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16 Saul and his son Jonathan and the people with them were staying in Geba of Benjamin, while the Philistines camped at Michmash. 17 And the raiding party came from the Philistine camp in three companies: one company turned toward Ophrah, to the land of Shual, 18 another company turned toward Beth-horon, and another toward the border overlooking the Valley of Zeboim toward the wilderness.

19 Now no [a]blacksmith (metal-worker) could be found in all the land of Israel, for the Philistines said, “Otherwise the Hebrews will make swords or spears.” 20 So all [the men of] Israel went down to the Philistines, each to get his plowshare, pick, axe, or sickle sharpened. 21 The fee [for sharpening] was a pim (two-thirds of a shekel) for the plowshares, the picks, the pitchforks, and the axes, and to straighten the goads (cattle prods). 22 So it came about on the day of battle that [b]neither sword nor spear was found in the hands of any of the people who were with Saul and Jonathan; but Saul and Jonathan his son had them.

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Footnotes

  1. 1 Samuel 13:19 Israel lacked the ability to produce iron until the time of Solomon.
  2. 1 Samuel 13:22 Because the Israelite did not yet know how to work iron, their weapons were limited to the bow and arrow, and the sling. The sling was a formidable projectile weapon that had a small cradle or pouch between two lengths of cord. It was used not only in combat by ancient people, but also for hunting game.

Israel Without Weapons

16 Saul and his son Jonathan and the men with them were staying in Gibeah[a](A) in Benjamin, while the Philistines camped at Mikmash. 17 Raiding(B) parties went out from the Philistine camp in three detachments. One turned toward Ophrah(C) in the vicinity of Shual, 18 another toward Beth Horon,(D) and the third toward the borderland overlooking the Valley of Zeboyim(E) facing the wilderness.

19 Not a blacksmith(F) could be found in the whole land of Israel, because the Philistines had said, “Otherwise the Hebrews will make swords or spears!(G) 20 So all Israel went down to the Philistines to have their plow points, mattocks, axes and sickles[b] sharpened. 21 The price was two-thirds of a shekel[c] for sharpening plow points and mattocks, and a third of a shekel[d] for sharpening forks and axes and for repointing goads.

22 So on the day of the battle not a soldier with Saul and Jonathan(H) had a sword or spear(I) in his hand; only Saul and his son Jonathan had them.

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Footnotes

  1. 1 Samuel 13:16 Two Hebrew manuscripts; most Hebrew manuscripts Geba, a variant of Gibeah
  2. 1 Samuel 13:20 Septuagint; Hebrew plow points
  3. 1 Samuel 13:21 That is, about 1/4 ounce or about 8 grams
  4. 1 Samuel 13:21 That is, about 1/8 ounce or about 4 grams