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The Lofty Cedar

31 In the eleventh year, in the third month, on the first day of the month, the word of the Lord came to me: “Son of man, say to Pharaoh king of Egypt and to his multitude:

“Whom are you like in your greatness?

    Behold, I will liken you to[a] a cedar in Lebanon,
with fair branches and forest shade,
    and of great height,
    its top among the clouds.[b]
The waters nourished it,
    the deep made it grow tall,
making its rivers flow[c]
    round the place of its planting,
sending forth its streams
    to all the trees of the forest.
So it towered high
    above all the trees of the forest;
its boughs grew large
    and its branches long,
    from abundant water in its shoots.
All the birds of the air
    made their nests in its boughs;
under its branches all the beasts of the field
    brought forth their young;
and under its shadow
    dwelt all great nations.
It was beautiful in its greatness,
    in the length of its branches;
for its roots went down
    to abundant waters.
The cedars in the garden of God could not rival it,
    nor the fir trees equal its boughs;
the plane trees were as nothing
    compared with its branches;
no tree in the garden of God
    was like it in beauty.
I made it beautiful
    in the mass of its branches,
and all the trees of Eden envied it,
    that were in the garden of God.

10 “Therefore thus says the Lord God: Because it[d] towered high and set its top among the clouds,[e] and its heart was proud of its height, 11 I will give it into the hand of a mighty one of the nations; he shall surely deal with it as its wickedness deserves. I have cast it out. 12 Foreigners, the most terrible of the nations, will cut it down and leave it. On the mountains and in all the valleys its branches will fall, and its boughs will lie broken in all the watercourses of the land; and all the peoples of the earth will go from its shadow and leave it. 13 Upon its ruin will dwell all the birds of the air, and upon its branches will be all the beasts of the field. 14 All this is in order that no trees by the waters may grow to lofty height or set their tops among the clouds,[f] and that no trees that drink water may reach up to them in height; for they are all given over to death, to the nether world among mortal men, with those who go down to the Pit.

15 “Thus says the Lord God: When it goes down to Sheol I will make the deep mourn for[g] it, and restrain its rivers, and many waters shall be stopped; I will clothe Lebanon in gloom for it, and all the trees of the field shall faint because of it. 16 I will make the nations quake at the sound of its fall, when I cast it down to Sheol with those who go down to the Pit; and all the trees of Eden, the choice and best of Lebanon, all that drink water, will be comforted in the nether world. 17 They also shall go down to Sheol with it, to those who are slain by the sword; yea, those who dwelt under its shadow among the nations shall perish.[h] 18 Whom are you thus like in glory and in greatness among the trees of Eden? You shall be brought down with the trees of Eden to the nether world; you shall lie among the uncircumcised, with those who are slain by the sword.

“This is Pharaoh and all his multitude, says the Lord God.”

Lamentation over Pharaoh and Egypt

32 In the twelfth year, in the twelfth month, on the first day of the month, the word of the Lord came to me: “Son of man, raise a lamentation over Pharaoh king of Egypt, and say to him:

“You consider yourself a lion among the nations,
    but you are like a dragon in the seas;
you burst forth in your rivers,
    trouble the waters with your feet,
    and foul their rivers.
Thus says the Lord God:
    I will throw my net over you
    with a host of many peoples;
    and I[i] will haul you up in my dragnet.
And I will cast you on the ground,
    on the open field I will fling you,
and will cause all the birds of the air to settle on you,
    and I will gorge the beasts of the whole earth with you.
I will strew your flesh upon the mountains,
    and fill the valleys with your carcass.[j]
I will drench the land even to the mountains
    with your flowing blood;
    and the watercourses will be full of you.
When I blot you out, I will cover the heavens,
    and make their stars dark;
I will cover the sun with a cloud,
    and the moon shall not give its light.
All the bright lights of heaven
    will I make dark over you,
    and put darkness upon your land,
                says the Lord God.

“I will trouble the hearts of many peoples, when I carry you captive[k] among the nations, into the countries which you have not known. 10 I will make many peoples appalled at you, and their kings shall shudder because of you, when I brandish my sword before them; they shall tremble every moment, every one for his own life, on the day of your downfall. 11 For thus says the Lord God: The sword of the king of Babylon shall come upon you. 12 I will cause your multitude to fall by the swords of mighty ones, all of them most terrible among the nations.

“They shall bring to nought the pride of Egypt,
    and all its multitude shall perish.
13 I will destroy all its beasts
    from beside many waters;
and no foot of man shall trouble them any more,
    nor shall the hoofs of beasts trouble them.
14 Then I will make their waters clear,
    and cause their rivers to run like oil,
                says the Lord God.
15 When I make the land of Egypt desolate
    and when the land is stripped of all that fills it,
when I smite all who dwell in it,
    then they will know that I am the Lord.

16 This is a lamentation which shall be chanted; the daughters of the nations shall chant it; over Egypt, and over all her multitude, shall they chant it, says the Lord God.”

Dirge over Egypt

17 In the twelfth year, in the first month,[l] on the fifteenth day of the month, the word of the Lord came to me: 18 “Son of man, wail over the multitude of Egypt, and send them down, her and the daughters of majestic nations, to the nether world, to those who have gone down to the Pit:

19 ‘Whom do you surpass in beauty?
    Go down, and be laid with the uncircumcised.’

20 They shall fall amid those who are slain by the sword,[m] and with her shall lie all her multitudes.[n] 21 The mighty chiefs shall speak of them, with their helpers, out of the midst of Sheol: ‘They have come down, they lie still, the uncircumcised, slain by the sword.’

22 “Assyria is there, and all her company, their graves round about her, all of them slain, fallen by the sword; 23 whose graves are set in the uttermost parts of the Pit, and her company is round about her grave; all of them slain, fallen by the sword, who spread terror in the land of the living.

24 “Elam is there, and all her multitude about her grave; all of them slain, fallen by the sword, who went down uncircumcised into the nether world, who spread terror in the land of the living, and they bear their shame with those who go down to the Pit. 25 They have made her a bed among the slain with all her multitude, their graves round about her, all of them uncircumcised, slain by the sword; for terror of them was spread in the land of the living, and they bear their shame with those who go down to the Pit; they are placed among the slain.

26 “Meshech and Tubal are there, and all their multitude, their graves round about them, all of them uncircumcised, slain by the sword; for they spread terror in the land of the living. 27 And they do not lie with the fallen mighty men of old[o] who went down to Sheol with their weapons of war, whose swords were laid under their heads, and whose shields[p] are upon their bones; for the terror of the mighty men was in the land of the living. 28 So you shall be broken and lie among the uncircumcised, with those who are slain by the sword.

29 “Edom is there, her kings and all her princes, who for all their might are laid with those who are slain by the sword; they lie with the uncircumcised, with those who go down to the Pit.

30 “The princes of the north are there, all of them, and all the Sido′nians, who have gone down in shame with the slain, for all the terror which they caused by their might; they lie uncircumcised with those who are slain by the sword, and bear their shame with those who go down to the Pit.

31 “When Pharaoh sees them, he will comfort himself for all his multitude, Pharaoh and all his army, slain by the sword, says the Lord God. 32 For he[q] spread terror in the land of the living; therefore he shall be laid among the uncircumcised, with those who are slain by the sword, Pharaoh and all his multitude, says the Lord God.”

Footnotes

  1. Ezekiel 31:3 Cn: Heb Behold, Assyria
  2. Ezekiel 31:3 Gk: Heb thick boughs
  3. Ezekiel 31:4 Gk: Heb going
  4. Ezekiel 31:10 Syr Vg: Heb you
  5. Ezekiel 31:10 Gk: Heb thick boughs
  6. Ezekiel 31:14 Gk: Heb thick boughs
  7. Ezekiel 31:15 Gk: Heb mourn for, I have covered
  8. Ezekiel 31:17 Compare Gk: Heb obscure
  9. Ezekiel 32:3 Gk Vg: Heb they
  10. Ezekiel 32:5 Symmachus Syr Vg: Heb your height
  11. Ezekiel 32:9 Gk: Heb bring your destruction
  12. Ezekiel 32:17 Gk: Heb lacks in the first month
  13. Ezekiel 32:20 Gk Syr: Heb sword, the sword is delivered
  14. Ezekiel 32:20 Gk: Heb they have drawn her away and all her multitudes
  15. Ezekiel 32:27 Gk Old Latin: Heb of the uncircumcised
  16. Ezekiel 32:27 Cn: Heb iniquities
  17. Ezekiel 32:32 Cn: Heb I

16 I was the last on watch;
    I was like one who gleans after the grape-gatherers;
by the blessing of the Lord I excelled,
    and like a grape-gatherer I filled my wine press.
17 Consider that I have not labored for myself alone,
    but for all who seek instruction.
18 Hear me, you who are great among the people,
    and you leaders of the congregation, hearken.

The Advantage of Independence

19 To son or wife, to brother or friend,
    do not give power over yourself, as long as you live;
and do not give your property to another,
    lest you change your mind and must ask for it.
20 While you are still alive and have breath in you,
    do not let any one take your place.
21 For it is better that your children should ask from you
    than that you should look to the hand of you sons.
22 Excel in all that you do;
    bring no stain upon your honor.
23 At the time when you end the days of your life,
    in the hour of death, distribute your inheritance.

The Treatment of Slaves

24 Fodder and a stick and burdens for an ass;
    bread and discipline and work for a servant.
25 Set your slave to work, and you will find rest;
    leave his hands idle, and he will seek liberty.
26 Yoke and thong will bow the neck,
    and for a wicked servant there are racks and tortures.
27 Put him to work, that he may not be idle,
    for idleness teaches much evil.
28 Set him to work, as is fitting for him,
    and if he does not obey, make his fetters heavy.
29 Do not act immoderately toward anybody,
    and do nothing without discretion.

30 If you have a servant, let him be as yourself,
    because you have bought him with blood.
31 If you have a servant, treat him as a brother,
    for as your own soul you will need him.
If you ill-treat him, and he leaves and runs away,
    which way will you go to seek him?

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Introduction and Salutation

The revelation of Jesus Christ, which God gave him to show to his servants what must soon take place; and he made it known by sending his angel to his servant John, who bore witness to the word of God and to the testimony of Jesus Christ, even to all that he saw. Blessed is he who reads aloud the words of the prophecy, and blessed are those who hear, and who keep what is written therein; for the time is near.

John to the seven churches that are in Asia:[a]

Grace to you and peace from him who is and who was and who is to come, and from the seven spirits who are before his throne, and from Jesus Christ the faithful witness, the first-born of the dead, and the ruler of kings on earth.

To him who loves us and has freed us from our sins by his blood and made us a kingdom, priests to his God and Father, to him be glory and dominion for ever and ever. Amen. Behold, he is coming with the clouds, and every eye will see him, every one who pierced him; and all tribes of the earth will wail on account of him. Even so. Amen.

“I am the Alpha and the Omega,” says the Lord God, who is and who was and who is to come, the Almighty.

A Vision of Christ

I John, your brother, who share with you in Jesus the tribulation and the kingdom and the patient endurance, was on the island called Patmos on account of the word of God and the testimony of Jesus. 10 I was in the Spirit on the Lord’s day, and I heard behind me a loud voice like a trumpet 11 saying, “Write what you see in a book and send it to the seven churches, to Ephesus and to Smyrna and to Per′gamum and to Thyati′ra and to Sardis and to Philadelphia and to La-odice′a.”

12 Then I turned to see the voice that was speaking to me, and on turning I saw seven golden lampstands, 13 and in the midst of the lampstands one like a son of man,[b] clothed with a long robe and with a golden girdle round his breast; 14 his head and his hair were white as white wool, white as snow; his eyes were like a flame of fire, 15 his feet were like burnished bronze, refined as in a furnace, and his voice was like the sound of many waters; 16 in his right hand he held seven stars, from his mouth issued a sharp two-edged sword, and his face was like the sun shining in full strength.

17 When I saw him, I fell at his feet as though dead. But he laid his right hand upon me, saying, “Fear not, I am the first and the last, 18 and the living one; I died, and behold I am alive for evermore, and I have the keys of Death and Hades. 19 Now write what you see, what is and what is to take place hereafter. 20 As for the mystery of the seven stars which you saw in my right hand, and the seven golden lampstands, the seven stars are the angels of the seven churches and the seven lampstands are the seven churches.

Footnotes

  1. 1.4-8 Describes the glorious coming and reign of the Messiah.
  2. 1.13 son of man refers to Dan 7.13. The Messiah is described in symbolic terms.

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