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31 And as they went about to kill him, it was told the tribune of the band, That all Jerusalem was in confusion.

32 Who, forthwith taking with him soldiers and centurions, ran down to them. And when they saw the tribune and the soldiers they left off beating Paul.

33 Then the tribune coming near, took him, and commanded him to be bound with two chains: and demanded who he was, and what he had done.

34 And some cried one thing, some another, among the multitude. And when he could not know the certainty for the tumult, he commanded him to be carried into the castle.

35 And when he was come to the stairs, it fell out that he was carried by the soldiers, because of the violence of the people.

36 For the multitude of the people followed after, crying: Away with him.

37 And as Paul was about to be brought into the castle, he saith to the tribune: May I speak something to thee? Who said: Canst thou speak Greek?

38 Art not thou that Egyptian who before these days didst raise a tumult, and didst lead forth into the desert four thousand men that were murderers?

39 But Paul said to him: I am a Jew of Tarsus in Cilicia, a citizen of no mean city. And I beseech thee, suffer me to speak to the people.

40 And when he had given him leave, Paul standing on the stairs, beckoned with his hand to the people. And a great silence being made, he spoke unto them in the Hebrew tongue, saying:

22 Men, brethren, and fathers, hear ye the account which I now give unto you.

(And when they heard that he spoke to them in the Hebrew tongue, they kept the more silence.)

And he saith: I am a Jew, born at Tarsus in Cilicia, but brought up in this city, at the feet of Gamaliel, taught according to the truth of the law of the fathers, zealous for the law, as also all you are this day:

Who persecuted this way unto death, binding and delivering into prisons both men and women.

As the high priest doth bear me witness, and all the ancients: from whom also receiving letters to the brethren, I went to Damascus, that I might bring them bound from thence to Jerusalem to be punished.

And it came to pass, as I was going, and drawing nigh to Damascus at midday, that suddenly from heaven there shone round about me a great light:

And falling on the ground, I heard a voice saying to me: Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me?

And I answered: Who art thou, Lord? And he said to me: I am Jesus of Nazareth, whom thou persecutest.

And they that were with me, saw indeed the light, but they heard not the voice of him that spoke with me.

10 And I said: What shall I do, Lord? And the Lord said to me: Arise, and go to Damascus; and there it shall be told thee of all things that thou must do.

11 And whereas I did not see for the brightness of that light, being led by the hand by my companions, I came to Damascus.

12 And one Ananias, a man according to the law, having testimony of all the Jews who dwelt there,

13 Coming to me, and standing by me, said to me: Brother Saul, look up. And I the same hour looked upon him.

14 But he said: The God of our fathers hath preordained thee that thou shouldst know his will, and see the Just One, and shouldst hear the voice from his mouth.

15 For thou shalt be his witness to all men, of those things which thou hast seen and heard.

16 And now why tarriest thou? Rise up, and be baptized, and wash away thy sins, invoking his name.

17 And it came to pass, when I was come again to Jerusalem, and was praying in the temple, that I was in a trance,

18 And saw him saying unto me: Make haste, and get thee quickly out of Jerusalem; because they will not receive thy testimony concerning me.

19 And I said: Lord, they know that I cast into prison, and beat in every synagogue, them that believed in thee.

20 And when the blood of Stephen thy witness was shed, I stood by and consented, and kept the garments of them that killed him.

21 And he said to me: Go, for unto the Gentiles afar off, will I send thee.

22 And they heard him until this word, and then lifted up their voice, saying: Away with such an one from the earth; for it is not fit that he should live.

23 And as they cried out and threw off their garments, and cast dust into the air,

24 The tribune commanded him to be brought into the castle, and that he should be scourged and tortured: to know for what cause they did so cry out against him.

25 And when they had bound him with thongs, Paul saith to the centurion that stood by him: Is it lawful for you to scourge a man that is a Roman, and uncondemned?

26 Which the centurion hearing, went to the tribune, and told him, saying: What art thou about to do? For this man is a Roman citizen.

27 And the tribune coming, said to him: Tell me, art thou a Roman? But he said: Yea.

28 And the tribune answered: I obtained the being free of this city with a great sum. And Paul said: But I was born so.

29 Immediately therefore they departed from him that were about to torture him. The tribune also was afraid after he understood that he was a Roman citizen, and because he had bound him.

30 But on the next day, meaning to know more diligently for what cause he was accused by the Jews, he loosed him, and commanded the priests to come together, and all the council: and bringing forth Paul, he set him before them.

23 And Paul looking upon the council, said: Men, brethren, I have conversed with all good conscience before God until this present day.

And the high priest Ananias commanded them that stood by him to strike him on the mouth.

Then Paul said to him: God shall strike thee, thou whited wall. For sittest thou to judge me according to the law, and contrary to the law commandest me to be struck?

And they that stood by said: Dost thou revile the high priest of God?

And Paul said: I knew not, brethren, that he is the high priest. For it is written: Thou shalt not speak evil of the prince of thy people.

And Paul knowing that the one part were Sadducees, and the other Pharisees, cried out in the council: Men, brethren, I am a Pharisee, the son of Pharisees: concerning the hope and resurrection of the dead I am called in question.

And when he had so said, there arose a dissension between the Pharisees and the Sadducees; and the multitude was divided.

For the Sadducees say that there is no resurrection, neither angel, nor spirit: but the Pharisees confess both.

And there arose a great cry. And some of the Pharisees rising up, strove, saying: We find no evil in this man. What if a spirit hath spoken to him, or an angel?

10 And when there arose a great dissension, the tribune fearing lest Paul should be pulled in pieces by them, commanded the soldiers to go down, and to take him by force from among them, and to bring him into the castle.

11 And the night following the Lord standing by him, said: Be constant; for as thou hast testified of me in Jerusalem, so must thou bear witness also at Rome.

12 And when day was come, some of the Jews gathered together, and bound themselves under a curse, saying, that they would neither eat, nor drink, till they killed Paul.

13 And they were more than forty men that had made this conspiracy.

14 Who came to the chief priests and the ancients, and said: We have bound ourselves under a great curse that we will eat nothing till we have slain Paul.

15 Now therefore do you with the council signify to the tribune, that he bring him forth to you, as if you meant to know something more certain touching him. And we, before he come near, are ready to kill him.

16 Which when Paul's sister's son had heard, of their lying in wait, he came and entered into the castle and told Paul.

17 And Paul, calling to him one of the centurions, said: Bring this young man to the tribune, for he hath some thing to tell him.

18 And he taking him, brought him to the tribune, and said: Paul, the prisoner, desired me to bring this young man unto thee, who hath some thing to say to thee.

19 And the tribune taking him by the hand, went aside with him privately, and asked him: What is it that thou hast to tell me?

20 And he said: The Jews have agreed to desire thee, that thou wouldst bring forth Paul to morrow into the council, as if they meant to inquire some thing more certain touching him.

21 But do not thou give credit to them; for there lie in wait for him more than forty men of them, who have bound themselves by oath neither to eat, nor to drink, till they have killed him: and they are now ready, looking for a promise from thee.

22 The tribune therefore dismissed the young man, charging him that he should tell no man, that he had made known these things unto him.

23 Then having called two centurions, he said to them: Make ready two hundred soldiers to go as far as Caesarea, and seventy horsemen, and two hundred spearmen for the third hour of the night:

24 And provide beasts, that they may set Paul on, and bring him safe to Felix the governor.

25 (For he feared lest perhaps the Jews might take him away by force and kill him, and he should afterwards be slandered, as if he was to take money.) And he wrote a letter after this manner:

26 Claudius Lysias to the most excellent governor, Felix, greeting.

27 This man being taken by the Jews, and ready to be killed by them, I rescued coming in with an army, understanding that he is a Roman:

28 And meaning to know the cause which they objected unto him, I brought him forth into their council.

29 Whom I found to be accused concerning questions of their law; but having nothing laid to his charge worthy of death or of bands.

30 And when I was told of ambushes that they had prepared for him, I sent him to thee, signifying also to his accusers to plead before thee. Farewell.

31 Then the soldiers, according as it was commanded them, taking Paul, brought him by night to Antipatris.

32 And the next day, leaving the horsemen to go with him, they returned to the castle.

33 Who, when they were come to Caesarea, and had delivered the letter to the governor, did also present Paul before him.

34 And when he had read it, and had asked of what province he was, and understood that he was of Cilicia;

35 I will hear thee, said he, when thy accusers come. And he commanded him to be kept in Herod's judgment hall.

24 And after five days the high priest Ananias came down, with some of the ancients, and one Tertullus an orator, who went to the governor against Paul.

And Paul being called for, Tertullus began to accuse him, saying: Whereas through thee we live in much peace, and many things are rectified by thy providence,

We accept it always and in all places, most excellent Felix, with all thanksgiving.

But that I be no further tedious to thee, I desire thee of thy clemency to hear us in few words.

We have found this to be a pestilent man, and raising seditions among all the Jews throughout the world, and author of the sedition of the sect of the Nazarenes.

Who also hath gone about to profane the temple: whom, we having apprehended, would also have judged according to our law.

But Lysias the tribune coming upon us, with great violence took him away out of our hands;

Commanding his accusers to come to thee: of whom thou mayest thyself, by examination, have knowledge of all these things, whereof we accuse him.

And the Jews also added, and said that these things were so.

10 Then Paul answered, (the governor making a sign to him to speak:) Knowing that for many years thou hast been judge over this nation, I will with good courage answer for myself.

11 For thou mayest understand, that there are yet but twelve days, since I went up to adore in Jerusalem:

12 And neither in the temple did they find me disputing with any man, or causing any concourse of the people, neither in the synagogues, nor in the city:

13 Neither can they prove unto thee the things whereof they now accuse me.

14 But this I confess to thee, that according to the way, which they call a heresy, so do I serve the Father and my God, believing all things which are written in the law and the prophets:

15 Having hope in God, which these also themselves look for, that there shall be a resurrection of the just and unjust.

16 And herein do I endeavour to have always a conscience without offence toward God, and towards men.

17 Now after many years, I came to bring alms to my nation, and offerings, and vows.

18 In which I was found purified in the temple: neither with multitude, nor with tumult.

19 But certain Jews of Asia, who ought to be present before thee, and to accuse, if they had any thing against me:

20 Or let these men themselves say, if they found in me any iniquity, when standing before the council,

21 Except it be for this one voice only that I cried, standing among them, Concerning the resurrection of the dead am I judged this day by you.

22 And Felix put them off, having most certain knowledge of this way, saying: When Lysias the tribune shall come down, I will hear you.

31 While they were trying to kill him, news reached the commander of the Roman troops that the whole city of Jerusalem was in an uproar. 32 He at once took some officers and soldiers and ran down to the crowd. When the rioters saw the commander and his soldiers, they stopped beating Paul.(A)

33 The commander came up and arrested him and ordered him to be bound(B) with two(C) chains.(D) Then he asked who he was and what he had done. 34 Some in the crowd shouted one thing and some another,(E) and since the commander could not get at the truth because of the uproar, he ordered that Paul be taken into the barracks.(F) 35 When Paul reached the steps,(G) the violence of the mob was so great he had to be carried by the soldiers. 36 The crowd that followed kept shouting, “Get rid of him!”(H)

Paul Speaks to the Crowd(I)

37 As the soldiers were about to take Paul into the barracks,(J) he asked the commander, “May I say something to you?”

“Do you speak Greek?” he replied. 38 “Aren’t you the Egyptian who started a revolt and led four thousand terrorists out into the wilderness(K) some time ago?”(L)

39 Paul answered, “I am a Jew, from Tarsus(M) in Cilicia,(N) a citizen of no ordinary city. Please let me speak to the people.”

40 After receiving the commander’s permission, Paul stood on the steps and motioned(O) to the crowd. When they were all silent, he said to them in Aramaic[a]:(P) 22 “Brothers and fathers,(Q) listen now to my defense.”

When they heard him speak to them in Aramaic,(R) they became very quiet.

Then Paul said: “I am a Jew,(S) born in Tarsus(T) of Cilicia,(U) but brought up in this city. I studied under(V) Gamaliel(W) and was thoroughly trained in the law of our ancestors.(X) I was just as zealous(Y) for God as any of you are today. I persecuted(Z) the followers of this Way(AA) to their death, arresting both men and women and throwing them into prison,(AB) as the high priest and all the Council(AC) can themselves testify. I even obtained letters from them to their associates(AD) in Damascus,(AE) and went there to bring these people as prisoners to Jerusalem to be punished.

“About noon as I came near Damascus, suddenly a bright light from heaven flashed around me.(AF) I fell to the ground and heard a voice say to me, ‘Saul! Saul! Why do you persecute me?’

“‘Who are you, Lord?’ I asked.

‘I am Jesus of Nazareth,(AG) whom you are persecuting,’ he replied. My companions saw the light,(AH) but they did not understand the voice(AI) of him who was speaking to me.

10 “‘What shall I do, Lord?’ I asked.

‘Get up,’ the Lord said, ‘and go into Damascus. There you will be told all that you have been assigned to do.’(AJ) 11 My companions led me by the hand into Damascus, because the brilliance of the light had blinded me.(AK)

12 “A man named Ananias came to see me.(AL) He was a devout observer of the law and highly respected by all the Jews living there.(AM) 13 He stood beside me and said, ‘Brother Saul, receive your sight!’ And at that very moment I was able to see him.

14 “Then he said: ‘The God of our ancestors(AN) has chosen you to know his will and to see(AO) the Righteous One(AP) and to hear words from his mouth. 15 You will be his witness(AQ) to all people of what you have seen(AR) and heard. 16 And now what are you waiting for? Get up, be baptized(AS) and wash your sins away,(AT) calling on his name.’(AU)

17 “When I returned to Jerusalem(AV) and was praying at the temple, I fell into a trance(AW) 18 and saw the Lord speaking to me. ‘Quick!’ he said. ‘Leave Jerusalem immediately, because the people here will not accept your testimony about me.’

19 “‘Lord,’ I replied, ‘these people know that I went from one synagogue to another to imprison(AX) and beat(AY) those who believe in you. 20 And when the blood of your martyr[b] Stephen was shed, I stood there giving my approval and guarding the clothes of those who were killing him.’(AZ)

21 “Then the Lord said to me, ‘Go; I will send you far away to the Gentiles.’ (BA)

Paul the Roman Citizen

22 The crowd listened to Paul until he said this. Then they raised their voices and shouted, “Rid the earth of him!(BB) He’s not fit to live!”(BC)

23 As they were shouting and throwing off their cloaks(BD) and flinging dust into the air,(BE) 24 the commander ordered that Paul be taken into the barracks.(BF) He directed(BG) that he be flogged and interrogated in order to find out why the people were shouting at him like this. 25 As they stretched him out to flog him, Paul said to the centurion standing there, “Is it legal for you to flog a Roman citizen who hasn’t even been found guilty?”(BH)

26 When the centurion heard this, he went to the commander and reported it. “What are you going to do?” he asked. “This man is a Roman citizen.”

27 The commander went to Paul and asked, “Tell me, are you a Roman citizen?”

“Yes, I am,” he answered.

28 Then the commander said, “I had to pay a lot of money for my citizenship.”

“But I was born a citizen,” Paul replied.

29 Those who were about to interrogate him(BI) withdrew immediately. The commander himself was alarmed when he realized that he had put Paul, a Roman citizen,(BJ) in chains.(BK)

Paul Before the Sanhedrin

30 The commander wanted to find out exactly why Paul was being accused by the Jews.(BL) So the next day he released him(BM) and ordered the chief priests and all the members of the Sanhedrin(BN) to assemble. Then he brought Paul and had him stand before them.

23 Paul looked straight at the Sanhedrin(BO) and said, “My brothers,(BP) I have fulfilled my duty to God in all good conscience(BQ) to this day.” At this the high priest Ananias(BR) ordered those standing near Paul to strike him on the mouth.(BS) Then Paul said to him, “God will strike you, you whitewashed wall!(BT) You sit there to judge me according to the law, yet you yourself violate the law by commanding that I be struck!”(BU)

Those who were standing near Paul said, “How dare you insult God’s high priest!”

Paul replied, “Brothers, I did not realize that he was the high priest; for it is written: ‘Do not speak evil about the ruler of your people.’[c](BV)

Then Paul, knowing that some of them were Sadducees(BW) and the others Pharisees, called out in the Sanhedrin, “My brothers,(BX) I am a Pharisee,(BY) descended from Pharisees. I stand on trial because of the hope of the resurrection of the dead.”(BZ) When he said this, a dispute broke out between the Pharisees and the Sadducees, and the assembly was divided. (The Sadducees say that there is no resurrection,(CA) and that there are neither angels nor spirits, but the Pharisees believe all these things.)

There was a great uproar, and some of the teachers of the law who were Pharisees(CB) stood up and argued vigorously. “We find nothing wrong with this man,”(CC) they said. “What if a spirit or an angel has spoken to him?”(CD) 10 The dispute became so violent that the commander was afraid Paul would be torn to pieces by them. He ordered the troops to go down and take him away from them by force and bring him into the barracks.(CE)

11 The following night the Lord stood near Paul and said, “Take courage!(CF) As you have testified about me in Jerusalem, so you must also testify in Rome.”(CG)

The Plot to Kill Paul

12 The next morning some Jews formed a conspiracy(CH) and bound themselves with an oath not to eat or drink until they had killed Paul.(CI) 13 More than forty men were involved in this plot. 14 They went to the chief priests and the elders and said, “We have taken a solemn oath not to eat anything until we have killed Paul.(CJ) 15 Now then, you and the Sanhedrin(CK) petition the commander to bring him before you on the pretext of wanting more accurate information about his case. We are ready to kill him before he gets here.”

16 But when the son of Paul’s sister heard of this plot, he went into the barracks(CL) and told Paul.

17 Then Paul called one of the centurions and said, “Take this young man to the commander; he has something to tell him.” 18 So he took him to the commander.

The centurion said, “Paul, the prisoner,(CM) sent for me and asked me to bring this young man to you because he has something to tell you.”

19 The commander took the young man by the hand, drew him aside and asked, “What is it you want to tell me?”

20 He said: “Some Jews have agreed to ask you to bring Paul before the Sanhedrin(CN) tomorrow on the pretext of wanting more accurate information about him.(CO) 21 Don’t give in to them, because more than forty(CP) of them are waiting in ambush for him. They have taken an oath not to eat or drink until they have killed him.(CQ) They are ready now, waiting for your consent to their request.”

22 The commander dismissed the young man with this warning: “Don’t tell anyone that you have reported this to me.”

Paul Transferred to Caesarea

23 Then he called two of his centurions and ordered them, “Get ready a detachment of two hundred soldiers, seventy horsemen and two hundred spearmen[d] to go to Caesarea(CR) at nine tonight.(CS) 24 Provide horses for Paul so that he may be taken safely to Governor Felix.”(CT)

25 He wrote a letter as follows:

26 Claudius Lysias,

To His Excellency,(CU) Governor Felix:

Greetings.(CV)

27 This man was seized by the Jews and they were about to kill him,(CW) but I came with my troops and rescued him,(CX) for I had learned that he is a Roman citizen.(CY) 28 I wanted to know why they were accusing him, so I brought him to their Sanhedrin.(CZ) 29 I found that the accusation had to do with questions about their law,(DA) but there was no charge against him(DB) that deserved death or imprisonment. 30 When I was informed(DC) of a plot(DD) to be carried out against the man, I sent him to you at once. I also ordered his accusers(DE) to present to you their case against him.

31 So the soldiers, carrying out their orders, took Paul with them during the night and brought him as far as Antipatris. 32 The next day they let the cavalry(DF) go on with him, while they returned to the barracks.(DG) 33 When the cavalry(DH) arrived in Caesarea,(DI) they delivered the letter to the governor(DJ) and handed Paul over to him. 34 The governor read the letter and asked what province he was from. Learning that he was from Cilicia,(DK) 35 he said, “I will hear your case when your accusers(DL) get here.” Then he ordered that Paul be kept under guard(DM) in Herod’s palace.

Paul’s Trial Before Felix

24 Five days later the high priest Ananias(DN) went down to Caesarea with some of the elders and a lawyer named Tertullus, and they brought their charges(DO) against Paul before the governor.(DP) When Paul was called in, Tertullus presented his case before Felix: “We have enjoyed a long period of peace under you, and your foresight has brought about reforms in this nation. Everywhere and in every way, most excellent(DQ) Felix, we acknowledge this with profound gratitude. But in order not to weary you further, I would request that you be kind enough to hear us briefly.

“We have found this man to be a troublemaker, stirring up riots(DR) among the Jews(DS) all over the world. He is a ringleader of the Nazarene(DT) sect(DU) and even tried to desecrate the temple;(DV) so we seized him. [7] [e] By examining him yourself you will be able to learn the truth about all these charges we are bringing against him.”

The other Jews joined in the accusation,(DW) asserting that these things were true.

10 When the governor(DX) motioned for him to speak, Paul replied: “I know that for a number of years you have been a judge over this nation; so I gladly make my defense. 11 You can easily verify that no more than twelve days(DY) ago I went up to Jerusalem to worship. 12 My accusers did not find me arguing with anyone at the temple,(DZ) or stirring up a crowd(EA) in the synagogues or anywhere else in the city. 13 And they cannot prove to you the charges they are now making against me.(EB) 14 However, I admit that I worship the God of our ancestors(EC) as a follower of the Way,(ED) which they call a sect.(EE) I believe everything that is in accordance with the Law and that is written in the Prophets,(EF) 15 and I have the same hope in God as these men themselves have, that there will be a resurrection(EG) of both the righteous and the wicked.(EH) 16 So I strive always to keep my conscience clear(EI) before God and man.

17 “After an absence of several years, I came to Jerusalem to bring my people gifts for the poor(EJ) and to present offerings. 18 I was ceremonially clean(EK) when they found me in the temple courts doing this. There was no crowd with me, nor was I involved in any disturbance.(EL) 19 But there are some Jews from the province of Asia,(EM) who ought to be here before you and bring charges if they have anything against me.(EN) 20 Or these who are here should state what crime they found in me when I stood before the Sanhedrin— 21 unless it was this one thing I shouted as I stood in their presence: ‘It is concerning the resurrection of the dead that I am on trial before you today.’”(EO)

22 Then Felix, who was well acquainted with the Way,(EP) adjourned the proceedings. “When Lysias the commander comes,” he said, “I will decide your case.”

Footnotes

  1. Acts 21:40 Or possibly Hebrew; also in 22:2
  2. Acts 22:20 Or witness
  3. Acts 23:5 Exodus 22:28
  4. Acts 23:23 The meaning of the Greek for this word is uncertain.
  5. Acts 24:7 Some manuscripts include here him, and we would have judged him in accordance with our law. But the commander Lysias came and took him from us with much violence, ordering his accusers to come before you.