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The Peace Offering

11 “‘This is the law of the peace-offering sacrifice which he[a] is to present to the Lord. 12 If he presents it on account of thanksgiving,[b] along with the thank-offering sacrifice he must present unleavened loaves mixed with olive oil, unleavened wafers smeared with olive oil,[c] and well-soaked,[d] ring-shaped loaves made of choice wheat flour[e] mixed with olive oil. 13 He must present this grain offering[f] in addition to ring-shaped loaves of leavened bread which regularly accompany[g] the sacrifice of his thanksgiving peace offering. 14 He must present one of each kind of grain offering[h] as a contribution offering[i] to the Lord; it belongs to the priest who splashes the blood of the peace offering. 15 The meat of his[j] thanksgiving peace offering must be eaten on the day of his offering; he must not set any of it aside until morning.

16 “‘If his offering is a votive or freewill sacrifice,[k] it may be eaten on the day he presents his sacrifice, and also the leftovers from it may be eaten on the next day,[l] 17 but the leftovers from the meat of the sacrifice must be burned up in the fire[m] on the third day. 18 If some of the meat of his peace-offering sacrifice is ever eaten on the third day it will not be accepted; it will not be accounted to the one who presented it since it is spoiled,[n] and the person who eats from it will bear his punishment for iniquity.[o] 19 The meat which touches anything ceremonially unclean[p] must not be eaten; it must be burned up in the fire. As for ceremonially clean meat,[q] everyone who is ceremonially clean may eat the meat. 20 The person who eats meat from the peace-offering sacrifice which belongs to the Lord while that person’s uncleanness persists[r] will be cut off from his people.[s] 21 When a person touches anything unclean (whether human uncleanness, or an unclean animal, or an unclean detestable creature)[t] and eats some of the meat of the peace-offering sacrifice which belongs to the Lord, that person will be cut off from his people.’”[u]

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Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 7:11 tn This “he” pronoun refers to the offerer. Smr and LXX have plural “they.”
  2. Leviticus 7:12 tn Or “for a thank offering.”
  3. Leviticus 7:12 tn See the notes on Lev 2:4.
  4. Leviticus 7:12 tn See the note on Lev 6:21 [6:14 HT].
  5. Leviticus 7:12 tn Heb “choice wheat flour well-soaked ring-shaped loaves.” See the note on Lev 2:1.
  6. Leviticus 7:13 tn The rendering “this [grain] offering” is more literally “his offering,” but it refers to the series of grain offerings listed just previously in v. 12.
  7. Leviticus 7:13 tn The words “which regularly accompany” are not in the Hebrew text, but are supplied for clarity.sn The translation “[which regularly accompany]…” is based on the practice of bringing bread (and wine) to eat with the portions of the peace-offering meat eaten by the priests and worshipers (see v. 14 and Num 15:1-13). This was in addition to the memorial portion of the unleavened bread that was offered to the Lord on the altar (cf. Lev 2:2, 9, and the note on 7:12).
  8. Leviticus 7:14 tn Here the Hebrew text reads “offering” (קָרְבָּן, qorban), not “grain offering” (מִנְחָה, minkhah), but in this context the term refers once again to the list in 7:12.
  9. Leviticus 7:14 tn The term rendered “contribution offering” is תְּרוּמָה (terumah), which generally refers to that which is set aside from the offerings to the Lord as prebends for the officiating priests (cf. esp. Lev 7:28-34 and R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 4:335-37). Cf. TEV “as a special contribution.”
  10. Leviticus 7:15 tn In the verse “his” refers to the offerer.
  11. Leviticus 7:16 tn For the distinction between votive and freewill offerings see the note on Lev 22:23 and the literature cited there.
  12. Leviticus 7:16 tn Heb “and on the next day and the left over from it shall be eaten.”
  13. Leviticus 7:17 tn Heb “burned with fire,” an expression which is sometimes redundant in English, but here means “burned up,” “burned up entirely” (likewise in v. 19).
  14. Leviticus 7:18 tn Or “desecrated,” or “defiled,” or “forbidden.” For this difficult term see J. Milgrom, Leviticus (AB), 1:422. Cf. NIV “it is impure”; NCV “it will become unclean”; NLT “will be contaminated.”
  15. Leviticus 7:18 tn Heb “his iniquity he shall bear” (cf. Lev 5:1); NIV “will be held responsible”; NRSV “shall incur guilt”; TEV “will suffer the consequences.”
  16. Leviticus 7:19 tn The word “ceremonially” has been supplied in the translation both here and in the following sentence to clarify that the uncleanness involved is ritual or ceremonial in nature.
  17. Leviticus 7:19 tn The Hebrew has simply “the flesh,” but this certainly refers to “clean” flesh in contrast to the unclean flesh in the first half of the verse.
  18. Leviticus 7:20 tn Heb “and his unclean condition is on him.”
  19. Leviticus 7:20 sn The exact meaning of this penalty clause is not certain. It could mean that he will be executed, whether by God or by man, he will be excommunicated from sanctuary worship and/or community benefits (cf. TEV, CEV), or his line will be terminated by God (i.e., extirpation), etc. See J. E. Hartley, Leviticus (WBC), 100; J. Milgrom, Leviticus (AB), 1:457-60; and B. A. Levine, Leviticus (JPSTC), 241-42 for further discussion.
  20. Leviticus 7:21 sn For these categories of unclean animals see Lev 11.
  21. Leviticus 7:21 sn For the interpretation of this last clause see the note on Lev 7:20.

The Fellowship Offering

11 “‘These are the regulations for the fellowship offering anyone may present to the Lord:

12 “‘If they offer it as an expression of thankfulness, then along with this thank offering(A) they are to offer thick loaves(B) made without yeast(C) and with olive oil mixed in, thin loaves(D) made without yeast and brushed with oil,(E) and thick loaves of the finest flour well-kneaded and with oil mixed in. 13 Along with their fellowship offering of thanksgiving(F) they are to present an offering with thick loaves of bread made with yeast.(G) 14 They are to bring one of each kind as an offering, a contribution to the Lord; it belongs to the priest who splashes the blood of the fellowship offering against the altar. 15 The meat of their fellowship offering of thanksgiving must be eaten on the day it is offered; they must leave none of it till morning.(H)

16 “‘If, however, their offering is the result of a vow(I) or is a freewill offering,(J) the sacrifice shall be eaten on the day they offer it, but anything left over may be eaten on the next day.(K) 17 Any meat of the sacrifice left over till the third day must be burned up.(L) 18 If any meat of the fellowship offering(M) is eaten on the third day, the one who offered it will not be accepted.(N) It will not be reckoned(O) to their credit, for it has become impure; the person who eats any of it will be held responsible.(P)

19 “‘Meat that touches anything ceremonially unclean must not be eaten; it must be burned up. As for other meat, anyone ceremonially clean may eat it. 20 But if anyone who is unclean(Q) eats any meat of the fellowship offering belonging to the Lord, they must be cut off from their people.(R) 21 Anyone who touches something unclean(S)—whether human uncleanness or an unclean animal or any unclean creature that moves along the ground[a]—and then eats any of the meat of the fellowship offering belonging to the Lord must be cut off from their people.’”

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Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 7:21 A few Hebrew manuscripts, Samaritan Pentateuch, Syriac and Targum (see 5:2); most Hebrew manuscripts any unclean, detestable thing