Things to Avoid

[a]What is the source of quarrels and (A)conflicts among you? [b]Is the source not your pleasures that wage (B)war in [c]your body’s parts? You lust and do not have, so you (C)commit murder. And you are envious and cannot obtain, so you fight and quarrel. You do not have because you do not ask. You ask and (D)do not receive, because you ask [d]with the wrong motives, so that you may spend what you request [e]on your pleasures. You (E)adulteresses, do you not know that friendship with (F)the world is (G)hostility toward God? (H)Therefore whoever wants to be a friend of the world makes himself an enemy of God. Or do you think that the Scripture (I)says to no purpose, “[f]He [g]jealously desires (J)the Spirit whom He has made to dwell in us”? But (K)He gives a greater grace. Therefore it says, “(L)God is opposed to the proud, but gives grace to the humble.” (M)Submit therefore to God. But [h](N)resist the devil, and he will flee from you. (O)Come close to God and He will come close to you. (P)Cleanse your hands, you sinners; and (Q)purify your hearts, you (R)[i]double-minded. (S)Be miserable, and mourn, and weep; let your laughter be turned into mourning, and your joy into gloom. 10 (T)Humble yourselves in the presence of the Lord, and He will exalt you.

11 (U)Do not speak against one another, (V)brothers and sisters. The one who speaks against a brother or sister, or (W)judges his brother or sister, speaks against (X)the law and judges the law; but if you judge the law, you are not (Y)a doer of the law but a judge of it. 12 There is only one (Z)Lawgiver and Judge, the One who is (AA)able to save and to destroy; but (AB)who are you, [j]judging your neighbor?

13 (AC)Come now, you who say, “(AD)Today or tomorrow we will go to such and such a city, and spend a year there and engage in business and make a profit.” 14 [k]Yet you do not know [l]what your life will be like tomorrow. (AE)For you are just a vapor that appears for a little while, and then vanishes away. 15 [m]Instead, you ought to say, “(AF)If the Lord wills, we will live and also do this or that.” 16 But as it is, you boast in your [n]arrogance; (AG)all such boasting is evil. 17 So (AH)for one who knows the [o]right thing to do and does not do it, for him it is sin.

Misuse of Riches

(AI)Come now, (AJ)you rich people, (AK)weep and howl for your miseries which are coming upon you. (AL)Your riches have rotted and your garments have become moth-eaten. Your gold and your silver have corroded, and their corrosion will [p]serve as a testimony against you and will consume your flesh like fire. It is (AM)in the last days that you have stored up your treasure! Behold, (AN)the pay of the laborers who mowed your fields, and which has been withheld by you, cries out against you; and (AO)the outcry of those who did the harvesting has reached the ears of (AP)the Lord [q]of armies. You have [r](AQ)lived for pleasure on the earth and lived luxuriously; you have [s]fattened your hearts in (AR)a day of slaughter. You have condemned and [t](AS)put to death (AT)the righteous person; he offers you no resistance.

Exhortation

Therefore be patient, (AU)brothers and sisters, (AV)until the coming of the Lord. (AW)The farmer waits for the precious produce of the soil, being patient about it, until [u]it gets (AX)the early and late rains. (AY)You too be patient; (AZ)strengthen your hearts, for (BA)the coming of the Lord is (BB)near. (BC)Do not [v]complain, (BD)brothers and sisters, against one another, so that you may not be judged; behold, (BE)the Judge is standing [w](BF)right at the [x]door. 10 As an example, (BG)brothers and sisters, of suffering and patience, take (BH)the prophets who spoke in the name of the Lord. 11 We count those (BI)blessed who endured. You have heard of (BJ)the [y]endurance of Job and have seen (BK)the [z]outcome of the Lord’s dealings, that (BL)the Lord is full of compassion and is merciful.

12 But above all, (BM)my brothers and sisters, (BN)do not swear, either by heaven or by earth or with any other oath; but [aa]your yes is to be yes, and your no, no, so that you do not fall under judgment.

13 Is anyone among you (BO)suffering? (BP)Then he must pray. Is anyone cheerful? He is to (BQ)sing praises. 14 Is anyone among you sick? Then he must call for (BR)the elders of the church and they are to pray over him, [ab](BS)anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord; 15 and the (BT)prayer of faith will [ac](BU)restore the one who is sick, and the Lord will (BV)raise him up, and if he has committed sins, [ad]they will be forgiven him. 16 Therefore, (BW)confess your sins to one another, and pray for one another so that you may be (BX)healed. (BY)A [ae]prayer of a righteous person, when it is [af]brought about, can accomplish much. 17 Elijah was (BZ)a man with a nature like ours, and (CA)he prayed [ag]earnestly that it would not rain, and it did not rain on the earth for (CB)three years and six months. 18 Then he (CC)prayed again, and (CD)the sky [ah]poured rain and the earth produced its fruit.

19 My brothers and sisters, (CE)if anyone among you strays from (CF)the truth and someone turns him back, 20 let him know that the one who has turned a sinner from the error of his way will (CG)save his soul from death and (CH)cover a multitude of sins.

Footnotes

  1. James 4:1 Lit From where wars and from where fightings
  2. James 4:1 Lit Are they not from here, from your
  3. James 4:1 Lit your parts
  4. James 4:3 Lit wrongly
  5. James 4:3 Lit in
  6. James 4:5 Or The spirit which He has made to dwell in us lusts with envy
  7. James 4:5 Lit desires to jealousy
  8. James 4:7 Or oppose
  9. James 4:8 I.e., chronic doubters
  10. James 4:12 Lit the one judging
  11. James 4:14 Lit Who do not
  12. James 4:14 Or what will happen tomorrow. What kind of life is yours?
  13. James 4:15 Lit Instead of your saying
  14. James 4:16 Or pretensions
  15. James 4:17 Or good
  16. James 5:3 Lit be for
  17. James 5:4 Gr sabaoth, for Heb tsebaoth
  18. James 5:5 Or led a life of self-indulgence
  19. James 5:5 Lit nourished
  20. James 5:6 Or murdered
  21. James 5:7 Or he
  22. James 5:9 Lit groan
  23. James 5:9 Lit before
  24. James 5:9 Lit doors
  25. James 5:11 Or steadfastness
  26. James 5:11 Lit end of the Lord
  27. James 5:12 Lit yours is to be yes, yes, and no, no
  28. James 5:14 Lit having anointed
  29. James 5:15 Lit save
  30. James 5:15 Lit it
  31. James 5:16 Or supplication
  32. James 5:16 I.e., granted by God
  33. James 5:17 Lit with prayer
  34. James 5:18 Lit gave

Submit Yourselves to God

What causes fights and quarrels(A) among you? Don’t they come from your desires that battle(B) within you? You desire but do not have, so you kill.(C) You covet but you cannot get what you want, so you quarrel and fight. You do not have because you do not ask God. When you ask, you do not receive,(D) because you ask with wrong motives,(E) that you may spend what you get on your pleasures.

You adulterous(F) people,[a] don’t you know that friendship with the world(G) means enmity against God?(H) Therefore, anyone who chooses to be a friend of the world becomes an enemy of God.(I) Or do you think Scripture says without reason that he jealously longs for the spirit he has caused to dwell in us[b]?(J) But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:

“God opposes the proud
    but shows favor to the humble.”[c](K)

Submit yourselves, then, to God. Resist the devil,(L) and he will flee from you. Come near to God and he will come near to you.(M) Wash your hands,(N) you sinners, and purify your hearts,(O) you double-minded.(P) Grieve, mourn and wail. Change your laughter to mourning and your joy to gloom.(Q) 10 Humble yourselves before the Lord, and he will lift you up.(R)

11 Brothers and sisters, do not slander one another.(S) Anyone who speaks against a brother or sister[d] or judges them(T) speaks against the law(U) and judges it. When you judge the law, you are not keeping it,(V) but sitting in judgment on it. 12 There is only one Lawgiver and Judge,(W) the one who is able to save and destroy.(X) But you—who are you to judge your neighbor?(Y)

Boasting About Tomorrow

13 Now listen,(Z) you who say, “Today or tomorrow we will go to this or that city, spend a year there, carry on business and make money.”(AA) 14 Why, you do not even know what will happen tomorrow. What is your life? You are a mist that appears for a little while and then vanishes.(AB) 15 Instead, you ought to say, “If it is the Lord’s will,(AC) we will live and do this or that.” 16 As it is, you boast in your arrogant schemes. All such boasting is evil.(AD) 17 If anyone, then, knows the good they ought to do and doesn’t do it, it is sin for them.(AE)

Warning to Rich Oppressors

Now listen,(AF) you rich people,(AG) weep and wail(AH) because of the misery that is coming on you. Your wealth has rotted, and moths have eaten your clothes.(AI) Your gold and silver are corroded. Their corrosion will testify against you and eat your flesh like fire. You have hoarded wealth in the last days.(AJ) Look! The wages you failed to pay the workers(AK) who mowed your fields are crying out against you. The cries(AL) of the harvesters have reached the ears of the Lord Almighty.(AM) You have lived on earth in luxury and self-indulgence. You have fattened yourselves(AN) in the day of slaughter.[e](AO) You have condemned and murdered(AP) the innocent one,(AQ) who was not opposing you.

Patience in Suffering

Be patient, then, brothers and sisters, until the Lord’s coming.(AR) See how the farmer waits for the land to yield its valuable crop, patiently waiting(AS) for the autumn and spring rains.(AT) You too, be patient and stand firm, because the Lord’s coming(AU) is near.(AV) Don’t grumble against one another, brothers and sisters,(AW) or you will be judged. The Judge(AX) is standing at the door!(AY)

10 Brothers and sisters, as an example of patience in the face of suffering, take the prophets(AZ) who spoke in the name of the Lord. 11 As you know, we count as blessed(BA) those who have persevered. You have heard of Job’s perseverance(BB) and have seen what the Lord finally brought about.(BC) The Lord is full of compassion and mercy.(BD)

12 Above all, my brothers and sisters, do not swear—not by heaven or by earth or by anything else. All you need to say is a simple “Yes” or “No.” Otherwise you will be condemned.(BE)

The Prayer of Faith

13 Is anyone among you in trouble? Let them pray.(BF) Is anyone happy? Let them sing songs of praise.(BG) 14 Is anyone among you sick? Let them call the elders(BH) of the church to pray over them and anoint them with oil(BI) in the name of the Lord. 15 And the prayer offered in faith(BJ) will make the sick person well; the Lord will raise them up. If they have sinned, they will be forgiven. 16 Therefore confess your sins(BK) to each other and pray for each other so that you may be healed.(BL) The prayer of a righteous person is powerful and effective.(BM)

17 Elijah was a human being, even as we are.(BN) He prayed earnestly that it would not rain, and it did not rain on the land for three and a half years.(BO) 18 Again he prayed, and the heavens gave rain, and the earth produced its crops.(BP)

19 My brothers and sisters, if one of you should wander from the truth(BQ) and someone should bring that person back,(BR) 20 remember this: Whoever turns a sinner from the error of their way will save(BS) them from death and cover over a multitude of sins.(BT)

Footnotes

  1. James 4:4 An allusion to covenant unfaithfulness; see Hosea 3:1.
  2. James 4:5 Or that the spirit he caused to dwell in us envies intensely; or that the Spirit he caused to dwell in us longs jealously
  3. James 4:6 Prov. 3:34
  4. James 4:11 The Greek word for brother or sister (adelphos) refers here to a believer, whether man or woman, as part of God’s family.
  5. James 5:5 Or yourselves as in a day of feasting

A Living Hope and a Sure Salvation

(A)Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ,

To those who reside as (B)strangers, (C)scattered throughout (D)Pontus, (E)Galatia, (F)Cappadocia, (G)Asia, and (H)Bithynia, (I)who are chosen according to the (J)foreknowledge of God the Father, (K)by the sanctifying work of the Spirit, [a]to (L)obey Jesus Christ and be (M)sprinkled with His blood: (N)May grace and peace be multiplied to you.

(O)Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who (P)according to His great mercy (Q)has caused us to be born again to (R)a living hope through the (S)resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead, to obtain an (T)inheritance which is imperishable, undefiled, and (U)will not fade away, (V)reserved in heaven for you, who are (W)protected by the power of God (X)through faith for (Y)a salvation ready (Z)to be revealed in the last time. (AA)In this you greatly rejoice, even though now (AB)for a little while, (AC)if necessary, you have been distressed by (AD)various [b]trials, so that the [c](AE)proof of your faith, being more precious than gold which perishes (AF)though tested by fire, (AG)may be found to result in praise, glory, and honor at (AH)the revelation of Jesus Christ; and (AI)though you have not seen Him, you (AJ)love Him, and though you do not see Him now, but believe in Him, you greatly rejoice with joy inexpressible and [d]full of glory, obtaining as (AK)the outcome of your faith, the salvation of [e]your souls.

10 (AL)As to this salvation, the prophets who (AM)prophesied of the (AN)grace that would come to you made careful searches and inquiries, 11 [f]seeking to know what person or time (AO)the Spirit of Christ within them was indicating as He (AP)predicted the sufferings of Christ and the glories [g]to follow. 12 It was revealed to them that they were not serving themselves, but you, in these things which now have been announced to you through those who (AQ)preached the gospel to you by (AR)the Holy Spirit sent from heaven—things into which (AS)angels long to [h]look.

13 Therefore, [i](AT)prepare your minds for action, [j](AU)keep sober in spirit, set your (AV)hope completely on the (AW)grace to be brought to you at (AX)the revelation of Jesus Christ. 14 As [k](AY)obedient children, do not [l](AZ)be conformed to the former lusts which were yours in your (BA)ignorance, 15 but [m](BB)like the Holy One who called you, [n](BC)be holy yourselves also (BD)in all your behavior; 16 because it is written: “(BE)You shall be holy, for I am holy.”

17 If you (BF)address as Father the One who (BG)impartially (BH)judges according to each one’s work, conduct yourselves (BI)in fear during the time of your (BJ)stay on earth; 18 knowing that you were not [o](BK)redeemed with perishable things like silver or gold from your (BL)futile way of life inherited from your forefathers, 19 but with precious (BM)blood, as of a (BN)lamb unblemished and spotless, the blood of Christ. 20 For He was (BO)foreknown before (BP)the foundation of the world, but has (BQ)appeared [p]in these last times (BR)for the sake of you 21 who through Him are (BS)believers in God, who raised Him from the dead and (BT)gave Him glory, so that your faith and (BU)hope are in God.

22 Since you have (BV)purified your souls (BW)in obedience to the truth for a (BX)sincere love of the brothers and sisters, fervently love one another from [q]the heart, 23 for you have been (BY)born again (BZ)not of seed which is perishable, but imperishable, that is, through the living and enduring (CA)word of God. 24 For,

(CB)All flesh is like grass,
And all its glory is like the flower of grass.
The grass withers,
And the flower falls off,
25 (CC)But the word of the Lord endures forever.”

And this is (CD)the word which was [r]preached to you.

As Newborn Babes

Therefore, (CE)rid yourselves of all [s]malice and all deceit and [t]hypocrisy and [u]envy and all [v](CF)slander, (CG)and like newborn babies, long for the [w](CH)pure [x]milk of the word, so that by it you may (CI)grow [y]in respect to salvation, if you have (CJ)tasted [z](CK)the kindness of the Lord.

As Living Stones

And coming to Him as to a living stone which has been (CL)rejected by people, but is [aa]choice and precious in the sight of God, (CM)you also, as living stones, [ab]are being built up as a (CN)spiritual house for a holy (CO)priesthood, to (CP)offer spiritual sacrifices that are acceptable to God through Jesus Christ. For this is contained in [ac]Scripture:

(CQ)Behold, I am laying in Zion a choice stone, a (CR)precious cornerstone,
And the one who believes in [ad]Him will not be [ae]put to shame.”

(CS)This precious value, then, is for you who believe; but for unbelievers,

(CT)A stone which the builders (CU)rejected,
This became the [af]chief cornerstone,”

and,

(CV)A stone of stumbling and a rock of offense”;

(CW)for they stumble because they are disobedient to the word, (CX)and to this they were also appointed.

But you are (CY)a chosen people, a royal (CZ)priesthood, a (DA)holy nation, (DB)a people for God’s own possession, so that you may proclaim the excellencies of Him who has called you (DC)out of darkness into His marvelous light; 10 (DD)for you once were not a people, but now you are the people of God; you had not received mercy, but now you have received mercy.

11 (DE)Beloved, (DF)I urge you as (DG)foreigners and strangers to abstain from (DH)fleshly lusts, which wage (DI)war against the soul. 12 (DJ)Keep your behavior excellent among the Gentiles, so that in the thing in which they (DK)slander you as evildoers, they may [ag]because of your good deeds, as they observe them, (DL)glorify God (DM)on the day of [ah]visitation.

Honor Authority

13 (DN)Submit yourselves for the Lord’s sake to every human institution, whether to a king as the one in authority, 14 or to governors as sent [ai]by him (DO)for the punishment of evildoers and the (DP)praise of those who do right. 15 For [aj](DQ)such is the will of God, that by doing right you (DR)silence the ignorance of foolish people. 16 Act as (DS)free people, and [ak]do not use your freedom as a [al]covering for evil, but use it as (DT)bond-servants of God. 17 (DU)Honor all people, (DV)love the brotherhood, (DW)fear God, (DX)honor the [am]king.

18 (DY)Servants, be subject to your masters with all respect, not only to those who are good and (DZ)gentle, but also to those who are [an]harsh. 19 For this finds favor, if for the sake of (EA)conscience toward God a person endures [ao]grief when suffering unjustly. 20 For what credit is there if, when you sin and are harshly treated, you endure it with patience? But if (EB)when you do what is right and suffer for it you patiently endure it, this finds favor with God.

Christ Is Our Example

21 For (EC)you have been called for this purpose, (ED)because Christ also suffered for you, leaving you (EE)an example, so that you would follow in His steps, 22 He who (EF)committed no sin, nor was any deceit found in His mouth; 23 [ap]and while being (EG)abusively insulted, He did not insult in return; while suffering, He did not threaten, but kept entrusting Himself to Him who judges righteously; 24 and He Himself [aq](EH)brought our sins in His body up on the [ar](EI)cross, so that we (EJ)might die to [as]sin and live for righteousness; (EK)by His [at]wounds you were (EL)healed. 25 For you were (EM)continually straying like sheep, but now you have returned to the (EN)Shepherd and [au]Guardian of your souls.

Godly Living

(EO)In the same way, you wives, (EP)be subject to your own husbands so that even if any of them are disobedient to the word, they may be (EQ)won over without a word by the behavior of their wives, as they observe your pure [av]and respectful behavior. (ER)Your adornment must not be merely the external—braiding the hair, wearing gold jewelry, or putting on apparel; but it should be (ES)the hidden person of the heart, with the imperishable quality of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is precious in the sight of God. For in this way the holy women of former times, (ET)who hoped in God, also used to adorn themselves, being subject to their own husbands, just as Sarah obeyed Abraham, (EU)calling him lord; and you have proved to be her children if you do what is right [aw](EV)without being frightened by any fear.

(EW)You husbands in the same way, live with your wives in an understanding way, as with [ax](EX)someone weaker, since she is a woman; and show her honor as a fellow heir of the grace of life, so that your prayers will not be hindered.

[ay]To sum up, (EY)all of you be harmonious, sympathetic, [az](EZ)loving, (FA)compassionate, and (FB)humble; (FC)not returning evil for evil or (FD)insult for insult, but giving a (FE)blessing instead; for (FF)you were called for the very purpose that you would (FG)inherit a blessing. 10 For,

(FH)The one who desires life, to love and see good days,
Must keep his tongue from evil and his lips from speaking deceit.
11 (FI)He must turn away from evil and do good;
He must seek peace and pursue it.
12 (FJ)For the eyes of the Lord are toward the righteous,
And His ears attend to their prayer,
But the face of the Lord is against evildoers.”

13 (FK)And who is [ba]there to harm you if you prove zealous for what is good? 14 But even if you should (FL)suffer for the sake of righteousness, (FM)you [bb]are blessed. (FN)And do not fear their [bc]intimidation, and do not be in dread, 15 but [bd]sanctify (FO)Christ as Lord in your hearts, always being ready (FP)to make a [be]defense to everyone who asks you to give an account for the (FQ)hope that is in you, but (FR)with gentleness and (FS)respect; 16 [bf]and keep a (FT)good conscience so that in the thing in which (FU)you are slandered, those who disparage your good behavior in Christ will be put to shame. 17 For (FV)it is better, (FW)if [bg]God should will it so, that you suffer for doing what is right rather than for doing what is wrong. 18 For (FX)Christ also [bh]suffered for sins (FY)once for all time, the just for the unjust, so that He might (FZ)bring us to God, having been put to death (GA)in the flesh, but made alive (GB)in the [bi]spirit; 19 in [bj]which He also went and made proclamation to the spirits in prison, 20 who once were disobedient when the (GC)patience of God (GD)kept waiting in the days of Noah, during the construction of (GE)the ark, in which a few, that is, (GF)eight (GG)persons, were brought safely through the water. 21 (GH)Corresponding to that, baptism now saves you—(GI)not the removal of dirt from the flesh, but an appeal to God [bk]for a (GJ)good conscience—through (GK)the resurrection of Jesus Christ, 22 (GL)who is at the right hand of God, (GM)having gone into heaven, (GN)after angels and authorities and powers had been subjected to Him.

Footnotes

  1. 1 Peter 1:2 Lit unto obedience and sprinkling
  2. 1 Peter 1:6 Or temptations
  3. 1 Peter 1:7 Or genuineness
  4. 1 Peter 1:8 Lit glorified
  5. 1 Peter 1:9 One early ms does not contain your
  6. 1 Peter 1:11 Or inquiring
  7. 1 Peter 1:11 Lit after these
  8. 1 Peter 1:12 Or gain a clear glimpse
  9. 1 Peter 1:13 Lit belt up the waist of your mind
  10. 1 Peter 1:13 Lit be sober
  11. 1 Peter 1:14 Lit children of obedience
  12. 1 Peter 1:14 Or conform yourselves
  13. 1 Peter 1:15 Lit according to
  14. 1 Peter 1:15 Or become
  15. 1 Peter 1:18 Or ransomed
  16. 1 Peter 1:20 Lit at the end of the times
  17. 1 Peter 1:22 Two early mss a pure heart
  18. 1 Peter 1:25 Lit preached as good news to you
  19. 1 Peter 2:1 Or wickedness
  20. 1 Peter 2:1 plural nouns
  21. 1 Peter 2:1 plural nouns
  22. 1 Peter 2:1 plural nouns
  23. 1 Peter 2:2 Or unadulterated
  24. 1 Peter 2:2 Or spiritual (Gr logikos) milk, so
  25. 1 Peter 2:2 Or up to salvation
  26. 1 Peter 2:3 Lit that the Lord is kind
  27. 1 Peter 2:4 Lit chosen; or elect
  28. 1 Peter 2:5 Or allow yourselves to be built up; or build yourselves up
  29. 1 Peter 2:6 Or a scripture
  30. 1 Peter 2:6 Or it
  31. 1 Peter 2:6 Or disappointed
  32. 1 Peter 2:7 Lit head of the corner
  33. 1 Peter 2:12 Or as a result of
  34. 1 Peter 2:12 I.e., Christ’s coming again in judgment
  35. 1 Peter 2:14 Lit through
  36. 1 Peter 2:15 Lit so
  37. 1 Peter 2:16 Lit not having
  38. 1 Peter 2:16 I.e., a way to conceal
  39. 1 Peter 2:17 Or emperor
  40. 1 Peter 2:18 Or unscrupulous
  41. 1 Peter 2:19 Or pain
  42. 1 Peter 2:23 Lit who
  43. 1 Peter 2:24 Or offered...up
  44. 1 Peter 2:24 Lit wood; see Deut 21:23
  45. 1 Peter 2:24 Lit sins
  46. 1 Peter 2:24 Lit wound; or welt
  47. 1 Peter 2:25 Or Bishop, Overseer
  48. 1 Peter 3:2 Lit with respect
  49. 1 Peter 3:6 Lit and are not
  50. 1 Peter 3:7 Lit a weaker vessel
  51. 1 Peter 3:8 Or Finally
  52. 1 Peter 3:8 I.e., as brothers and sisters
  53. 1 Peter 3:13 Lit the one who will harm you
  54. 1 Peter 3:14 Or would be
  55. 1 Peter 3:14 Lit fear
  56. 1 Peter 3:15 I.e., set apart
  57. 1 Peter 3:15 Or argument; or explanation
  58. 1 Peter 3:16 Lit having a good
  59. 1 Peter 3:17 Lit the will of God
  60. 1 Peter 3:18 One early ms died
  61. 1 Peter 3:18 Or Spirit
  62. 1 Peter 3:19 Or whom
  63. 1 Peter 3:21 Or from

Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ,(A)

To God’s elect,(B) exiles(C) scattered(D) throughout the provinces of Pontus,(E) Galatia,(F) Cappadocia, Asia and Bithynia,(G) who have been chosen according to the foreknowledge(H) of God the Father, through the sanctifying work of the Spirit,(I) to be obedient(J) to Jesus Christ and sprinkled with his blood:(K)

Grace and peace be yours in abundance.(L)

Praise to God for a Living Hope

Praise be to the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ!(M) In his great mercy(N) he has given us new birth(O) into a living hope(P) through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead,(Q) and into an inheritance(R) that can never perish, spoil or fade.(S) This inheritance is kept in heaven for you,(T) who through faith are shielded by God’s power(U) until the coming of the salvation(V) that is ready to be revealed(W) in the last time. In all this you greatly rejoice,(X) though now for a little while(Y) you may have had to suffer grief in all kinds of trials.(Z) These have come so that the proven genuineness(AA) of your faith—of greater worth than gold, which perishes even though refined by fire(AB)—may result in praise, glory and honor(AC) when Jesus Christ is revealed.(AD) Though you have not seen him, you love him; and even though you do not see him now, you believe in him(AE) and are filled with an inexpressible and glorious joy, for you are receiving the end result of your faith, the salvation of your souls.(AF)

10 Concerning this salvation, the prophets, who spoke(AG) of the grace that was to come to you,(AH) searched intently and with the greatest care,(AI) 11 trying to find out the time and circumstances to which the Spirit of Christ(AJ) in them was pointing when he predicted(AK) the sufferings of the Messiah and the glories that would follow. 12 It was revealed to them that they were not serving themselves but you,(AL) when they spoke of the things that have now been told you by those who have preached the gospel to you(AM) by the Holy Spirit sent from heaven.(AN) Even angels long to look into these things.

Be Holy

13 Therefore, with minds that are alert and fully sober,(AO) set your hope(AP) on the grace to be brought to you(AQ) when Jesus Christ is revealed at his coming.(AR) 14 As obedient(AS) children, do not conform(AT) to the evil desires you had when you lived in ignorance.(AU) 15 But just as he who called you is holy, so be holy in all you do;(AV) 16 for it is written: “Be holy, because I am holy.”[a](AW)

17 Since you call on a Father(AX) who judges each person’s work(AY) impartially,(AZ) live out your time as foreigners(BA) here in reverent fear.(BB) 18 For you know that it was not with perishable things such as silver or gold that you were redeemed(BC) from the empty way of life(BD) handed down to you from your ancestors, 19 but with the precious blood(BE) of Christ, a lamb(BF) without blemish or defect.(BG) 20 He was chosen before the creation of the world,(BH) but was revealed in these last times(BI) for your sake. 21 Through him you believe in God,(BJ) who raised him from the dead(BK) and glorified him,(BL) and so your faith and hope(BM) are in God.

22 Now that you have purified(BN) yourselves by obeying(BO) the truth so that you have sincere love for each other, love one another deeply,(BP) from the heart.[b] 23 For you have been born again,(BQ) not of perishable seed, but of imperishable,(BR) through the living and enduring word of God.(BS) 24 For,

“All people are like grass,
    and all their glory is like the flowers of the field;
the grass withers and the flowers fall,
25     but the word of the Lord endures forever.”[c](BT)

And this is the word that was preached to you.

Therefore, rid yourselves(BU) of all malice and all deceit, hypocrisy, envy, and slander(BV) of every kind. Like newborn babies, crave pure spiritual milk,(BW) so that by it you may grow up(BX) in your salvation, now that you have tasted that the Lord is good.(BY)

The Living Stone and a Chosen People

As you come to him, the living Stone(BZ)—rejected by humans but chosen by God(CA) and precious to him— you also, like living stones, are being built(CB) into a spiritual house[d](CC) to be a holy priesthood,(CD) offering spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God through Jesus Christ.(CE) For in Scripture it says:

“See, I lay a stone in Zion,
    a chosen and precious cornerstone,(CF)
and the one who trusts in him
    will never be put to shame.”[e](CG)

Now to you who believe, this stone is precious. But to those who do not believe,(CH)

“The stone the builders rejected(CI)
    has become the cornerstone,”[f](CJ)

and,

“A stone that causes people to stumble
    and a rock that makes them fall.”[g](CK)

They stumble because they disobey the message—which is also what they were destined for.(CL)

But you are a chosen people,(CM) a royal priesthood,(CN) a holy nation,(CO) God’s special possession,(CP) that you may declare the praises of him who called you out of darkness into his wonderful light.(CQ) 10 Once you were not a people, but now you are the people of God;(CR) once you had not received mercy, but now you have received mercy.

Living Godly Lives in a Pagan Society

11 Dear friends,(CS) I urge you, as foreigners and exiles,(CT) to abstain from sinful desires,(CU) which wage war against your soul.(CV) 12 Live such good lives among the pagans that, though they accuse you of doing wrong, they may see your good deeds(CW) and glorify God(CX) on the day he visits us.

13 Submit yourselves for the Lord’s sake to every human authority:(CY) whether to the emperor, as the supreme authority, 14 or to governors, who are sent by him to punish those who do wrong(CZ) and to commend those who do right.(DA) 15 For it is God’s will(DB) that by doing good you should silence the ignorant talk of foolish people.(DC) 16 Live as free people,(DD) but do not use your freedom as a cover-up for evil;(DE) live as God’s slaves.(DF) 17 Show proper respect to everyone, love the family of believers,(DG) fear God, honor the emperor.(DH)

18 Slaves, in reverent fear of God submit yourselves to your masters,(DI) not only to those who are good and considerate,(DJ) but also to those who are harsh. 19 For it is commendable if someone bears up under the pain of unjust suffering because they are conscious of God.(DK) 20 But how is it to your credit if you receive a beating for doing wrong and endure it? But if you suffer for doing good and you endure it, this is commendable before God.(DL) 21 To this(DM) you were called,(DN) because Christ suffered for you,(DO) leaving you an example,(DP) that you should follow in his steps.

22 “He committed no sin,(DQ)
    and no deceit was found in his mouth.”[h](DR)

23 When they hurled their insults at him,(DS) he did not retaliate; when he suffered, he made no threats.(DT) Instead, he entrusted himself(DU) to him who judges justly.(DV) 24 “He himself bore our sins”(DW) in his body on the cross,(DX) so that we might die to sins(DY) and live for righteousness; “by his wounds you have been healed.”(DZ) 25 For “you were like sheep going astray,”[i](EA) but now you have returned to the Shepherd(EB) and Overseer of your souls.(EC)

Wives, in the same way submit yourselves(ED) to your own husbands(EE) so that, if any of them do not believe the word, they may be won over(EF) without words by the behavior of their wives, when they see the purity and reverence of your lives. Your beauty should not come from outward adornment, such as elaborate hairstyles and the wearing of gold jewelry or fine clothes.(EG) Rather, it should be that of your inner self,(EH) the unfading beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is of great worth in God’s sight.(EI) For this is the way the holy women of the past who put their hope in God(EJ) used to adorn themselves.(EK) They submitted themselves to their own husbands, like Sarah, who obeyed Abraham and called him her lord.(EL) You are her daughters if you do what is right and do not give way to fear.

Husbands,(EM) in the same way be considerate as you live with your wives, and treat them with respect as the weaker partner and as heirs with you of the gracious gift of life, so that nothing will hinder your prayers.

Suffering for Doing Good

Finally, all of you, be like-minded,(EN) be sympathetic, love one another,(EO) be compassionate and humble.(EP) Do not repay evil with evil(EQ) or insult with insult.(ER) On the contrary, repay evil with blessing,(ES) because to this(ET) you were called(EU) so that you may inherit a blessing.(EV) 10 For,

“Whoever would love life
    and see good days
must keep their tongue from evil
    and their lips from deceitful speech.
11 They must turn from evil and do good;
    they must seek peace and pursue it.
12 For the eyes of the Lord are on the righteous
    and his ears are attentive to their prayer,
but the face of the Lord is against those who do evil.”[j](EW)

13 Who is going to harm you if you are eager to do good?(EX) 14 But even if you should suffer for what is right, you are blessed.(EY) “Do not fear their threats[k]; do not be frightened.”[l](EZ) 15 But in your hearts revere Christ as Lord. Always be prepared to give an answer(FA) to everyone who asks you to give the reason for the hope(FB) that you have. But do this with gentleness and respect, 16 keeping a clear conscience,(FC) so that those who speak maliciously against your good behavior in Christ may be ashamed of their slander.(FD) 17 For it is better, if it is God’s will,(FE) to suffer for doing good(FF) than for doing evil. 18 For Christ also suffered once(FG) for sins,(FH) the righteous for the unrighteous, to bring you to God.(FI) He was put to death in the body(FJ) but made alive in the Spirit.(FK) 19 After being made alive,[m] he went and made proclamation to the imprisoned spirits(FL) 20 to those who were disobedient long ago when God waited patiently(FM) in the days of Noah while the ark was being built.(FN) In it only a few people, eight in all,(FO) were saved(FP) through water, 21 and this water symbolizes baptism that now saves you(FQ) also—not the removal of dirt from the body but the pledge of a clear conscience(FR) toward God.[n] It saves you by the resurrection of Jesus Christ,(FS) 22 who has gone into heaven(FT) and is at God’s right hand(FU)—with angels, authorities and powers in submission to him.(FV)

Footnotes

  1. 1 Peter 1:16 Lev. 11:44,45; 19:2
  2. 1 Peter 1:22 Some early manuscripts from a pure heart
  3. 1 Peter 1:25 Isaiah 40:6-8 (see Septuagint)
  4. 1 Peter 2:5 Or into a temple of the Spirit
  5. 1 Peter 2:6 Isaiah 28:16
  6. 1 Peter 2:7 Psalm 118:22
  7. 1 Peter 2:8 Isaiah 8:14
  8. 1 Peter 2:22 Isaiah 53:9
  9. 1 Peter 2:25 Isaiah 53:4,5,6 (see Septuagint)
  10. 1 Peter 3:12 Psalm 34:12-16
  11. 1 Peter 3:14 Or fear what they fear
  12. 1 Peter 3:14 Isaiah 8:12
  13. 1 Peter 3:19 Or but made alive in the spirit, 19 in which also
  14. 1 Peter 3:21 Or but an appeal to God for a clear conscience