Artaxerxes [Ärtăxûrx'ēs]—possessor of an exalted kingdom. In his concordance, Young distinguishes three of the Persian kings bearing this name.

1. The Longimanus of secular history. It was during the seventh year of the reign of this Persian king that Ezra went up to Jerusalem (Ezra 7:1-21; 8:1; Neh. 2:1; 5:14; 13:6).
2. The Cambyses of secular history, another Persian king who reigned in Ezra’s time (Ezra 4:7-23).
3. The king of Persia who reigned around the time of Darius (Ezra 6:14).