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ESV Reformation Study Bible – Hos 8:5
Hos 8:5
8:5 calf. A symbol of fertility and strength, the bull was frequently worshiped in the ancient Near East. Yet the golden calf of Samaria was established as an idol representing the Lord by Jeroboam I (1 Kin. 12:26–30; cf. Ex. 32) and is itself here described as the object of worship (10:5 note).