3 But mark this: There will be terrible times in the last days.^{(A) 2} People will be lovers of themselves, lovers of money,^(B) boastful, proud,^(C) abusive,^(D) disobedient to their parents,^(E) ungrateful, unholy, ³ without love, unforgiving, slanderous, without self-control, brutal, not lovers of the good, ⁴ treacherous,^(F) rash, conceited,^(G) lovers of pleasure rather than lovers of God— ⁵ having a form of godliness^(H) but denying its power. Have nothing to do with such people.^(I)

⁶ They are the kind who worm their way^(J) into homes and gain control over gullible women, who are loaded down with sins and are swayed by all kinds of evil desires, ⁷ always learning but never able to come to a knowledge of the truth.^{(K) 8} Just as Jannes and Jambres opposed Moses,^(L) so also these teachers oppose^(M) the truth. They are men of depraved minds,^(N) who, as far as the faith is concerned, are rejected. ⁹ But they will not get very far because, as in the case of those men,^(O) their folly will be clear to everyone.

A Final Charge to Timothy

¹⁰ You, however, know all about my teaching,^(P) my way of life, my purpose, faith, patience, love, endurance, ¹¹ persecutions, sufferings—what kinds of things happened to me in Antioch,^(Q) Iconium^(R) and Lystra,^(S) the persecutions I endured.^(T) Yet the Lord rescued^(U) me from all of them.^{(V) 12} In fact, everyone who wants to live a godly life in Christ Jesus will be persecuted,^{(W) 13} while evildoers and impostors will go from bad to worse,^(X) deceiving and being deceived.^{(Y) 14} But as for you, continue in what you have learned and have become convinced of, because you know those from whom you learned it,^{(Z) 15} and how from infancy^(AA) you have known the Holy Scriptures,^(AB) which are able to make you wise^(AC) for salvation through faith in Christ Jesus. ¹⁶ All Scripture is God-breathed^(AD) and is useful for teaching,^(AE) rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness,^{(AF) 17} so that the servant of God^[a](AG) may be thoroughly equipped for every good work.^(AH)

4 In the presence of God and of Christ Jesus, who will judge the living and the dead,^(AI) and in view of his appearing^(AJ) and his kingdom, I give you this charge:^{(AK) 2} Preach^(AL) the word;^(AM) be prepared in season and out of season; correct, rebuke^(AN) and encourage^(AO)—with great patience and careful instruction. ³ For the time will come when people will not put up with sound doctrine.^(AP) Instead, to suit their own desires, they will gather around them a great number of teachers to say what their itching ears want to hear.^{(AQ) 4} They will turn their ears away from the truth and turn aside to myths.^{(AR) 5} But you, keep your head in all situations, endure hardship,^(AS) do the work of an evangelist,^(AT) discharge all the duties of your ministry.

⁶ For I am already being poured out like a drink offering,^(AU) and the time for my departure is near.^{(AV) 7} I have fought the good fight,^(AW) I have finished the race,^(AX) I have kept the faith. ⁸ Now there is in store for me^(AY) the crown of righteousness,^(AZ) which the Lord, the righteous Judge, will award to me on that day^(BA)—and not only to me, but also to all who have longed for his appearing.^(BB)

Personal Remarks

⁹ Do your best to come to me quickly,^{(BC) 10} for Demas,^(BD) because he loved this world,^(BE) has deserted me and has gone to Thessalonica.^(BF) Crescens has gone to Galatia,^(BG) and Titus^(BH) to Dalmatia. ¹¹ Only Luke^(BI) is with me.^(BJ) Get Mark^(BK) and bring him with you, because he is helpful to me in my ministry. ¹² I sent Tychicus^(BL) to Ephesus.^{(BM) 13} When you come, bring the cloak that I left with Carpus at Troas,^(BN) and my scrolls, especially the parchments.

¹⁴ Alexander^(BO) the metalworker did me a great deal of harm. The Lord will repay him for what he has done.^{(BP) 15} You too should be on your guard against him, because he strongly opposed our message.

¹⁶ At my first defense, no one came to my support, but everyone deserted me. May it not be held against them.^{(BQ) 17} But the Lord stood at my side^(BR) and gave me strength,^(BS) so that through me the message might be fully proclaimed and all the Gentiles might hear it.^(BT) And I was delivered from the lion’s mouth.^{(BU) 18} The Lord will rescue me from every evil attack^(BV) and will bring me safely to his heavenly kingdom.^(BW) To him be glory for ever and ever. Amen.^(BX)

Final Greetings

¹⁹ Greet Priscilla^[b] and Aquila^(BY) and the household of Onesiphorus.^{(BZ) 20} Erastus^(CA) stayed in Corinth, and I left Trophimus^(CB) sick in Miletus.^{(CC) 21} Do your best to get here before winter.^(CD) Eubulus greets you, and so do Pudens, Linus, Claudia and all the brothers and sisters.^[c]

²² The Lord be with your spirit.^(CE) Grace be with you all.^(CF)

1 Paul, a servant of God^(A) and an apostle^(B) of Jesus Christ to further the faith of God’s elect and their knowledge of the truth^(C) that leads to godliness^(D)— ² in the hope of eternal life,^(E) which God, who does not lie,^(F) promised before the beginning of time,^{(G) 3} and which now at his appointed season^(H) he has brought to light^(I) through the preaching entrusted to me^(J) by the command of God^(K) our Savior,^(L)

⁴ To Titus,^(M) my true son^(N) in our common faith:

Grace and peace from God the Father and Christ Jesus our Savior.^(O)

Appointing Elders Who Love What Is Good^(P)

⁵ The reason I left you in Crete^(Q) was that you might put in order what was left unfinished and appoint^[a] elders^(R) in every town, as I directed you. ⁶ An elder must be blameless,^(S) faithful to his wife, a man whose children believe^[b] and are not open to the charge of being wild and disobedient. ⁷ Since an overseer^(T) manages God’s household,^(U) he must be blameless—not overbearing, not quick-tempered, not given to drunkenness, not violent, not pursuing dishonest gain.^{(V) 8} Rather, he must be hospitable,^(W) one who loves what is good,^(X) who is self-controlled,^(Y) upright, holy and disciplined. ⁹ He must hold firmly^(Z) to the trustworthy message as it has been taught, so that he can encourage others by sound doctrine^(AA) and refute those who oppose it.

Rebuking Those Who Fail to Do Good

¹⁰ For there are many rebellious people, full of meaningless talk^(AB) and deception, especially those of the circumcision group.^{(AC) 11} They must be silenced, because they are disrupting whole households^(AD) by teaching things they ought not to teach—and that for the sake of dishonest gain. ¹² One of Crete’s own prophets^(AE) has said it: “Cretans^(AF) are always liars, evil brutes, lazy gluttons.”^{[c] 13} This saying is true. Therefore rebuke^(AG) them sharply, so that they will be sound in the faith^{(AH) 14} and will pay no attention to Jewish myths^(AI) or to the merely human commands^(AJ) of those who reject the truth.^{(AK) 15} To the pure, all things are pure,^(AL) but to those who are corrupted and do not believe, nothing is pure.^(AM) In fact, both their minds and consciences are corrupted.^{(AN) 16} They claim to know God, but by their actions they deny him.^(AO) They are detestable, disobedient and unfit for doing anything good.^(AP)

Doing Good for the Sake of the Gospel

2 You, however, must teach what is appropriate to sound doctrine.^{(AQ) 2} Teach the older men^(AR) to be temperate,^(AS) worthy of respect, self-controlled,^(AT) and sound in faith,^(AU) in love and in endurance.

³ Likewise, teach the older women to be reverent in the way they live, not to be slanderers^(AV) or addicted to much wine,^(AW) but to teach what is good. ⁴ Then they can urge the younger women^(AX) to love their husbands and children, ⁵ to be self-controlled^(AY) and pure, to be busy at home,^(AZ) to be kind, and to be subject to their husbands,^(BA) so that no one will malign the word of God.^(BB)

⁶ Similarly, encourage the young men^(BC) to be self-controlled.^{(BD) 7} In everything set them an example^(BE) by doing what is good.^(BF) In your teaching show integrity, seriousness ⁸ and soundness of speech that cannot be condemned, so that those who oppose you may be ashamed because they have nothing bad to say about us.^(BG)

⁹ Teach slaves to be subject to their masters in everything,^(BH) to try to please them, not to talk back to them, ¹⁰ and not to steal from them, but to show that they can be fully trusted, so that in every way they will make the teaching about God our Savior^(BI) attractive.^(BJ)

¹¹ For the grace^(BK) of God has appeared^(BL) that offers salvation to all people.^{(BM) 12} It teaches us to say “No” to ungodliness and worldly passions,^(BN) and to live self-controlled,^(BO) upright and godly lives^(BP) in this present age, ¹³ while we wait for the blessed hope—the appearing^(BQ) of the glory of our great God and Savior, Jesus Christ,^{(BR) 14} who gave himself for us^(BS) to redeem us from all wickedness^(BT) and to purify^(BU) for himself a people that are his very own,^(BV) eager to do what is good.^(BW)

¹⁵ These, then, are the things you should teach. Encourage and rebuke with all authority. Do not let anyone despise you.

Saved in Order to Do Good

3 Remind the people to be subject to rulers and authorities,^(BX) to be obedient, to be ready to do whatever is good,^{(BY) 2} to slander no one,^(BZ) to be peaceable and considerate, and always to be gentle toward everyone.

³ At one time^(CA) we too were foolish, disobedient, deceived and enslaved by all kinds of passions and pleasures. We lived in malice and envy, being hated and hating one another. ⁴ But when the kindness^(CB) and love of God our Savior^(CC) appeared,^{(CD) 5} he saved us,^(CE) not because of righteous things we had done,^(CF) but because of his mercy.^(CG) He saved us through the washing^(CH) of rebirth and renewal^(CI) by the Holy Spirit, ⁶ whom he poured out on us^(CJ) generously through Jesus Christ our Savior, ⁷ so that, having been justified by his grace,^(CK) we might become heirs^(CL) having the hope^(CM) of eternal life.^{(CN) 8} This is a trustworthy saying.^(CO) And I want you to stress these things, so that those who have trusted in God may be careful to devote themselves to doing what is good.^(CP) These things are excellent and profitable for everyone.

⁹ But avoid^(CQ) foolish controversies and genealogies and arguments and quarrels^(CR) about the law,^(CS) because these are unprofitable and useless.^{(CT) 10} Warn a divisive person once, and then warn them a second time. After that, have nothing to do with them.^{(CU) 11} You may be sure that such people are warped and sinful; they are self-condemned.

Final Remarks

¹² As soon as I send Artemas or Tychicus^(CV) to you, do your best to come to me at Nicopolis, because I have decided to winter there.^{(CW) 13} Do everything you can to help Zenas the lawyer and Apollos^(CX) on their way and see that they have everything they need. ¹⁴ Our people must learn to devote themselves to doing what is good,^(CY) in order to provide for urgent needs and not live unproductive lives.

¹⁵ Everyone with me sends you greetings. Greet those who love us in the faith.^(CZ)

Grace be with you all.^(DA)

¹ Paul, a prisoner^(A) of Christ Jesus, and Timothy^(B) our brother,^(C)

To Philemon our dear friend and fellow worker^(D)— ² also to Apphia our sister and Archippus^(E) our fellow soldier^(F)—and to the church that meets in your home:^(G)

³ Grace and peace to you^[a] from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.^(H)

Thanksgiving and Prayer

⁴ I always thank my God^(I) as I remember you in my prayers,^{(J) 5} because I hear about your love for all his holy people^(K) and your faith in the Lord Jesus.^{(L) 6} I pray that your partnership with us in the faith may be effective in deepening your understanding of every good thing we share for the sake of Christ. ⁷ Your love has given me great joy and encouragement,^(M) because you, brother, have refreshed^(N) the hearts of the Lord’s people.

Paul’s Plea for Onesimus

⁸ Therefore, although in Christ I could be bold and order you to do what you ought to do, ⁹ yet I prefer to appeal to you^(O) on the basis of love. It is as none other than Paul—an old man and now also a prisoner^(P) of Christ Jesus— ¹⁰ that I appeal to you for my son^(Q) Onesimus,^[b](R) who became my son while I was in chains.^{(S) 11} Formerly he was useless to you, but now he has become useful both to you and to me.

¹² I am sending him—who is my very heart—back to you. ¹³ I would have liked to keep him with me so that he could take your place in helping me while I am in chains^(T) for the gospel. ¹⁴ But I did not want to do anything without your consent, so that any favor you do would not seem forced^(U) but would be voluntary. ¹⁵ Perhaps the reason he was separated from you for a little while was that you might have him back forever— ¹⁶ no longer as a slave,^(V) but better than a slave, as a dear brother.^(W) He is very dear to me but even dearer to you, both as a fellow man and as a brother in the Lord.

¹⁷ So if you consider me a partner,^(X) welcome him as you would welcome me. ¹⁸ If he has done you any wrong or owes you anything, charge it to me.^{(Y) 19} I, Paul, am writing this with my own hand.^(Z) I will pay it back—not to mention that you owe me your very self. ²⁰ I do wish, brother, that I may have some benefit from you in the Lord; refresh^(AA) my heart in Christ. ²¹ Confident^(AB) of your obedience, I write to you, knowing that you will do even more than I ask.

²² And one thing more: Prepare a guest room for me, because I hope to be^(AC) restored to you in answer to your prayers.^(AD)

²³ Epaphras,^(AE) my fellow prisoner^(AF) in Christ Jesus, sends you greetings. ²⁴ And so do Mark,^(AG) Aristarchus,^(AH) Demas^(AI) and Luke, my fellow workers.^(AJ)

²⁵ The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ be with your spirit.^(AK)

God’s Final Word: His Son

1 In the past God spoke^(A) to our ancestors through the prophets^(B) at many times and in various ways,^{(C) 2} but in these last days^(D) he has spoken to us by his Son,^(E) whom he appointed heir^(F) of all things, and through whom^(G) also he made the universe.^{(H) 3} The Son is the radiance of God’s glory^(I) and the exact representation of his being,^(J) sustaining all things^(K) by his powerful word. After he had provided purification for sins,^(L) he sat down at the right hand of the Majesty in heaven.^{(M) 4} So he became as much superior to the angels as the name he has inherited is superior to theirs.^(N)

The Son Superior to Angels

⁵ For to which of the angels did God ever say,

Or again,

⁶ And again, when God brings his firstborn^(Q) into the world,^(R) he says,

⁷ In speaking of the angels he says,

⁸ But about the Son he says,

¹⁰ He also says,

¹³ To which of the angels did God ever say,

¹⁴ Are not all angels ministering spirits^(AF) sent to serve those who will inherit^(AG) salvation?^(AH)

Warning to Pay Attention

2 We must pay the most careful attention, therefore, to what we have heard, so that we do not drift away.^{(AI) 2} For since the message spoken^(AJ) through angels^(AK) was binding, and every violation and disobedience received its just punishment,^{(AL) 3} how shall we escape if we ignore so great a salvation?^(AM) This salvation, which was first announced by the Lord,^(AN) was confirmed to us by those who heard him.^{(AO) 4} God also testified to it by signs, wonders and various miracles,^(AP) and by gifts of the Holy Spirit^(AQ) distributed according to his will.^(AR)

Jesus Made Fully Human

⁵ It is not to angels that he has subjected the world to come, about which we are speaking. ⁶ But there is a place where someone^(AS) has testified:

In putting everything under them,^[k] God left nothing that is not subject to them.^[l] Yet at present we do not see everything subject to them.^{[m] 9} But we do see Jesus, who was made lower than the angels for a little while, now crowned with glory and honor^(AV) because he suffered death,^(AW) so that by the grace of God he might taste death for everyone.^(AX)

¹⁰ In bringing many sons and daughters to glory, it was fitting that God, for whom and through whom everything exists,^(AY) should make the pioneer of their salvation perfect through what he suffered.^{(AZ) 11} Both the one who makes people holy^(BA) and those who are made holy^(BB) are of the same family. So Jesus is not ashamed to call them brothers and sisters.^{[n](BC) 12} He says,

¹³ And again,

And again he says,

¹⁴ Since the children have flesh and blood,^(BG) he too shared in their humanity^(BH) so that by his death he might break the power^(BI) of him who holds the power of death—that is, the devil^(BJ)— ¹⁵ and free those who all their lives were held in slavery by their fear^(BK) of death. ¹⁶ For surely it is not angels he helps, but Abraham’s descendants.^{(BL) 17} For this reason he had to be made like them,^[r](BM) fully human in every way, in order that he might become a merciful^(BN) and faithful high priest^(BO) in service to God,^(BP) and that he might make atonement for the sins of the people.^{(BQ) 18} Because he himself suffered when he was tempted, he is able to help those who are being tempted.^(BR)

Jesus Greater Than Moses

3 Therefore, holy brothers and sisters,^(BS) who share in the heavenly calling,^(BT) fix your thoughts on Jesus, whom we acknowledge^(BU) as our apostle and high priest.^{(BV) 2} He was faithful to the one who appointed him, just as Moses was faithful in all God’s house.^{(BW) 3} Jesus has been found worthy of greater honor than Moses,^(BX) just as the builder of a house has greater honor than the house itself. ⁴ For every house is built by someone, but God is the builder of everything.^{(BY) 5} “Moses was faithful as a servant^(BZ) in all God’s house,”^[s](CA) bearing witness to what would be spoken by God in the future. ⁶ But Christ is faithful as the Son^(CB) over God’s house. And we are his house,^(CC) if indeed we hold firmly^(CD) to our confidence and the hope^(CE) in which we glory.

Warning Against Unbelief

⁷ So, as the Holy Spirit says:^(CF)

¹² See to it, brothers and sisters, that none of you has a sinful, unbelieving heart that turns away from the living God.^{(CL) 13} But encourage one another daily,^(CM) as long as it is called “Today,” so that none of you may be hardened by sin’s deceitfulness.^{(CN) 14} We have come to share in Christ, if indeed we hold^(CO) our original conviction firmly to the very end.^{(CP) 15} As has just been said:

¹⁶ Who were they who heard and rebelled? Were they not all those Moses led out of Egypt?^{(CR) 17} And with whom was he angry for forty years? Was it not with those who sinned, whose bodies perished in the wilderness?^{(CS) 18} And to whom did God swear that they would never enter his rest^(CT) if not to those who disobeyed?^{(CU) 19} So we see that they were not able to enter, because of their unbelief.^(CV)

A Sabbath-Rest for the People of God

4 Therefore, since the promise of entering his rest still stands, let us be careful that none of you be found to have fallen short of it.^{(CW) 2} For we also have had the good news proclaimed to us, just as they did; but the message they heard was of no value to them, because they did not share the faith of those who obeyed.^{[v](CX) 3} Now we who have believed enter that rest, just as God has said,

And yet his works have been finished since the creation of the world. ⁴ For somewhere he has spoken about the seventh day in these words: “On the seventh day God rested from all his works.”^{[x](CZ) 5} And again in the passage above he says, “They shall never enter my rest.”^(DA)

⁶ Therefore since it still remains for some to enter that rest, and since those who formerly had the good news proclaimed to them did not go in because of their disobedience,^{(DB) 7} God again set a certain day, calling it “Today.” This he did when a long time later he spoke through David, as in the passage already quoted:

⁸ For if Joshua had given them rest,^(DD) God would not have spoken^(DE) later about another day. ⁹ There remains, then, a Sabbath-rest for the people of God; ¹⁰ for anyone who enters God’s rest also rests from their works,^[z](DF) just as God did from his.^{(DG) 11} Let us, therefore, make every effort to enter that rest, so that no one will perish by following their example of disobedience.^(DH)

¹² For the word of God^(DI) is alive^(DJ) and active.^(DK) Sharper than any double-edged sword,^(DL) it penetrates even to dividing soul and spirit, joints and marrow; it judges the thoughts and attitudes of the heart.^{(DM) 13} Nothing in all creation is hidden from God’s sight.^(DN) Everything is uncovered and laid bare before the eyes of him to whom we must give account.

Jesus the Great High Priest

¹⁴ Therefore, since we have a great high priest^(DO) who has ascended into heaven,^[aa](DP) Jesus the Son of God,^(DQ) let us hold firmly to the faith we profess.^{(DR) 15} For we do not have a high priest^(DS) who is unable to empathize with our weaknesses, but we have one who has been tempted in every way, just as we are^(DT)—yet he did not sin.^{(DU) 16} Let us then approach^(DV) God’s throne of grace with confidence,^(DW) so that we may receive mercy and find grace to help us in our time of need.

5 Every high priest is selected from among the people and is appointed to represent the people in matters related to God,^(DX) to offer gifts and sacrifices^(DY) for sins.^{(DZ) 2} He is able to deal gently with those who are ignorant and are going astray,^(EA) since he himself is subject to weakness.^{(EB) 3} This is why he has to offer sacrifices for his own sins, as well as for the sins of the people.^{(EC) 4} And no one takes this honor on himself, but he receives it when called by God, just as Aaron was.^(ED)

⁵ In the same way, Christ did not take on himself the glory^(EE) of becoming a high priest.^(EF) But God said^(EG) to him,

⁶ And he says in another place,

⁷ During the days of Jesus’ life on earth, he offered up prayers and petitions^(EK) with fervent cries and tears^(EL) to the one who could save him from death, and he was heard^(EM) because of his reverent submission.^{(EN) 8} Son^(EO) though he was, he learned obedience from what he suffered^{(EP) 9} and, once made perfect,^(EQ) he became the source of eternal salvation for all who obey him ¹⁰ and was designated by God to be high priest^(ER) in the order of Melchizedek.^(ES)

Warning Against Falling Away^(ET)

¹¹ We have much to say about this, but it is hard to make it clear to you because you no longer try to understand. ¹² In fact, though by this time you ought to be teachers, you need someone to teach you the elementary truths^(EU) of God’s word all over again. You need milk, not solid food!^{(EV) 13} Anyone who lives on milk, being still an infant,^(EW) is not acquainted with the teaching about righteousness. ¹⁴ But solid food is for the mature,^(EX) who by constant use have trained themselves to distinguish good from evil.^(EY)

6 Therefore let us move beyond^(EZ) the elementary teachings^(FA) about Christ and be taken forward to maturity, not laying again the foundation of repentance from acts that lead to death,^[ad](FB) and of faith in God, ² instruction about cleansing rites,^[ae](FC) the laying on of hands,^(FD) the resurrection of the dead,^(FE) and eternal judgment. ³ And God permitting,^(FF) we will do so.

⁴ It is impossible for those who have once been enlightened,^(FG) who have tasted the heavenly gift,^(FH) who have shared in the Holy Spirit,^{(FI) 5} who have tasted the goodness^(FJ) of the word of God^(FK) and the powers of the coming age ⁶ and who have fallen^[af] away, to be brought back to repentance.^(FL) To their loss they are crucifying the Son of God^(FM) all over again and subjecting him to public disgrace. ⁷ Land that drinks in the rain often falling on it and that produces a crop useful to those for whom it is farmed receives the blessing of God. ⁸ But land that produces thorns and thistles is worthless and is in danger of being cursed.^(FN) In the end it will be burned.

⁹ Even though we speak like this, dear friends,^(FO) we are convinced of better things in your case—the things that have to do with salvation. ¹⁰ God is not unjust; he will not forget your work and the love you have shown him as you have helped his people and continue to help them.^{(FP) 11} We want each of you to show this same diligence to the very end, so that what you hope^(FQ) for may be fully realized. ¹² We do not want you to become lazy, but to imitate^(FR) those who through faith and patience^(FS) inherit what has been promised.^(FT)

The Certainty of God’s Promise

¹³ When God made his promise to Abraham, since there was no one greater for him to swear by, he swore by himself,^{(FU) 14} saying, “I will surely bless you and give you many descendants.”^{[ag](FV) 15} And so after waiting patiently, Abraham received what was promised.^(FW)

¹⁶ People swear by someone greater than themselves, and the oath confirms what is said and puts an end to all argument.^{(FX) 17} Because God wanted to make the unchanging^(FY) nature of his purpose very clear to the heirs of what was promised,^(FZ) he confirmed it with an oath. ¹⁸ God did this so that, by two unchangeable things in which it is impossible for God to lie,^(GA) we who have fled to take hold of the hope^(GB) set before us may be greatly encouraged. ¹⁹ We have this hope as an anchor for the soul, firm and secure. It enters the inner sanctuary behind the curtain,^{(GC) 20} where our forerunner, Jesus, has entered on our behalf.^(GD) He has become a high priest^(GE) forever, in the order of Melchizedek.^(GF)