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Genesis 15-21
Holman Christian Standard Bible
Genesis 15-21
Holman Christian Standard Bible
The Abrahamic Covenant
15 After these events, the word of the Lord came(A) to Abram in a vision:
2 But Abram said, “Lord God, what can You give me, since I am childless and the heir of my house is Eliezer of Damascus?”[a] 3 Abram continued, “Look, You have given me no offspring, so a slave born in[b] my house will be my heir.”
4 Now the word of the Lord came to him: “This one will not be your heir; instead, one who comes from your own body[c] will be your heir.” 5 He took him outside and said, “Look at the sky and count the stars, if you are able to count them.” Then He said to him, “Your offspring will be that numerous.”(D)
6 Abram believed the Lord, and He credited it to him as righteousness.(E)
7 He also said to him, “I am Yahweh who brought you from Ur of the Chaldeans to give you this land to possess.”(F)
8 But he said, “Lord God, how can I know(G) that I will possess it?”
9 He said to him, “Bring Me a three-year-old cow, a three-year-old female goat, a three-year-old ram, a turtledove, and a young pigeon.”
10 So he brought all these to Him, split them down the middle, and laid the pieces opposite each other, but he did not cut up the birds.(H) 11 Birds of prey came down on the carcasses, but Abram drove them away. 12 As the sun was setting, a deep sleep(I) fell on Abram, and suddenly great terror and darkness descended on him.
13 Then the Lord said to Abram,(J) “Know this for certain: Your offspring will be foreigners(K) in a land that does not belong to them; they will be enslaved and oppressed[d] 400 years.(L) 14 However, I will judge the nation they serve,(M) and afterward they will go out with many possessions.(N) 15 But you will go to your fathers in peace and be buried at a ripe old age.(O) 16 In the fourth generation they will return here, for the iniquity of the Amorites has not yet reached its full measure.”[e](P)
17 When the sun had set and it was dark, a smoking fire pot and a flaming torch appeared and passed between the divided animals. 18 On that day the Lord made a covenant with Abram, saying, “I give this land to your offspring,(Q) from the brook of Egypt(R) to the Euphrates River:[f] 19 the land of the Kenites, Kenizzites, Kadmonites, 20 Hittites, Perizzites, Rephaim, 21 Amorites, Canaanites, Girgashites, and Jebusites.”
Hagar and Ishmael
16 Abram’s wife Sarai had not borne any children for him, but she owned an Egyptian slave named Hagar. 2 Sarai said to Abram, “Since the Lord has prevented me from bearing children, go to my slave; perhaps through her I can build a family.” And Abram agreed to what Sarai said.[g] 3 So Abram’s wife Sarai took Hagar, her Egyptian slave, and gave her to her husband Abram as a wife for him. This happened after Abram had lived in the land of Canaan 10 years. 4 He slept with[h] Hagar, and she became pregnant. When she realized that she was pregnant, she treated her mistress with contempt. 5 Then Sarai said to Abram, “You are responsible for my suffering![i] I put my slave in your arms,[j] and ever since she saw that she was pregnant, she has treated me with contempt. May the Lord judge between me and you.”(S)
6 Abram replied to Sarai, “Here, your slave is in your hands; do whatever you want with her.” Then Sarai mistreated her so much that she ran away from her.
7 The Angel of the Lord(T) found her by a spring of water in the wilderness, the spring on the way to Shur. 8 He said, “Hagar, slave of Sarai, where have you come from and where are you going?”
She replied, “I’m running away from my mistress Sarai.”
9 Then the Angel of the Lord said to her, “You must go back to your mistress and submit to her mistreatment.”[k] 10 The Angel of the Lord also said to her, “I will greatly multiply your offspring,(U) and they will be too many to count.”
11 Then the Angel of the Lord said to her:
You have conceived and will have a son.
You will name him Ishmael,[l]
for the Lord has heard your cry of affliction.
12 This man will be like a wild donkey.
His hand will be against everyone,
and everyone’s hand will be against him;
he will live at odds with[m] all his brothers.(V)
13 So she called the Lord who spoke to her: The God Who Sees,[n] for she said, “In this place, have I actually seen(W) the One who sees me?”[o] 14 That is why she named the spring, “A Well of the Living One Who Sees Me.”[p] It is located between Kadesh and Bered.
15 So Hagar gave birth to Abram’s son, and Abram gave the name Ishmael to the son Hagar had. 16 Abram was 86 years old when Hagar bore Ishmael to him.
Covenant Circumcision
17 When Abram was 99 years old, the Lord appeared to him, saying, “I am God Almighty.(X) Live in My presence and be blameless.(Y) 2 I will establish My covenant between Me and you, and I will multiply you greatly.”
3 Then Abram fell facedown and God spoke with him: 4 “As for Me, My covenant is with you: you will become the father of many nations.[q] 5 Your name will no longer be Abram,[r] but your name will be Abraham,[s] for I will make you the father of many nations.(Z) 6 I will make you extremely fruitful and will make nations and kings come from you. 7 I will keep My covenant between Me and you, and your future offspring throughout their generations, as an everlasting covenant(AA) to be your God and the God of your offspring after you.(AB) 8 And to you and your future offspring(AC) I will give the land where you are residing—all the land of Canaan—as an eternal possession,(AD) and I will be their God.”
9 God also said to Abraham, “As for you, you and your offspring after you throughout their generations are to keep My covenant. 10 This is My covenant, which you are to keep, between Me and you and your offspring after you: Every one of your males must be circumcised. 11 You must circumcise the flesh of your foreskin to serve as a sign of the covenant between Me and you.[t](AE) 12 Throughout your generations, every male among you at eight days old is to be circumcised.(AF) This includes a slave born in your house and one purchased with money from any foreigner. The one who is not your offspring, 13 a slave born in your house, as well as one purchased with money, must be circumcised. My covenant will be marked in your flesh as an everlasting covenant. 14 If any male is not circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin, that man will be cut off from his people; he has broken My covenant.”
15 God said to Abraham, “As for your wife Sarai, do not call her Sarai, for Sarah[u] will be her name. 16 I will bless her; indeed, I will give you a son by her.(AG) I will bless her, and she will produce nations; kings of peoples will come from her.”
17 Abraham fell facedown. Then he laughed(AH) and said to himself, “Can a child be born to a hundred-year-old man? Can Sarah, a ninety-year-old woman, give birth?” 18 So Abraham said to God, “If only Ishmael were acceptable to You!”[v]
19 But God said, “No. Your wife Sarah will bear you a son, and you will name him Isaac.[w] I will confirm My covenant with him as an everlasting covenant for his future offspring. 20 As for Ishmael, I have heard you. I will certainly bless him; I will make him fruitful and will multiply him greatly. He will father 12 tribal leaders,(AI) and I will make him into a great nation. 21 But I will confirm My covenant with Isaac, whom Sarah will bear to you at this time next year.”(AJ) 22 When He finished talking with him, God withdrew[x] from Abraham.(AK)
23 Then Abraham took his son Ishmael and all the slaves born in his house or purchased with his money—every male among the members of Abraham’s household—and he circumcised the flesh of their foreskin on that very day, just as God had said to him. 24 Abraham was 99 years old when the flesh of his foreskin was circumcised, 25 and his son Ishmael was 13 years old when the flesh of his foreskin was circumcised. 26 On that same day Abraham and his son Ishmael were circumcised. 27 And all the men of his household—both slaves born in his house and those purchased with money from a foreigner—were circumcised with him.
Abraham’s Three Visitors
18 Then the Lord appeared to Abraham at the oaks of Mamre(AL) while he was sitting in the entrance of his tent during the heat of the day. 2 He looked up, and he saw three men standing near him.(AM) When he saw them, he ran from the entrance of the tent to meet them and bowed to the ground. 3 Then he said, “My lord,[y] if I have found favor in your sight, please do not go on past your servant. 4 Let a little water be brought, that you may wash your feet and rest yourselves under the tree. 5 I will bring a bit of bread so that you may strengthen yourselves.[z] This is why you have passed your servant’s way. Later, you can continue on.”
“Yes,” they replied, “do as you have said.”
6 So Abraham hurried into the tent and said to Sarah, “Quick! Knead three measures[aa] of fine flour and make bread.”[ab] 7 Meanwhile, Abraham ran to the herd and got a tender, choice calf. He gave it to a young man, who hurried to prepare it. 8 Then Abraham took curds[ac] and milk, and the calf that he had prepared, and set them before the men. He served[ad] them as they ate under the tree.
Sarah Laughs
9 “Where is your wife Sarah?” they asked him.
“There, in the tent,” he answered.
10 The Lord said, “I will certainly come back to you in about a year’s time, and your wife Sarah will have a son!”(AN) Now Sarah was listening at the entrance of the tent behind him.
11 Abraham and Sarah were old and getting on in years.[ae] Sarah had passed the age of childbearing.[af](AO) 12 So she laughed to herself: “After I have become shriveled up and my lord is old, will I have delight?”(AP)
13 But the Lord asked Abraham, “Why did Sarah laugh, saying, ‘Can I really have a baby when I’m old?’ 14 Is anything impossible for the Lord?(AQ) At the appointed time I will come back to you, and in about a year she will have a son.”
15 Sarah denied it. “I did not laugh,” she said, because she was afraid.
But He replied, “No, you did laugh.”
Abraham’s Plea for Sodom
16 The men got up from there and looked out over Sodom, and Abraham was walking with them to see them off. 17 Then the Lord said, “Should I hide what I am about to do from Abraham?(AR) 18 Abraham is to become a great and powerful nation, and all the nations of the earth will be blessed through him.(AS) 19 For I have chosen[ag] him so that he will command his children and his house after him to keep the way of the Lord by doing what is right and just. This is how the Lord will fulfill to Abraham what He promised him.” 20 Then the Lord said, “The outcry against Sodom and Gomorrah is immense, and their sin is extremely serious. 21 I will go down(AT) to see if what they have done justifies the cry that has come up to Me. If not, I will find out.”
22 The men turned from there and went toward Sodom(AU) while Abraham remained standing before the Lord.[ah] 23 Abraham stepped forward and said, “Will You really sweep away the righteous with the wicked?(AV) 24 What if there are 50 righteous people in the city? Will You really sweep it away instead of sparing the place for the sake of the 50 righteous people who are in it? 25 You could not possibly do such a thing: to kill the righteous with the wicked, treating the righteous and the wicked alike. You could not possibly do that! Won’t the Judge of all the earth do what is just?”(AW)
26 The Lord said, “If I find 50 righteous people in the city of Sodom, I will spare the whole place for their sake.”(AX)
27 Then Abraham answered, “Since I have ventured to speak to the Lord—even though I am dust and ashes— 28 suppose the 50 righteous lack five. Will you destroy the whole city for lack of five?”
He replied, “I will not destroy it if I find 45 there.”
29 Then he spoke to Him again, “Suppose 40 are found there?”
He answered, “I will not do it on account of 40.”
30 Then he said, “Let the Lord not be angry, and I will speak further. Suppose 30 are found there?”
He answered, “I will not do it if I find 30 there.”
31 Then he said, “Since I have ventured to speak to the Lord, suppose 20 are found there?”
He replied, “I will not destroy it on account of 20.”
32 Then he said, “Let the Lord not be angry, and I will speak one more time.(AY) Suppose 10 are found there?”
He answered, “I will not destroy it on account of 10.” 33 When the Lord had finished speaking with Abraham, He departed, and Abraham returned to his place.
The Destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah
19 The two angels entered Sodom(AZ) in the evening as Lot was sitting at Sodom’s gate. When Lot saw them, he got up to meet them. He bowed with his face to the ground 2 and said, “My lords, turn aside to your servant’s house, wash your feet, and spend the night. Then you can get up early and go on your way.”
“No,” they said. “We would rather spend the night in the square.” 3 But he urged them so strongly that they followed him and went into his house. He prepared a feast and baked unleavened bread for them, and they ate.
4 Before they went to bed, the men of the city of Sodom, both young and old, the whole population, surrounded the house. 5 They called out to Lot and said, “Where are the men who came to you tonight? Send them out to us so we can have sex with them!”(BA)
6 Lot went out to them at the entrance and shut the door behind him. 7 He said, “Don’t do this evil, my brothers. 8 Look, I’ve got two daughters who haven’t had sexual relations with a man.(BB) I’ll bring them out to you, and you can do whatever you want[ai] to them. However, don’t do anything to these men, because they have come under the protection of my roof.”
9 “Get out of the way!” they said, adding, “This one came here as a foreigner, but he’s acting like a judge!(BC) Now we’ll do more harm to you than to them.” They put pressure on Lot and came up to break down the door. 10 But the angels[aj] reached out, brought Lot into the house with them, and shut the door. 11 They struck the men who were at the entrance of the house, both young and old, with a blinding light so that they were unable to find the entrance.(BD)
12 Then the angels[ak] said to Lot, “Do you have anyone else here: a son-in-law, your sons and daughters, or anyone else in the city who belongs to you? Get them out of this place, 13 for we are about to destroy this place because the outcry against its people is so great before the Lord, that the Lord has sent us to destroy it.”(BE)
14 So Lot went out and spoke to his sons-in-law, who were going to marry[al] his daughters. “Get up,” he said. “Get out of this place, for the Lord is about to destroy the city!”(BF) But his sons-in-law thought he was joking.
15 At daybreak the angels urged Lot on: “Get up! Take your wife and your two daughters who are here, or you will be swept away in the punishment[am] of the city.” 16 But he hesitated. Because of the Lord’s compassion for him, the men grabbed his hand, his wife’s hand, and the hands of his two daughters. Then they brought him out and left him outside the city.
17 As soon as the angels got them outside, one of them[an] said, “Run for your lives! Don’t look back and don’t stop anywhere on the plain! Run to the mountains, or you will be swept away!”
18 But Lot said to them, “No, my lords[ao]—please. 19 Your servant has indeed found favor in your sight, and you have shown me great kindness by saving my life. But I can’t run to the mountains; the disaster will overtake me, and I will die. 20 Look, this town is close enough for me to run to. It is a small place. Please let me go there—it’s only a small place, isn’t it?—so that I can survive.”
21 And he said to him, “All right,[ap] I’ll grant your request[aq] about this matter too and will not demolish the town you mentioned. 22 Hurry up! Run there, for I cannot do anything until you get there.” Therefore the name of the city is Zoar.[ar](BG)
23 The sun had risen over the land when Lot reached Zoar. 24 Then out of the sky the Lord rained burning sulfur on Sodom and Gomorrah from the Lord.(BH) 25 He demolished these cities, the entire plain, all the inhabitants of the cities, and whatever grew on the ground. 26 But his wife looked back and became a pillar of salt.(BI)
27 Early in the morning Abraham went to the place where he had stood before the Lord.(BJ) 28 He looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah and all the land of the plain, and he saw that smoke was going up from the land like the smoke of a furnace. 29 So it was, when God destroyed the cities of the plain, He remembered Abraham and brought Lot out of the middle of the upheaval when He demolished the cities where Lot had lived.
The Origin of Moab and Ammon
30 Lot departed from Zoar and lived in the mountains along with his two daughters, because he was afraid to live in Zoar. Instead, he and his two daughters lived in a cave. 31 Then the firstborn said to the younger, “Our father is old, and there is no man in the land to sleep with us as is the custom of all the land. 32 Come, let’s get our father to drink wine so that we can sleep with him and preserve our father’s line.” 33 So they got their father to drink wine that night, and the firstborn came and slept with her father; he did not know when she lay down or when she got up.
34 The next day the firstborn said to the younger, “Look, I slept with my father last night. Let’s get him to drink wine again tonight so you can go sleep with him and we can preserve our father’s line.” 35 That night they again got their father to drink wine, and the younger went and slept with him; he did not know when she lay down or when she got up.
36 So both of Lot’s daughters became pregnant by their father. 37 The firstborn gave birth to a son and named him Moab.[as] He is the father of the Moabites of today.(BK) 38 The younger also gave birth to a son, and she named him Ben-ammi.[at] He is the father of the Ammonites of today.(BL)
Sarah Rescued from Abimelech
20 From there Abraham traveled to the region of the Negev and settled between Kadesh and Shur. While he lived in Gerar,(BM) 2 Abraham said about his wife Sarah, “She is my sister.”(BN) So Abimelech king of Gerar had Sarah brought to him.
3 But God came to Abimelech in a dream by night and said to him, “You are about to die because of the woman you have taken, for she is a married woman.”[au]
4 Now Abimelech had not approached her, so he said, “Lord, would You destroy a nation even though it is innocent? 5 Didn’t he himself say to me, ‘She is my sister’? And she herself said, ‘He is my brother.’ I did this with a clear conscience[av] and clean[aw] hands.”
6 Then God said to him in the dream, “Yes, I know that you did this with a clear conscience.[ax] I have also kept you from sinning against Me. Therefore I have not let you touch her. 7 Now return the man’s wife, for he is a prophet,(BO) and he will pray for you and you will live. But if you do not return her, know that you will certainly die, you and all who are yours.”
8 Early in the morning Abimelech got up, called all his servants together, and personally[ay] told them all these things, and the men were terrified.
9 Then Abimelech called Abraham in and said to him, “What have you done to us? How did I sin against you that you have brought such enormous guilt on me and on my kingdom? You have done things to me that should never be done.”(BP) 10 Abimelech also said to Abraham, “What did you intend when you did this thing?”
11 Abraham replied, “I thought, ‘There is absolutely no fear of God in this place.(BQ) They will kill me because of my wife.’ 12 Besides, she really is my sister, the daughter of my father though not the daughter of my mother, and she became my wife. 13 So when God had me wander from my father’s house,(BR) I said to her: Show your loyalty to me wherever we go and say about me: ‘He’s my brother.’”(BS)
14 Then Abimelech took sheep and cattle and male and female slaves, gave them to Abraham, and returned his wife Sarah to him. 15 Abimelech said, “Look, my land is before you.(BT) Settle wherever you want.”[az] 16 And he said to Sarah, “Look, I am giving your brother 1,000 pieces of silver. It is a verification of your honor[ba] to all who are with you. You are fully vindicated.”
17 Then Abraham prayed to God,(BU) and God healed Abimelech, his wife, and his female slaves so that they could bear children, 18 for the Lord had completely closed all the wombs in Abimelech’s household on account of Sarah, Abraham’s wife.
The Birth of Isaac
21 The Lord came to Sarah as He had said, and the Lord did for Sarah what He had promised.(BV) 2 Sarah became pregnant and bore a son to Abraham in his old age, at the appointed time God had told him.(BW) 3 Abraham named his son who was born to him—the one Sarah bore to him—Isaac.(BX) 4 When his son Isaac was eight days old, Abraham circumcised him, as God had commanded him.(BY) 5 Abraham was 100 years old when his son Isaac was born to him.(BZ)
6 Sarah said, “God has made me laugh, and everyone who hears will laugh with me.”[bb](CA) 7 She also said, “Who would have told Abraham that Sarah would nurse children? Yet I have borne a son for him[bc] in his old age.”
Hagar and Ishmael Sent Away
8 The child grew and was weaned, and Abraham held a great feast on the day Isaac was weaned. 9 But Sarah saw the son mocking[bd]—the one Hagar the Egyptian had borne to Abraham.(CB) 10 So she said to Abraham, “Drive out this slave with her son, for the son of this slave will not be a coheir with my son Isaac!”(CC)
11 Now this was a very difficult thing for[be] Abraham because of his son. 12 But God said to Abraham, “Do not be concerned[bf] about the boy and your slave. Whatever Sarah says to you, listen to her, because your offspring will be traced through Isaac.(CD) 13 But I will also make a nation of the slave’s son(CE) because he is your offspring.”
14 Early in the morning Abraham got up, took bread and a waterskin, put them on Hagar’s shoulders, and sent her and the boy away.[bg] She left and wandered in the Wilderness of Beer-sheba. 15 When the water in the skin was gone, she left the boy under one of the bushes. 16 Then she went and sat down nearby, about a bowshot away, for she said, “I can’t bear to watch the boy die!” So as she sat nearby, she[bh] wept loudly.(CF)
17 God heard the voice of the boy, and the[bi] angel of God called to Hagar from heaven and said to her, “What’s wrong, Hagar? Don’t be afraid, for God has heard the voice of the boy from the place where he is. 18 Get up, help the boy up, and support him, for I will make him a great nation.” 19 Then God opened her eyes,(CG) and she saw a well of water. So she went and filled the waterskin and gave the boy a drink. 20 God was with the boy, and he grew; he settled in the wilderness and became an archer. 21 He settled in the Wilderness of Paran, and his mother got a wife for him from the land of Egypt.
Abraham’s Covenant with Abimelech
22 At that time Abimelech, accompanied by Phicol the commander of his army,(CH) said to Abraham, “God is with you in everything you do.(CI) 23 Swear to me by God here and now, that you will not break an agreement with me or with my children and descendants. As I have been loyal to you, so you will be loyal to me and to the country where you are a foreign resident.”
24 And Abraham said, “I swear it.” 25 But Abraham complained to Abimelech because of the water well that Abimelech’s servants had seized.(CJ)
26 Abimelech replied, “I don’t know who did this thing. You didn’t report anything to me, so I hadn’t heard about it until today.”
27 Abraham took sheep and cattle[bj] and gave them to Abimelech, and the two of them made a covenant.(CK) 28 Abraham separated seven ewe lambs from the flock. 29 And Abimelech said to Abraham, “Why have you separated these seven ewe lambs?”
30 He replied, “You are to accept the seven ewe lambs from my hand so that this act[bk] will serve as my witness that I dug this well.” 31 Therefore that place was called Beer-sheba[bl](CL) because it was there that the two of them swore an oath. 32 After they had made a covenant at Beer-sheba, Abimelech and Phicol, the commander of his army, left and returned to the land of the Philistines.
33 Abraham planted a tamarisk tree in Beer-sheba, and there he called on the name of Yahweh, the Everlasting God.(CM) 34 And Abraham lived as a foreigner in the land of the Philistines for many days.
Footnotes
- Genesis 15:2 Hb obscure
- Genesis 15:3 Lit a son of
- Genesis 15:4 Lit loins
- Genesis 15:13 Lit will serve them and they will oppress them
- Genesis 15:16 Lit Amorites is not yet complete
- Genesis 15:18 Lit the great river, the river Euphrates
- Genesis 16:2 Lit Abram listened to the voice of Sarai
- Genesis 16:4 Lit He came to
- Genesis 16:5 Or May my suffering be on you
- Genesis 16:5 Lit bosom
- Genesis 16:9 Lit to mistreatment under her hand
- Genesis 16:11 = God Hears
- Genesis 16:12 Or live away from
- Genesis 16:13 Lit her: You God Who Sees
- Genesis 16:13 Hb obscure
- Genesis 16:14 Or Beer-lahai-roi
- Genesis 17:4 Abraham was the father of the Israelites, Ishmaelites, Edomites, and Midianites. Spiritually, he is the father of all believers; Gl 3:7,29.
- Genesis 17:5 = The Father Is Exalted
- Genesis 17:5 = Father of a Multitude
- Genesis 17:11 You in v. 11 is pl.
- Genesis 17:15 = Princess
- Genesis 17:18 Lit Ishmael would live in Your sight
- Genesis 17:19 = He Laughs
- Genesis 17:22 Lit went up, or ascended
- Genesis 18:3 Or My Lord, or The Lord
- Genesis 18:5 Lit may sustain your heart
- Genesis 18:6 Lit three seahs; about 21 quarts
- Genesis 18:6 A round, thin, unleavened bread
- Genesis 18:8 Or butter
- Genesis 18:8 Lit was standing by
- Genesis 18:11 Lit days
- Genesis 18:11 Lit The way of women had ceased for Sarah
- Genesis 18:19 Lit known
- Genesis 18:22 Ancient Jewish tradition reads while the Lord remained standing before Abraham
- Genesis 19:8 Lit do what is good in your eyes
- Genesis 19:10 Lit men
- Genesis 19:12 Lit men
- Genesis 19:14 Lit take
- Genesis 19:15 Or iniquity, or guilt
- Genesis 19:17 LXX, Syr, Vg read outside, they
- Genesis 19:18 Or My Lord, or My lords
- Genesis 19:21 Or Look!
- Genesis 19:21 Lit I will lift up your face
- Genesis 19:22 In Hb, the name Zoar is related to the phrase “small place” in v. 20; its original name was Bela; Gn 14:2.
- Genesis 19:37 = From My Father
- Genesis 19:38 = Son of My People
- Genesis 20:3 Lit is possessed by a husband
- Genesis 20:5 Lit with integrity of my heart
- Genesis 20:5 Lit cleanness of my
- Genesis 20:6 Lit with integrity of your heart
- Genesis 20:8 Lit in their ears
- Genesis 20:15 Lit Settle in the good in your eyes
- Genesis 20:16 Lit a covering of the eyes
- Genesis 21:6 Isaac = He laughs; Gn 17:19
- Genesis 21:7 Sam, Tg Jonathan; MT omits him
- Genesis 21:9 LXX, Vg add Isaac her son
- Genesis 21:11 Lit was very bad in the eyes of
- Genesis 21:12 Lit Let it not be bad in your eyes
- Genesis 21:14 To “send away” a woman = divorce her; Dt 24:1. To “send away” a slave = free her; Dt 15:13.
- Genesis 21:16 LXX reads the boy
- Genesis 21:17 Or an
- Genesis 21:27 A covenant or treaty was regularly ratified by animal sacrifice (Gn 8:20–9:9; 15:9-17; Ex 24:8) and often involved an exchange of gifts (1Kg 15:19; Hs 12:1). The animals here could serve both purposes.
- Genesis 21:30 Lit that it
- Genesis 21:31 = Well of the Oath, or Seven Wells
Genesis 15-21
New International Version
Genesis 15-21
New International Version
The Lord’s Covenant With Abram
15 After this, the word of the Lord came to Abram(A) in a vision:(B)
2 But Abram said, “Sovereign Lord,(F) what can you give me since I remain childless(G) and the one who will inherit[c] my estate is Eliezer of Damascus?(H)” 3 And Abram said, “You have given me no children; so a servant(I) in my household(J) will be my heir.”
4 Then the word of the Lord came to him: “This man will not be your heir, but a son who is your own flesh and blood will be your heir.(K)” 5 He took him outside and said, “Look up at the sky and count the stars(L)—if indeed you can count them.” Then he said to him, “So shall your offspring[d] be.”(M)
6 Abram believed the Lord, and he credited it to him as righteousness.(N)
7 He also said to him, “I am the Lord, who brought you out(O) of Ur of the Chaldeans(P) to give you this land to take possession of it.”(Q)
8 But Abram said, “Sovereign Lord,(R) how can I know(S) that I will gain possession of it?”(T)
9 So the Lord said to him, “Bring me a heifer,(U) a goat and a ram, each three years old,(V) along with a dove and a young pigeon.(W)”
10 Abram brought all these to him, cut them in two and arranged the halves opposite each other;(X) the birds, however, he did not cut in half.(Y) 11 Then birds of prey came down on the carcasses,(Z) but Abram drove them away.
12 As the sun was setting, Abram fell into a deep sleep,(AA) and a thick and dreadful darkness came over him. 13 Then the Lord said to him, “Know for certain that for four hundred years(AB) your descendants will be strangers in a country not their own and that they will be enslaved(AC) and mistreated there. 14 But I will punish the nation they serve as slaves, and afterward they will come out(AD) with great possessions.(AE) 15 You, however, will go to your ancestors(AF) in peace and be buried at a good old age.(AG) 16 In the fourth generation(AH) your descendants will come back here,(AI) for the sin of the Amorites(AJ) has not yet reached its full measure.”
17 When the sun had set and darkness had fallen, a smoking firepot with a blazing torch(AK) appeared and passed between the pieces.(AL) 18 On that day the Lord made a covenant with Abram(AM) and said, “To your descendants I give this land,(AN) from the Wadi[e] of Egypt(AO) to the great river, the Euphrates(AP)— 19 the land of the Kenites,(AQ) Kenizzites, Kadmonites, 20 Hittites,(AR) Perizzites,(AS) Rephaites,(AT) 21 Amorites, Canaanites, Girgashites and Jebusites.”(AU)
Hagar and Ishmael
16 Now Sarai,(AV) Abram’s wife, had borne him no children.(AW) But she had an Egyptian slave(AX) named Hagar;(AY) 2 so she said to Abram, “The Lord has kept me from having children.(AZ) Go, sleep with my slave; perhaps I can build a family through her.”(BA)
Abram agreed to what Sarai said. 3 So after Abram had been living in Canaan(BB) ten years,(BC) Sarai his wife took her Egyptian slave Hagar and gave her to her husband to be his wife. 4 He slept with Hagar,(BD) and she conceived.
When she knew she was pregnant, she began to despise her mistress.(BE) 5 Then Sarai said to Abram, “You are responsible for the wrong I am suffering. I put my slave in your arms, and now that she knows she is pregnant, she despises me. May the Lord judge between you and me.”(BF)
6 “Your slave is in your hands,(BG)” Abram said. “Do with her whatever you think best.” Then Sarai mistreated(BH) Hagar; so she fled from her.
7 The angel of the Lord(BI) found Hagar near a spring(BJ) in the desert; it was the spring that is beside the road to Shur.(BK) 8 And he said, “Hagar,(BL) slave of Sarai, where have you come from, and where are you going?”(BM)
“I’m running away from my mistress Sarai,” she answered.
9 Then the angel of the Lord told her, “Go back to your mistress and submit to her.” 10 The angel added, “I will increase your descendants so much that they will be too numerous to count.”(BN)
11 The angel of the Lord(BO) also said to her:
“You are now pregnant
and you will give birth to a son.(BP)
You shall name him(BQ) Ishmael,[f](BR)
for the Lord has heard of your misery.(BS)
12 He will be a wild donkey(BT) of a man;
his hand will be against everyone
and everyone’s hand against him,
and he will live in hostility
toward[g] all his brothers.(BU)”
13 She gave this name to the Lord who spoke to her: “You are the God who sees me,(BV)” for she said, “I have now seen[h] the One who sees me.”(BW) 14 That is why the well(BX) was called Beer Lahai Roi[i];(BY) it is still there, between Kadesh(BZ) and Bered.
15 So Hagar(CA) bore Abram a son,(CB) and Abram gave the name Ishmael(CC) to the son she had borne. 16 Abram was eighty-six years old(CD) when Hagar bore him Ishmael.
The Covenant of Circumcision
17 When Abram was ninety-nine years old,(CE) the Lord appeared to him(CF) and said, “I am God Almighty[j];(CG) walk before me faithfully and be blameless.(CH) 2 Then I will make my covenant between me and you(CI) and will greatly increase your numbers.”(CJ)
3 Abram fell facedown,(CK) and God said to him, 4 “As for me, this is my covenant with you:(CL) You will be the father of many nations.(CM) 5 No longer will you be called Abram[k]; your name will be Abraham,[l](CN) for I have made you a father of many nations.(CO) 6 I will make you very fruitful;(CP) I will make nations of you, and kings will come from you.(CQ) 7 I will establish my covenant(CR) as an everlasting covenant(CS) between me and you and your descendants after you for the generations to come, to be your God(CT) and the God of your descendants after you.(CU) 8 The whole land of Canaan,(CV) where you now reside as a foreigner,(CW) I will give as an everlasting possession to you and your descendants after you;(CX) and I will be their God.(CY)”
9 Then God said to Abraham, “As for you, you must keep my covenant,(CZ) you and your descendants after you for the generations to come.(DA) 10 This is my covenant with you and your descendants after you, the covenant you are to keep: Every male among you shall be circumcised.(DB) 11 You are to undergo circumcision,(DC) and it will be the sign of the covenant(DD) between me and you. 12 For the generations to come(DE) every male among you who is eight days old must be circumcised,(DF) including those born in your household or bought with money from a foreigner—those who are not your offspring. 13 Whether born in your household or bought with your money, they must be circumcised.(DG) My covenant in your flesh is to be an everlasting covenant.(DH) 14 Any uncircumcised male, who has not been circumcised(DI) in the flesh, will be cut off from his people;(DJ) he has broken my covenant.(DK)”
15 God also said to Abraham, “As for Sarai(DL) your wife, you are no longer to call her Sarai; her name will be Sarah.(DM) 16 I will bless her and will surely give you a son by her.(DN) I will bless her so that she will be the mother of nations;(DO) kings of peoples will come from her.”
17 Abraham fell facedown;(DP) he laughed(DQ) and said to himself, “Will a son be born to a man a hundred years old?(DR) Will Sarah bear a child at the age of ninety?”(DS) 18 And Abraham said to God, “If only Ishmael(DT) might live under your blessing!”(DU)
19 Then God said, “Yes, but your wife Sarah will bear you a son,(DV) and you will call him Isaac.[m](DW) I will establish my covenant with him(DX) as an everlasting covenant(DY) for his descendants after him. 20 And as for Ishmael, I have heard you: I will surely bless him; I will make him fruitful and will greatly increase his numbers.(DZ) He will be the father of twelve rulers,(EA) and I will make him into a great nation.(EB) 21 But my covenant(EC) I will establish with Isaac, whom Sarah will bear to you(ED) by this time next year.”(EE) 22 When he had finished speaking with Abraham, God went up from him.(EF)
23 On that very day Abraham took his son Ishmael and all those born in his household(EG) or bought with his money, every male in his household, and circumcised them, as God told him.(EH) 24 Abraham was ninety-nine years old(EI) when he was circumcised,(EJ) 25 and his son Ishmael(EK) was thirteen; 26 Abraham and his son Ishmael were both circumcised on that very day. 27 And every male in Abraham’s household(EL), including those born in his household or bought from a foreigner, was circumcised with him.
The Three Visitors
18 The Lord appeared to Abraham(EM) near the great trees of Mamre(EN) while he was sitting at the entrance to his tent(EO) in the heat of the day. 2 Abraham looked up(EP) and saw three men(EQ) standing nearby. When he saw them, he hurried from the entrance of his tent to meet them and bowed low to the ground.(ER)
3 He said, “If I have found favor in your eyes,(ES) my lord,[n] do not pass your servant(ET) by. 4 Let a little water be brought, and then you may all wash your feet(EU) and rest under this tree. 5 Let me get you something to eat,(EV) so you can be refreshed and then go on your way—now that you have come to your servant.”
“Very well,” they answered, “do as you say.”
6 So Abraham hurried into the tent to Sarah. “Quick,” he said, “get three seahs[o] of the finest flour and knead it and bake some bread.”(EW)
7 Then he ran to the herd and selected a choice, tender calf(EX) and gave it to a servant, who hurried to prepare it. 8 He then brought some curds(EY) and milk(EZ) and the calf that had been prepared, and set these before them.(FA) While they ate, he stood near them under a tree.
9 “Where is your wife Sarah?”(FB) they asked him.
“There, in the tent,(FC)” he said.
10 Then one of them said, “I will surely return to you about this time next year,(FD) and Sarah your wife will have a son.”(FE)
Now Sarah was listening at the entrance to the tent, which was behind him. 11 Abraham and Sarah were already very old,(FF) and Sarah was past the age of childbearing.(FG) 12 So Sarah laughed(FH) to herself as she thought, “After I am worn out and my lord(FI) is old, will I now have this pleasure?”
13 Then the Lord said to Abraham, “Why did Sarah laugh and say, ‘Will I really have a child, now that I am old?’(FJ) 14 Is anything too hard for the Lord?(FK) I will return to you at the appointed time next year,(FL) and Sarah will have a son.”(FM)
15 Sarah was afraid, so she lied and said, “I did not laugh.”
But he said, “Yes, you did laugh.”
Abraham Pleads for Sodom
16 When the men(FN) got up to leave, they looked down toward Sodom, and Abraham walked along with them to see them on their way. 17 Then the Lord said, “Shall I hide from Abraham(FO) what I am about to do?(FP) 18 Abraham will surely become a great and powerful nation,(FQ) and all nations on earth will be blessed through him.[p] 19 For I have chosen him(FR), so that he will direct his children(FS) and his household after him to keep the way of the Lord(FT) by doing what is right and just,(FU) so that the Lord will bring about for Abraham what he has promised him.”(FV)
20 Then the Lord said, “The outcry against Sodom(FW) and Gomorrah is so great(FX) and their sin so grievous(FY) 21 that I will go down(FZ) and see if what they have done is as bad as the outcry that has reached me. If not, I will know.”
22 The men(GA) turned away and went toward Sodom,(GB) but Abraham remained standing before the Lord.[q](GC) 23 Then Abraham approached him and said: “Will you sweep away the righteous with the wicked?(GD) 24 What if there are fifty righteous people in the city? Will you really sweep it away and not spare[r] the place for the sake of the fifty righteous people in it?(GE) 25 Far be it from you to do such a thing(GF)—to kill the righteous with the wicked, treating the righteous(GG) and the wicked alike.(GH) Far be it from you! Will not the Judge(GI) of all the earth do right?”(GJ)
26 The Lord said, “If I find fifty righteous people in the city of Sodom, I will spare the whole place for their sake.(GK)”
27 Then Abraham spoke up again: “Now that I have been so bold as to speak to the Lord, though I am nothing but dust and ashes,(GL) 28 what if the number of the righteous is five less than fifty? Will you destroy the whole city for lack of five people?”
“If I find forty-five there,” he said, “I will not destroy it.”
29 Once again he spoke to him, “What if only forty are found there?”
He said, “For the sake of forty, I will not do it.”
30 Then he said, “May the Lord not be angry,(GM) but let me speak. What if only thirty can be found there?”
He answered, “I will not do it if I find thirty there.”
31 Abraham said, “Now that I have been so bold as to speak to the Lord, what if only twenty can be found there?”
He said, “For the sake of twenty, I will not destroy it.”
32 Then he said, “May the Lord not be angry, but let me speak just once more.(GN) What if only ten can be found there?”
He answered, “For the sake of ten,(GO) I will not destroy it.”
33 When the Lord had finished speaking(GP) with Abraham, he left,(GQ) and Abraham returned home.(GR)
Sodom and Gomorrah Destroyed
19 The two angels(GS) arrived at Sodom(GT) in the evening, and Lot(GU) was sitting in the gateway of the city.(GV) When he saw them, he got up to meet them and bowed down with his face to the ground.(GW) 2 “My lords,” he said, “please turn aside to your servant’s house. You can wash your feet(GX) and spend the night and then go on your way early in the morning.”
“No,” they answered, “we will spend the night in the square.”(GY)
3 But he insisted(GZ) so strongly that they did go with him and entered his house.(HA) He prepared a meal for them, baking bread without yeast,(HB) and they ate.(HC) 4 Before they had gone to bed, all the men from every part of the city of Sodom(HD)—both young and old—surrounded the house. 5 They called to Lot, “Where are the men who came to you tonight? Bring them out to us so that we can have sex with them.”(HE)
6 Lot went outside to meet them(HF) and shut the door behind him 7 and said, “No, my friends. Don’t do this wicked thing. 8 Look, I have two daughters who have never slept with a man. Let me bring them out to you, and you can do what you like with them. But don’t do anything to these men, for they have come under the protection of my roof.”(HG)
9 “Get out of our way,” they replied. “This fellow came here as a foreigner,(HH) and now he wants to play the judge!(HI) We’ll treat you worse than them.” They kept bringing pressure on Lot and moved forward to break down the door.
10 But the men(HJ) inside reached out and pulled Lot back into the house and shut the door. 11 Then they struck the men who were at the door of the house, young and old, with blindness(HK) so that they could not find the door.
12 The two men said to Lot, “Do you have anyone else here—sons-in-law, sons or daughters, or anyone else in the city who belongs to you?(HL) Get them out of here, 13 because we(HM) are going to destroy this place. The outcry to the Lord against its people is so great(HN) that he has sent us to destroy it.”(HO)
14 So Lot went out and spoke to his sons-in-law, who were pledged to marry[s] his daughters. He said, “Hurry and get out of this place, because the Lord is about to destroy the city!(HP)” But his sons-in-law thought he was joking.(HQ)
15 With the coming of dawn, the angels urged Lot, saying, “Hurry! Take your wife and your two daughters who are here, or you will be swept away(HR) when the city is punished.(HS)”
16 When he hesitated, the men grasped his hand and the hands of his wife and of his two daughters(HT) and led them safely out of the city, for the Lord was merciful to them.(HU) 17 As soon as they had brought them out, one of them said, “Flee for your lives!(HV) Don’t look back,(HW) and don’t stop anywhere in the plain!(HX) Flee to the mountains(HY) or you will be swept away!”
18 But Lot said to them, “No, my lords,[t] please! 19 Your[u] servant has found favor in your[v] eyes,(HZ) and you[w] have shown great kindness(IA) to me in sparing my life. But I can’t flee to the mountains;(IB) this disaster will overtake me, and I’ll die. 20 Look, here is a town near enough to run to, and it is small. Let me flee to it—it is very small, isn’t it? Then my life will be spared.”
21 He said to him, “Very well, I will grant this request(IC) too; I will not overthrow the town you speak of. 22 But flee there quickly, because I cannot do anything until you reach it.” (That is why the town was called Zoar.[x](ID))
23 By the time Lot reached Zoar,(IE) the sun had risen over the land. 24 Then the Lord rained down burning sulfur(IF) on Sodom and Gomorrah(IG)—from the Lord out of the heavens.(IH) 25 Thus he overthrew those cities(II) and the entire plain,(IJ) destroying all those living in the cities—and also the vegetation in the land.(IK) 26 But Lot’s wife looked back,(IL) and she became a pillar of salt.(IM)
27 Early the next morning Abraham got up and returned to the place where he had stood before the Lord.(IN) 28 He looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah, toward all the land of the plain, and he saw dense smoke rising from the land, like smoke from a furnace.(IO)
29 So when God destroyed the cities of the plain,(IP) he remembered(IQ) Abraham, and he brought Lot out of the catastrophe(IR) that overthrew the cities where Lot had lived.(IS)
Lot and His Daughters
30 Lot and his two daughters left Zoar(IT) and settled in the mountains,(IU) for he was afraid to stay in Zoar. He and his two daughters lived in a cave. 31 One day the older daughter said to the younger, “Our father is old, and there is no man around here to give us children—as is the custom all over the earth. 32 Let’s get our father to drink wine and then sleep with him and preserve our family line(IV) through our father.”(IW)
33 That night they got their father to drink wine, and the older daughter went in and slept with him. He was not aware of it when she lay down or when she got up.(IX)
34 The next day the older daughter said to the younger, “Last night I slept with my father. Let’s get him to drink wine again tonight, and you go in and sleep with him so we can preserve our family line through our father.”(IY) 35 So they got their father to drink wine(IZ) that night also, and the younger daughter went in and slept with him. Again he was not aware of it when she lay down or when she got up.(JA)
36 So both of Lot’s daughters became pregnant by their father.(JB) 37 The older daughter had a son, and she named him Moab[y];(JC) he is the father of the Moabites(JD) of today. 38 The younger daughter also had a son, and she named him Ben-Ammi[z]; he is the father of the Ammonites[aa](JE) of today.
Abraham and Abimelek(JF)
20 Now Abraham moved on from there(JG) into the region of the Negev(JH) and lived between Kadesh(JI) and Shur.(JJ) For a while(JK) he stayed in Gerar,(JL) 2 and there Abraham said of his wife Sarah, “She is my sister.(JM)” Then Abimelek(JN) king of Gerar sent for Sarah and took her.(JO)
3 But God came to Abimelek(JP) in a dream(JQ) one night and said to him, “You are as good as dead(JR) because of the woman you have taken; she is a married woman.”(JS)
4 Now Abimelek had not gone near her, so he said, “Lord, will you destroy an innocent nation?(JT) 5 Did he not say to me, ‘She is my sister,(JU)’ and didn’t she also say, ‘He is my brother’? I have done this with a clear conscience(JV) and clean hands.(JW)”
6 Then God said to him in the dream, “Yes, I know you did this with a clear conscience, and so I have kept(JX) you from sinning against me.(JY) That is why I did not let you touch her. 7 Now return the man’s wife, for he is a prophet,(JZ) and he will pray for you(KA) and you will live. But if you do not return her, you may be sure that you and all who belong to you will die.”(KB)
8 Early the next morning Abimelek summoned all his officials, and when he told them all that had happened, they were very much afraid. 9 Then Abimelek called Abraham in and said, “What have you done to us? How have I wronged you that you have brought such great guilt upon me and my kingdom? You have done things to me that should never be done.(KC)” 10 And Abimelek asked Abraham, “What was your reason for doing this?”
11 Abraham replied, “I said to myself, ‘There is surely no fear of God(KD) in this place, and they will kill me because of my wife.’(KE) 12 Besides, she really is my sister,(KF) the daughter of my father though not of my mother; and she became my wife. 13 And when God had me wander(KG) from my father’s household,(KH) I said to her, ‘This is how you can show your love to me: Everywhere we go, say of me, “He is my brother.”’”
14 Then Abimelek(KI) brought sheep and cattle and male and female slaves and gave them to Abraham,(KJ) and he returned Sarah his wife to him. 15 And Abimelek said, “My land is before you; live wherever you like.”(KK)
16 To Sarah he said, “I am giving your brother a thousand shekels[ab] of silver. This is to cover the offense against you before all who are with you; you are completely vindicated.”
17 Then Abraham prayed to God,(KL) and God healed Abimelek, his wife and his female slaves so they could have children again, 18 for the Lord had kept all the women in Abimelek’s household from conceiving because of Abraham’s wife Sarah.(KM)
The Birth of Isaac
21 Now the Lord was gracious to Sarah(KN) as he had said, and the Lord did for Sarah what he had promised.(KO) 2 Sarah became pregnant and bore a son(KP) to Abraham in his old age,(KQ) at the very time God had promised him.(KR) 3 Abraham gave the name Isaac[ac](KS) to the son Sarah bore him. 4 When his son Isaac was eight days old, Abraham circumcised him,(KT) as God commanded him. 5 Abraham was a hundred years old(KU) when his son Isaac was born to him.
6 Sarah said, “God has brought me laughter,(KV) and everyone who hears about this will laugh with me.” 7 And she added, “Who would have said to Abraham that Sarah would nurse children? Yet I have borne him a son in his old age.”(KW)
Hagar and Ishmael Sent Away
8 The child grew and was weaned,(KX) and on the day Isaac was weaned Abraham held a great feast. 9 But Sarah saw that the son whom Hagar the Egyptian had borne to Abraham(KY) was mocking,(KZ) 10 and she said to Abraham, “Get rid of that slave woman(LA) and her son, for that woman’s son will never share in the inheritance with my son Isaac.”(LB)
11 The matter distressed Abraham greatly because it concerned his son.(LC) 12 But God said to him, “Do not be so distressed about the boy and your slave woman. Listen to whatever Sarah tells you, because it is through Isaac that your offspring[ad] will be reckoned.(LD) 13 I will make the son of the slave into a nation(LE) also, because he is your offspring.”
14 Early the next morning Abraham took some food and a skin of water and gave them to Hagar.(LF) He set them on her shoulders and then sent her off with the boy. She went on her way and wandered in the Desert of Beersheba.(LG)
15 When the water in the skin was gone, she put the boy under one of the bushes. 16 Then she went off and sat down about a bowshot away, for she thought, “I cannot watch the boy die.” And as she sat there, she[ae] began to sob.(LH)
17 God heard the boy crying,(LI) and the angel of God(LJ) called to Hagar from heaven(LK) and said to her, “What is the matter, Hagar? Do not be afraid;(LL) God has heard the boy crying as he lies there. 18 Lift the boy up and take him by the hand, for I will make him into a great nation.(LM)”
19 Then God opened her eyes(LN) and she saw a well of water.(LO) So she went and filled the skin with water and gave the boy a drink.
20 God was with the boy(LP) as he grew up. He lived in the desert and became an archer. 21 While he was living in the Desert of Paran,(LQ) his mother got a wife for him(LR) from Egypt.
The Treaty at Beersheba
22 At that time Abimelek(LS) and Phicol the commander of his forces(LT) said to Abraham, “God is with you in everything you do.(LU) 23 Now swear(LV) to me here before God that you will not deal falsely with me or my children or my descendants.(LW) Show to me and the country where you now reside as a foreigner the same kindness I have shown to you.”(LX)
24 Abraham said, “I swear it.”
25 Then Abraham complained to Abimelek about a well of water that Abimelek’s servants had seized.(LY) 26 But Abimelek said, “I don’t know who has done this. You did not tell me, and I heard about it only today.”
27 So Abraham brought sheep and cattle and gave them to Abimelek, and the two men made a treaty.(LZ) 28 Abraham set apart seven ewe lambs from the flock, 29 and Abimelek asked Abraham, “What is the meaning of these seven ewe lambs you have set apart by themselves?”
30 He replied, “Accept these seven lambs from my hand as a witness(MA) that I dug this well.(MB)”
31 So that place was called Beersheba,[af](MC) because the two men swore an oath(MD) there.
32 After the treaty(ME) had been made at Beersheba,(MF) Abimelek and Phicol the commander of his forces(MG) returned to the land of the Philistines.(MH) 33 Abraham planted a tamarisk tree(MI) in Beersheba, and there he called on the name of the Lord,(MJ) the Eternal God.(MK) 34 And Abraham stayed in the land of the Philistines(ML) for a long time.
Footnotes
- Genesis 15:1 Or sovereign
- Genesis 15:1 Or shield; / your reward will be very great
- Genesis 15:2 The meaning of the Hebrew for this phrase is uncertain.
- Genesis 15:5 Or seed
- Genesis 15:18 Or river
- Genesis 16:11 Ishmael means God hears.
- Genesis 16:12 Or live to the east / of
- Genesis 16:13 Or seen the back of
- Genesis 16:14 Beer Lahai Roi means well of the Living One who sees me.
- Genesis 17:1 Hebrew El-Shaddai
- Genesis 17:5 Abram means exalted father.
- Genesis 17:5 Abraham probably means father of many.
- Genesis 17:19 Isaac means he laughs.
- Genesis 18:3 Or eyes, Lord
- Genesis 18:6 That is, probably about 36 pounds or about 16 kilograms
- Genesis 18:18 Or will use his name in blessings (see 48:20)
- Genesis 18:22 Masoretic Text; an ancient Hebrew scribal tradition but the Lord remained standing before Abraham
- Genesis 18:24 Or forgive; also in verse 26
- Genesis 19:14 Or were married to
- Genesis 19:18 Or No, Lord; or No, my lord
- Genesis 19:19 The Hebrew is singular.
- Genesis 19:19 The Hebrew is singular.
- Genesis 19:19 The Hebrew is singular.
- Genesis 19:22 Zoar means small.
- Genesis 19:37 Moab sounds like the Hebrew for from father.
- Genesis 19:38 Ben-Ammi means son of my father’s people.
- Genesis 19:38 Hebrew Bene-Ammon
- Genesis 20:16 That is, about 25 pounds or about 12 kilograms
- Genesis 21:3 Isaac means he laughs.
- Genesis 21:12 Or seed
- Genesis 21:16 Hebrew; Septuagint the child
- Genesis 21:31 Beersheba can mean well of seven and well of the oath.
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