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After the death of Y’hoshua, the people of Isra’el asked Adonai, “Who will go up for us first to fight against the Kena‘ani?” Adonai said: “Y’hudah will go up; here, I have handed the land over to him.” Y’hudah said to his brother Shim‘on, “Come up with me into my assigned territory, so that we can fight against the Kena‘ani; and I likewise will go with you into your territory.” So Shim‘on went with him. Y’hudah went up; and Adonai gave the Kena‘ani and the P’rizi into their hands; of those in Bezek they killed ten thousand men. They found Adoni-Bezek in Bezek; and they fought against him. They killed the Kena‘ani and the P’rizi, but Adoni-Bezek fled. They pursued him, caught him, and cut off his thumbs and big toes. Adoni-Bezek said: “Seventy kings, with their thumbs and their big toes cut off, gathered food under my table; God has paid me back in accordance with what I did.” They brought him to Yerushalayim, and he died there.

Then the people of Y’hudah fought against Yerushalayim, captured it, overpowered it with the sword, and set the city on fire. Afterwards, the people of Y’hudah went down to fight against the Kena‘ani who lived in the hill-country, in the Negev, and in the Sh’felah. 10 Y’hudah also attacked the Kena‘ani living in Hevron (formerly called Kiryat-Arba), and they overpowered Sheshai, Achiman and Talmai.

11 From there they attacked the inhabitants of D’vir (D’vir was formerly called Kiryat-Sefer). 12 Kalev said: “To whoever overpowers Kiryat-Sefer and captures it I will give my daughter ‘Akhsah as his wife.” 13 ‘Otni’el the son of K’naz, Kalev’s younger brother, captured it; so he gave him ‘Akhsah his daughter as his wife. 14 After becoming his wife, she persuaded him to ask her father to give them a field; when she got off her donkey, Kalev asked her, “What do you want?” 15 She said to him: “Give me a blessing: since you gave me land in the Negev, also give me sources of water.” So Kalev gave her the Upper Springs and the Lower Springs.

16 Next, the descendants of the Keini, Moshe’s father-in-law, went up out of the City of Date-Palms with the people of Y’hudah into the Y’hudah Desert south of ‘Arad; and they came and settled with the people.

17 Y’hudah went with Shim‘on his brother; they overpowered the Kena‘ani who inhabited Tz’fat, and completely destroyed it. The name of the city was called Hormah. 18 Y’hudah also took ‘Azah with its territory, Ashkelon with its territory and ‘Ekron with its territory. 19 Adonai was with Y’hudah, and they took possession of the hill-country, because they could not drive out the inhabitants of the valley, since they had iron chariots.

20 They gave Hevron to Kalev, as Moshe had said to do; and he drove out from there the three sons of ‘Anak.

21 The people of Binyamin did not drive out the Y’vusi who inhabited Yerushalayim; rather, the Y’vusi continued living with the people of Binyamin in Yerushalayim, as they do to this day.

22 The house of Yosef likewise attacked Beit-El; and Adonai was with them. 23 The house of Yosef sent spies to Beit-El (the city was formerly called Luz). 24 The spies saw a man coming out of the city and said to him: “Please show us the way to enter the city, and we will treat you kindly.” 25 So he showed them the way into the city, and they overpowered the city with the sword, but they let the man and all his family go free. 26 He went into the land of the Hittim, built a city and called it Luz, which is its name to this day.

27 M’nasheh did not drive out the inhabitants of Beit-Sh’an and its villages, Ta‘anakh and its villages, Dor and its villages, Yivle‘am and its villages or Megiddo and its villages; so that the Kena‘ani managed to keep on living in that land. 28 In time, when Isra’el had grown strong, they did put the Kena‘ani to forced labor but failed to drive them out completely.

29 Efrayim did not drive out the Kena‘ani living in Gezer; so the Kena‘ani continued living in Gezer along with them.

30 Z’vulun did not drive out the inhabitants of Kitron or Nahalol; so the Kena‘ani continued to live among them but became subject to forced labor.

31 Asher did not drive out the inhabitants of ‘Akko, Tzidon, Achlav, Akhziv, Helbah, Afik or Rechov; 32 so the Asheri lived among the Kena‘ani who were living in the land, because they didn’t drive them out.

33 Naftali did not drive out the inhabitants of Beit-Shemesh or Beit-‘Anat but lived among the Kena‘ani living in the land; however, the inhabitants of Beit-Shemesh and Beit-‘Anat became forced labor for them.

34 The Emori forced the people of Dan into the hills; for they would not let them come down to the valley. 35 The Emori had resolved to live in the Heres Hills, in Ayalon and in Sha‘alvim; but when the power of the house of Yosef grew greater, they became subject to forced labor. 36 So the territory of the Emori was from the Scorpion Ascent and the Rock upward.

Now the angel of Adonai came up from Gilgal to Bokhim and said, “I brought you up out of Egypt, led you to the land I swore to your fathers and said, ‘I will never break my covenant with you; you, for your part, are not to make any covenant with the inhabitants of this land but must tear down their altars.’ However, you have paid no attention to what I said. What is this you have done? This is why I also said, ‘I will not drive them out before you; but they will be on your flanks, and their gods will become a snare for you.’” When the angel of Adonai spoke these words to all the people of Isra’el, they began crying and wailing at the top of their voices. So they called the name of that place Bokhim [crying] and sacrificed there to Adonai.

When Y’hoshua had sent the people away, the people of Isra’el had gone each one to his assigned property in order to take possession of the land. The people served Adonai throughout Y’hoshua’s life and throughout the lives of all the older men who outlived Y’hoshua and who had seen all the great work of Adonai which he had done for Isra’el. When Y’hoshua the son of Nun, the servant of Adonai, died, he was 110 years old; and they buried him near the boundary of his property in Timnat-Heres, in the hills of Efrayim, north of Mount Ga‘ash.

10 When that entire generation had been gathered to their ancestors, another generation arose that knew neither Adonai nor the work he had done for Isra’el. 11 Then the people of Isra’el did what was evil from Adonai’s perspective and served the ba‘alim. 12 They abandoned Adonai, the God of their fathers, who had brought them out of the land of Egypt, and followed other gods, selected from the gods of the peoples around them, and worshipped them; this made Adonai angry. 13 They abandoned Adonai and served Ba‘al and the ‘ashtarot. 14 The anger of Adonai blazed against Isra’el; and he handed them over to pillagers, who plundered them, and to their enemies around them; so that they could no longer resist their enemies. 15 Whenever they launched an attack, the power of Adonai was against them, so that things turned out badly — just as Adonai had said would happen and had sworn to them. They were in dire distress.

16 But then Adonai raised up judges, who rescued them from the power of those who were plundering them. 17 Yet they did not pay attention to their judges, but made whores of themselves to other gods and worshipped them; they quickly turned away from the path on which their ancestors had walked, the way of obeying Adonai’s mitzvot — they failed to do this. 18 When Adonai raised up judges for them, Adonai was with the judge and delivered them from the hands of their enemies throughout the lifetime of the judge; for Adonai was moved to pity by their groaning under those oppressing and crushing them. 19 But after the judge died, they would relapse into worse behavior than that of their ancestors, following other gods to serve and worship them; they abandoned none of their practices or stubborn ways. 20 So the anger of Adonai blazed against Isra’el; he said, “Because this nation violates my covenant, which I ordered their fathers to obey; and they don’t pay attention to what I say; 21 in the future, I will not expel ahead of them any of the nations that Y’hoshua left when he died. 22 This is how I will test Isra’el, to see whether or not they will keep the way of Adonai, living according to it, as their ancestors did.” 23 So Adonai allowed those nations to remain where they were, without quickly driving them out; he did not hand them over to Y’hoshua.

These are the nations which Adonai allowed to remain, in order to put to the test all the people of Isra’el who had not known any of the wars with Kena‘an. This was only so that the generations of Isra’el who had previously known nothing of war might learn about it. These nations consisted of the five chiefs of the P’lishtim, all the Kena‘ani, the Tzidoni, and the Hivi who lived in the hills of the L’vanon between Mount Ba‘al-Hermon and the entrance to Hamat. They stayed there to test whether Isra’el would pay attention to the mitzvot of Adonai, which, through Moshe, he had ordered their ancestors to obey. So the people of Isra’el lived among the Kena‘ani, Hitti, Emori, P’rizi, Hivi and Y’vusi; taking their daughters as their wives, giving their own daughters to their sons and serving their gods.

Thus the people of Isra’el did what was evil from Adonai’s perspective, forgot Adonai their God, and served the ba‘alim and asherim. Therefore the anger of Adonai blazed against Isra’el, and he gave them over into the hands of Kushan-Rish‘atayim king of Aram-Naharayim; and the people of Isra’el served Kushan-Rish‘atayim eight years. But when the people of Isra’el cried out to Adonai, Adonai raised up a savior for the people of Isra’el; and he rescued them; this was ‘Otni’el, the son of Kalev’s younger brother K’naz. 10 The spirit of Adonai came upon him, and he judged Isra’el. Then he went out to war, and Adonai gave Kushan-Rish‘atayim king of Aram into his hands; his power prevailed against Kushan-Rish‘atayim. 11 So the land had rest for forty years, until ‘Otni’el the son of K’naz died.

12 But the people of Isra’el again did what was evil from Adonai’s perspective, so Adonai strengthened ‘Eglon the king of Mo’av against Isra’el, because they had done what was evil from Adonai’s perspective. 13 In confederation with the people of ‘Amon and ‘Amalek, ‘Eglon went out and defeated Isra’el, capturing the City of Date-Palms; 14 and the people of Isra’el served ‘Eglon the king of Mo’av eighteen years.

15 But when the people of Isra’el cried out to Adonai, Adonai raised up for them a savior, Ehud the son of Gera, from the tribe of Binyamin, a left-handed man. The people of Isra’el appointed him to take their tribute to ‘Eglon the king of Mo’av. 16 Ehud made himself a double-edged sword eighteen inches long and strapped it to his right thigh under his clothes. 17 Then he presented the tribute to ‘Eglon king of Mo’av. Now ‘Eglon was a very fat man. 18 When he had finished presenting the tribute, he dismissed the people who had brought it. 19 But he himself, after reaching the quarries at Gilgal, went back and said, “King, I have a secret message for you.” The king commanded silence, and all his attendants withdrew. 20 Ehud came to him; he was sitting alone by himself in his upstairs room, where it was cool. Ehud said: “I have a message from God for you.” As the king arose from his seat, 21 Ehud reached out with his left hand, took the sword from his right thigh, and thrust it into the king’s belly. 22 The hilt too went in after the blade, and the fat closed around the blade, for he did not draw the sword out of his belly, so that it came out behind. 23 Then Ehud went out onto the porch, shut the doors of the upstairs room behind him and locked them. 24 After Ehud had left, the king’s servants came. Seeing that the doors of the upper room were locked, they said, “He must be relieving himself in the inner part of the cool room.” 25 They waited until they became embarrassed, but he still didn’t open the doors of the upstairs room. So they took the key and opened them; and there before them lay their master, dead on the ground.

26 But while they were delaying, Ehud escaped — he passed beyond the quarries and arrived safely in Se‘irah. 27 Upon arrival in the hills of Efrayim, he began sounding the call on the shofar; and the people of Isra’el went down with him from the hill-country; he himself took the lead. 28 He said to them: “Follow me, because Adonai has given your enemy Mo’av into your hands. They went down after him, seized the fords of the Yarden opposite Mo’av and permitted no one to cross. 29 On that occasion they defeated Mo’av, some ten thousand men, all tough, experienced soldiers; not one of them escaped. 30 Thus was Mo’av subdued that day under the power of Isra’el. Then the land had rest for eighty years.

31 After Ehud came Shamgar the son of ‘Anat, who killed 600 P’lishtim with an oxgoad; and he too rescued Isra’el.

Now after the mot Yehoshua it came to pass, that the Bnei Yisroel asked Hashem, saying, Who shall go up for us against the Kena’ani first, to fight against him [them]?

And Hashem said, Yehudah shall go up; hinei, I have delivered HaAretz into his yad.

And Yehudah said unto Shim’on his brother, Come up with me into my goral (lot), and we will fight against the Kena’ani; and I likewise will go with thee into thy goral. So Shim’on went with him.

And Yehudah went up; and Hashem delivered the Kena’ani and the Perizzi into their yad; and they struck them down at Bezek ten thousand ish.

And they found Adoni-Bezek at Bezek; and they fought against him, and they struck down the Kena’ani and the Perizzi.

But Adoni-Bezek fled; and they pursued after him, and caught him, and cut off his thumbs and his big toes.

And Adoni-Bezek said, Threescore and ten melachim, having their thumbs and their big toes cut off, picked up their scraps under my shulchan; as I have done, so Elohim hath requited me. And they brought him to Yerushalayim, and there he died.

Now the Bnei Yehudah had fought against Yerushalayim, and had taken it, and put it to the edge of the cherev, and set eish to the Ir.

And afterward the Bnei Yehudah went down to fight against the Kena’ani that dwelt in the har, and in the Negev, and in the western foothills.

10 And Yehudah went against the Kena’ani that dwelt in Chevron; (now the shem of Chevron formerly was Kiryat-Arba); and they struck down Sheshai, and Achiman, and Talmai.

11 And from thence Yehudah went against the inhabitants of Devir; and the shem of Devir formerly was Yiryat-Sepher;

12 And Kalev said, He that striketh Yiryat-Sepher, and taketh it, to him will I give Achsah my bat as isha.

13 And Otniel ben Kenaz, Kalev’s younger brother, took it; and he gave him Achsah his bat as isha.

14 And it came to pass, when she came to him, that she urged him to ask of her av the sadeh; and she dismounted her donkey; and Kalev said unto her, What wilt thou?

15 And she said unto him, Give me bracha; since thou hast given me eretz hanegev; give me also gullot mayim. And Kalev gave her the upper gullot and the lower gullot.

16 And the Bnei Keni, khoten Moshe, went up out of the Ir HaTemarim with the Bnei Yehudah into the midbar of Yehudah, which lieth in the Negev of Arad; and they went and dwelt among the people.

17 And Yehudah went with Shim’on his brother, and they struck down the Kena’ani that inhabited Tzephat, and utterly destroyed it. And the shem of the Ir was called Chormah.

18 Also Yehudah took Azah (Gaza) and the territory thereof, and Askelon and the territory thereof, and Ekron and the territory thereof.

19 And Hashem was with Yehudah; and he possessed the inhabitants of the hill country; but could not drive out the inhabitants of the [broad] valley [areas], because they had chariots of barzel (iron).

20 And they gave Chevron unto Kalev, just as Moshe promised; and he expelled from there the three Bnei Anak.

21 And the Bnei Binyamin did not drive out the Yevusi that inhabited Yerushalayim; and the Yevusi dwell with the Bnei Binyamin in Yerushalayim unto this day.

22 And Bais Yosef, they also went up against Beit-El; and Hashem was with them.

23 And Bais Yosef sent shomrim (spies) to Beit-El. (Now the shem of the Ir formerly was Luz.)

24 And the shomrim saw an ish come forth out of the Ir, and they said unto him, Show us, now, the way to enter into the Ir, and we will show thee chesed.

25 And when he showed them the way to enter into the Ir, they struck down the Ir with the edge of the cherev; but they spared the ish and all his mishpakhah.

26 And the ish went into the eretz HaChittim, and built an Ir, and called the shem thereof Luz; which is the shem thereof unto this day.

27 Neither did Menasheh drive out the Beit-Sh’an and her villages, nor Ta’nach and her villages, nor the inhabitants of Dor and her villages, nor the inhabitants of Yivleam and her villages, nor the inhabitants of Megiddo and her villages; so the Kena’ani were determined to dwell in that land.

28 And it came to pass, when Yisroel was chazak, that they put the Kena’ani to forced labor, and did not utterly drive them out.

29 Neither did Ephrayim drive out the Kena’ani that dwelt in Gezer; but the Kena’ani dwelt in Gezer among them.

30 Neither did Zevulun drive out the inhabitants of Kitron, nor the inhabitants of Nahalol; but the Kena’ani dwelt among them, and became subject to forced labor.

31 Neither did Asher drive out the inhabitants of Akko, nor the inhabitants of Tzidon, nor of Achlav, nor of Achziv, nor of Chelbah, nor of Aphik, nor of Rechov;

32 But the Asheri dwelt among the Kena’ani, the inhabitants of HaAretz: for they did not drive them out.

33 Neither did Naphtali drive out the inhabitants of Beit-Shemesh, nor the inhabitants of Beit-Anat; but he dwelt among the Kena’ani, the inhabitants of HaAretz: nevertheless the inhabitants of Beit-Shemesh and of Beit-Anat were unto them subject to forced labor.

34 And the Emori forced the Bnei Dan into the hill country; for they would not allow them to come down into the [broad] valley [area];

35 But the Emori would dwell in Mt Cheres in Ayalon, and in Shaalvim: yet the yad Bais Yosef prevailed, so that they became subject to forced labor.

36 And the territory of the Emori was from the Akrabbim Ascent and the Rock, upward.

And Malach Hashem went up from Gilgal to Bochim, and said, I made you to go up out of Mitzrayim, and have brought you unto HaAretz which I swore unto your avot; and I said, I will never (l’olam) break My brit (covenant) with you.

And ye shall make no brit with the inhabitants of HaAretz HaZot; ye shall throw down their mizbechot. But ye have not obeyed My voice; why have ye done this?

Therefore I said, I will not drive them out from before you; but they shall flank you in, and their elohim shall be a mokesh unto you.

And it came to pass, when the Malach Hashem spoke these words unto kol Bnei Yisroel, that HaAm lifted up their voice, and wept.

And they called the shem of that place Bochim; and they sacrificed there unto Hashem.

And when Yehoshua had let HaAm go, the Bnei Yisroel went every ish unto his nachalah to possess HaAretz.

And HaAm served Hashem all the days of Yehoshua, and all the days of the zekenim that outlived Yehoshua, who had seen kol ma’aseh Hashem hagadol, that He did for Yisroel.

And Yehoshua ben Nun, the Eved Hashem, died, being a hundred and ten years old.

And they buried him in the territory of his nachalah in Timnat-Cheres, in the Har Ephrayim, on the north side of the Har Gaash.

10 And also all that dor were gathered unto their avot; and there arose another dor after them, which had no da’as of Hashem, nor yet the ma’aseh which He had done for Yisroel.

11 And the Bnei Yisroel did harah in the sight of Hashem, and served Baalim;

12 And they forsook Hashem Elohei Avotam, which brought them out of Eretz Mitzrayim, and followed acharei elohim, of the elohei ha’amim that were round about them, and bowed themselves unto them, and provoked Hashem to anger.

13 And they forsook Hashem, and served Baal and Ashtarot.

14 And the Af Hashem was hot against Yisroel, and He delivered them into the hands of plunderers that plundered them, and He sold them into the hands of their enemies round about, that they were not any longer able to stand before their enemies.

15 Whenever they went out, the yad Hashem was against them for ra’ah, just as Hashem had said, and just as Hashem had sworn unto them; and they were greatly distressed.

16 Nevertheless Hashem raised up Shofetim, which saved them out of the yad of those that plundered them.

17 And yet they would not pay heed unto their Shofetim, but they went a-whoring after acharei elohim, and bowed themselves unto them; they turned quickly from HaDerech which their Avot walked in, the Way of obedience to the mitzvot Hashem; but they did not so.

18 And when Hashem raised them up Shofetim, then Hashem was with the Shofet, and saved them out of the yad of their enemies all the days of the Shofet; for it relented Hashem because of their groanings by reason of them that oppressed them and afflicted them.

19 And it came to pass, when the Shofet was dead, that they turned again, and corrupted themselves more than their avot, in following acharei elohim to serve them, and to bow down unto them; they ceased not from their own doings, nor from their derech hakashah (stubborn way).

20 And the Af Hashem was hot against Yisroel; and He said, Because this people hath violated My brit (covenant) which I commanded their Avot, and have not paid heed unto My voice;

21 I also will not henceforth drive out any from before them of the Goyim which Yehoshua left when he died;

22 That through them I may test Yisroel, whether they will be shomrim Derech Hashem to walk therein, just as their Avot were shomer, or no.

23 Therefore Hashem let those Goyim remain, without driving them out hastily; neither delivered He them into the yad Yehoshua.

Now these are the Goyim which Hashem let remain, to test Yisroel by them, even as many of Yisroel who had not known all the milchamot Kena’an;

Only so that the dorot of the Bnei Yisroel might have da’as, to teach them milchamah, such as before knew nothing thereof;

Namely, five rulers of the Pelishtim (Philistines), and all the Kena’ani, and the Tzidoni, and the Chivi that dwelt in Har HaLevanon, from Har Baal-Chermon unto the entrance of Chamat.

And they were to test Yisroel by them, to know whether they would pay heed unto the Mitzvot Hashem, which He commanded their Avot by the yad Moshe.

And the Bnei Yisroel dwelt among the Kena’ani, Chitti, and Emori, and Perizzi, and Chivi, and Yevusi;

And they took their banot to be their nashim, and gave their banot to their banim, and served their elohim.

And the Bnei Yisroel did evil in the sight of Hashem, and forgot Hashem Eloheihem, and served Baalim and the Asherot.

Therefore the Af Hashem was hot against Yisroel, and He sold them into the yad Chushan Rishataim Melech Aram Naharayim [i.e., Upper Mesopotamia]; and the Bnei Yisroel served Chushan Rishataim eight years.

And when the Bnei Yisroel cried unto Hashem, Hashem raised up a Moshia (Deliverer, Savior) to the Bnei Yisroel, who saved them, even Otniel ben Kenaz, Kalev’s younger brother.

10 And the Ruach [Hakodesh] of Hashem came upon him, and he judged Yisroel, and went out to milchamah; and Hashem delivered Chushan Rishataim Melech Aram into his yad; and his yad prevailed against Chushan Rishataim.

11 And the land had rest arba’im shanah. And Otniel ben Kenaz died.

12 And the Bnei Yisroel did rah again in the sight of Hashem; and Hashem strengthened Eglon Melech Moav against Yisroel, because they had done rah in the sight of Hashem.

13 And he gathered unto him the Bnei Ammon and Amalek, and went and attacked Yisroel, and possessed the Ir HaTemarim.

14 So the Bnei Yisroel served Eglon Melech Moav eighteen years.

15 But when the Bnei Yisroel cried unto Hashem, Hashem raised them up a Moshi’a, Ehud ben Gera, from the tribe of Binyamin, a man left-handed; and by him the Bnei Yisroel sent a minchah unto Eglon Melech Moav.

16 But Ehud made him a cherev which had two edges of a cubit length; and he did gird it under his raiment upon his right thigh.

17 And he brought the minchah unto Eglon Melech Moav; and Eglon was an ish bari me’od (very fat man).

18 And when he had made an end to offer the minchah, he sent away the people that carried the minchah (tribute).

19 But he himself turned back at the pesilim near Gilgal, and said, I have a devar seter (secret message) for thee O melech; he said, Keep silence! And all that stood by attending him went out from him.

20 And Ehud came unto him; and he was sitting in an aliyyat hamekerah (upper room for cooling), which he had for himself alone. And Ehud said, I have a devar Elohim unto thee. And he arose out of his seat.

21 And Ehud put forth his semol (left hand), and drew the cherev from his right thigh, and thrust it into his belly;

22 And even the hilt went in after the blade; and the chelev closed upon the blade, so that he could not draw the cherev out of his belly; it came out the back.

23 Then Ehud went forth through the front hall, and shut the daletot of the aliyyah behind him, and locked them.

24 When he was gone out, his avadim came; and when they saw that, hinei, the daletot of the aliyyah were locked, they said, Surely he covereth his feet [i.e. relieves himself] in the chedar hamekerah (inner cool room).

25 And they tarried till bosh (embarrassed); and, hinei, he opened not the daletot of the aliyyah; therefore they took a mafte’ach (key), and unlocked them; and, hinei, their adon was fallen on the floor dead.

26 And Ehud escaped while they tarried, and passed beyond the pesilim, and escaped unto Seirah.

27 And it came to pass, when he arrived, that he blew a shofar in the har Ephrayim, and the Bnei Yisroel went down with him from the har, and he before them.

28 And he said unto them, Follow after me; for Hashem hath delivered your enemies Moav into your yad. And they went down after him, and took the fords of Yarden toward Moav, and allowed not an ish to pass over.

29 And they struck down Moav at that time about ten thousand ish, all strong ish chayil; and there escaped not an ish.

30 So Moav was subdued that day under the yad Yisroel. And HaAretz had rest fourscore shanah.

31 And after him was Shamgar ben Anat, which struck down of the Pelishtim (Philistines) six hundred ish with an ox goad; and he also saved Yisroel.