Greeting to the Twelve Tribes

James, (A)a bondservant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ,

To the twelve tribes which are scattered abroad:

Greetings.

Profiting from Trials

My brethren, (B)count it all joy (C)when you fall into various trials, (D)knowing that the testing of your faith produces [a]patience. But let patience have its perfect work, that you may be [b]perfect and complete, lacking nothing. (E)If any of you lacks wisdom, (F)let him ask of God, who gives to all liberally and without reproach, and (G)it will be given to him. (H)But let him ask in faith, with no doubting, for he who doubts is like a wave of the sea driven and tossed by the wind. For let not that man suppose that he will receive anything from the Lord; he is (I)a double-minded man, unstable in all his ways.

The Perspective of Rich and Poor

Let the lowly brother glory in his exaltation, 10 but the rich in his humiliation, because (J)as a flower of the field he will pass away. 11 For no sooner has the sun risen with a burning heat than it withers the grass; its flower falls, and its beautiful appearance perishes. So the rich man also will fade away in his pursuits.

Loving God Under Trials

12 (K)Blessed is the man who endures temptation; for when he has been approved, he will receive (L)the crown of life (M)which the Lord has promised to those who love Him. 13 Let no one say when he is tempted, “I am tempted by God”; for God cannot be tempted by evil, nor does He Himself tempt anyone. 14 But each one is tempted when he is drawn away by his own desires and enticed. 15 Then, (N)when desire has conceived, it gives birth to sin; and sin, when it is full-grown, (O)brings forth death.

16 Do not be deceived, my beloved brethren. 17 (P)Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, and comes down from the Father of lights, (Q)with whom there is no variation or shadow of turning. 18 (R)Of His own will He brought us forth by the (S)word of truth, (T)that we might be a kind of firstfruits of His creatures.

Qualities Needed in Trials

19 [c]So then, my beloved brethren, let every man be swift to hear, (U)slow to speak, (V)slow to wrath; 20 for the wrath of man does not produce the righteousness of God.

Doers—Not Hearers Only

21 Therefore (W)lay aside all filthiness and [d]overflow of wickedness, and receive with meekness the implanted word, (X)which is able to save your souls.

22 But (Y)be doers of the word, and not hearers only, deceiving yourselves. 23 For (Z)if anyone is a hearer of the word and not a doer, he is like a man observing his natural face in a mirror; 24 for he observes himself, goes away, and immediately forgets what kind of man he was. 25 But (AA)he who looks into the perfect law of liberty and continues in it, and is not a forgetful hearer but a doer of the work, (AB)this one will be blessed in what he does.

26 If anyone [e]among you thinks he is religious, and (AC)does not bridle his tongue but deceives his own heart, this one’s religion is useless. 27 (AD)Pure and undefiled religion before God and the Father is this: (AE)to visit orphans and widows in their trouble, (AF)and to keep oneself unspotted from the world.

Beware of Personal Favoritism

My brethren, do not hold the faith of our Lord Jesus Christ, (AG)the Lord of glory, with (AH)partiality. For if there should come into your assembly a man with gold rings, in [f]fine apparel, and there should also come in a poor man in [g]filthy clothes, and you [h]pay attention to the one wearing the fine clothes and say to him, “You sit here in a good place,” and say to the poor man, “You stand there,” or, “Sit here at my footstool,” have you not [i]shown partiality among yourselves, and become judges with evil thoughts?

Listen, my beloved brethren: (AI)Has God not chosen the poor of this world to be (AJ)rich in faith and heirs of the kingdom (AK)which He promised to those who love Him? But (AL)you have dishonored the poor man. Do not the rich oppress you (AM)and drag you into the courts? Do they not blaspheme that noble name by which you are (AN)called?

If you really fulfill the royal law according to the Scripture, (AO)“You shall love your neighbor as yourself,” you do well; but if you [j]show partiality, you commit sin, and are convicted by the law as (AP)transgressors. 10 For whoever shall keep the whole law, and yet (AQ)stumble in one point, (AR)he is guilty of all. 11 For He who said, (AS)“Do not commit adultery,” also said, (AT)“Do not murder.” Now if you do not commit adultery, but you do murder, you have become a transgressor of the law. 12 So speak and so do as those who will be judged by (AU)the law of liberty. 13 For (AV)judgment is without mercy to the one who has shown (AW)no (AX)mercy. (AY)Mercy triumphs over judgment.

Faith Without Works Is Dead(AZ)

14 (BA)What does it profit, my brethren, if someone says he has faith but does not have works? Can faith save him? 15 (BB)If a brother or sister is naked and destitute of daily food, 16 and (BC)one of you says to them, “Depart in peace, be warmed and filled,” but you do not give them the things which are needed for the body, what does it profit? 17 Thus also faith by itself, if it does not have works, is dead.

18 But someone will say, “You have faith, and I have works.” (BD)Show me your faith without [k]your works, (BE)and I will show you my faith by [l]my works. 19 You believe that there is one God. You do well. Even the demons believe—and tremble! 20 But do you want to know, O foolish man, that faith without works is [m]dead? 21 Was not Abraham our father justified by works (BF)when he offered Isaac his son on the altar? 22 Do you see (BG)that faith was working together with his works, and by (BH)works faith was made [n]perfect? 23 And the Scripture was fulfilled which says, (BI)“Abraham believed God, and it was [o]accounted to him for righteousness.” And he was called (BJ)the friend of God. 24 You see then that a man is justified by works, and not by faith only.

25 Likewise, (BK)was not Rahab the harlot also justified by works when she received the messengers and sent them out another way?

26 For as the body without the spirit is dead, so faith without works is dead also.

The Untamable Tongue

My brethren, (BL)let not many of you become teachers, (BM)knowing that we shall receive a stricter judgment. For (BN)we all stumble in many things. (BO)If anyone does not stumble in word, (BP)he is a [p]perfect man, able also to bridle the whole body. [q]Indeed, (BQ)we put bits in horses’ mouths that they may obey us, and we turn their whole body. Look also at ships: although they are so large and are driven by fierce winds, they are turned by a very small rudder wherever the pilot desires. Even so (BR)the tongue is a little member and (BS)boasts great things.

See how great a forest a little fire kindles! And (BT)the tongue is a fire, a world of [r]iniquity. The tongue is so set among our members that it (BU)defiles the whole body, and sets on fire the course of [s]nature; and it is set on fire by [t]hell. For every kind of beast and bird, of reptile and creature of the sea, is tamed and has been tamed by mankind. But no man can tame the tongue. It is an unruly evil, (BV)full of deadly poison. With it we bless our God and Father, and with it we curse men, who have been made (BW)in the [u]similitude of God. 10 Out of the same mouth proceed blessing and cursing. My brethren, these things ought not to be so. 11 Does a spring send forth fresh water and bitter from the same opening? 12 Can a (BX)fig tree, my brethren, bear olives, or a grapevine bear figs? [v]Thus no spring yields both salt water and fresh.

Heavenly Versus Demonic Wisdom

13 (BY)Who is wise and understanding among you? Let him show by good conduct that his works are done in the meekness of wisdom. 14 But if you have (BZ)bitter envy and [w]self-seeking in your hearts, (CA)do not boast and lie against the truth. 15 (CB)This wisdom does not descend from above, but is earthly, sensual, demonic. 16 For (CC)where envy and self-seeking exist, confusion and every evil thing are there. 17 But (CD)the wisdom that is from above is first pure, then peaceable, gentle, willing to yield, full of mercy and good fruits, (CE)without partiality (CF)and without hypocrisy. 18 (CG)Now the fruit of righteousness is sown in peace by those who make peace.

Pride Promotes Strife

Where do [x]wars and fights come from among you? Do they not come from your desires for pleasure (CH)that war in your members? You lust and do not have. You murder and covet and cannot obtain. You fight and [y]war. [z]Yet you do not have because you do not ask. (CI)You ask and do not receive, (CJ)because you ask amiss, that you may spend it on your pleasures. [aa]Adulterers and adulteresses! Do you not know that (CK)friendship with the world is enmity with God? (CL)Whoever therefore wants to be a friend of the world makes himself an enemy of God. Or do you think that the Scripture says in vain, (CM)“The Spirit who dwells in us yearns jealously”?

But He gives more grace. Therefore He says:

(CN)“God resists the proud,
But gives grace to the humble.”

Humility Cures Worldliness

Therefore submit to God. (CO)Resist the devil and he will flee from you. (CP)Draw near to God and He will draw near to you. (CQ)Cleanse your hands, you sinners; and (CR)purify your hearts, you double-minded. (CS)Lament and mourn and weep! Let your laughter be turned to mourning and your joy to gloom. 10 (CT)Humble yourselves in the sight of the Lord, and He will lift you up.

Do Not Judge a Brother

11 (CU)Do not speak evil of one another, brethren. He who speaks evil of a brother (CV)and judges his brother, speaks evil of the law and judges the law. But if you judge the law, you are not a doer of the law but a judge. 12 There is one [ab]Lawgiver, (CW)who is able to save and to destroy. (CX)Who[ac] are you to judge [ad]another?

Do Not Boast About Tomorrow

13 Come now, you who say, “Today or tomorrow [ae]we will go to such and such a city, spend a year there, buy and sell, and make a profit”; 14 whereas you do not know what will happen tomorrow. For what is your life? (CY)It is even a vapor that appears for a little time and then vanishes away. 15 Instead you ought to say, (CZ)“If the Lord wills, we shall live and do this or that.” 16 But now you boast in your arrogance. (DA)All such boasting is evil.

17 Therefore, (DB)to him who knows to do good and does not do it, to him it is sin.

Rich Oppressors Will Be Judged

Come now, you (DC)rich, weep and howl for your miseries that are coming upon you! Your (DD)riches [af]are corrupted, and (DE)your garments are moth-eaten. Your gold and silver are corroded, and their corrosion will be a witness against you and will eat your flesh like fire. (DF)You have heaped up treasure in the last days. Indeed (DG)the wages of the laborers who mowed your fields, which you kept back by fraud, cry out; and (DH)the cries of the reapers have reached the ears of the Lord of [ag]Sabaoth. You have lived on the earth in pleasure and [ah]luxury; you have [ai]fattened your hearts [aj]as in a day of slaughter. You have condemned, you have murdered the just; he does not resist you.

Be Patient and Persevering

Therefore be patient, brethren, until the coming of the Lord. See how the farmer waits for the precious fruit of the earth, waiting patiently for it until it receives the early and latter rain. You also be patient. Establish your hearts, for the coming of the Lord [ak]is at hand.

Do not [al]grumble against one another, brethren, lest you be [am]condemned. Behold, the Judge is standing at the door! 10 (DI)My brethren, take the prophets, who spoke in the name of the Lord, as an example of suffering and (DJ)patience. 11 Indeed (DK)we count them blessed who (DL)endure. You have heard of (DM)the perseverance of Job and seen (DN)the end intended by the Lord—that (DO)the Lord is very compassionate and merciful.

12 But above all, my brethren, (DP)do not swear, either by heaven or by earth or with any other oath. But let your “Yes” be “Yes,” and your “No,” “No,” lest you fall into [an]judgment.

Meeting Specific Needs(DQ)

13 Is anyone among you suffering? Let him (DR)pray. Is anyone cheerful? (DS)Let him sing psalms. 14 Is anyone among you sick? Let him call for the elders of the church, and let them pray over him, (DT)anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord. 15 And the prayer of faith will save the sick, and the Lord will raise him up. (DU)And if he has committed sins, he will be forgiven. 16 [ao]Confess your trespasses to one another, and pray for one another, that you may be healed. (DV)The effective, [ap]fervent prayer of a righteous man avails much. 17 Elijah was a man (DW)with a nature like ours, and (DX)he prayed earnestly that it would not rain; and it did not rain on the land for three years and six months. 18 And he prayed (DY)again, and the heaven gave rain, and the earth produced its fruit.

Bring Back the Erring One

19 Brethren, if anyone among you wanders from the truth, and someone (DZ)turns him back, 20 let him know that he who turns a sinner from the error of his way (EA)will save [aq]a soul from death and (EB)cover a multitude of sins.

Footnotes

  1. James 1:3 endurance or perseverance
  2. James 1:4 mature
  3. James 1:19 NU Know this or This you know
  4. James 1:21 abundance
  5. James 1:26 NU omits among you
  6. James 2:2 bright
  7. James 2:2 vile
  8. James 2:3 Lit. look upon
  9. James 2:4 differentiated
  10. James 2:9 Lit. receive the face
  11. James 2:18 NU omits your
  12. James 2:18 NU omits my
  13. James 2:20 NU useless
  14. James 2:22 complete
  15. James 2:23 credited
  16. James 3:2 mature
  17. James 3:3 NU Now if
  18. James 3:6 unrighteousness
  19. James 3:6 existence
  20. James 3:6 Gr. Gehenna
  21. James 3:9 likeness
  22. James 3:12 NU Neither can a salty spring produce fresh water.
  23. James 3:14 selfish ambition
  24. James 4:1 battles
  25. James 4:2 battle
  26. James 4:2 NU, M omit Yet
  27. James 4:4 NU omits Adulterers and
  28. James 4:12 NU adds and Judge
  29. James 4:12 NU, M But who
  30. James 4:12 NU a neighbor
  31. James 4:13 M let us
  32. James 5:2 have rotted
  33. James 5:4 Lit., in Heb., Hosts
  34. James 5:5 indulgence
  35. James 5:5 Lit. nourished
  36. James 5:5 NU omits as
  37. James 5:8 has drawn near
  38. James 5:9 Lit. groan
  39. James 5:9 NU, M judged
  40. James 5:12 M hypocrisy
  41. James 5:16 NU Therefore confess your sins
  42. James 5:16 supplication
  43. James 5:20 NU his soul

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