46 So (A)you remained at Kadesh many days, the days that you remained there.

The Wilderness Years

“Then we turned and journeyed into the wilderness in the direction of the Red Sea, (B)as the Lord told me. And for many days we traveled around Mount Seir. Then the Lord said to me, ‘You have been traveling around this mountain country (C)long enough. Turn northward and command the people, “You are about to pass through the territory of (D)your brothers, the people of Esau, (E)who live in Seir; and (F)they will be afraid of you. So be very careful. Do not contend with them, for I will not give you any of their land, no, not so much as for the sole of the foot to tread on, because (G)I have given Mount Seir to Esau as a possession. (H)You shall purchase food from them with money, that you may eat, and you shall also buy water from them with money, that you may drink. For the Lord your God has blessed you in all the work of your hands. (I)He knows your going through this great wilderness. (J)These forty years the Lord your God has been with you. You have lacked nothing.”’ So (K)we went on, away from our brothers, the people of Esau, who live in Seir, away from (L)the Arabah road from (M)Elath and (N)Ezion-geber.

“And we turned and went in the direction of the wilderness of Moab. And the Lord said to me, (O)‘Do not harass Moab or contend with them in battle, for I will not give you any of their land for a possession, because I have given (P)Ar to (Q)the people of Lot for a possession.’ 10 ((R)The Emim formerly lived there, (S)a people great and many, and tall (T)as the Anakim. 11 Like the Anakim they are also counted as (U)Rephaim, but the Moabites call them Emim. 12 (V)The Horites also lived in Seir formerly, but the people of Esau dispossessed them and destroyed them from before them and settled in their place, (W)as Israel did to the land of their possession, which the Lord gave to them.) 13 ‘Now rise up and go over (X)the brook Zered.’ So we went over (Y)the brook Zered. 14 And the time from our leaving (Z)Kadesh-barnea until we crossed (AA)the brook Zered was thirty-eight years, (AB)until the entire generation, that is, the men of war, had perished from the camp, as the Lord had sworn to them. 15 For indeed the hand of the Lord was against them, to destroy them from the camp, until they had perished.

16 “So as soon as all the men of war had perished and were dead from among the people, 17 the Lord said to me, 18 ‘Today you are to cross the border of Moab at Ar. 19 And when you approach the territory of the people of Ammon, (AC)do not harass them or contend with them, for I will not give you any of the land of the people of Ammon as a possession, because I have given it to (AD)the sons of Lot for a possession.’ 20 (It is also counted as a land of (AE)Rephaim. Rephaim formerly lived there—but the Ammonites call them Zamzummim— 21 (AF)a people great and many, and tall as the Anakim; but the Lord destroyed them before the Ammonites,[a] and they dispossessed them and settled in their place, 22 as he did for the people of Esau, who live in Seir, when he destroyed (AG)the Horites before them and they dispossessed them and settled in their place even to this day. 23 As for (AH)the Avvim, who lived in villages as far as (AI)Gaza, (AJ)the Caphtorim, who came from Caphtor, destroyed them and settled in their place.) 24 ‘Rise up, set out on your journey and (AK)go over the Valley of the Arnon. Behold, I have given into your hand Sihon the Amorite, king of (AL)Heshbon, and his land. Begin to take possession, and (AM)contend with him in battle. 25 This day I will begin to put (AN)the dread and fear of you on the peoples who are under the whole heaven, who shall hear the report of you and shall tremble and be in anguish because of you.’

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 2:21 Hebrew them

46 And so you stayed in Kadesh(A) many days—all the time you spent there.

Wanderings in the Wilderness

Then we turned back and set out toward the wilderness along the route to the Red Sea,[a](B) as the Lord had directed me. For a long time we made our way around the hill country of Seir.(C)

Then the Lord said to me, “You have made your way around this hill country long enough;(D) now turn north. Give the people these orders:(E) ‘You are about to pass through the territory of your relatives the descendants of Esau,(F) who live in Seir.(G) They will be afraid(H) of you, but be very careful. Do not provoke them to war, for I will not give you any of their land, not even enough to put your foot on. I have given Esau the hill country of Seir as his own.(I) You are to pay them in silver for the food you eat and the water you drink.’”

The Lord your God has blessed you in all the work of your hands. He has watched(J) over your journey through this vast wilderness.(K) These forty years(L) the Lord your God has been with you, and you have not lacked anything.(M)

So we went on past our relatives the descendants of Esau, who live in Seir. We turned from(N) the Arabah(O) road, which comes up from Elath and Ezion Geber,(P) and traveled along the desert road of Moab.(Q)

Then the Lord said to me, “Do not harass the Moabites or provoke them to war, for I will not give you any part of their land. I have given Ar(R) to the descendants of Lot(S) as a possession.”

10 (The Emites(T) used to live there—a people strong and numerous, and as tall as the Anakites.(U) 11 Like the Anakites, they too were considered Rephaites,(V) but the Moabites called them Emites. 12 Horites(W) used to live in Seir, but the descendants of Esau drove them out. They destroyed the Horites from before them and settled in their place, just as Israel did(X) in the land the Lord gave them as their possession.)

13 And the Lord said, “Now get up and cross the Zered Valley.(Y)” So we crossed the valley.

14 Thirty-eight years(Z) passed from the time we left Kadesh Barnea(AA) until we crossed the Zered Valley. By then, that entire generation(AB) of fighting men had perished from the camp, as the Lord had sworn to them.(AC) 15 The Lord’s hand was against them until he had completely eliminated(AD) them from the camp.

16 Now when the last of these fighting men among the people had died, 17 the Lord said to me, 18 “Today you are to pass by the region of Moab at Ar.(AE) 19 When you come to the Ammonites,(AF) do not harass them or provoke them to war,(AG) for I will not give you possession of any land belonging to the Ammonites. I have given it as a possession to the descendants of Lot.(AH)

20 (That too was considered a land of the Rephaites,(AI) who used to live there; but the Ammonites called them Zamzummites. 21 They were a people strong and numerous, and as tall as the Anakites.(AJ) The Lord destroyed them from before the Ammonites, who drove them out and settled in their place. 22 The Lord had done the same for the descendants of Esau, who lived in Seir,(AK) when he destroyed the Horites from before them. They drove them out and have lived in their place to this day. 23 And as for the Avvites(AL) who lived in villages as far as Gaza,(AM) the Caphtorites(AN) coming out from Caphtor[b](AO) destroyed them and settled in their place.)

Defeat of Sihon King of Heshbon

24 “Set out now and cross the Arnon Gorge.(AP) See, I have given into your hand Sihon the Amorite,(AQ) king of Heshbon, and his country. Begin to take possession of it and engage(AR) him in battle. 25 This very day I will begin to put the terror(AS) and fear(AT) of you on all the nations under heaven. They will hear reports of you and will tremble(AU) and be in anguish because of you.”

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 2:1 Or the Sea of Reeds
  2. Deuteronomy 2:23 That is, Crete

Hezekiah Reigns in Judah

29 (A)Hezekiah began to reign when he was twenty-five years old, and he reigned twenty-nine years in Jerusalem. His mother's name was Abijah[a] the daughter of (B)Zechariah. And he did what was right in the eyes of the Lord, according to all that David his father had done.

Hezekiah Cleanses the Temple

In the first year of his reign, in the first month, he (C)opened the doors of the house of the Lord and repaired them. He brought in the priests and the Levites and assembled them in the square on the east and said to them, “Hear me, Levites! Now (D)consecrate yourselves, and consecrate the house of the Lord, the God of your fathers, and carry out the filth[b] from the Holy Place. For our fathers have been unfaithful and have done what was evil in the sight of the Lord our God. They have forsaken him and (E)have turned away their faces from the habitation of the Lord and turned their backs. They also (F)shut the doors of the vestibule and put out the lamps and have not burned incense or offered burnt offerings in the Holy Place to the God of Israel. Therefore (G)the wrath of the Lord came on Judah and Jerusalem, and he has made them (H)an object of horror, of astonishment, (I)and of hissing, as you see with your own eyes. For behold, (J)our fathers have fallen by the sword, and our sons and our daughters and our wives are in captivity for this. 10 Now (K)it is in my heart (L)to make a covenant with the Lord, the God of Israel, in order that his fierce anger may turn away from us. 11 My sons, do not now be negligent, (M)for the Lord has chosen you to stand in his presence, to minister to him and to be his ministers and make offerings to him.”

12 Then the Levites arose, (N)Mahath the son of Amasai, and Joel the son of Azariah, of the sons of (O)the Kohathites; and of the sons of (P)Merari, Kish the son of Abdi, and Azariah the son of Jehallelel; and of the (Q)Gershonites, Joah the son of Zimmah, and Eden the son of Joah; 13 and of the sons of (R)Elizaphan, Shimri and Jeuel; and of the sons of (S)Asaph, Zechariah and Mattaniah; 14 and of the sons of (T)Heman, Jehuel and Shimei; and of the sons of (U)Jeduthun, Shemaiah and Uzziel. 15 They gathered their brothers and (V)consecrated themselves and went in as the king had commanded, (W)by the words of the Lord, (X)to cleanse the house of the Lord. 16 The priests went into the inner part of the house of the Lord to cleanse it, and they brought out all the uncleanness that they found in the temple of the Lord into the court of the house of the Lord. And the Levites took it and carried it out to (Y)the brook Kidron. 17 They began to consecrate (Z)on the first day of the first month, and on the eighth day of the month they came to the vestibule of the Lord. Then for eight days they consecrated the house of the Lord, and on the sixteenth day of the first month they finished. 18 Then they went in to Hezekiah the king and said, “We have cleansed all the house of the Lord, the altar of burnt offering and all its utensils, and the table for the showbread and all its utensils. 19 All the utensils (AA)that King Ahaz discarded in his reign when he was faithless, we have made ready and consecrated, and behold, they are before the altar of the Lord.”

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Footnotes

  1. 2 Chronicles 29:1 Spelled Abi in 2 Kings 18:2
  2. 2 Chronicles 29:5 Hebrew impurity

Hezekiah Purifies the Temple(A)

29 Hezekiah(B) was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem twenty-nine years. His mother’s name was Abijah daughter of Zechariah. He did what was right in the eyes of the Lord, just as his father David(C) had done.

In the first month of the first year of his reign, he opened the doors of the temple of the Lord and repaired(D) them. He brought in the priests and the Levites, assembled them in the square on the east side and said: “Listen to me, Levites! Consecrate(E) yourselves now and consecrate the temple of the Lord, the God of your ancestors. Remove all defilement from the sanctuary. Our parents(F) were unfaithful;(G) they did evil in the eyes of the Lord our God and forsook him. They turned their faces away from the Lord’s dwelling place and turned their backs on him. They also shut the doors of the portico and put out the lamps. They did not burn incense(H) or present any burnt offerings at the sanctuary to the God of Israel. Therefore, the anger of the Lord has fallen on Judah and Jerusalem; he has made them an object of dread and horror(I) and scorn,(J) as you can see with your own eyes. This is why our fathers have fallen by the sword and why our sons and daughters and our wives are in captivity.(K) 10 Now I intend to make a covenant(L) with the Lord, the God of Israel, so that his fierce anger(M) will turn away from us. 11 My sons, do not be negligent now, for the Lord has chosen you to stand before him and serve him,(N) to minister(O) before him and to burn incense.”

12 Then these Levites(P) set to work:

from the Kohathites,

Mahath son of Amasai and Joel son of Azariah;

from the Merarites,

Kish son of Abdi and Azariah son of Jehallelel;

from the Gershonites,

Joah son of Zimmah and Eden(Q) son of Joah;

13 from the descendants of Elizaphan,(R)

Shimri and Jeiel;

from the descendants of Asaph,(S)

Zechariah and Mattaniah;

14 from the descendants of Heman,

Jehiel and Shimei;

from the descendants of Jeduthun,

Shemaiah and Uzziel.

15 When they had assembled their fellow Levites and consecrated themselves, they went in to purify(T) the temple of the Lord, as the king had ordered, following the word of the Lord. 16 The priests went into the sanctuary of the Lord to purify it. They brought out to the courtyard of the Lord’s temple everything unclean that they found in the temple of the Lord. The Levites took it and carried it out to the Kidron Valley.(U) 17 They began the consecration on the first day of the first month, and by the eighth day of the month they reached the portico of the Lord. For eight more days they consecrated the temple of the Lord itself, finishing on the sixteenth day of the first month.

18 Then they went in to King Hezekiah and reported: “We have purified the entire temple of the Lord, the altar of burnt offering with all its utensils, and the table for setting out the consecrated bread, with all its articles. 19 We have prepared and consecrated all the articles(V) that King Ahaz removed in his unfaithfulness while he was king. They are now in front of the Lord’s altar.”

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The word of the Lord that came to Joel, the son of Pethuel:

An Invasion of Locusts

(A)Hear this, (B)you elders;
    give ear, (C)all inhabitants of the land!
(D)Has such a thing happened in your days,
    or in the days of your fathers?
(E)Tell your children of it,
    and let your children tell their children,
    and their children to another generation.

What (F)the cutting locust left,
    (G)the swarming locust has eaten.
What the swarming locust left,
    (H)the hopping locust has eaten,
and what the hopping locust left,
    (I)the destroying locust has eaten.

Awake, you drunkards, and weep,
    and (J)wail, all you drinkers of wine,
because of (K)the sweet wine,
    for it is cut off from your mouth.
For (L)a nation has come up against my land,
    (M)powerful and beyond number;
(N)its teeth are lions' teeth,
    and it has the fangs of a lioness.
It has laid waste my vine
    and splintered my (O)fig tree;
it has stripped off their bark and thrown it down;
    their branches are made white.

Lament like a virgin[a] (P)wearing sackcloth
    for the bridegroom of her youth.
(Q)The grain offering and the drink offering are cut off
    from the house of the Lord.
(R)The priests mourn,
    (S)the ministers of the Lord.
10 The fields are destroyed,
    (T)the ground mourns,
because (U)the grain is destroyed,
    (V)the wine dries up,
    the oil languishes.

11 (W)Be ashamed,[b] O tillers of the soil;
    wail, O vinedressers,
for the wheat and the barley,
    (X)because the harvest of the field has perished.
12 The vine dries up;
    (Y)the fig tree languishes.
Pomegranate, palm, and apple,
    all the trees of the field are dried up,
and (Z)gladness dries up
    from the children of man.

A Call to Repentance

13 (AA)Put on sackcloth and lament, (AB)O priests;
    (AC)wail, O ministers of the altar.
Go in, (AD)pass the night in sackcloth,
    (AE)O ministers of my God!
(AF)Because grain offering and drink offering
    are withheld from the house of your God.

14 (AG)Consecrate a fast;
    (AH)call a solemn assembly.
Gather (AI)the elders
    and (AJ)all the inhabitants of the land
to the house of the Lord your God,
    and cry out to the Lord.

15 Alas for the day!
(AK)For the day of the Lord is near,
    and as destruction from the Almighty[c] it comes.
16 Is not the food cut off
    before our eyes,
(AL)joy and gladness
    from the house of our God?

17 (AM)The seed shrivels under the clods;[d]
    the storehouses are desolate;
the granaries are torn down
    because (AN)the grain has dried up.
18 How (AO)the beasts groan!
    The herds of cattle are perplexed
because there is no pasture for them;
    even the flocks of sheep suffer.[e]

19 To you, (AP)O Lord, I call.
(AQ)For fire has devoured
    the pastures of the wilderness,
(AR)and flame has burned
    all the trees of the field.
20 Even the beasts of the field (AS)pant for you
    because the water brooks are dried up,
(AT)and fire has devoured
    the pastures of the wilderness.

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Footnotes

  1. Joel 1:8 Or young woman
  2. Joel 1:11 The Hebrew words for dry up and be ashamed in verses 10–12, 17 sound alike
  3. Joel 1:15 Destruction sounds like the Hebrew for Almighty
  4. Joel 1:17 The meaning of the Hebrew line is uncertain
  5. Joel 1:18 Or are made desolate

The word of the Lord that came(A) to Joel(B) son of Pethuel.

An Invasion of Locusts

Hear this,(C) you elders;(D)
    listen, all who live in the land.(E)
Has anything like this ever happened in your days
    or in the days of your ancestors?(F)
Tell it to your children,(G)
    and let your children tell it to their children,
    and their children to the next generation.(H)
What the locust(I) swarm has left
    the great locusts have eaten;
what the great locusts have left
    the young locusts have eaten;
what the young locusts have left(J)
    other locusts[a] have eaten.(K)

Wake up, you drunkards, and weep!
    Wail, all you drinkers of wine;(L)
wail because of the new wine,
    for it has been snatched(M) from your lips.
A nation has invaded my land,
    a mighty army without number;(N)
it has the teeth(O) of a lion,
    the fangs of a lioness.
It has laid waste(P) my vines
    and ruined my fig trees.(Q)
It has stripped off their bark
    and thrown it away,
    leaving their branches white.

Mourn like a virgin in sackcloth(R)
    grieving for the betrothed of her youth.
Grain offerings and drink offerings(S)
    are cut off from the house of the Lord.
The priests are in mourning,(T)
    those who minister before the Lord.
10 The fields are ruined,
    the ground is dried up;(U)
the grain is destroyed,
    the new wine(V) is dried up,
    the olive oil fails.(W)

11 Despair, you farmers,(X)
    wail, you vine growers;
grieve for the wheat and the barley,(Y)
    because the harvest of the field is destroyed.(Z)
12 The vine is dried up
    and the fig tree is withered;(AA)
the pomegranate,(AB) the palm and the apple[b] tree—
    all the trees of the field—are dried up.(AC)
Surely the people’s joy
    is withered away.

A Call to Lamentation

13 Put on sackcloth,(AD) you priests, and mourn;
    wail, you who minister(AE) before the altar.
Come, spend the night in sackcloth,
    you who minister before my God;
for the grain offerings and drink offerings(AF)
    are withheld from the house of your God.
14 Declare a holy fast;(AG)
    call a sacred assembly.
Summon the elders
    and all who live in the land(AH)
to the house of the Lord your God,
    and cry out(AI) to the Lord.(AJ)

15 Alas for that(AK) day!
    For the day of the Lord(AL) is near;
    it will come like destruction from the Almighty.[c](AM)

16 Has not the food been cut off(AN)
    before our very eyes—
joy and gladness(AO)
    from the house of our God?(AP)
17 The seeds are shriveled
    beneath the clods.[d](AQ)
The storehouses are in ruins,
    the granaries have been broken down,
    for the grain has dried up.
18 How the cattle moan!
    The herds mill about
because they have no pasture;(AR)
    even the flocks of sheep are suffering.(AS)

19 To you, Lord, I call,(AT)
    for fire(AU) has devoured the pastures(AV) in the wilderness
    and flames have burned up all the trees of the field.
20 Even the wild animals pant for you;(AW)
    the streams of water have dried up(AX)
    and fire has devoured the pastures(AY) in the wilderness.

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Footnotes

  1. Joel 1:4 The precise meaning of the four Hebrew words used here for locusts is uncertain.
  2. Joel 1:12 Or possibly apricot
  3. Joel 1:15 Hebrew Shaddai
  4. Joel 1:17 The meaning of the Hebrew for this word is uncertain.

18 Whoever (A)isolates himself seeks his own desire;
    he breaks out against all sound judgment.
A fool takes no pleasure in understanding,
    but only (B)in expressing his opinion.
When wickedness comes, contempt comes also,
    and with dishonor comes disgrace.
The words of a man's mouth are (C)deep waters;
    the fountain of wisdom is a bubbling brook.
It is not good to (D)be partial to[a] the wicked
    or to (E)deprive the righteous of justice.
A fool's lips walk into a fight,
    and his mouth invites (F)a beating.
(G)A fool's mouth is his ruin,
    and his lips are a snare to his soul.
(H)The words of a whisperer are like delicious morsels;
    they go down into (I)the inner parts of the body.
Whoever is slack in his work
    is a (J)brother to him who destroys.
10 (K)The name of the Lord is (L)a strong tower;
    the righteous man runs into it and (M)is safe.

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Footnotes

  1. Proverbs 18:5 Hebrew to lift the face of

18 An unfriendly person pursues selfish ends
    and against all sound judgment starts quarrels.

Fools find no pleasure in understanding
    but delight in airing their own opinions.(A)

When wickedness comes, so does contempt,
    and with shame comes reproach.

The words of the mouth are deep waters,(B)
    but the fountain of wisdom is a rushing stream.

It is not good to be partial to the wicked(C)
    and so deprive the innocent of justice.(D)

The lips of fools bring them strife,
    and their mouths invite a beating.(E)

The mouths of fools are their undoing,
    and their lips are a snare(F) to their very lives.(G)

The words of a gossip are like choice morsels;
    they go down to the inmost parts.(H)

One who is slack in his work
    is brother to one who destroys.(I)

10 The name of the Lord is a fortified tower;(J)
    the righteous run to it and are safe.(K)

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Can This Be the Christ?

25 Some of the people of Jerusalem therefore said, “Is not this the man whom (A)they seek to kill? 26 And here he is, (B)speaking openly, and they say nothing to him! Can it be that (C)the authorities really know that this is the Christ? 27 But (D)we know (E)where this man comes from, and when the Christ appears, (F)no one will know where he comes from.” 28 So Jesus proclaimed, (G)as he taught in the temple, (H)“You know me, and you know where I come from. But (I)I have not come of my own accord. (J)He who sent me is true, (K)and him you do not know. 29 (L)I know him, for I come (M)from him, and (N)he sent me.” 30 (O)So they were seeking to arrest him, but (P)no one laid a hand on him, (Q)because his hour had not yet come. 31 Yet (R)many of the people believed in him. They said, (S)“When the Christ appears, will he do more signs than this man has done?”

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Division Over Who Jesus Is

25 At that point some of the people of Jerusalem began to ask, “Isn’t this the man they are trying to kill?(A) 26 Here he is, speaking publicly, and they are not saying a word to him. Have the authorities(B) really concluded that he is the Messiah?(C) 27 But we know where this man is from;(D) when the Messiah comes, no one will know where he is from.”

28 Then Jesus, still teaching in the temple courts,(E) cried out, “Yes, you know me, and you know where I am from.(F) I am not here on my own authority, but he who sent me is true.(G) You do not know him, 29 but I know him(H) because I am from him and he sent me.”(I)

30 At this they tried to seize him, but no one laid a hand on him,(J) because his hour had not yet come.(K) 31 Still, many in the crowd believed in him.(L) They said, “When the Messiah comes, will he perform more signs(M) than this man?”

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Christ Jesus Came to Save Sinners

12 I thank him (A)who has given me strength, Christ Jesus our Lord, because he judged me faithful, (B)appointing me to his service, 13 though formerly I was a blasphemer, (C)persecutor, and insolent opponent. But (D)I received mercy (E)because I had acted ignorantly in unbelief, 14 and (F)the grace of our Lord overflowed for me with the (G)faith and love that are in Christ Jesus. 15 The saying is (H)trustworthy and deserving of full acceptance, that Christ Jesus (I)came into the world to save sinners, (J)of whom I am the foremost. 16 But I received mercy for this reason, that in me, as the foremost, Jesus Christ might display his perfect patience as an example to those who were to believe in him for eternal life. 17 To (K)the King of the ages, (L)immortal, (M)invisible, (N)the only God, (O)be honor and glory forever and ever.[a] Amen.

18 This charge (P)I entrust to you, Timothy, my child, in accordance with (Q)the prophecies previously made about you, that by them you may (R)wage the good warfare, 19 (S)holding faith and a good conscience. By rejecting this, some have (T)made shipwreck of their faith, 20 among whom are (U)Hymenaeus and (V)Alexander, whom I (W)have handed over to Satan that they may learn not to (X)blaspheme.

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Footnotes

  1. 1 Timothy 1:17 Greek to the ages of ages

The Lord’s Grace to Paul

12 I thank Christ Jesus our Lord, who has given me strength,(A) that he considered me trustworthy, appointing me to his service.(B) 13 Even though I was once a blasphemer and a persecutor(C) and a violent man, I was shown mercy(D) because I acted in ignorance and unbelief.(E) 14 The grace of our Lord was poured out on me abundantly,(F) along with the faith and love that are in Christ Jesus.(G)

15 Here is a trustworthy saying(H) that deserves full acceptance: Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners(I)—of whom I am the worst. 16 But for that very reason I was shown mercy(J) so that in me, the worst of sinners, Christ Jesus might display his immense patience(K) as an example for those who would believe(L) in him and receive eternal life.(M) 17 Now to the King(N) eternal, immortal,(O) invisible,(P) the only God,(Q) be honor and glory for ever and ever. Amen.(R)

The Charge to Timothy Renewed

18 Timothy, my son,(S) I am giving you this command in keeping with the prophecies once made about you,(T) so that by recalling them you may fight the battle well,(U) 19 holding on to faith and a good conscience,(V) which some have rejected and so have suffered shipwreck with regard to the faith.(W) 20 Among them are Hymenaeus(X) and Alexander,(Y) whom I have handed over to Satan(Z) to be taught not to blaspheme.

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