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11 Down to Sheol your pomp is brought,
    the sound of your harps.
Maggots are the couch beneath you,
    worms your blanket.”(A)
12 How you have fallen from the heavens,
    O Morning Star,[a] son of the dawn!
How you have been cut down to the earth,
    you who conquered nations!(B)
13 In your heart you said:
    “I will scale the heavens;
Above the stars of God[b]
    I will set up my throne;
I will take my seat on the Mount of Assembly,
    on the heights of Zaphon.(C)

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Footnotes

  1. 14:12 Morning Star: term addressed to the king of Babylon. The Vulgate translates as “Lucifer,” a name applied by the church Fathers to Satan. Son of the dawn: Heb., ben shahar, may reflect the name of a pagan deity.
  2. 14:13–15 God: not Elohim, the common word for God, but El, the name of the head of the pantheon in Canaanite mythology, a god who was early identified with the Lord in Israelite thought. Mount of Assembly: mountain where the council of the gods met, according to Canaanite mythology. Zaphon: the sacred mountain of Baal, originally the Jebel el-Aqra north of Ugarit, but other mountains have been identified with it, including Mount Zion in Jerusalem (Ps 48:3). The attempt to usurp the place of God (v. 14), coupled with the dramatic reversal (“above the stars of God” to “the depths of the pit”) occasioned the interpretation that saw here the rebellion and fall of Satan.

11 All your pomp has been brought down to the grave,(A)
    along with the noise of your harps;(B)
maggots are spread out beneath you
    and worms(C) cover you.(D)

12 How you have fallen(E) from heaven,
    morning star,(F) son of the dawn!
You have been cast down to the earth,
    you who once laid low the nations!(G)
13 You said in your heart,
    “I will ascend(H) to the heavens;
I will raise my throne(I)
    above the stars of God;
I will sit enthroned on the mount of assembly,(J)
    on the utmost heights(K) of Mount Zaphon.[a]

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Footnotes

  1. Isaiah 14:13 Or of the north; Zaphon was the most sacred mountain of the Canaanites.