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Israel’s Failure to Learn

Listen to me, you fat cows[a]
    living in Samaria,
you women who oppress the poor
    and crush the needy,
and who are always calling to your husbands,
    “Bring us another drink!”
The Sovereign Lord has sworn this by his holiness:
“The time will come when you will be led away
    with hooks in your noses.
Every last one of you will be dragged away
    like a fish on a hook!
You will be led out through the ruins of the wall;
    you will be thrown from your fortresses,[b]
    says the Lord.

“Go ahead and offer sacrifices to the idols at Bethel.
    Keep on disobeying at Gilgal.
Offer sacrifices each morning,
    and bring your tithes every three days.
Present your bread made with yeast
    as an offering of thanksgiving.
Then give your extra voluntary offerings
    so you can brag about it everywhere!
This is the kind of thing you Israelites love to do,”
    says the Sovereign Lord.

“I brought hunger to every city
    and famine to every town.
But still you would not return to me,”
    says the Lord.

“I kept the rain from falling
    when your crops needed it the most.
I sent rain on one town
    but withheld it from another.
Rain fell on one field,
    while another field withered away.
People staggered from town to town looking for water,
    but there was never enough.
But still you would not return to me,”
    says the Lord.

“I struck your farms and vineyards with blight and mildew.
    Locusts devoured all your fig and olive trees.
But still you would not return to me,”
    says the Lord.

10 “I sent plagues on you
    like the plagues I sent on Egypt long ago.
I killed your young men in war
    and led all your horses away.[c]
    The stench of death filled the air!
But still you would not return to me,”
    says the Lord.

11 “I destroyed some of your cities,
    as I destroyed[d] Sodom and Gomorrah.
Those of you who survived
    were like charred sticks pulled from a fire.
But still you would not return to me,”
    says the Lord.

12 “Therefore, I will bring upon you all the disasters I have announced.
    Prepare to meet your God in judgment, you people of Israel!”

13 For the Lord is the one who shaped the mountains,
    stirs up the winds, and reveals his thoughts to mankind.
He turns the light of dawn into darkness
    and treads on the heights of the earth.
    The Lord God of Heaven’s Armies is his name!

A Call to Repentance

Listen, you people of Israel! Listen to this funeral song I am singing:

“The virgin Israel has fallen,
    never to rise again!
She lies abandoned on the ground,
    with no one to help her up.”

The Sovereign Lord says:

“When a city sends a thousand men to battle,
    only a hundred will return.
When a town sends a hundred,
    only ten will come back alive.”

Now this is what the Lord says to the family of Israel:

“Come back to me and live!
Don’t worship at the pagan altars at Bethel;
    don’t go to the shrines at Gilgal or Beersheba.
For the people of Gilgal will be dragged off into exile,
    and the people of Bethel will be reduced to nothing.”
Come back to the Lord and live!
Otherwise, he will roar through Israel[e] like a fire,
    devouring you completely.
Your gods in Bethel
    won’t be able to quench the flames.
You twist justice, making it a bitter pill for the oppressed.
    You treat the righteous like dirt.

It is the Lord who created the stars,
    the Pleiades and Orion.
He turns darkness into morning
    and day into night.
He draws up water from the oceans
    and pours it down as rain on the land.
    The Lord is his name!
With blinding speed and power he destroys the strong,
    crushing all their defenses.

10 How you hate honest judges!
    How you despise people who tell the truth!
11 You trample the poor,
    stealing their grain through taxes and unfair rent.
Therefore, though you build beautiful stone houses,
    you will never live in them.
Though you plant lush vineyards,
    you will never drink wine from them.
12 For I know the vast number of your sins
    and the depth of your rebellions.
You oppress good people by taking bribes
    and deprive the poor of justice in the courts.
13 So those who are smart keep their mouths shut,
    for it is an evil time.

14 Do what is good and run from evil
    so that you may live!
Then the Lord God of Heaven’s Armies will be your helper,
    just as you have claimed.
15 Hate evil and love what is good;
    turn your courts into true halls of justice.
Perhaps even yet the Lord God of Heaven’s Armies
    will have mercy on the remnant of his people.[f]

16 Therefore, this is what the Lord, the Lord God of Heaven’s Armies, says:

“There will be crying in all the public squares
    and mourning in every street.
Call for the farmers to weep with you,
    and summon professional mourners to wail.
17 There will be wailing in every vineyard,
    for I will destroy them all,”
    says the Lord.

Warning of Coming Judgment

18 What sorrow awaits you who say,
    “If only the day of the Lord were here!”
You have no idea what you are wishing for.
    That day will bring darkness, not light.
19 In that day you will be like a man who runs from a lion—
    only to meet a bear.
Escaping from the bear, he leans his hand against a wall in his house—
    and he’s bitten by a snake.
20 Yes, the day of the Lord will be dark and hopeless,
    without a ray of joy or hope.

21 “I hate all your show and pretense—
    the hypocrisy of your religious festivals and solemn assemblies.
22 I will not accept your burnt offerings and grain offerings.
    I won’t even notice all your choice peace offerings.
23 Away with your noisy hymns of praise!
    I will not listen to the music of your harps.
24 Instead, I want to see a mighty flood of justice,
    an endless river of righteous living.

25 “Was it to me you were bringing sacrifices and offerings during the forty years in the wilderness, Israel? 26 No, you served your pagan gods—Sakkuth your king god and Kaiwan your star god—the images you made for yourselves. 27 So I will send you into exile, to a land east of Damascus,[g]” says the Lord, whose name is the God of Heaven’s Armies.

What sorrow awaits you who lounge in luxury in Jerusalem,[h]
    and you who feel secure in Samaria!
You are famous and popular in Israel,
    and people go to you for help.
But go over to Calneh
    and see what happened there.
Then go to the great city of Hamath
    and down to the Philistine city of Gath.
You are no better than they were,
    and look at how they were destroyed.
You push away every thought of coming disaster,
    but your actions only bring the day of judgment closer.
How terrible for you who sprawl on ivory beds
    and lounge on your couches,
eating the meat of tender lambs from the flock
    and of choice calves fattened in the stall.
You sing trivial songs to the sound of the harp
    and fancy yourselves to be great musicians like David.
You drink wine by the bowlful
    and perfume yourselves with fragrant lotions.
    You care nothing about the ruin of your nation.[i]
Therefore, you will be the first to be led away as captives.
    Suddenly, all your parties will end.

The Sovereign Lord has sworn by his own name, and this is what he, the Lord God of Heaven’s Armies, says:

“I despise the arrogance of Israel,[j]
    and I hate their fortresses.
I will give this city
    and everything in it to their enemies.”

(If there are ten men left in one house, they will all die. 10 And when a relative who is responsible to dispose of the dead[k] goes into the house to carry out the bodies, he will ask the last survivor, “Is anyone else with you?” When the person begins to swear, “No, by . . . ,” he will interrupt and say, “Stop! Don’t even mention the name of the Lord.”)

11 When the Lord gives the command,
    homes both great and small will be smashed to pieces.

12 Can horses gallop over boulders?
    Can oxen be used to plow them?
But that’s how foolish you are when you turn justice into poison
    and the sweet fruit of righteousness into bitterness.
13 And you brag about your conquest of Lo-debar.[l]
    You boast, “Didn’t we take Karnaim[m] by our own strength?”

14 “O people of Israel, I am about to bring an enemy nation against you,”
    says the Lord God of Heaven’s Armies.
“They will oppress you throughout your land—
    from Lebo-hamath in the north
    to the Arabah Valley in the south.”

Footnotes

  1. 4:1 Hebrew you cows of Bashan.
  2. 4:3 Or thrown out toward Harmon, possibly a reference to Mount Hermon.
  3. 4:10 Or and slaughtered your captured horses.
  4. 4:11 Hebrew as when God destroyed.
  5. 5:6 Hebrew the house of Joseph.
  6. 5:15 Hebrew the remnant of Joseph.
  7. 5:26-27 Greek version reads No, you carried your pagan gods—the shrine of Molech, the star of your god Rephan, and the images you made for yourselves. So I will send you into exile, to a land east of Damascus. Compare Acts 7:43.
  8. 6:1 Hebrew in Zion.
  9. 6:6 Hebrew of Joseph.
  10. 6:8 Hebrew Jacob. See note on 3:13.
  11. 6:10 Or to burn the dead. The meaning of the Hebrew is uncertain.
  12. 6:13a Lo-debar means “nothing.”
  13. 6:13b Karnaim means “horns,” a term that symbolizes strength.

Israel Has Not Returned to God

Hear this word, you cows of Bashan(A) on Mount Samaria,(B)
    you women who oppress the poor(C) and crush the needy(D)
    and say to your husbands,(E) “Bring us some drinks!(F)
The Sovereign Lord has sworn by his holiness:
    “The time(G) will surely come
when you will be taken away(H) with hooks,(I)
    the last of you with fishhooks.[a]
You will each go straight out
    through breaches in the wall,(J)
    and you will be cast out toward Harmon,[b]
declares the Lord.
“Go to Bethel(K) and sin;
    go to Gilgal(L) and sin yet more.
Bring your sacrifices every morning,(M)
    your tithes(N) every three years.[c](O)
Burn leavened bread(P) as a thank offering
    and brag about your freewill offerings(Q)
boast about them, you Israelites,
    for this is what you love to do,”
declares the Sovereign Lord.

“I gave you empty stomachs in every city
    and lack of bread in every town,
    yet you have not returned to me,”
declares the Lord.(R)

“I also withheld(S) rain from you
    when the harvest was still three months away.
I sent rain on one town,
    but withheld it from another.(T)
One field had rain;
    another had none and dried up.
People staggered from town to town for water(U)
    but did not get enough(V) to drink,
    yet you have not returned(W) to me,”
declares the Lord.(X)

“Many times I struck your gardens and vineyards,
    destroying them with blight and mildew.(Y)
Locusts(Z) devoured your fig and olive trees,(AA)
    yet you have not returned(AB) to me,”
declares the Lord.

10 “I sent plagues(AC) among you
    as I did to Egypt.(AD)
I killed your young men(AE) with the sword,
    along with your captured horses.
I filled your nostrils with the stench(AF) of your camps,
    yet you have not returned to me,”(AG)
declares the Lord.(AH)

11 “I overthrew some of you
    as I overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah.(AI)
You were like a burning stick(AJ) snatched from the fire,
    yet you have not returned to me,”
declares the Lord.(AK)

12 “Therefore this is what I will do to you, Israel,
    and because I will do this to you, Israel,
    prepare to meet your God.”

13 He who forms the mountains,(AL)
    who creates the wind,(AM)
    and who reveals his thoughts(AN) to mankind,
who turns dawn to darkness,
    and treads on the heights of the earth(AO)
    the Lord God Almighty is his name.(AP)

A Lament and Call to Repentance

Hear this word, Israel, this lament(AQ) I take up concerning you:

“Fallen is Virgin(AR) Israel,
    never to rise again,
deserted in her own land,
    with no one to lift her up.(AS)

This is what the Sovereign Lord says to Israel:

“Your city that marches out a thousand strong
    will have only a hundred left;
your town that marches out a hundred strong
    will have only ten left.(AT)

This is what the Lord says to Israel:

“Seek(AU) me and live;(AV)
    do not seek Bethel,
do not go to Gilgal,(AW)
    do not journey to Beersheba.(AX)
For Gilgal will surely go into exile,
    and Bethel will be reduced to nothing.[d](AY)
Seek(AZ) the Lord and live,(BA)
    or he will sweep through the tribes of Joseph like a fire;(BB)
it will devour them,
    and Bethel(BC) will have no one to quench it.(BD)

There are those who turn justice into bitterness(BE)
    and cast righteousness(BF) to the ground.(BG)

He who made the Pleiades and Orion,(BH)
    who turns midnight into dawn(BI)
    and darkens day into night,(BJ)
who calls for the waters of the sea
    and pours them out over the face of the land—
    the Lord is his name.(BK)
With a blinding flash he destroys the stronghold
    and brings the fortified city to ruin.(BL)

10 There are those who hate the one who upholds justice in court(BM)
    and detest the one who tells the truth.(BN)

11 You levy a straw tax on the poor(BO)
    and impose a tax on their grain.
Therefore, though you have built stone mansions,(BP)
    you will not live in them;(BQ)
though you have planted lush vineyards,
    you will not drink their wine.(BR)
12 For I know how many are your offenses
    and how great your sins.(BS)

There are those who oppress the innocent and take bribes(BT)
    and deprive the poor(BU) of justice in the courts.(BV)
13 Therefore the prudent keep quiet(BW) in such times,
    for the times are evil.(BX)

14 Seek good, not evil,
    that you may live.(BY)
Then the Lord God Almighty will be with you,
    just as you say he is.
15 Hate evil,(BZ) love good;(CA)
    maintain justice in the courts.(CB)
Perhaps(CC) the Lord God Almighty will have mercy(CD)
    on the remnant(CE) of Joseph.

16 Therefore this is what the Lord, the Lord God Almighty, says:

“There will be wailing(CF) in all the streets(CG)
    and cries of anguish in every public square.
The farmers(CH) will be summoned to weep
    and the mourners to wail.
17 There will be wailing(CI) in all the vineyards,
    for I will pass through(CJ) your midst,”
says the Lord.(CK)

The Day of the Lord

18 Woe to you who long
    for the day of the Lord!(CL)
Why do you long for the day of the Lord?(CM)
    That day will be darkness,(CN) not light.(CO)
19 It will be as though a man fled from a lion
    only to meet a bear,(CP)
as though he entered his house
    and rested his hand on the wall
    only to have a snake bite him.(CQ)
20 Will not the day of the Lord be darkness,(CR) not light—
    pitch-dark, without a ray of brightness?(CS)

21 “I hate,(CT) I despise your religious festivals;(CU)
    your assemblies(CV) are a stench to me.
22 Even though you bring me burnt offerings(CW) and grain offerings,
    I will not accept them.(CX)
Though you bring choice fellowship offerings,
    I will have no regard for them.(CY)
23 Away with the noise of your songs!
    I will not listen to the music of your harps.(CZ)
24 But let justice(DA) roll on like a river,
    righteousness(DB) like a never-failing stream!(DC)

25 “Did you bring me sacrifices(DD) and offerings
    forty years(DE) in the wilderness, people of Israel?
26 You have lifted up the shrine of your king,
    the pedestal of your idols,(DF)
    the star of your god[e]
    which you made for yourselves.
27 Therefore I will send you into exile(DG) beyond Damascus,”
    says the Lord, whose name is God Almighty.(DH)

Woe to the Complacent

Woe to you(DI) who are complacent(DJ) in Zion,
    and to you who feel secure(DK) on Mount Samaria,(DL)
you notable men of the foremost nation,
    to whom the people of Israel come!(DM)
Go to Kalneh(DN) and look at it;
    go from there to great Hamath,(DO)
    and then go down to Gath(DP) in Philistia.
Are they better off than(DQ) your two kingdoms?
    Is their land larger than yours?
You put off the day of disaster
    and bring near a reign of terror.(DR)
You lie on beds adorned with ivory
    and lounge on your couches.(DS)
You dine on choice lambs
    and fattened calves.(DT)
You strum away on your harps(DU) like David
    and improvise on musical instruments.(DV)
You drink wine(DW) by the bowlful
    and use the finest lotions,
    but you do not grieve(DX) over the ruin of Joseph.(DY)
Therefore you will be among the first to go into exile;(DZ)
    your feasting and lounging will end.(EA)

The Lord Abhors the Pride of Israel

The Sovereign Lord has sworn by himself(EB)—the Lord God Almighty declares:

“I abhor(EC) the pride of Jacob(ED)
    and detest his fortresses;(EE)
I will deliver up(EF) the city
    and everything in it.(EG)

If ten(EH) people are left in one house, they too will die. 10 And if the relative who comes to carry the bodies out of the house to burn them[f](EI) asks anyone who might be hiding there, “Is anyone else with you?” and he says, “No,” then he will go on to say, “Hush!(EJ) We must not mention the name of the Lord.”

11 For the Lord has given the command,
    and he will smash(EK) the great house(EL) into pieces
    and the small house into bits.(EM)

12 Do horses run on the rocky crags?
    Does one plow the sea[g] with oxen?
But you have turned justice into poison(EN)
    and the fruit of righteousness(EO) into bitterness(EP)
13 you who rejoice in the conquest of Lo Debar[h]
    and say, “Did we not take Karnaim[i] by our own strength?(EQ)

14 For the Lord God Almighty declares,
    “I will stir up a nation(ER) against you, Israel,
that will oppress you all the way
    from Lebo Hamath(ES) to the valley of the Arabah.(ET)

Footnotes

  1. Amos 4:2 Or away in baskets, / the last of you in fish baskets
  2. Amos 4:3 Masoretic Text; with a different word division of the Hebrew (see Septuagint) out, you mountain of oppression
  3. Amos 4:4 Or days
  4. Amos 5:5 Hebrew aven, a reference to Beth Aven (a derogatory name for Bethel); see Hosea 4:15.
  5. Amos 5:26 Or lifted up Sakkuth your king / and Kaiwan your idols, / your star-gods; Septuagint lifted up the shrine of Molek / and the star of your god Rephan, / their idols
  6. Amos 6:10 Or to make a funeral fire in honor of the dead
  7. Amos 6:12 With a different word division of the Hebrew; Masoretic Text plow there
  8. Amos 6:13 Lo Debar means nothing.
  9. Amos 6:13 Karnaim means horns; horn here symbolizes strength.