Lament over Jerusalem

א Alef

How[a] she sits alone,(A)
the city(B) once crowded with people!
She who was great among the nations
has become like a widow.(C)
The princess among the provinces
has been put to forced labor.

ב Bet

She weeps aloud during the night,(D)
with tears on her cheeks.
There is no one to offer her comfort,
not one from all her lovers.[b](E)
All her friends have betrayed her;
they have become her enemies.

ג Gimel

Judah has gone into exile
following[c] affliction and harsh slavery;
she lives among the nations
but finds no place to rest.(F)
All her pursuers have overtaken her
in narrow places.

ד Dalet

The roads to Zion(G) mourn,
for no one comes to the appointed festivals.(H)
All her gates are deserted;
her priests groan,
her young women grieve,
and she herself is bitter.

ה He

Her adversaries have become her masters;(I)
her enemies are at ease,(J)
for the Lord has made her suffer
because of her many transgressions.
Her children have gone away
as captives before the adversary.

ו Vav

All her splendor(K) has vanished
from Daughter Zion.(L)
Her leaders are like stags
that find no pasture;
they walk away exhausted
before the hunter.(M)

ז Zayin

During the days of her affliction and homelessness(N)
Jerusalem remembers all her precious belongings
that were hers in days of old.
When her people fell into the adversary’s hand,
she had no one to help.
The adversaries looked at her,
laughing over her downfall.

ח Khet

Jerusalem has sinned grievously;
therefore, she has become an object of scorn.[d]
All who honored her now despise her,
for they have seen her nakedness.
She herself groans and turns away.

ט Tet

Her uncleanness stains her skirts.(O)
She never considered her end.
Her downfall was astonishing;(P)
there was no one to comfort her.
Lord, look on my affliction,
for the enemy triumphs!

י Yod

10 The adversary has seized
all her precious belongings.
She has even seen the nations
enter her sanctuary—
those You had forbidden
to enter Your assembly.(Q)

כ Kaf

11 All her people groan
while they search for bread.(R)
They have traded their precious belongings for food
in order to stay alive.(S)
Lord, look and see
how I have become despised.

ל Lamed

12 Is this nothing to you, all you who pass by?(T)
Look and see!
Is there any pain like mine,
which was dealt out to me,
which the Lord made me suffer
on the day of His burning anger?(U)

מ Mem

13 He sent fire from heaven(V) into my bones;
He made it descend.[e](W)
He spread a net for my feet(X)
and turned me back.
He made me desolate,
sick all day long.

נ Nun

14 My transgressions have been formed into a yoke,[f][g](Y)
fastened together by His hand;
they have been placed on my neck,
and the Lord has broken my strength.
He has handed me over
to those I cannot withstand.

ס Samek

15 The Lord has rejected(Z)
all the mighty men within me.
He has summoned an army[h] against me
to crush my young warriors.
The Lord has trampled Virgin Daughter Judah(AA)
like grapes in a winepress.(AB)

ע Ayin

16 I weep because of these things;
my eyes flow[i] with tears.(AC)
For there is no one nearby to comfort me,(AD)
no one to keep me alive.
My children are desolate
because the enemy has prevailed.

פ Pe

17 Zion stretches out her hands;
there is no one to comfort her.
The Lord has issued a decree against Jacob
that his neighbors should be his adversaries.
Jerusalem has become
something impure(AE) among them.

צ Tsade

18 The Lord is just,
for I have rebelled against His command.(AF)
Listen, all you people;
look at my pain.
My young men and women
have gone into captivity.(AG)

ק Qof

19 I called to my lovers,(AH)
but they betrayed me.
My priests and elders
perished in the city
while searching for food
to keep themselves alive.(AI)

ר Resh

20 Lord, see how I am in distress.
I am churning within;(AJ)
my heart is broken,[j]
for I have been very rebellious.
Outside, the sword takes the children;
inside, there is death.(AK)

שׁ Shin

21 People have heard me groaning,(AL)
but there is no one to comfort me.
All my enemies have heard of my misfortune;
they are glad that You have caused it.(AM)
Bring on the day You have announced,
so that they may become like me.(AN)

ת Tav

22 Let all their wickedness come before You,
and deal with them
as You have dealt with me
because of all my transgressions.(AO)
For my groans are many,
and I am sick at heart.

Judgment on Jerusalem

א Alef

How the Lord has overshadowed
Daughter Zion with His anger!
He has thrown down Israel’s glory
from heaven to earth.
He has abandoned His footstool[k](AP)
in the day of His anger.(AQ)

ב Bet

Without compassion(AR) the Lord has swallowed up
all the dwellings of Jacob.
In His wrath He has demolished
the fortified cities(AS) of Daughter Judah.
He brought them to the ground
and defiled the kingdom and its leaders.(AT)

ג Gimel

He has cut off every horn(AU) of Israel
in His burning anger
and withdrawn His right hand(AV)
in the presence of the enemy.
He has blazed against Jacob like a flaming fire
that consumes everything.(AW)

ד Dalet

He has bent His bow like an enemy;(AX)
His right hand is positioned like an adversary.
He has killed everyone who was loved,[l]
pouring out His wrath like fire
on the tent of Daughter Zion.

ה He

The Lord is like an enemy;
He has swallowed up Israel.
He swallowed up all its palaces
and destroyed its fortified cities.
He has multiplied mourning and lamentation
within Daughter Judah.(AY)

ו Vav

He has done violence to His temple[m]
as if it were a garden booth,
destroying His place of meeting.(AZ)
The Lord has abolished
appointed festivals and Sabbaths in Zion.
He has despised king and priest
in His fierce anger.

ז Zayin

The Lord has rejected His altar,
repudiated His sanctuary;(BA)
He has handed the walls of her palaces
over to the enemy.
They have raised a shout in the house of the Lord
as on the day of an appointed festival.

ח Khet

The Lord determined to destroy
the wall of Daughter Zion.
He stretched out a measuring line(BB)
and did not restrain Himself from destroying.
He made the ramparts and walls grieve;
together they waste away.

ט Tet

Zion’s gates have fallen to the ground;(BC)
He has destroyed and shattered the bars on her gates.
Her king and her leaders live among the nations,
instruction[n] is no more,
and even her prophets receive
no vision from the Lord.(BD)

י Yod

10 The elders of Daughter Zion
sit on the ground in silence.
They have thrown dust on their heads(BE)
and put on sackcloth.
The young women of Jerusalem
have bowed their heads to the ground.(BF)

כ Kaf

11 My eyes are worn out from weeping;(BG)
I am churning within.
My heart is poured out in grief[o](BH)
because of the destruction of my dear people,(BI)
because children and infants faint
in the streets of the city.(BJ)

ל Lamed

12 They cry out to their mothers:
Where is the grain and wine?(BK)
as they faint like the wounded
in the streets of the city,
as their lives fade away
in the arms of their mothers.

מ Mem

13 What can I say on your behalf?
What can I compare you to, Daughter Jerusalem?
What can I liken you to,
so that I may console you, Virgin Daughter Zion?
For your ruin is as vast as the sea.
Who can heal you?(BL)

נ Nun

14 Your prophets saw visions for you
that were empty and deceptive;(BM)
they did not reveal your guilt
and so restore your fortunes.(BN)
They saw oracles for you
that were empty and misleading.

ס Samek

15 All who pass by
scornfully clap their hands(BO) at you.
They mock[p](BP) and shake their heads(BQ)
at Daughter Jerusalem:
Is this the city that was called
the perfection of beauty,(BR)
the joy of the whole earth?(BS)

פ Pe

16 All your enemies
open their mouths against you.(BT)
They hiss and gnash their teeth,(BU)
saying, “We have swallowed her up.(BV)
This is the day we have waited for!
We have lived to see it.”

ע Ayin

17 The Lord has done what He planned;
He has accomplished His decree,
which He ordained in days of old.
He has demolished without compassion,(BW)
letting the enemy gloat over you
and exalting the horn of your adversaries.

צ Tsade

18 The hearts of the people cry out to the Lord.
Wall of Daughter Zion,(BX)
let your tears run down like a river
day and night.(BY)
Give yourself no relief
and your[q] eyes no rest.

ק Qof

19 Arise, cry out in the night
from the first watch of the night.
Pour out your heart like water
before the Lord’s presence.(BZ)
Lift up your hands to Him
for the lives of your children
who are fainting from hunger
on the corner of every street.(CA)

ר Resh

20 Lord, look and consider
who You have done this to.
Should women eat their own children,(CB)
the infants they have nurtured?[r]
Should priests and prophets
be killed in the Lord’s sanctuary?

שׁ Shin

21 Both young and old
are lying on the ground in the streets.
My young men and women
have fallen by the sword.
You have killed them in the day of Your anger,
slaughtering without compassion.(CC)

ת Tav

22 You summoned my attackers[s] on every side,(CD)
as if for an appointed festival day;
on the day of the Lord’s anger
no one escaped or survived.
My enemy has destroyed
those I nurtured[t] and reared.

Footnotes

  1. Lamentations 1:1 The stanzas in Lm 1–4 form an acrostic.
  2. Lamentations 1:2 = Jerusalem’s political allies
  3. Lamentations 1:3 Or because of
  4. Lamentations 1:8 Or become impure
  5. Lamentations 1:13 DSS, LXX; MT reads bones, and it prevailed against them
  6. Lamentations 1:14 Some Hb mss, LXX read He kept watch over my transgressions
  7. Lamentations 1:14 Or The yoke of my transgressions is bound; Hb obscure
  8. Lamentations 1:15 Or has announced an appointed time
  9. Lamentations 1:16 Lit my eye, my eye flows
  10. Lamentations 1:20 Lit is turned within me
  11. Lamentations 2:1 Either the ark of the covenant or the temple
  12. Lamentations 2:4 Lit killed all the delights of the eye; Ezk 24:16
  13. Lamentations 2:6 Lit booth
  14. Lamentations 2:9 Or the law
  15. Lamentations 2:11 Lit My liver is poured out on the ground
  16. Lamentations 2:15 Lit hiss
  17. Lamentations 2:18 Lit and the daughter of your
  18. Lamentations 2:20 Or infants in a healthy condition; Hb obscure
  19. Lamentations 2:22 Or terrors
  20. Lamentations 2:22 Or I bore healthy; Hb obscure

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