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14 How then will they call on him in whom they have not believed? And how are they to believe in him (A)of whom they have never heard?[a] And how are they to hear (B)without someone preaching? 15 And how are they to preach unless they are sent? As it is written, (C)“How beautiful are the feet of those who preach the good news!” 16 But (D)they have not all obeyed the gospel. For Isaiah says, (E)“Lord, who has believed what he has heard from us?” 17 So (F)faith comes from hearing, and hearing through the word of Christ.

18 But I ask, have they not heard? Indeed they have, for

(G)“Their voice has gone out (H)to all the earth,
    and their words to the ends of the world.”

19 But I ask, did Israel not understand? First Moses says,

(I)“I will (J)make you jealous of those who are not a nation;
    with a (K)foolish nation I will make you angry.”

20 Then Isaiah is so bold as to say,

(L)“I have been found by those who did not seek me;
    I have shown myself to those who did not ask for me.”

21 But of Israel he says, (M)“All day long I have held out my hands to a disobedient and contrary people.”

The Remnant of Israel

11 I ask, then, (N)has God rejected his people? By no means! For (O)I myself am an Israelite, a descendant of Abraham,[b] a member of the tribe of Benjamin. (P)God has not rejected his people whom he (Q)foreknew. Do you not know what the Scripture says of Elijah, how he appeals to God against Israel? (R)“Lord, they have killed your prophets, they have demolished your altars, and I alone am left, and they seek my life.” But what is God's reply to him? (S)“I have kept for myself seven thousand men who have not bowed the knee to Baal.” So too at the present time there is (T)a remnant, chosen by grace. (U)But if it is by grace, it is no longer on the basis of works; otherwise grace would no longer be grace.

What then? (V)Israel failed to obtain what it was seeking. The elect obtained it, but the rest (W)were hardened, as it is written,

(X)“God gave them a spirit of stupor,
    (Y)eyes that would not see
    and ears that would not hear,
down to this very day.”

And David says,

(Z)“Let their table become a snare and a trap,
    a stumbling block and a retribution for them;
10 let their eyes be darkened so that they cannot see,
    and bend their backs for ever.”

Gentiles Grafted In

11 So I ask, did they stumble in order that they might fall? By no means! Rather through their trespass (AA)salvation has come to the Gentiles, so as to make Israel jealous. 12 Now if their trespass means riches for the world, and if their failure means riches for the Gentiles, how much more will their full inclusion[c] mean!

Footnotes

  1. Romans 10:14 Or him whom they have never heard
  2. Romans 11:1 Or one of the offspring of Abraham
  3. Romans 11:12 Greek their fullness

14 How, then, can they call on the one they have not believed in? And how can they believe in the one of whom they have not heard? And how can they hear without someone preaching to them? 15 And how can anyone preach unless they are sent? As it is written: “How beautiful are the feet of those who bring good news!”[a](A)

16 But not all the Israelites accepted the good news.(B) For Isaiah says, “Lord, who has believed our message?”[b](C) 17 Consequently, faith comes from hearing the message,(D) and the message is heard through the word about Christ.(E) 18 But I ask: Did they not hear? Of course they did:

“Their voice has gone out into all the earth,
    their words to the ends of the world.”[c](F)

19 Again I ask: Did Israel not understand? First, Moses says,

“I will make you envious(G) by those who are not a nation;
    I will make you angry by a nation that has no understanding.”[d](H)

20 And Isaiah boldly says,

“I was found by those who did not seek me;
    I revealed myself to those who did not ask for me.”[e](I)

21 But concerning Israel he says,

“All day long I have held out my hands
    to a disobedient and obstinate people.”[f](J)

The Remnant of Israel

11 I ask then: Did God reject his people? By no means!(K) I am an Israelite myself, a descendant of Abraham,(L) from the tribe of Benjamin.(M) God did not reject his people,(N) whom he foreknew.(O) Don’t you know what Scripture says in the passage about Elijah—how he appealed to God against Israel: “Lord, they have killed your prophets and torn down your altars; I am the only one left, and they are trying to kill me”[g]?(P) And what was God’s answer to him? “I have reserved for myself seven thousand who have not bowed the knee to Baal.”[h](Q) So too, at the present time there is a remnant(R) chosen by grace.(S) And if by grace, then it cannot be based on works;(T) if it were, grace would no longer be grace.

What then? What the people of Israel sought so earnestly they did not obtain.(U) The elect among them did, but the others were hardened,(V) as it is written:

“God gave them a spirit of stupor,
    eyes that could not see
    and ears that could not hear,(W)
to this very day.”[i](X)

And David says:

“May their table become a snare and a trap,
    a stumbling block and a retribution for them.
10 May their eyes be darkened so they cannot see,(Y)
    and their backs be bent forever.”[j](Z)

Ingrafted Branches

11 Again I ask: Did they stumble so as to fall beyond recovery? Not at all!(AA) Rather, because of their transgression, salvation has come to the Gentiles(AB) to make Israel envious.(AC) 12 But if their transgression means riches for the world, and their loss means riches for the Gentiles,(AD) how much greater riches will their full inclusion bring!

Footnotes

  1. Romans 10:15 Isaiah 52:7
  2. Romans 10:16 Isaiah 53:1
  3. Romans 10:18 Psalm 19:4
  4. Romans 10:19 Deut. 32:21
  5. Romans 10:20 Isaiah 65:1
  6. Romans 10:21 Isaiah 65:2
  7. Romans 11:3 1 Kings 19:10,14
  8. Romans 11:4 1 Kings 19:18
  9. Romans 11:8 Deut. 29:4; Isaiah 29:10
  10. Romans 11:10 Psalm 69:22,23