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13 Let every soul be in subjection to the higher powers: for there is no power but of God; and the powers that be are ordained of God. Therefore he that resisteth the power, withstandeth the ordinance of God: and they that withstand shall receive to themselves judgment. For rulers are not a terror to the good work, but to the evil. And wouldest thou have no fear of the power? do that which is good, and thou shalt have praise from the same: for [a]he is a minister of God to thee for good. But if thou do that which is evil, be afraid; for [b]he beareth not the sword in vain: for [c]he is a minister of God, an avenger for wrath to him that doeth evil. Wherefore ye must needs be in subjection, not only because of the wrath, but also for conscience’ sake. For for this cause ye pay tribute also; for they are ministers of God’s service, attending continually upon this very thing. Render to all their dues: tribute to whom tribute is due; custom to whom custom; fear to whom fear; honor to whom honor.

Owe no man anything, save to love one another: for he that loveth [d]his neighbor hath fulfilled the law. For this, [e]Thou shalt not commit adultery, Thou shalt not kill, Thou shalt not steal, Thou shalt not covet, and if there be any other commandment, it is summed up in this word, namely, Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself. 10 Love worketh no ill to his neighbor: love therefore is the fulfilment of the law.

11 And this, knowing the season, that already it is time for you to awake out of sleep: for now is [f]salvation nearer to us than when we first believed. 12 The night is far spent, and the day is at hand: let us therefore cast off the works of darkness, and let us put on the armor of light. 13 Let us walk becomingly, as in the day; not in revelling and drunkenness, not in chambering and wantonness, not in strife and jealousy. 14 But put ye on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make not provision for the flesh, to fulfil the lusts thereof.

14 But him that is weak in faith receive ye, yet not [g]for decision of scruples. One man hath faith to eat all things: but he that is weak eateth herbs. Let not him that eateth set at nought him that eateth not; and let not him that eateth not judge him that eateth: for God hath received him. Who art thou that judgest the [h]servant of another? to his own lord he standeth or falleth. Yea, he shall be made to stand; for the Lord hath power to make him stand. One man esteemeth one day above another: another esteemeth every day alike. Let each man be fully assured in his own mind. He that regardeth the day, regardeth it unto the Lord: and he that eateth, eateth unto the Lord, for he giveth God thanks; and he that eateth not, unto the Lord he eateth not, and giveth God thanks. For none of us liveth to himself, and none dieth to himself. For whether we live, we live unto the Lord; or whether we die, we die unto the Lord: whether we live therefore, or die, we are the Lord’s. For to this end Christ died and lived again, that he might be Lord of both the dead and the living. 10 But thou, why dost thou judge thy brother? or thou again, why dost thou set at nought thy brother? for we shall all stand before the judgment-seat of God. 11 For it is written,

[i]As I live, saith the Lord, to me every knee shall bow,
And every tongue shall [j]confess to God.

12 So then each one of us shall give account of himself to God.

13 Let us not therefore judge one another any more: but judge ye this rather, that no man put a stumblingblock in his brother’s way, or an occasion of falling. 14 I know, and am persuaded in the Lord Jesus, that nothing is unclean of itself: save that to him who accounteth anything to be unclean, to him it is unclean. 15 For if because of meat thy brother is grieved, thou walkest no longer in love. Destroy not with thy meat him for whom Christ died. 16 Let not then your good be evil spoken of: 17 for the kingdom of God is not eating and drinking, but righteousness and peace and joy in the Holy Spirit. 18 For he that herein serveth Christ is well-pleasing to God, and approved of men. 19 So then [k]let us follow after things which make for peace, and things whereby we may edify one another. 20 Overthrow not for meat’s sake the work of God. All things indeed are clean; howbeit it is evil for that man who eateth with offence. 21 It is good not to eat flesh, nor to drink wine, nor to do anything whereby thy brother stumbleth[l]. 22 The faith which thou hast, have thou to thyself before God. Happy is he that judgeth not himself in that which he [m]approveth. 23 But he that doubteth is condemned if he eat, because he eateth not of faith; and whatsoever is not of faith is sin.[n]

15 Now we that are strong ought to bear the infirmities of the weak, and not to please ourselves. Let each one of us please his neighbor for that which is good, unto edifying. For Christ also pleased not himself; but, as it is written, [o]The reproaches of them that reproached thee fell upon me. For whatsoever things were written aforetime were written for our learning, that through [p]patience and through comfort of the scriptures we might have hope. Now the God of [q]patience and of comfort grant you to be of the same mind one with another according to Christ Jesus: that with one accord ye may with one mouth glorify [r]the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ. Wherefore receive ye one another, even as Christ also received [s]you, to the glory of God. For I say that Christ hath been made a minister of the circumcision for the truth of God, that he might confirm the promises given unto the fathers, and that the Gentiles might glorify God for his mercy; as it is written,

[t]Therefore will I [u]give praise unto thee among the [v]Gentiles,
And sing unto thy name.

10 And again he saith,

[w]Rejoice, ye [x]Gentiles, with his people.

11 And again,

[y]Praise the Lord, all ye [z]Gentiles;
And let all the peoples praise him.

12 And again, Isaiah saith,

[aa]There shall be the root of Jesse,
And he that ariseth to rule over the [ab]Gentiles;
On him shall the [ac]Gentiles hope.

13 Now the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace in believing, that ye may abound in hope, in the power of the Holy Spirit.

14 And I myself also am persuaded of you, my brethren, that ye yourselves are full of goodness, filled with all knowledge, able also to admonish one another. 15 But I write the more boldly unto you in some measure, as putting you again in remembrance, because of the grace that was given me of God, 16 that I should be a minister of Christ Jesus unto the [ad]Gentiles, [ae]ministering the [af]gospel of God, that the offering up of the Gentiles might be made acceptable, being sanctified by the Holy Spirit. 17 I have therefore my glorying in Christ Jesus in things pertaining to God. 18 For I will not dare to speak of any [ag]things save those which Christ wrought through me, for the obedience of the [ah]Gentiles, by word and deed, 19 in the power of signs and wonders, in the power of [ai]the Holy Spirit; so that from Jerusalem, and round about even unto Illyricum, I have [aj]fully preached the [ak]gospel of Christ; 20 yea, [al]making it my aim so to [am]preach the gospel, not where Christ was already named, that I might not build upon another man’s foundation; 21 but, as it is written,

[an]They shall see, to whom no tidings of him came,
And they who have not heard shall understand.

22 Wherefore also I was hindered these many times from coming to you: 23 but now, having no more any place in these regions, and having these many years a longing to come unto you, 24 whensoever I go unto Spain (for I hope to see you in my journey, and to be brought on my way thitherward by you, if first in some measure I shall have been satisfied with your company)— 25 but now, I say, I go unto Jerusalem, ministering unto the saints. 26 For it hath been the good pleasure of Macedonia and Achaia to make a certain contribution for the poor among the saints that are at Jerusalem. 27 Yea, it hath been their good pleasure; and their debtors they are. For if the Gentiles have been made partakers of their spiritual things, they owe it to them also to minister unto them in carnal things. 28 When therefore I have accomplished this, and have sealed to them this fruit, I will go on by you unto Spain. 29 And I know that, when I come unto you, I shall come in the fulness of the blessing of Christ.

30 Now I beseech you, brethren, by our Lord Jesus Christ, and by the love of the Spirit, that ye strive together with me in your prayers to God for me; 31 that I may be delivered from them that are disobedient in Judaea, and that my ministration which I have for Jerusalem may be acceptable to the saints; 32 that I may come unto you in joy through the will of God, and together with you find rest. 33 Now the God of peace be with you all. Amen.

16 I commend unto you Phoebe our sister, who is a [ao]servant of the church that is at Cenchreae: that ye receive her in the Lord, worthily of the saints, and that ye assist her in whatsoever matter she may have need of you: for she herself also hath been a helper of many, and of mine own self.

Salute Prisca and Aquila my fellow-workers in Christ Jesus, who for my life laid down their own necks; unto whom not only I give thanks, but also all the churches of the Gentiles: and salute the church that is in their house. Salute Epaenetus my beloved, who is the first-fruits of Asia unto Christ. Salute Mary, who bestowed much labor on you. Salute Andronicus and [ap]Junias, my kinsmen, and my fellow-prisoners, who are of note among the apostles, who also have been in Christ before me. Salute Ampliatus my beloved in the Lord. Salute Urbanus our fellow-worker in Christ, and Stachys my beloved. 10 Salute Apelles the approved in Christ. Salute them that are of the household of Aristobulus. 11 Salute Herodion my kinsman. Salute them of the household of Narcissus, that are in the Lord. 12 Salute Tryphaena and Tryphosa, who labor in the Lord. Salute Persis the beloved, who labored much in the Lord. 13 Salute Rufus the chosen in the Lord, and his mother and mine. 14 Salute Asyncritus, Phlegon, Hermes, Patrobas, Hermas, and the brethren that are with them. 15 Salute Philologus and Julia, Nereus and his sister, and Olympas, and all the saints that are with them. 16 Salute one another with a holy kiss. All the churches of Christ salute you.

17 Now I beseech you, brethren, mark them that are causing the divisions and occasions of stumbling, contrary to the [aq]doctrine which ye learned: and turn away from them. 18 For they that are such serve not our Lord Christ, but their own belly; and by their smooth and fair speech they beguile the hearts of the innocent. 19 For your obedience is come abroad unto all men. I rejoice therefore over you: but I would have you wise unto that which is good, and simple unto that which is evil. 20 And the God of peace shall bruise Satan under your feet shortly.

The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you.

21 Timothy my fellow-worker saluteth you; and Lucius and Jason and Sosipater, my kinsmen. 22 I Tertius, [ar]who write the epistle, salute you in the Lord. 23 Gaius my host, and of the whole church, saluteth you. Erastus the treasurer of the city saluteth you, and Quartus the brother.[as]

25 [at]Now to him that is able to establish you according to my [au]gospel and the preaching of Jesus Christ, according to the revelation of the mystery which hath been kept in silence through times eternal, 26 but now is manifested, and [av]by the scriptures of the prophets, according to the commandment of the eternal God, is made known unto all the [aw]nations unto obedience [ax]of faith: 27 to the only wise God, through Jesus Christ, [ay]to whom be the glory [az]for ever. Amen.

Footnotes

  1. Romans 13:4 Or, it
  2. Romans 13:4 Or, it
  3. Romans 13:4 Or, it
  4. Romans 13:8 Greek the other. Compare 1 Cor. 6:1; 10:24; Gal. 6:4.
  5. Romans 13:9 Ex. 20:13ff; Dt. 5:17ff.
  6. Romans 13:11 Or, our salvation nearer than when etc.
  7. Romans 14:1 Or, to doubtful disputations
  8. Romans 14:4 Greek household-servant.
  9. Romans 14:11 Isa. 45:23.
  10. Romans 14:11 Or, give praise
  11. Romans 14:19 Many ancient authorities read we follow.
  12. Romans 14:21 Many ancient authorities add or is offended, or is weak.
  13. Romans 14:22 Or, putteth to the test
  14. Romans 14:23 Many authorities, some ancient, insert here 16:25-27.
  15. Romans 15:3 Ps. 69:9.
  16. Romans 15:4 Or, stedfastness
  17. Romans 15:5 Or, stedfastness
  18. Romans 15:6 Or, God and the Father. So 2 Cor. 1:3; 11:31; Eph. 1:3; 1 Pet. 1:3
  19. Romans 15:7 Some ancient authorities read us.
  20. Romans 15:9 Ps. 18:49 (or 2 Sam. 22:50)
  21. Romans 15:9 Or, confess
  22. Romans 15:9 Greek nations. Compare Mt. 4:15.
  23. Romans 15:10 Dt. 32:43.
  24. Romans 15:10 Greek nations.
  25. Romans 15:11 Ps. 117:1.
  26. Romans 15:11 Greek nations.
  27. Romans 15:12 Isa. 11:10.
  28. Romans 15:12 Greek nations.
  29. Romans 15:12 Greek nations.
  30. Romans 15:16 Greek nations.
  31. Romans 15:16 Greek ministering in sacrifice.
  32. Romans 15:16 See marginal note on 1:1.
  33. Romans 15:18 Greek of those things which Christ wrought not through me.
  34. Romans 15:18 Greek nations.
  35. Romans 15:19 Many ancient authorities read the Spirit of God. One reads the Spirit.
  36. Romans 15:19 Greek fulfilled. Compare Col. 1:25.
  37. Romans 15:19 See marginal note on 1:1.
  38. Romans 15:20 Greek being ambitious. 2 Cor. 5:9; 1 Th. 4:11.
  39. Romans 15:20 See marginal note on 1:15.
  40. Romans 15:21 Isa. 52:15.
  41. Romans 16:1 Or, deaconess
  42. Romans 16:7 Or, Junia
  43. Romans 16:17 Or, teaching
  44. Romans 16:22 Or, who write the epistle in the Lord, salute you
  45. Romans 16:23 Some ancient authorities insert here verse 24 The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Amen, and omit the like words in verse 20.
  46. Romans 16:25 Some ancient authorities omit verses 25–27. Compare the end of chapter 14.
  47. Romans 16:25 See marginal note on 1:1.
  48. Romans 16:26 Greek through.
  49. Romans 16:26 Or, Gentiles
  50. Romans 16:26 Or, to the faith
  51. Romans 16:27 Some ancient authorities omit to whom.
  52. Romans 16:27 Greek unto the ages.

Submission to Governing Authorities

13 Let everyone be subject to the governing authorities,(A) for there is no authority except that which God has established.(B) The authorities that exist have been established by God. Consequently, whoever rebels against the authority is rebelling against what God has instituted,(C) and those who do so will bring judgment on themselves. For rulers hold no terror for those who do right, but for those who do wrong. Do you want to be free from fear of the one in authority? Then do what is right and you will be commended.(D) For the one in authority is God’s servant for your good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, for rulers do not bear the sword for no reason. They are God’s servants, agents of wrath to bring punishment on the wrongdoer.(E) Therefore, it is necessary to submit to the authorities, not only because of possible punishment but also as a matter of conscience.(F)

This is also why you pay taxes,(G) for the authorities are God’s servants, who give their full time to governing. Give to everyone what you owe them: If you owe taxes, pay taxes;(H) if revenue, then revenue; if respect, then respect; if honor, then honor.

Love Fulfills the Law

Let no debt remain outstanding, except the continuing debt to love one another, for whoever loves others has fulfilled the law.(I) The commandments, “You shall not commit adultery,” “You shall not murder,” “You shall not steal,” “You shall not covet,”[a](J) and whatever other command there may be, are summed up(K) in this one command: “Love your neighbor as yourself.”[b](L) 10 Love does no harm to a neighbor. Therefore love is the fulfillment of the law.(M)

The Day Is Near

11 And do this, understanding the present time: The hour has already come(N) for you to wake up from your slumber,(O) because our salvation is nearer now than when we first believed. 12 The night is nearly over; the day is almost here.(P) So let us put aside the deeds of darkness(Q) and put on the armor(R) of light. 13 Let us behave decently, as in the daytime, not in carousing and drunkenness,(S) not in sexual immorality and debauchery, not in dissension and jealousy.(T) 14 Rather, clothe yourselves with the Lord Jesus Christ,(U) and do not think about how to gratify the desires of the flesh.[c](V)

The Weak and the Strong

14 Accept the one whose faith is weak,(W) without quarreling over disputable matters. One person’s faith allows them to eat anything, but another, whose faith is weak, eats only vegetables.(X) The one who eats everything must not treat with contempt(Y) the one who does not, and the one who does not eat everything must not judge(Z) the one who does, for God has accepted them. Who are you to judge someone else’s servant?(AA) To their own master, servants stand or fall. And they will stand, for the Lord is able to make them stand.

One person considers one day more sacred than another;(AB) another considers every day alike. Each of them should be fully convinced in their own mind. Whoever regards one day as special does so to the Lord. Whoever eats meat does so to the Lord, for they give thanks to God;(AC) and whoever abstains does so to the Lord and gives thanks to God. For none of us lives for ourselves alone,(AD) and none of us dies for ourselves alone. If we live, we live for the Lord; and if we die, we die for the Lord. So, whether we live or die, we belong to the Lord.(AE) For this very reason, Christ died and returned to life(AF) so that he might be the Lord of both the dead and the living.(AG)

10 You, then, why do you judge your brother or sister[d]? Or why do you treat them with contempt?(AH) For we will all stand before God’s judgment seat.(AI) 11 It is written:

“‘As surely as I live,’(AJ) says the Lord,
‘every knee will bow before me;
    every tongue will acknowledge God.’”[e](AK)

12 So then, each of us will give an account of ourselves to God.(AL)

13 Therefore let us stop passing judgment(AM) on one another. Instead, make up your mind not to put any stumbling block or obstacle in the way of a brother or sister.(AN) 14 I am convinced, being fully persuaded in the Lord Jesus, that nothing is unclean in itself.(AO) But if anyone regards something as unclean, then for that person it is unclean.(AP) 15 If your brother or sister is distressed because of what you eat, you are no longer acting in love.(AQ) Do not by your eating destroy someone for whom Christ died.(AR) 16 Therefore do not let what you know is good be spoken of as evil.(AS) 17 For the kingdom of God is not a matter of eating and drinking,(AT) but of righteousness, peace(AU) and joy in the Holy Spirit,(AV) 18 because anyone who serves Christ in this way is pleasing to God and receives human approval.(AW)

19 Let us therefore make every effort to do what leads to peace(AX) and to mutual edification.(AY) 20 Do not destroy the work of God for the sake of food.(AZ) All food is clean,(BA) but it is wrong for a person to eat anything that causes someone else to stumble.(BB) 21 It is better not to eat meat or drink wine or to do anything else that will cause your brother or sister to fall.(BC)

22 So whatever you believe about these things keep between yourself and God. Blessed is the one who does not condemn(BD) himself by what he approves. 23 But whoever has doubts(BE) is condemned if they eat, because their eating is not from faith; and everything that does not come from faith is sin.[f]

15 We who are strong ought to bear with the failings of the weak(BF) and not to please ourselves. Each of us should please our neighbors for their good,(BG) to build them up.(BH) For even Christ did not please himself(BI) but, as it is written: “The insults of those who insult you have fallen on me.”[g](BJ) For everything that was written in the past was written to teach us,(BK) so that through the endurance taught in the Scriptures and the encouragement they provide we might have hope.

May the God who gives endurance and encouragement give you the same attitude of mind(BL) toward each other that Christ Jesus had, so that with one mind and one voice you may glorify(BM) the God and Father(BN) of our Lord Jesus Christ.

Accept one another,(BO) then, just as Christ accepted you, in order to bring praise to God. For I tell you that Christ has become a servant of the Jews[h](BP) on behalf of God’s truth, so that the promises(BQ) made to the patriarchs might be confirmed and, moreover, that the Gentiles(BR) might glorify God(BS) for his mercy. As it is written:

“Therefore I will praise you among the Gentiles;
    I will sing the praises of your name.”[i](BT)

10 Again, it says,

“Rejoice, you Gentiles, with his people.”[j](BU)

11 And again,

“Praise the Lord, all you Gentiles;
    let all the peoples extol him.”[k](BV)

12 And again, Isaiah says,

“The Root of Jesse(BW) will spring up,
    one who will arise to rule over the nations;
    in him the Gentiles will hope.”[l](BX)

13 May the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace(BY) as you trust in him, so that you may overflow with hope by the power of the Holy Spirit.(BZ)

Paul the Minister to the Gentiles

14 I myself am convinced, my brothers and sisters, that you yourselves are full of goodness,(CA) filled with knowledge(CB) and competent to instruct one another. 15 Yet I have written you quite boldly on some points to remind you of them again, because of the grace God gave me(CC) 16 to be a minister of Christ Jesus to the Gentiles.(CD) He gave me the priestly duty of proclaiming the gospel of God,(CE) so that the Gentiles might become an offering(CF) acceptable to God, sanctified by the Holy Spirit.

17 Therefore I glory in Christ Jesus(CG) in my service to God.(CH) 18 I will not venture to speak of anything except what Christ has accomplished through me in leading the Gentiles(CI) to obey God(CJ) by what I have said and done— 19 by the power of signs and wonders,(CK) through the power of the Spirit of God.(CL) So from Jerusalem(CM) all the way around to Illyricum, I have fully proclaimed the gospel of Christ.(CN) 20 It has always been my ambition to preach the gospel(CO) where Christ was not known, so that I would not be building on someone else’s foundation.(CP) 21 Rather, as it is written:

“Those who were not told about him will see,
    and those who have not heard will understand.”[m](CQ)

22 This is why I have often been hindered from coming to you.(CR)

Paul’s Plan to Visit Rome

23 But now that there is no more place for me to work in these regions, and since I have been longing for many years to visit you,(CS) 24 I plan to do so when I go to Spain.(CT) I hope to see you while passing through and to have you assist(CU) me on my journey there, after I have enjoyed your company for a while. 25 Now, however, I am on my way to Jerusalem(CV) in the service(CW) of the Lord’s people(CX) there. 26 For Macedonia(CY) and Achaia(CZ) were pleased to make a contribution for the poor among the Lord’s people in Jerusalem.(DA) 27 They were pleased to do it, and indeed they owe it to them. For if the Gentiles have shared in the Jews’ spiritual blessings, they owe it to the Jews to share with them their material blessings.(DB) 28 So after I have completed this task and have made sure that they have received this contribution, I will go to Spain(DC) and visit you on the way. 29 I know that when I come to you,(DD) I will come in the full measure of the blessing of Christ.

30 I urge you, brothers and sisters, by our Lord Jesus Christ and by the love of the Spirit,(DE) to join me in my struggle by praying to God for me.(DF) 31 Pray that I may be kept safe(DG) from the unbelievers in Judea and that the contribution(DH) I take to Jerusalem may be favorably received by the Lord’s people(DI) there, 32 so that I may come to you(DJ) with joy, by God’s will,(DK) and in your company be refreshed.(DL) 33 The God of peace(DM) be with you all. Amen.

Personal Greetings

16 I commend(DN) to you our sister Phoebe, a deacon[n][o] of the church in Cenchreae.(DO) I ask you to receive her in the Lord(DP) in a way worthy of his people(DQ) and to give her any help she may need from you, for she has been the benefactor of many people, including me.

Greet Priscilla[p] and Aquila,(DR) my co-workers(DS) in Christ Jesus.(DT) They risked their lives for me. Not only I but all the churches of the Gentiles are grateful to them.

Greet also the church that meets at their house.(DU)

Greet my dear friend Epenetus, who was the first convert(DV) to Christ in the province of Asia.(DW)

Greet Mary, who worked very hard for you.

Greet Andronicus and Junia, my fellow Jews(DX) who have been in prison with me.(DY) They are outstanding among[q] the apostles, and they were in Christ(DZ) before I was.

Greet Ampliatus, my dear friend in the Lord.

Greet Urbanus, our co-worker in Christ,(EA) and my dear friend Stachys.

10 Greet Apelles, whose fidelity to Christ has stood the test.(EB)

Greet those who belong to the household(EC) of Aristobulus.

11 Greet Herodion, my fellow Jew.(ED)

Greet those in the household(EE) of Narcissus who are in the Lord.

12 Greet Tryphena and Tryphosa, those women who work hard in the Lord.

Greet my dear friend Persis, another woman who has worked very hard in the Lord.

13 Greet Rufus,(EF) chosen(EG) in the Lord, and his mother, who has been a mother to me, too.

14 Greet Asyncritus, Phlegon, Hermes, Patrobas, Hermas and the other brothers and sisters with them.

15 Greet Philologus, Julia, Nereus and his sister, and Olympas and all the Lord’s people(EH) who are with them.(EI)

16 Greet one another with a holy kiss.(EJ)

All the churches of Christ send greetings.

17 I urge you, brothers and sisters, to watch out for those who cause divisions and put obstacles in your way that are contrary to the teaching you have learned.(EK) Keep away from them.(EL) 18 For such people are not serving our Lord Christ,(EM) but their own appetites.(EN) By smooth talk and flattery they deceive(EO) the minds of naive people. 19 Everyone has heard(EP) about your obedience, so I rejoice because of you; but I want you to be wise about what is good, and innocent about what is evil.(EQ)

20 The God of peace(ER) will soon crush(ES) Satan(ET) under your feet.

The grace of our Lord Jesus be with you.(EU)

21 Timothy,(EV) my co-worker, sends his greetings to you, as do Lucius,(EW) Jason(EX) and Sosipater, my fellow Jews.(EY)

22 I, Tertius, who wrote down this letter, greet you in the Lord.

23 Gaius,(EZ) whose hospitality I and the whole church here enjoy, sends you his greetings.

Erastus,(FA) who is the city’s director of public works, and our brother Quartus send you their greetings. [24] [r]

25 Now to him who is able(FB) to establish you in accordance with my gospel,(FC) the message I proclaim about Jesus Christ, in keeping with the revelation of the mystery(FD) hidden for long ages past, 26 but now revealed and made known through the prophetic writings(FE) by the command of the eternal God, so that all the Gentiles might come to the obedience that comes from[s] faith(FF) 27 to the only wise God be glory forever through Jesus Christ! Amen.(FG)

Footnotes

  1. Romans 13:9 Exodus 20:13-15,17; Deut. 5:17-19,21
  2. Romans 13:9 Lev. 19:18
  3. Romans 13:14 In contexts like this, the Greek word for flesh (sarx) refers to the sinful state of human beings, often presented as a power in opposition to the Spirit.
  4. Romans 14:10 The Greek word for brother or sister (adelphos) refers here to a believer, whether man or woman, as part of God’s family; also in verses 13, 15 and 21.
  5. Romans 14:11 Isaiah 45:23
  6. Romans 14:23 Some manuscripts place 16:25-27 here; others after 15:33.
  7. Romans 15:3 Psalm 69:9
  8. Romans 15:8 Greek circumcision
  9. Romans 15:9 2 Samuel 22:50; Psalm 18:49
  10. Romans 15:10 Deut. 32:43
  11. Romans 15:11 Psalm 117:1
  12. Romans 15:12 Isaiah 11:10 (see Septuagint)
  13. Romans 15:21 Isaiah 52:15 (see Septuagint)
  14. Romans 16:1 Or servant
  15. Romans 16:1 The word deacon refers here to a Christian designated to serve with the overseers/elders of the church in a variety of ways; similarly in Phil. 1:1 and 1 Tim. 3:8,12.
  16. Romans 16:3 Greek Prisca, a variant of Priscilla
  17. Romans 16:7 Or are esteemed by
  18. Romans 16:24 Some manuscripts include here May the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with all of you. Amen.
  19. Romans 16:26 Or that is