not allowed in the temple treasury? The NIV Quest Study Bible delves into all the little details of the Easter story.
  3. Do you know the entire cast of the Easter story? The New International Encyclopedia of Bible Characters has useful profiles of everyone involved, from Barabbas to Zebedee.
  4. Looking for the ultimate guide to the Easter account? The Zondervan Illustrated Bible Backgrounds Commentary walks through every verse, with over 30 detailed entries on Matthew 27 alone.

Upgrading to Bible Gateway Plus unlocks these and dozens of other digital study Bibles, commentaries, and reference books, all of them seamlessly integrated into your online Bible reading! Try it free and see what a difference it makes in your reading and study of God’s Word.

April 2025 Bible News Roundup

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Here it is, your source for all the latest Bible-related and Bible-adjacent news from the month of April 2025 — from archaeological discoveries and academic research to cultural events and conversations, developments in the global church, and more.

Week of April 27

  • May 2 — The Gospel Coalition (TGC) marked its 20th anniversary with its 10th national conference, hosting over 7,000 attendees from 38 countries and all 50 U.S. states. The seven keynotes and over 45 breakout sessions are now available on TGC’s website. The 2025 theme, “Alive Together,” was inspired by Ephesians 2:4–7, and included worship led by Keith Getty, messages from John Piper and David Platt, and reflections on the legacies of Tim Keller and Don Carson. (TGC)
  • May 1 The Global Flourishing Study, a 5-year study involving 200,000 adults across 22 countries, found that countries with lower GDP per capita, such as Indonesia and Tanzania, often report higher levels of flourishing compared to wealthier nations like the U.S. and Japan — with faith strongly linked to higher scores. Regular religious service attendance, in particular, correlates with greater meaning, purpose, and social connection. (Christianity Today)
  • May 1 The European Congress on Evangelism, led by Franklin Graham, will gather 1,000 pastors and ministry leaders from 56 countries in Berlin from May 27-30. Centered on Romans 1:16, the event aims to reignite passion for bold, biblical evangelism. Featuring over 20 speakers, music by Michael W. Smith and Charity Gayle, and a focus on equipping leaders, it marks the largest European evangelism event in 25 years. (Christian Today)
  • April 30 A new study examines the growing role of technology in U.S. churches. Findings include 86% of church leaders recognizing digital tools as vital for connection, with 70% reporting increased generosity. Live streaming remains in use by 87% of churches, and AI adoption has surged by 80%, aiding tasks like email drafting. Millennials and Gen Z are engaging more with tech-savvy churches, and concerns about tech costs have decreased. (Religion Unplugged)
  • April 30 In 2024, the Southern Baptist Convention saw a 2% membership decline, marking the 18th consecutive year of decreases, with total members at 12.7 million. However, baptisms rose by over 10%, reaching 250,643 — the highest since 2017. Worship attendance and small group participation also grew by over 5%. Despite overall losses, these trends demonstrate increased evangelism and engagement post-pandemic. (Lifeway Research)
  • April 29 — A growing number of young Christians are embracing intentional singleness in their 20s, viewing it as a purposeful choice rather than a waiting period for marriage. Inspired by Biblical teachings like 1 Corinthians 7, they see singleness as an opportunity for undistracted devotion to God and personal growth. This shift challenges church norms, which often prioritize marriage and families, and urges churches to meet and honor singles where they are. (RELEVANT)
  • April 29 — This Easter saw record baptisms in France, England, and Los Angeles for the Catholic Church. France reported over 10,000 adult baptisms, a 45% increase from 2023, with most aged 18-25. England’s Diocese of Westminster (which includes London) recorded 500 adult entrants, a 25% rise. In Los Angeles, over 5,000 joined, including 2,800 baptisms, a 45% increase. These numbers corroborate growing faith engagement across demographics. (Aleteia)
  • April 28 Bishop T.D. Jakes announced his plan to step down as senior pastor of The Potter’s House, a 30,000-member Dallas megachurch, later this year. His daughter, Sarah Jakes Roberts, and her husband, Touré Roberts, will succeed him as senior co-pastors in July. Jakes cited health concerns, including a recent heart attack, and emphasized the importance of fresh leadership. He will remain as chairman of the board. (Christianity Today)
  • April 28 The conclave to select the 267th Pope, previously set for May 5, is now scheduled to begin May 7. Approximately 180 cardinals, including over 100 electors, will gather in the Sistine Chapel. The process begins with a solemn Mass and oath of secrecy. A two-thirds majority is required to elect the new Pope, which can take anywhere from a few days to several months or, very rarely, even years. (Vatican News)
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Week of April 20

  • April 26 Pope Francis’s funeral in St. Peter’s Square drew 400,000 mourners, including clergy, pilgrims, refugees, and global leaders. The late pontiff, celebrated for his compassion and advocacy for peace, was eulogized as “a pope among the people.” His tomb was inscribed only with “Franciscus,” an unusually simple burial reflecting his humility. The conclave to elect his successor is set to begin on May 5. (The Guardian and Religion Unplugged)
  • April 25 In the ongoing trade tensions between the U.S. and China, Bibles and other religious books have been exempted from tariffs, providing relief to Christian publishers (and readers). China, a major hub for Bible printing, produces over 75% of new Bibles globally, with Amity Printing Company leading the industry. While the exemption ensures affordability and accessibility of Bibles, the industry remains cautious amid broader economic uncertainties. (Christianity Today)
  • April 25 The Upper Room in Jerusalem, traditionally associated with Jesus’ Last Supper, has a rich history as a pilgrimage site. Recent archaeological studies using advanced imaging techniques have uncovered over 40 medieval inscriptions and graffiti on its walls. These include coats of arms, inscriptions from European pilgrims, and an Armenian inscription tied to the Mongol conquest of the Levant in 1299. (Biblical Archaeology Society)
  • April 24 — Up against the ropes: An article about whether Jesus was crucified using nails or ropes (see April 14, below) caused a stir for implicitly questioning the Bible’s inerrancy, since Thomas asks to see Jesus’ nail marks in John 20:25. The article’s author apologized for his oversight. Acclaimed writer Karen Swallow Prior, while affirming the literal truth of Scripture, adds that Christians have reexamined the scant details of the Bible for centuries in both poor and fruitful ways. (Christianity Today and RNS)
  • April 23 — Pastor and bestselling author Max Lucado got his first tattoo at age 70. Lucado had the Greek word tetelestai, meaning “it is finished,” tattooed on his right forearm to commemorate 50 years of experiencing God’s grace. Reflecting on his transformation from a troubled past, Lucado shared how the message of Christ’s sacrifice changed his life. (Christian Today)
  • April 22 — Nearly 200 Christians were killed in Nigeria within a single week, with attacks targeting Christian-majority villages, including a massacre in Zikke village that claimed 56 lives. Bishop Matthew Hassan Kukah condemned the violence, describing it as an “ocean of blood” and criticizing the government’s failure to address extremist violence by groups like Boko Haram and Fulani militants. (Aleteia)
  • April 22 — Alabama became the latest U.S. state to have passed bills requiring public schools to display the Ten Commandments in common areas, following Oklahoma and Louisiana’s initiatives last year. The bill is now headed to Alabama’s state senate for approval. Even if it passes, though, legal disputes are likely: Louisiana’s mandate was ruled unconstitutional by a federal court in November. (Christianity Daily)
  • April 22 — China has implemented strict restrictions on foreign missionaries, banning unauthorized preaching, religious schools, and literature distribution. Foreign clergy can only preach government-approved content, and unregistered religious activities are heavily monitored using advanced surveillance technology. These measures align with the government’s goal of aligning religions with Communist Party priorities. (Christianity Daily)
  • April 21 — Pope Francis has died age 88, the day after making a brief Easter appearance in St. Peter’s Square. The first Jesuit and first Latin American pope, Francis was known for his humility and progressive reforms, focusing on poverty, inequality, and environmental issues during his 12-year papacy. Political and religious leaders from every corner of the globe have turned out to pay tribute. A papal conclave is expected to convene within 15-20 days to appoint his successor. (The Guardian)
  • April 20 — Over 8,200 UK churches are leading the way in creation care, creating green spaces, wildlife habitats, and sustainable practices. Initiatives include bee-friendly habitats, wildflower meadows, and community events. A Rocha U.K.’s eco-award system has given churches 2,800 bronze, 1,200 silver, and 70 gold awards. With 40,000 worshipping communities in the UK, churches hold “colossal potential” to spearhead environmental action. (Religion Unplugged)
  • April 20 — HAPPY EASTER! Christ is risen. He is risen indeed!

Week of April 13

  • April 18 — NASA’s astronomical models suggest a lunar eclipse occurred on April 3, 33 AD, potentially aligning with the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. This eclipse, which turned the moon red, matches biblical descriptions such as Matthew 27:45, which mentions darkness coming “over all the land during.” Originated by Oxford researchers in the 1980s, they theory connects the event to prophetic passages like Acts 2:20 and Joel 2:28-31. (New York Post)
  • April 17 — Archaeology helps construct a biography of Caiaphas, the High Priest who played a key role in the trial and crucifixion of Jesus. Appointed by Roman governor Valerius Gratus in 18 AD, Caiaphas served until 37 AD, when he was deposed by Lucius Vitellius. Two ornate ossuaries inscribed with the names of Caiaphas, his children, and grandchildren affirm his historical existence and suggest an influential presence in first-century Jerusalem. (Bible Archaeology Report)
  • April 16 — U.S. churches interpret Good Friday in many ways. Many mainline and progressive Christians reject John Calvin’s “penal substitution” theory, which sees Jesus’ death as a punishment for human sin, emphasizing liberation and moral inspiration instead. But Calvin’s idea is central to many Easter traditions, and many say it is more about God’s love than his vengeance. Meanwhile, Orthodox churches don’t consider the cross in such “forensic” terms at all, while Catholics embrace a combination of theories. (RNS)
  • April 16 — Research from various outlets indicates Easter is recognized by 95% of U.S. adults, with 79% planning to celebrate it in 2025. Two-thirds (66%) believe in the biblical account of Jesus’ resurrection, though many fail to grasp its theological significance for their lives, presenting an opportunity for pastors to help churchgoers understand not just that the resurrection happened, but the difference it makes in the world. (Lifeway Research)
  • April 16 — In Nicaragua, Holy Week is proving far less joyous than usual, marked by government surveillance and repression under the Ortega regime. Public processions are banned, churches are monitored, and clergy face restrictions, with many exiled or silenced. Yet despite the risks and challenges, Cardinal Leopoldo Brenes preaches forgiveness and hope, emphasizing faith’s resilience. (Aleteia)
  • April 15 — In Uganda, the Way of the Cross unites Catholics, Anglicans, and Orthodox Christians in a reenactment of Jesus’ Holy Week journey to Calvary. Organized by the Uganda Joint Christian Council, the processions symbolize Christ’s sacrifice and promote unity, faith, and national reflection amidst Uganda’s social and political challenges. This year’s rare alignment of the Easter date provides additional significance to the celebrations. (Religion Unplugged)
  • April 15 — This year, Christians of all denominations will celebrate Easter (or Pascha as it’s known in Orthodox churches) on the same day, a rare alignment of the Julian and Gregorian calendars. This coincides with the 1,700th anniversary of the First Council of Nicaea, which established key Christian doctrines and sought unsuccessfully to unify the date of Easter. Churches Together in England (CTE) issued a statement celebrating the occasion. (Christian Today)
  • April 14 — We know taxes were as reviled in Jesus’ time as in our own — but a new discovery shows how far some would go to avoid them. A recently analyzed papyrus discovered in the Judean desert details a Roman tax-evasion trial involving two men accused of forgery, fiscal fraud, and sham slave sales. It also sheds light on the sophisticated, extensive Roman tax system. The trial’s outcome is unknown; penalties ranged from fines to execution. (The New York Times, paywalled)
  • April 14 — “The mark where the ropes have been?” Though nails have long been a focus of Christian imagery, Bible scholar Jeffrey P. Arroyo García notes that the Gospels do not specify their use in the crucifixion. Whether by ropes or nails, crucifixion was a common and incredibly painful punishment in the Roman Empire, causing slow death by asphyxiation. Above all, García says, he hopes to encourage closer reading of the Gospel texts. (Christianity Today)
  • April 13 — Yesterday was Palm Sunday, the day that kicks off Holy Week (the most important week in the Christian calendar, and indeed all of history) with Jesus’ entry into Jerusalem riding on a donkey. See pictures of over 2.3 billion Christians celebrating the holiday worldwide, in places as diverse as Ukraine and Russia, Jerusalem and Gaza, India and Pakistan, Nigeria and Congo, and many more — united in worship despite hardship and division on earth. (The Guardian)
  • April 13 — Amid widespread warnings about the dangers of AI, one developer has a very different prediction. At the Missional AI 2025 summit in Texas, Google DeepMind’s Richard Zhang suggested AI could deepen understanding of God and point to Jesus even as it “blur[s] the lines between humanity, robots, and God.” The event also showcased AI’s role in Bible translation by reducing “drudgery” and aiding mission work in difficult regions. (Christianity Daily)

Week of April 6

  • April 11 — A workshop in Ethiopia is preserving the ancient Christian tradition of manuscript creation. Using goat skin parchment, bamboo pens, and inks made from natural materials, artisans meticulously handwrite sacred texts, often taking months or years, before sending them on for use in churches and monasteries. The process, rooted in methods dating back 2000 years, now incorporates both ancient and modern styles. (The Guardian)
  • April 11 — Spirituality in the UK is experiencing a “quiet revival,” with churches reporting increased attendance, conversions, and baptisms, particularly among Gen Z. A recent Bible Society report highlights a rise in churchgoing Christians from 8% to 12% of the population since 2018, especially in Catholic and Pentecostal congregations. This report partially attributes the changes to a post-COVID search for hope and meaning. (The Gospel Coalition)
  • April 10 — The American Bible Society began releasing its annual State of the Bible report exploring U.S. Bible trends and perceptions across a range of demographics. Among Chapter 1’s highlights: Bible use is up 29% among Millennials and 19% among men over last year, and two-thirds of Bible readers access the Bible digitally through apps and websites like Bible Gateway. New chapters release monthly, so stay tuned for more! (American Bible Society)
  • April 10 — The Jesus Film Project, a ministry of Cru, has reached its 2,200th translation with the release of the film in the Bouna dialect of the Kulango language, spoken in Côte d’Ivoire. Begun in 1979, the project’s mission is to make the story of Jesus accessible worldwide, especially to communities with limited literacy. Through collaborations with local voice actors, churches, and volunteers, it has become the most translated film ever. (Christian Daily)
  • April 10 — Thousands of Christians are expected to gather in Mexico City for the 30th annual March for Jesus on April 19. The event, featuring dances, floats, concerts, and evangelism, reflects a growing spiritual openness in Mexico. Originally led by Dr. Carlos Quiroa and now overseen by his son Pablo, the march aims to bring hope and unity amidst the country’s ongoing challenges, including violence and human rights issues. (Christian Daily)
  • April 10 — A study by Christian jewelry maker My Cross identified the top U.S. city for Christian engagement, with surprising results: New York City scored a perfect 100 (which does raise some methodology questions). Though only 57% of its residents identify as Christian, the city boasts nearly 9,000 Christian nonprofits, the highest in the nation, and ranks second in church density. (Religion Unplugged)
  • April 9 — The Korean Bible Society held a dedication service for the New Korean Bible, a modern translation aimed at the next generation of Korean Christians. Completed after 13 years of work by 36 scholars and linguists, it balances faithfulness to the original texts with contemporary Korean language. At the service, Rev. Woonsung Kim emphasized the church’s mission to proclaim and embody biblical teachings in daily life. (Christian Daily)
  • April 9 — The 2025 Zenger Prizes honored exceptional journalism rooted in on-the-ground reporting and a biblical ethic. Winners included Amitabh Parashar (BBC) for a story on saving baby girls in India, Miriam Jordan (NYT) for aiding Afghan women in California, and McKay Coppins (The Atlantic) for insights on Trump rally prayers. Other publications receiving awards included Wall Street Journal, Christianity Today, and more. (Religion Unplugged)
  • April 8 — A third-century Christian hymn, discovered on ancient papyrus, has been revived as “The First Hymn” for modern worship. The hymn, notable for its early Trinitarian theology, was reimagined with contemporary music by John Dickson of Wheaton College working alongside Grammy-winning songwriters Chris Tomlin and Ben Fielding. The song will receive global release on April 11 with a documentary debuting April 14. (Baptist Press)
  • April 8 — Chalk it up to Jesus: A group of 70 Christian students from Western Kentucky University (WKU) participated in a unique initiative to spread the Gospel by chalking the entire Gospel of John — 879 verses — across their campus sidewalks. The event, part of the growing “Gospel Chalk Movement,” was a joint effort by several campus ministries aiming to share the message of hope and faith amidst global uncertainty. (Aleteia)
  • April 8 — A recent study found that 99% of U.S. Protestant churches use at least one of 11 methods to welcome guests. Popular approaches include greeters at entrances, meeting the pastor after services, and visitor cards. Larger and smaller churches use different methods, while ethnicity and pastor age also factor in. Practices like information sessions and guest recognition have declined, partly due to COVID changes. (Lifeway Research)
  • April 7 — Recent Barna research reveals a significant rise in belief in Jesus among U.S. adults, now at 66% — up 12 percentage points since 2021. This growth is driven by Gen Z and Millennials, particularly young men. Critically, many new followers of Jesus do not identify as Christian, reflecting a trend of spiritual openness without church affiliation (likely influencing other studies of religious demographics). (Barna)
  • April 7 — Researchers from a group called Noah’s Ark Scans are investigating a 538-foot-long geological formation in eastern Turkey resembling the dimensions of Noah’s Ark described in Genesis. Initial findings using soil tests, radar scans, and other non-invasive methods seem promising, but require further analysis. The team may consider excavation if evidence supports their theories, while prioritizing preservation of the site. (New York Post)

Week of March 30

  • April 4 — A pyramidal structure was found on a hilltop in the Judean Desert overlooking the Dead Sea. Originally dated to the First Temple period, it has been redated to the Hellenistic era (332–37 BC) based on coins and other well-preserved artifacts discovered at the site, such as papyrus fragments, weapons, and fabrics. Built with massive hand-hewn stones, its purpose remains uncertain — possibly a guard tower, grave, or monument. (Biblical Archaeology Society)
  • April 4 — The Word for Word Bible Comic, created by British illustrator Simon Amadeus Pillario, transforms the Bible into a graphic novel series aimed at adults and older teens. It includes every word of scripture (NIV), while relying on careful research to depict settings, characters, and events authentically. The comics address mature themes, making them unsuitable for children but accessible to those who find traditional Bibles intimidating. (Religion Unplugged)
  • April 3 — Following two devastating earthquakes in Myanmar, a coalition of evangelical alliances are hosting a global online prayer event on April 5 at 8:30am ET. The earthquakes have killed over 3,000 people, injured thousands, and left many missing. Relief efforts are hindered by damaged roads and power outages. The prayer event aims to support survivors, emergency responders, and relief organizations during the crisis. (Christian Daily)
  • April 3 — How biblically accurate was Season 1 of House of David? Covering 1 Samuel 15–17, it focused on Saul’s rejection, David’s anointing, and Goliath’s defeat. It adds subplots inspired by tradition and context but not addressed in the Bible, such as David’s family dynamics, Saul’s monogamy, and Goliath’s origins. While some elements align with scripture and history, others, like Saul’s son Eshbaal seizing the throne, are fictional. (Christianity Today)
  • April 3 — The 169-foot-tall Eternal Wall of Answered Prayer is set to begin construction this summer near Birmingham, UK. Inspired by the Möbius strip, the infinity-loop structure will feature 1 million white bricks, each digitally linked to a story of answered prayer from both ordinary individuals and historical figures. Initially delayed due to rising costs and design challenges, the project is now on track to open in autumn 2027. (Christianity Daily)
  • April 2 — Due to high demand, the annual Priestly Blessing in Jerusalem will be held twice this Passover, featuring released hostages, their families, and wounded soldiers, with live online broadcasts planned. The Western Wall Heritage Foundation removed tens of thousands of prayer notes for ritual burial ahead of the ceremony. Many others were submitted online, even from citizens of countries hostile to Israel, expressing hopes for peace. (Israel Nation News)
  • April 1 — Also not April Fools (or the plot of the next Mummy movie): A three-year-old girl discovered a 3,800-year-old Canaanite scarab amulet at the biblical site where David is said to have battled Goliath. The scarab will be displayed in a special exhibit by the Israel Antiquities Authority in Jerusalem (hopefully without inadvertently awakening any ancient magic, armies of the undead, etc.). (Times of Israel)
  • April 1 — Not April Fools: A shocking study by the Cultural Research Center at Arizona Christian University found that only 11% of Americans believe in the Trinity, with slightly higher rates among self-identified Christians (16%) and born-again Christians (24%). Meanwhile, only 53% of Christians “believe that God exists and affects people’s lives.” The findings suggest a decline in Biblical literacy and understanding of core Christian doctrines. (Christianity Daily)
  • April 1 — The World Evangelical Alliance (WEA) is seeking a new secretary general to unite its 600 million members, following Thomas Schirrmacher’s resignation last year. The WEA has faced criticism from groups in Korea and Europe over theological concerns and its association with Catholicism. The new leader, expected to be announced in October, will need to address these divisions and foster global unity while upholding evangelical values. (Christianity Today)
  • April 1 — Neuroscience suggests humans are “hardwired” for faith. Prayer and worship light up multiple brain regions tied to empathy, focus, and emotional regulation. Spending 30 minutes in prayer, four days a week, has been shown to reduce stress and increase compassion. Not all prayer is equal, though: love-centered prayers have the biggest impact, while fear-based views of God trigger stress responses. (RELEVANT)
  • April 1 — Baptist groups are redoubling efforts to spread the Gospel globally through humanitarian aid. The Baptist World Alliance’s “Stand in the Gap” initiative is raising funds for urgent needs in areas like DR Congo and Myanmar. Meanwhile, Southern Baptists’ Send Relief responded to a deadly earthquake in Myanmar and Thailand, providing food, water, and shelter to thousands. Both organizations call for donations and prayer. (Baptist Press and Christian Daily)
  • March 31 — A survey by Fusion and Savanta found that just 29% of Christian students (and 12% of non-Christian ones) in the UK read the Bible weekly, though often only through social media snippets. Half of all students believe the Bible is relevant today. Despite these mixed opinions, many are curious about the Bible, and Fusion says there is a huge opportunity to foster spiritual transformation through greater Scriptural engagement. (Premier)
  • March 30 — The little-known Bible story of Zelophehad’s daughters (Numbers 27:1-11) might be the oldest recorded women’s rights campaign. Five sisters successfully petitioned Moses to inherit their father’s property after his death without a male heir. Their case led to a change in Mosaic law and set a precedent that has influenced theological and political debates for millennia, including royal succession in England and Scotland. (Christian Today)
  • March 30 — Booming Bible sales in the UK and (gradual, tepid) church growth in the U.S. New takes on science vs. faith and St. Patrick vs. snakes. Pope Francis, home from the hospital, and Butch Wilmore, home from space, both credited Jesus with sustaining them. Church renewal conferences were held in Africa, Korea, Europe — just about everywhere … and a guy whose blood saved 2.4 million unborn babies. Revisit the biggest, strangest, and most inspiring Bible and church news stories of March!

View news archives here.

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Look at the Book: 1 Corinthians [Infographic]

“Look at the Book” is Bible Gateway’s series of short blog posts and infographics introducing you to the books of the Bible. Paul’s First Letter to the Corinthians contains the famous “love chapter” (1 Cor. 13) often read at weddings, though Paul intends that love to be for all people (not just between couples).

Scroll to the bottom if you’d prefer to see (and save) this article as an infographic. You’ll also find a handy 30-day reading guide. Or, for a challenge, you can do it in one week using the 7-day reading guide below.

Summary

The theme of the letter revolves around the problems of faith, hope, and love and stresses the need for believers in Christ to continually develop holy character.

  • Category: Epistle
  • Theme: Conduct
  • Timeline: Written around AD 55

Key Verse

“And now these three remain: faith, hope and love. But the greatest of these is love.” — 1 Corinthians 13:13 (NIV)

Sin and Righteousness

Although the major thrust of this epistle is corrective of behavior rather than of doctrine, Paul gives teaching on many doctrines that directly relate to the matters of sin and righteousness. Wrong living always stems from wrong belief. God’s plan for marriage and the family, proper worship, the church, and the Lord’s Supper are among the topics Paul addresses.

7 Day Reading Guide

(See 30-day guide below.)

Healing Division

Paul wrote this letter to the church in Corinth, a thriving city in Greece, in response to information he received about divisions and deteriorating spiritual conditions in the church.

Access the rest of the series. Browse Bible studies for each book of the Bible. Or right-click on the infographic below to download and save the image for your reference. 

Infographic depicting major themes and content from 1 Corinthians

Guide to All the Judges of Israel in Order [Chart]

The book of Judges is the seventh book in the Bible and the second of the historical books that follow the Torah/Pentateuch. It recounts the period after the Israelites, led by Joshua, conquer and lay claim to the land God had promised them as slaves in Egypt. It opens with the death of Joshua … and things quickly go downhill from there.

Most of Judges is based on the stories of 12 (kind of 12.5) leaders, known as “judges.” Unlike courtroom judges of today, the title of “judge” (from the Hebrew shofet) had a much broader meaning then. They were something like clan chieftains: military leaders who served as the head of the tribe and the central decision-maker, but lacked the organizational power structure of a king or queen.

The Book of Judges: Structure, Summary, and Dates

The general structure of Judges is a repeated cycle of sin, punishment, and deliverance, which gradually worsens as the book goes on. In each case, the Israelites abandon their God, ignore his statutes, and lose his protection. One of Israel’s local enemies then rises up to oppress them until they repent and request deliverance, whereupon God relents and calls a leader to unite and protect them. That typically lasts until the leader’s death, when the cycle begins again. (This pattern is described directly in the book itself, Jdg. 2:11-23.)

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The first few judges are overall devout, honorable leaders obedient to the Lord, and their efforts are largely successful at establishing long-lasting peace in the land. After Deborah, though, their quality begins to decline, starting with the doubting and vengeful Gideon and ending with the mighty yet narcissistic and irascible Samson. And it gets even worse after his death: no more leaders emerge, and in the last five chapters of the book, the Israelites descend into brutal violence, chaos, and civil war.

The dating of the book of Judges is notoriously difficult. Dates in the ancient world were typically based on kings’ reigns, and as Judges so frequently reminds us, “In those days there was no king in Israel” (Jdg. 17:6, 18:1, 19:1, 21:25). It’s generally believed to have happened roughly between 1400-1000 BC, but probably wasn’t written down until much later — likely during the events of 2 Kings.

The 12 Judges of Israel

Here is a brief overview of each leader in the book of judges.

Table listing the twelve judges of Israel along with their verses, tribes, enemies, years active, and proposed dates

Othniel

  • Judges 3:7-11
  • Tribe: Judah
  • Enemy: Aram (8 years of oppression)
  • Proposed dates: 1367-1327 BC

Othniel defeats King Cushan-rishathaim of Aram-naharaim, ushering in 40 years of peace for Israel.

Ehud

  • Judges 3:12-30
  • Tribe: Benjamin
  • Enemy: Moab (18 years of oppression)
  • Proposed dates: 1309-1229 BC

Ehud, who the text specifies as being left-handed, is most known for assassinating King Eglon of Moab by hiding a short sword in his pants and requesting a private audience with the king. He then buries the entire foot-and-a-half-long blade and hilt in the obese King Eglon’s stomach.

Moab’s defeat is followed by 80 years of peace for Israel — by far the longest armistice in the book.

Shamgar

  • Judges 3:31
  • Tribe: Unknown
  • Enemy: Philistines
  • Proposed dates: Unknown

Little is known about Shamgar, who exists in the Bible mostly as a footnote to Ehud, other than that he “also” rescued Israel. His claim to fame is striking down 600 Philistines with an animal prod.

Deborah

  • Judges 4-5
  • Naphtali
  • Enemy: Canaan (20 years of oppression)
  • Proposed dates: 1209-1169 BC

Deborah was a prophetess and the only female judge. Upon rising to power, she instructs her general Barak to lead her army against Canaan, who had been oppressing Israel for 20 years under King Jabin and his General Sisera. Barak refuses to go without Deborah by his side, a request which she readily obliges. Together with 10,000 men they defeat Sisera’s army, which includes 900 iron chariots (we are not told how many men), leaving none alive.

Sisera himself escapes, however, and hides in the tent of Jael, a woman whose house is neutral in the conflict. While he sleeps, she drives a tent peg through his skull with a hammer.

His great general thus defeated, King Jabin is considerably weakened and soon defeated by the Israelites.

Gideon

  • Judges 6-8
  • Tribe: Manasseh
  • Enemy: Midian (7 of oppression)
  • Proposed dates: 1162-1122 BC

Gideon initially doubts God’s call and requests a sign, which the Lord provides. The Lord then asks Gideon to destroy the altars to Baal and the Asherah poles the Israelites have been using for worship. When the people discover his actions the next day, they call for Gideon’s execution — but his father Joash says Baal could argue his own case against Gideon, earning Gideon the epithet Jerubbaal, “let Baal argue with him.”

Gideon, still unconvinced, requests another sign (or two) before battle with Midian: first that there would be dew only on his fleece and not on the ground, and then only on the ground and not on his fleece. Both times God accepts and provides the requested sign.

Once Gideon is finally ready, though, God tells Gideon he has too many men, which might cause them to take credit for their own salvation. At God’s request, Gideon announces that anyone who wants may go home; 22,000 do so, which leaves 10,000 remaining. God decides that is still too many, so he narrows them down to just 300. With that number they attack at night and rout the entire Midianite army.

Here’s where it starts to get grisly. The people of Succoth and Penuel refuse to provide sustenance for Gideon’s army while they chase the Midianite generals Zebah and Zalmunna across the Jordan River. So after he catch them, Gideon returns and beats their leaders, destroys the tower of Penuel, and slaughters the local residents.

Finally, in a misguided effort to represent the Lord, Gideon has a golden idol built for his people to worship.

Abimelech

  • Judges 9
  • Tribe: Manasseh (Son of Gideon)
  • Enemy: Shechem and Thebez
  • Proposed dates: Unknown

Abimelech is often excluded from the list of judges due to his especially ignoble and short-lived reign, but he does occupy an entire chapter of the narrative and conform to the book’s overall pattern of societal degradation.

After his death, Gideon’s son Abimelech convinces the people of Shechem to follow him, and then kills all 70 of his brothers except for Jotham, the youngest, who is in hiding.

Jotham emerges to proclaim a powerful fable (Jdg. 9:7-15) about trees begging for a king. The olive tree, fig tree, and vine refuse — only the thornbush agrees to become king, as it has no better work to do. Jotham prophesies according to the fable that Abimelech and Shechem will destroy each other. He then flees to another city.

Three years later, God stirs up Shechem to betray Abimelech as punishment for his fratricide, so Abimelech captures and razes the city, putting its residents to the sword.

He then continues on to Thebez, where all the inhabitants are hiding inside a tower. Abimelech attempts to storm the tower, but a woman drops a millstone on his head, fracturing his skull. Embarrassed to be slain by a woman, he asks his squire to stab him with his sword instead.

Thus God’s vengeance is paid on Abimelech and Shechem and Jotham’s prophecy was fulfilled.

Tola and Jair

  • Judges 10:1-5
  • Tribe: Issachar (Tola) and Gilead (Jair)
  • Enemy: Unknown
  • Proposed dates: Unknown

Little is known of Tola, beyond that he led Israel for 23 years.

The Bible says barely more of Jair. He led Israel for 22 years, and had 30 sons who rode 30 donkeys and controlled 30 towns in Gilead.

Jephthah

  • Judges 10:6-12:7
  • Tribe: Gilead
  • Enemies: Philistines, Ammonites, Ephraimites (18 years of oppression)
  • Proposed dates: 1078-1072 BC

After the death of Jair, when the Israelites turn once again to idolatry and immorality, God states that he is done rescuing Israel because of their unfaithfulness. But in the end he can’t stand to see them suffer.

Jephthah was the son of a prostitute by the leader of Gilead, who was initially driven out by his half-brothers. But they beg him to return and lead them after the Ammonites attack, as he had become a mighty warrior.

Jephthah first attempts to reason with the Ammonites, asking them to preserve the borders of the lands given to Israel by the Lord and to Ammon by their god, Chemosh. But they refuse (possibly because Chemosh was Moab’s god, not theirs — oops).

So Jephthah vows that if the Lord gives him victory he will sacrifice the first thing that comes out of his house when he returns. The Lord, of course, obliges — but when Jephthah returns home victorious, it is his young daughter who emerges. She asks for two months to wander the hills crying over her fate, after which he does indeed sacrifice her.

Later, the Ephraimites also attack, but Jephthah defeats them and kills 42,000 of them.

Ibzan, Elon, and Abdon

  • Judges 12:8-15
  • Tribes: Unknown (Ibzan and Abdon), Zebulun (Elon)
  • Enemy: Unknown
  • Proposed dates: Unknown

The next three judges receive only two or three verses each, giving very few details on them or their leadership.

First is Ibzan, who led Israel for seven years. All we are told is that he had 30 sons and 30 daughters, and married them all outside of his clan.

We are told nothing at all about Elon other than that he was from the tribe of Zebulun and led Israel for 10 years.

Perhaps most perplexing (or amusing) is Abdon, who led Israel for eight years: he had 40 sons and 30 grandsons mounted on 70 donkeys.

Samson

  • Judges 13-16 
  • Tribe: Dan
  • Enemy: Philistines (40 years of oppression)
  • Proposed dates: 1075-1055 BC

Samson is the most famous of the judges and receives the lengthiest treatment, even including a neatly constructed birth narrative that will serve as a “Chekhov’s gun” for his eventual death. A messenger of the Lord commands his mother that he will be a Nazirite from birth to death — which means, among other things, his hair cannot be cut. Ever.

Samson’s Philistine Wife

When Samson comes of age, he falls in love with and marries a Philistine woman, against his parents’ wishes. On the way to meet her he accomplishes his first feat of strength, killing a lion with his bare hands. Later, he eats honey from its corpse.

At his wedding feast Samson makes a bet with the locals, asking them to decipher a riddle about his encounters with the lion. If they can’t solve it in seven days, he wins. Stumped, the people convince his new wife to make him tell her the answer. When he discovers this treachery, Samson kills 30 Philistines in anger and goes home without his wife.

Later, he returns to find that his wife’s father, thinking Samson had abandoned her, married her to another man. (This was considered a legal and just practice at the time.) In a rage, Samson catches 30 foxes, ties torches to their tails, and sets them loose in the Philistines’ grain fields and vineyards, burning them to the ground. In retaliation, the Philistines burn his wife and her father.

Again Samson flees back to his home, only to be imprisoned by the people of Judah in order to turn him in to their Philistine rulers. But when he sees the Philistines, his ropes melt away instantly. Grabbing a nearby donkey’s jawbone, Samson kills 1,000 men. After this battle, the Philistines defeated, Samson leads Israel for 20 years.

Samson and Delilah

Eventually, Samson falls in love with a woman named Delilah. Echoing the story of his first wife, the Philistines convince Delilah to find the secret of Samson’s strength. Three times she asks and three times he lies to her. But on the fourth he tells her the truth: as a Nazirite, his hair has never seen a razor. If his head is shaved, his strength will leave him and he will become as weak as anyone else.

So as Samson slumbers in her lap, Delilah has a man shave his head. When he awakens with the strength of a normal man he is quickly captured, his eyes are gouged out, and he is brought in chains to work the mill in a prison in Gaza. But his hair starts growing back….

As humiliation, Samson is made to perform in front of a crowd of Philistines and their rulers in the temple of their god Dagon. Afterwards, as he stands between the temple’s two great pillars, he prays to God for his strength to return to exact one last act of revenge against the Philistines. God grants his prayer, and he tears down the temple atop himself, killing “more people in his death than he did during his life” (Jdg. 16:30 CEB).

Judges’ Epilogue: What Came Next?

No other judges arose after the death of Samson. Instead there were various episodes of petty conflict between people, towns, and tribes as the Israelites descended into greater and greater chaos, cruelty, and anarchy. In many of these stories the Lord barely features. They are punctuated by the refrain, “in those days there was no king in Israel…” (Jdg. 17:6, 18:1, 19:1, 21:25).

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It isn’t until 1 Samuel 8 that things have become bad enough for Israel that they finally demand a king from God to keep them in order. God, through Samuel, issues a warning: this king will take their children, livestock, and fields; impose taxes on all their production; and treat them like slaves. Yet the people insist, and God agrees.

This will work out well for them… for a while. (And then — very, very badly.)

How Is Ruth Connected to the Book of Judges?

In Christian Bibles Ruth appears between Judges and 1 Samuel, interrupting the flow of the narrative. Why?

Ruth takes place during the time of judges (Ruth 1:1) but it’s impossible to get any better sense of when during that roughly 400-year period its events unfolded.

On the surface, Ruth tells a sweet story about a young Moabite woman and her Israelite mother-in-law Naomi, both of whom are widowed and decide to travel back to Israel from Moab. Ruth vows to accompany Naomi, join her people, and worship her God. When they arrive, Ruth meets an Israelite man named Boaz; they fall in love, get married, and live happily ever after.

But this little book is doing some deceptively heavy lifting. It’s a critical counterpoint to some of the events in Joshua and Judges, a demonstration of how even amid the societal degradation of that era, people could achieve peace and happiness by setting aside their differences and living devout, ethical lives.

More than that, it is extremely significant that Ruth is a Moabite — a people who Joshua and Judges portray as mortal enemies of the Israelites, ordained by God for destruction. Yet Ruth is also a direct ancestor of David, and through him, of Jesus Christ.

It’s a classic example of the Bible’s commentary on itself, a reminder that what the Israelite people believe to be their divine mandate is not always what God truly intends.

Learn More About Judges With Bible Gateway Plus

The book of Judges is a fascinating look at the sad decline of a promising society into utter moral decay and self-destruction. (It’s also, as someone at seminary once told me, “the most metal book in the Bible.”)

It’s an often overlooked but important chapter in the history of Israel, as it lays the groundwork for both the Davidic monarchy and its downfall. And it’s a testament to God’s unfailing covenantal devotion to his people despite their — our — constant turning away.

This post barely scratches the surface of everything there is to glean from this amazing story. Get the full picture with a free trial of Bible Gateway Plus, where you can peruse dozens of Study Bibles, commentaries, encyclopedias, maps, and other resources to fully understand the characters, culture, and history of Judges.

April 2025 Bible Verse Calendar

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Here’s your daily Bible Gateway verse calendar for the month of April! Click each link below to read the verse in your preferred translation — or download the image (or PDF) of all verse references.

April Bible Readings

Get the most out of your Bible reading — including each of the above verses — with a free trial of Bible Gateway Plus. Access dozens of Study Bibles, dictionaries, commentaries, and other resources to go deeper into every aspect of God’s Word. Try it today!

List of Bible verses for April 2025

From Wounds to Healing: How to Let God Redeem Your Pain and Transform Others

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It was a wet, gray Saturday in January — the sort of winter day I’ve grown accustomed to in Portland. We were driving up to Mount Hood where, in less than an hour, the drizzle would turn into a magical snow globe, perfect for sledding. My sons Hank and Simon, five and three years old at the time, had dozed off in the back seat.

Felix sat next to me in the passenger’s seat.

I met Felix while volunteering at an organization serving dinner to the houseless and hungry. He was in the rehabilitation program, nearing the end of his first year of sobriety. One thing led to another, and through serving side by side Felix and I grew into friends.

I’d swung by the sober house to pick him up and now, stuck in traffic on our way out of the city, Felix and I were talking the way you do on a road trip — meandering conversation about anything and everything, letting the dialogue wander.

“Tell me about your kids. I’ve never heard you talk about your kids,” I said, filling a lull in the banter.

Felix is the father of two, both in their early twenties, a son and a daughter. He hadn’t seen either of them in over a decade but had occasionally told me stories of when they were Hank and Simon’s age — when he was still in their lives. That was before a string of prison sentences exceeding two decades, a bout with drug use, and a long absence that their relationship had never recovered from.

So I asked about them — their names, where they lived, what they were doing. And he just got quiet. Eventually I looked over, and he was softly weeping, this hulking giant of a man wiping tears from his weathered cheeks. He kept opening his mouth in an attempt to respond, but the emotion wouldn’t allow him to get a word out.

Felix had served three separate prison sentences. He’d used and sold drugs. He had a thousand nights he couldn’t remember. And then he met Jesus, and we’d celebrated God’s forgiveness together! But this — the dad he wished he’d been and still couldn’t forgive himself for not being — this was the untouchable place in him, the shame he kept covered, the one wound he’d convinced himself God’s grace couldn’t reach.

The Holy Spirit Is Inseparable From Our Suffering

The New Testament is unflinchingly honest about both the power of God and the suffering of this world. The book of Acts tells plenty of stories of supernatural power, God’s indwelling presence working in ordinary people in miraculous ways. But it’s equally chock-full of suffering, confusion, and pain.

If you tell the story of the Holy Spirit apart from the world of suffering, you rip the story from its context and turn a gritty, real-life hope into a fairy tale — a hollow fable that’s entertaining in peace but powerless in chaos. This creates a false division between the heart of God and the power of God, a misconception that God is more present in a dimly lit auditorium full of inspired people than in a car stuck in traffic on a road trip.

That won’t do because the truth is that every last one of us is Felix in that passenger seat, a living mixture of redemption worth celebrating and persistent patterns of chaos. We have all been rescued by a God of perfect love, and the plotlines of our redemption stories are breathtaking. But we all have unfinished storylines where pain is more apparent than renewal and suffering is more profound than rescue.

When the biblical authors use the metaphor of water to introduce us to the person of the Holy Spirit, they draw together what we are ever-tempted to separate: unflinching honesty about the suffering of this world and unwavering hope in a Redeemer who gets his work done in the darkest places.

God Heals Through Our Wounds

Felix sat there, weeping and speechless in the passenger seat. His past mistakes loomed with a shadow where he kept his deepest wound hidden from everyone. Even God. Even himself.

Felix knows about chaos. He knows — personally and intimately — the agony of addiction, the exhausting search for today’s fix, the dehumanizing robbery of true life in the name of a numb escape. All of it. But he also knows about the Spirit whose waters flow into dead places and bring life.

Felix has become like a father to my children, particularly my youngest. Amos runs to him every Sunday morning at church and won’t leave his arms. Each time I see Felix — one hand raised in worship, the other cradling my two-year-old little boy — I become tearful thinking of that Saturday stuck in traffic. I see the Spirit slowly but profoundly healing Felix’s deepest wounds, hovering over his personal chaos, exposing his shame not to condemn but to restore.

Felix also serves as the head chef of Night Strike, Portland’s largest ministry serving the houseless, hungry, and addicted. He learned to cook in prison, where he was assigned kitchen duty, and now cooks for hundreds of self-imprisoned, wounded individuals every Thursday evening. Felix came to Jesus to drink of living water, and streams of living water now flow from within him. Because from his wounds, God is healing others.

And, of course, Felix is still waiting. He’s waiting on the day he lives in the redeemed city. Waiting for the God who will swallow up all his deepest desires in God’s consuming presence. Waiting on the chaos to subside once and for all. He’s waiting. But in the meantime? Felix has planted himself in the place where his wounds bleed hope to those similarly wounded.

You, Too, Can Be a Healer

God’s not in search of a remarkable few who have it figured out. There aren’t any spells to master. By the Spirit, the powerfully healed become power healers.

By Jesus’ wounds we are healed. And by our wounds we join in the healing of the world. The Holy Spirit’s healing presence means that the addicted can become a safe harbor for others to find freedom. The depressed can be filled with incomprehensible joy and then give it away. The insecure can become courageous, inviting people into the very life they previously hid. The quick-tempered can be flooded with self-control, so that their transformation heals those they’ve wronged. The chronically anxious can become a non-anxious presence in their high-strung workplace, pouring living water into the Dead Sea.

It goes on and on in every variety imaginable. Our deepest wounds, healed and redeemed by the Holy Spirit, become the sources of living water flowing with teeming life into the broken places in our world.


Cover of "The Familiar Stranger" by Tyler Staton

Adapted from The Familiar Stranger: (Re)Introducing the Holy Spirit to Those in Search of an Experiential Spirituality by Tyler Staton.

Christians today are hungry for authentic spiritual experiences, yet all too often they don’t have the knowledge of or relationship with the Holy Spirit that is the key to a fully alive spirituality. In The Familiar Stranger, pastor and author Tyler Staton draws on Scripture, tradition, and spiritual practices to help you step into a genuine relationship with the Holy Spirit.

The Familiar Stranger will challenge, inform, and encourage believers from every background to become more deeply acquainted with the Person and work of the Holy Spirit — and experience his transformative, life-giving power in their lives.

Look at the Book: Romans [Infographic]

“Look at the Book” is Bible Gateway’s series of short blog posts and infographics introducing you to the books of the Bible. With Romans, we move into a new Biblical genre: the epistle. It’s the first letter in the Bible, but not the first one Paul wrote.

Scroll to the bottom if you’d prefer to see (and save) this article as an infographic. You’ll also find a handy 30-day reading guide. Or, for a challenge, you can do it in one week using the 7-day reading guide below.

Summary

A letter from Paul to a church he did not found and hadn’t visited to provide an overview of his theology. Widely regarded as his greatest letter.

  • Category: Epistle
  • Theme: Righteousness
  • Timeline: Written from Corinth, toward the end of Paul’s 3rd missionary journey, c. AD 57

Key Verse

“For in the gospel the righteousness of God is revealed — a righteousness that is by faith from first to last, just as it is written: “‘The righteous will live by faith.’” — Romans 1:17 (NIV)

Paul’s Doctrinal and Practical Instruction

Structure of theology in Romans:

  1. Condemnation (Rm 1:18–3:20)
  2. Justification (Rm 3:21–5:21)
  3. Sanctification (Rm 6:1–8:39)
  4. Restoration (Rm 9:1–11:36)
  5. Application (Rm 12:1–15:13)

Unlike some of Paul’s other epistles, his purpose for writing was not to correct wrong theology or rebuke ungodly living. The Roman church was doctrinally sound, but was in need of the rich doctrinal and practical instruction this letter provides.

7 Day Reading Guide

(See 30-day guide below.)

Reaching New Believers

Paul’s primary purpose in writing Romans was to teach the great truths of the gospel of grace to believers who had never received apostolic instruction.

Access the rest of the series. Browse Bible studies for each book of the Bible. Or right-click on the infographic below to download and save the image for your reference. 

Infographic depicting major themes and content from Romans

Psalm 91: A Door to Mental Health in Troubled Times

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I have been a lover of the book of Psalms for more than 40 years. I read them, study them, memorize them, pray them. I’ve been a Christian therapist for almost the same amount of time. Over the years, my calling and career have grown into a ministry with global reach — which has given us a unique look into the mental health of the church and of the world in general. And I’m concerned with what I see. 

On the one hand, mental health resources have never been more widely available. The number of mental health professionals (therapists, psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers) are at an all-time high, as are community centers, campus services and even grade-school mental health programs. The developments in science, like neurofeedback and psychopharmacological drugs to assist mental health, are also at their most advanced point in history. 

And yet, every mental health professional will tell you we are not anywhere near meeting the need. The scale of our global mental health crisis is overwhelming even all these resources.  

I do not know a single therapist that has an opening; everyone has long waiting lists. When you read statistics like the fact that nearly one in every two young adults report a struggle with anxiety, I feel that data is not a reflection on their personal weakness. (Many of you reading this can empathize.) I believe the tsunami of anxiety and depression are a kind of canary-in-the-coal-mine, an alarm.  

In the last 30 years anxiety disorders have risen 50 percent among adults. Currently, 45.3 percent of young adults have symptoms of an anxiety disorder. These are folks living in the unprecedented safety and comfort of America; I wonder what would the data be in places around the world experiencing civil war, earthquakes, political collapse? Humanity is feeling the intensity of the hour, and the need for a true place of emotional, mental, and spiritual refuge. 

While I believe in the important place of therapy and other medical responses to this, there is a spiritual angle too, which must not be forgotten. I am convinced that the resources of Jesus Christ, the Scriptures, and the church have been and will always be God‘s answer for human need. 

Enter the power of Psalm 91.  

Refuge for the Soul

Those who live in the shelter of the Most High 
   will find rest in the shadow of the Almighty. 
This I declare about the Lord: 
 He alone is my refuge, my place of safety; 
   he is my God, and I trust him. 
For he will rescue you from every trap 
   and protect you from deadly disease. 
He will cover you with his feathers.  
   He will shelter you with his wings. 
   His faithful promises are your armor and protection. (Ps. 91:1-4, NLT) 

The refuge being described here is unlike any other refuge in the world, because it is situated within God himself — the all powerful, unchanging, almighty Trinity!

Now today, we are all children of the Enlightenment, living in the era of the Internet, so we need to remind ourselves that the refuge being described here is real, substantive, actual, and not just a comforting thought. The shelter being offered in Psalm 91 is the presence of God. As the great English preacher Charles Spurgeon said in his commentary on the psalm in his book The Treasury of David

“No shelter can be imagined at all comparable to the protection of Jehovah’s own shadow. The Almighty himself is where his shadow is, and hence those who dwell in his secret place are shielded by himself.”

If we could lead people into an actual daily experience of this, I wonder how much those anxiety rates would plummet? When the soul feels safe, our bodies respond; our cortisol levels drop and we begin to experience the peace that has felt so elusive. 

And the great offer of Psalm 91 does not stop there, as you know… 

If you make the Lord your refuge, 
   if you make the Most High your shelter, 
no evil will conquer you; 
   no plague will come near your home. 
For he will order his angels 
   to protect you wherever you go. 
They will hold you up with their hands 
   so you won’t even hurt your foot on a stone. (Ps. 91:9-12, NLT) 

So then, we are faced with a question: How can we make this our own personal experience? How can we help others into it? I believe this requires a fresh way of thinking about and teaching Psalm 91. 

Not Merely Poetic Assurance

First off, we need to say very clearly that being safe and feeling safe are not the same thing. People with a fear of heights feel a surge of anxiety as they peer out the glass windows of a 17th story office building, but they are perfectly safe. There is zero chance of them falling. The child in its mother’s arms might leap in fear at the bark of a dog, but she is perfectly safe.  

Psalm 91 is a truth we embrace before it is an existential experience we enjoy. That is very important to grasp. 

Next, there is a critical “If” located in the psalm, right there in verse nine: “If you make the Lord your refuge.” Psalm 91 is something we choose not only to believe, but to participate in. This is the same “if” of John 15, when Jesus lays out a condition for life in him: 

“I am the vine; you are the branches. If you remain in me and I in you, you will bear much fruit; apart from me you can do nothing.” (Jn. 15:5, NIV)

If you remain in me. People take a very naïve view towards the refuge of God, and abiding in Christ (which are the same thing). I think most of us assume it’s just something that happens because we are  Christians. Not at all. It is something we choose

We choose to believe it, regardless of what our feelings might be doing in the moment.  

We choose to move towards it, when we love God, draw near to him, and practice his presence.  

We choose to stay within the refuge when we keep his commands. 

But there is more. 

We Are After Experience, Not Just Inspiration

One of the great failures of Christian discipleship in this hour has been the over-emphasis on the delivery of left-brain rational content, and a lack of mentoring into experiential union with Christ. If you read the saints of ages past, they speak of intimacy with Christ as if he were their best friend (the very thing Jesus himself spoke of throughout John 15, and in many, many other places).

Listen to these words by the French noblewoman Jeanne Guyon (who was imprisoned for her faith):

“I have found it easy to obtain the presence of God. He desires to be more present to us than we desire to seek Him. He desires to give Himself to us far more readily than we desire to receive Him … this is easier and more natural than breathing.”

“Easier than breathing” — wouldn’t that be lovely? But this isn’t just a spiritual dream. We can come to know this for ourselves. This experience of God’s presence and refuge is entirely available to you. The humble friar Brother Lawrence wrote the famous little book The Practice of the Presence of God in the 1600s. Listen to his daily reality: 

I cannot imagine how religious persons can live satisfied without the practice of the presence of God. For my part I keep myself retired with Him in the depth of the center of my soul as much as I can; and while I am so with Him I fear nothing; but the least turning from Him is insupportable. 

There is not in the world a kind of life more sweet and delightful, than that of a continual conversation with God; those only can comprehend it who practice and experience it.

Notice he said, “practice it.” This is so important. Intimacy with Jesus, coming into awareness of his presence and moving more deeply into it — is something we practice, just like riding a bike or playing an instrument. This is how we come into the experience of Psalm 91. And then, having learned the practice for ourselves, we can disciple others into it. 

A Few Simple Steps

Let me suggest a few simple steps to guide you: 

You do have to create sacred space, free from all distraction (hard to do in this hour when we are tied to our phones). Try ten minutes to begin with. Get into a quiet place. 

Use simple, soft instrumental music without lyrics. I like the offerings of William Augusto. (If you need your phone for music, put it on airplane mode.) 

Begin with simply loving Jesus: I love you Jesus. I love you, Lord. I love you. Not just once, but over and over. 

And then ask the Holy Spirit for his help: 

Holy Spirit, help me into the shelter of the Most High. Help me into the secret place of God’s presence. I choose to believe you are before I feel it. Thank you that you are. Now help me, Holy Spirit, to tune in. Help me experience the presence of God with me, in me, surrounding me. 

And then you just linger, loving Jesus. 

Cover of "Experience Jesus. Really." by John Eldredge

Your soul is made for union with Jesus Christ, and it will gravitate towards him. And just like anything else you’ve learned in your life, you will grow better at it over time. Ten minutes becomes twenty, then thirty, and the intimacy deepens. 

Then the “secret place” of Psalm 91 will become home for us, something we are able to access anytime, anywhere. Imagine how that would transform the spiritual dimension of our mental health and holistic wellbeing. Imagine with me what it would feel like if that became experiential reality for each of us. Imagine what that would mean for the world!

Learn more about finding refuge, strength, and wonder through everyday encounters with God in John’s new book and video Bible study, Experience Jesus. Really. Watch Session 1 below:

Why Galatians Matters Today

My parents tell me I was a curious child — always asking questions, challenging assumptions, and refusing to accept simple answers. I vividly remember the frustration of asking, “Why do I have to go to bed if I’m not tired?” only to hear the dreaded response, “Because I said so.” That answer so vexed my young soul that I swore I would never use it on my own children. 

Of course, as I grew, I realized that not everything in life is open for debate. Some things simply are. But my curiosity never faded — it just shifted toward deeper questions. How do we know there’s a God? How do we know Jesus really existed? How can believing in the right thing lead to eternal salvation? These weren’t just abstract thoughts; they were questions that shaped my understanding of faith. 

For a while, I drifted into what I now call “practical atheism” — not outright denying God’s existence, but simply living as if He didn’t matter. I figured God could do His thing, and I would do mine. But everything changed when I got married. Loving my wife in a selfless way opened my eyes to the reality that life isn’t just about me. And when we had our first child, my entire worldview shifted. 

I’ll never forget looking into my newborn daughter’s eyes and realizing, this is unconditional love. A love that would do anything to protect, guide, and nurture — not because of anything she had done, but because of whose she was: mine. That realization hit me in a new way: This must be how God loves us. It isn’t about performance or perfection. It’s about our identity, about belonging to Him. 

Even after my faith was renewed, the questions persisted. If faith in Jesus is the only path to salvation, what about those who lived before Him? Can someone believe in Jesus, receive salvation, and then live however they want? How does God look at us and not remember all the sinful things we’ve done? 

What I’ve come to love about Christianity — and about the book of Galatians in particular — is that God never asks us to check our intellect at the door. He invites us to wrestle with Him, to seek, to question, and to grow. In fact, the name Israel means “one who wrestles with God” (Gen. 32:28). And in Isaiah 1:18, God invites us, “Come now, let us reason together” (ESV). 

Galatians: A Book for Thinkers

Galatians is not just another book of the Bible — it is a fiery, passionate defense of the gospel, written by a man who had everything to lose by preaching it. The Apostle Paul, with unshakable conviction, addresses some of the most fundamental questions of the Christian faith, questions that continue to shape our understanding of the gospel today. 

In this letter, Paul boldly asserts his authority as an apostle, defending both his calling and the message he received directly from Christ. He confronts the pressing issue of how we are made right with God, making it clear that salvation comes by faith alone, not by works of the Law. He exposes the dangers of false gospels and clarifies the true gospel of Christ. Paul also wrestles with the role of the Law, explaining its purpose and how it relates to believers under the New Covenant. He challenges distinctions between Jews and Gentiles in the Church, emphasizing unity in Christ. And perhaps most powerfully, he unveils the meaning of true freedom in Christ — freedom that releases us from bondage to the Law while calling us to live lives of love and service as we walk by the Spirit. 

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These are not just ancient theological issues — they are real, pressing questions that Christians wrestle with today. Even among well-meaning believers, confusion often arises over the relationship between faith, works, and the Law. You’ve probably heard statements like, “We should follow the Old Testament Law because Jesus followed it,” or “Salvation is by faith, but you still need to live a certain way to prove it.” Others claim, “Christians should obey the Ten Commandments, but not all the other Old Testament laws.” 

These kinds of statements reveal a deep need to understand the message of Galatians. Paul’s letter cuts through the confusion, making it clear how the gospel transforms our relationship to the Law and what it truly means to live by faith. The same struggles faced by the early church still challenge us today, and Galatians provides the answers we need to walk in the freedom and grace of Christ, revealing a gospel that is just as radical today as it was 2,000 years ago. 

God Welcomes Our Questions

Early in my faith, I remember coming across Jesus’ interaction with the father of the boy with an unclean spirit. Jesus told him, “All things are possible for one who believes,” and the father immediately cried out, “I believe; help my unbelief!” (Mark 9:23-24 ESV). This passage hit me like the proverbial ton of bricks. We can believe and still struggle with doubts?  

What I love about Galatians is that it shows us God is not afraid of our questions. He doesn’t command our blind faith and simply declare, “Believe because I said so.” Instead, in His great mercy and love, God provides us with reason, history, and evidence. Paul builds a logical, scriptural case for why the gospel of Jesus is the fulfillment of God’s promises and why the works of the Law the false teachers demanded could not justify anyone. Galatians reminds us that the Christian faith is not about rule-keeping and moralism — it’s about relationship. We are not saved because we followed the Law perfectly. We are saved because of what Christ has done for us. And that changes everything.  

If you’ve ever wrestled with questions about faith, grace, the Law, or salvation, Galatians is for you. This book is a battle cry for freedom in Christ, a call to reject legalism and embrace the unshakable grace of God. Paul wisely pairs this declaration of liberty with a warning against the abuse of such freedom. “For you were called to freedom, brothers. Only do not use your freedom as an opportunity for the flesh, but through love serve one another” (Gal. 5:13 ESV). Jesus did not bring us freedom to sin, but freedom from sin.  

So, I invite you to dig into Galatians — not just as a theological study but as a personal journey. Let it challenge you. Let it refine you. Let it remind you that you are not defined by your performance but by your identity in Christ. Because, at the end of the day, God’s love for us isn’t based on what we do. It’s based on whose we are — His. 


Take a fascinating verse-by-verse walk through Galatians with Professor R.L. Solberg in his book, The Law, the Christ, the Promise.

Cover of "The Law, the Christ, the Promise" by R.L. Solberg alongside tagline reading "Discover your freedom in Christ."

In the face of modern challenges to faith, The Law, the Christ, the Promise is an essential guide for believers seeking a firmer grasp on Christian truths. This concise yet profound Bible study dissects the Apostle Paul’s message to the Galatians, addressing false teachings and bringing to light the significance of justification, righteousness, and God’s promise through Christ. It’s a pivotal read for anyone looking to deepen their grasp on the gospel and defending it today.