1:5 Jacob . . . Israel. “Jacob” and “Israel” often occur together in Micah, referring to the entire covenant people; sometimes “Jacob” represents the people as a whole (2:12; 3:1, 8, 9). The second occurrence of “Jacob” in this verse points to the northern kingdom (Israel) as distinct from Judah. In this book “Israel” designates Judah as representing the whole nation.