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Não à discriminação

Meus irmãos, a fé em nosso Senhor Jesus Cristo, Senhor da glória, é incompatível com atitudes de parcialidade em relação às pessoas.

Se, no vosso local de reunião, entrar uma pessoa muito bem vestida e com joias nos dedos, e ao mesmo tempo chegar alguém que é pobre e mal vestido; se, considerando a aparência vistosa do primeiro, lhe derem preferência, dizendo-lhe para se sentar no lugar de mais destaque, e se disserem ao pobre para ficar mesmo de pé ou num canto da sala, não estarão a estabelecer diferenças e a fazer juízos determinados por pensamentos condenáveis?

Ouçam, queridos irmãos: Deus tem escolhido gente pobre nesta Terra para serem ricos na fé, garantindo-lhes a entrada no reino do céu, que Deus prometeu aos que o amam. Mas daquela maneira desonraram o pobre. E não são geralmente os ricos que vos oprimem e vos arrastam aos tribunais? Não são eles também que blasfemam o honroso nome de Cristo, que vos identifica enquanto cristãos?

Se cumprirem a mais importante Lei de Deus, contida na sua palavra, que é: “Ama o teu próximo como a ti mesmo”,[a] então fazem bem. Mas, ao fazer distinção entre pessoas, estão a pecar, e tornam-se culpados de transgredir essa Lei de Deus. 10 E o facto é que se alguém pretende cumprir cada um dos mandamentos, e depois vier a tropeçar, desobedecendo a um só, torna-se culpado em relação a toda a Lei. 11 Porque o mesmo Deus que disse: “Não adulteres”, também disse: “Não mates.”[b] Portanto, se realmente não adulterares, mas se matares, és culpado perante a Lei.

12 Que as vossas palavras e os vossos atos sejam os de quem será julgado pela lei da liberdade. 13 E esse julgamento será exercido sem compaixão sobre quem não teve misericórdia. Mas quem mostrar benignidade não terá receio do julgamento.

Fé sem obras é morta

14 Meus irmãos, que interessa se alguém disser que tem fé em Deus e não fizer prova disso através de obras? Esse tipo de fé não salva ninguém. 15 Se um irmão ou irmã sofrer por falta de vestuário, ou por passar fome, 16 e lhe disserem: “Procura viver pacificamente e vai-te aquecendo e comendo como puderes”, e não lhe derem aquilo de que precisa para viver, uma tal resposta fará algum bem? 17 Assim também a fé, se não se traduzir em obras, é morta em si mesma.

18 Poderão até dizer: “Tu tens a fé, mas eu tenho as obras. Mostra-me então a tua fé sem as obras. Porque eu dou-te a prova da minha fé através das minhas boas obras!”

19 Crês que há um só Deus? Estás muito certo. Mas lembra-te que os demónios também creem e tremem! 20 És uma pessoa bem insensata se não conseguires compreender que a fé sem obras não vale de nada.

21 Não mostrou o nosso pai Abraão que era justo através dos seus atos, ao oferecer a Deus o seu filho, Isaque, sobre um altar? 22 Como vês, na sua vida a fé e as obras atuaram conjuntamente. A fé completou-se através das obras. 23 Por isso, as Escrituras dizem: “Abraão creu em Deus e este declarou-o como justo.”[c] E foi chamado o amigo de Deus. 24 Estão a ver então que a pessoa é considerada justa aos olhos de Deus pelo que faz e não só por crer.

25 Outro exemplo é Raabe, aquela mulher que era meretriz. Ela foi declarada justa por aquilo que fez, pois não teve medo de esconder os espias e ajudou-os a escaparem-se por outro caminho. 26 Tal como o corpo está morto se não há espírito nele, assim também a fé sem obras está morta.

The Royal Rule of Love

1-4 My dear friends, don’t let public opinion influence how you live out our glorious, Christ-originated faith. If a man enters your church wearing an expensive suit, and a street person wearing rags comes in right after him, and you say to the man in the suit, “Sit here, sir; this is the best seat in the house!” and either ignore the street person or say, “Better sit here in the back row,” haven’t you segregated God’s children and proved that you are judges who can’t be trusted?

5-7 Listen, dear friends. Isn’t it clear by now that God operates quite differently? He chose the world’s down-and-out as the kingdom’s first citizens, with full rights and privileges. This kingdom is promised to anyone who loves God. And here you are abusing these same citizens! Isn’t it the high and mighty who exploit you, who use the courts to rob you blind? Aren’t they the ones who scorn the new name—“Christian”—used in your baptisms?

8-11 You do well when you complete the Royal Rule of the Scriptures: “Love others as you love yourself.” But if you play up to these so-called important people, you go against the Rule and stand convicted by it. You can’t pick and choose in these things, specializing in keeping one or two things in God’s law and ignoring others. The same God who said, “Don’t commit adultery,” also said, “Don’t murder.” If you don’t commit adultery but go ahead and murder, do you think your non-adultery will cancel out your murder? No, you’re a murderer, period.

12-13 Talk and act like a person expecting to be judged by the Rule that sets us free. For if you refuse to act kindly, you can hardly expect to be treated kindly. Kind mercy wins over harsh judgment every time.

Faith in Action

14-17 Dear friends, do you think you’ll get anywhere in this if you learn all the right words but never do anything? Does merely talking about faith indicate that a person really has it? For instance, you come upon an old friend dressed in rags and half-starved and say, “Good morning, friend! Be clothed in Christ! Be filled with the Holy Spirit!” and walk off without providing so much as a coat or a cup of soup—where does that get you? Isn’t it obvious that God-talk without God-acts is outrageous nonsense?

18 I can already hear one of you agreeing by saying, “Sounds good. You take care of the faith department, I’ll handle the works department.”

Not so fast. You can no more show me your works apart from your faith than I can show you my faith apart from my works. Faith and works, works and faith, fit together hand in glove.

19-20 Do I hear you professing to believe in the one and only God, but then observe you complacently sitting back as if you had done something wonderful? That’s just great. Demons do that, but what good does it do them? Use your heads! Do you suppose for a minute that you can cut faith and works in two and not end up with a corpse on your hands?

21-24 Wasn’t our ancestor Abraham “made right with God by works” when he placed his son Isaac on the sacrificial altar? Isn’t it obvious that faith and works are yoked partners, that faith expresses itself in works? That the works are “works of faith”? The full meaning of “believe” in the Scripture sentence, “Abraham believed God and was set right with God,” includes his action. It’s that weave of believing and acting that got Abraham named “God’s friend.” Is it not evident that a person is made right with God not by a barren faith but by faith fruitful in works?

25-26 The same with Rahab, the Jericho harlot. Wasn’t her action in hiding God’s spies and helping them escape—that seamless unity of believing and doing—what counted with God? The very moment you separate body and spirit, you end up with a corpse. Separate faith and works and you get the same thing: a corpse.

Favoritism Forbidden

My brothers and sisters, believers in our glorious(A) Lord Jesus Christ must not show favoritism.(B) Suppose a man comes into your meeting wearing a gold ring and fine clothes, and a poor man in filthy old clothes also comes in. If you show special attention to the man wearing fine clothes and say, “Here’s a good seat for you,” but say to the poor man, “You stand there” or “Sit on the floor by my feet,” have you not discriminated among yourselves and become judges(C) with evil thoughts?

Listen, my dear brothers and sisters:(D) Has not God chosen those who are poor in the eyes of the world(E) to be rich in faith(F) and to inherit the kingdom(G) he promised those who love him?(H) But you have dishonored the poor.(I) Is it not the rich who are exploiting you? Are they not the ones who are dragging you into court?(J) Are they not the ones who are blaspheming the noble name of him to whom you belong?

If you really keep the royal law found in Scripture, “Love your neighbor as yourself,”[a](K) you are doing right. But if you show favoritism,(L) you sin and are convicted by the law as lawbreakers.(M) 10 For whoever keeps the whole law and yet stumbles(N) at just one point is guilty of breaking all of it.(O) 11 For he who said, “You shall not commit adultery,”[b](P) also said, “You shall not murder.”[c](Q) If you do not commit adultery but do commit murder, you have become a lawbreaker.

12 Speak and act as those who are going to be judged(R) by the law that gives freedom,(S) 13 because judgment without mercy will be shown to anyone who has not been merciful.(T) Mercy triumphs over judgment.

Faith and Deeds

14 What good is it, my brothers and sisters, if someone claims to have faith but has no deeds?(U) Can such faith save them? 15 Suppose a brother or a sister is without clothes and daily food.(V) 16 If one of you says to them, “Go in peace; keep warm and well fed,” but does nothing about their physical needs, what good is it?(W) 17 In the same way, faith by itself, if it is not accompanied by action, is dead.(X)

18 But someone will say, “You have faith; I have deeds.”

Show me your faith without deeds,(Y) and I will show you my faith(Z) by my deeds.(AA) 19 You believe that there is one God.(AB) Good! Even the demons believe that(AC)—and shudder.

20 You foolish person, do you want evidence that faith without deeds is useless[d]?(AD) 21 Was not our father Abraham considered righteous for what he did when he offered his son Isaac on the altar?(AE) 22 You see that his faith and his actions were working together,(AF) and his faith was made complete by what he did.(AG) 23 And the scripture was fulfilled that says, “Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness,”[e](AH) and he was called God’s friend.(AI) 24 You see that a person is considered righteous by what they do and not by faith alone.

25 In the same way, was not even Rahab the prostitute considered righteous for what she did when she gave lodging to the spies and sent them off in a different direction?(AJ) 26 As the body without the spirit is dead, so faith without deeds is dead.(AK)

Footnotes

  1. James 2:8 Lev. 19:18
  2. James 2:11 Exodus 20:14; Deut. 5:18
  3. James 2:11 Exodus 20:13; Deut. 5:17
  4. James 2:20 Some early manuscripts dead
  5. James 2:23 Gen. 15:6