The Sin Offering

4 The Lord said to Moses, ² “Tell the ·people [^Lsons; children] of Israel this: ‘When a person sins ·by accident [unintentionally; inadvertently; ^Cin contrast to a deliberate sin; Num. 15:22–31] ·and does some things the Lord has commanded not to be done [^Lin any of the Lord’s commandments/regulations], ·that person must do these things [^Land does any one of them]:

³ “‘If the ·appointed [^Lanointed] priest sins so that he brings guilt on the people, then he must offer a young bull to the Lord, ·one that has nothing wrong with it [unblemished], as a ·sin [or purification; ^Cthe offering would purify the offerer of the effects of sin] offering for the sin he has done. ⁴ He will bring the bull to the entrance of the Meeting Tent in front of the Lord, ·put [lay] his hand on its head [1:4], and ·kill [slaughter] it before the Lord. ⁵ Then the ·appointed [^Lanointed] priest must bring some of the bull’s blood into the Meeting Tent. ⁶ The priest is to dip his finger into the blood and ·sprinkle [dash] it seven times before the Lord in front of the curtain of the ·Most Holy Place [sanctuary]. ⁷ The priest must also put some of the blood on the ·corners [^Lhorns; Ex. 27:2] of the altar of incense that stands before the Lord in the Meeting Tent. The rest of the blood he must pour out at the ·bottom [base; foundation] of the altar of burnt offering, which is at the entrance of the Meeting Tent. ⁸ He must remove all the fat from the bull of the ·sin [or purification; 4:3] offering—the fat on and around the inner organs, ⁹ both kidneys with the fat that is on them near the ·lower back muscle [loins], and the ·best part [appendage] of the liver which he will remove with the kidneys. ¹⁰ (He must do this in the same way the fat is removed from the bull of the ·fellowship [peace; well-being] offering [3:3–4].) Then the priest must ·burn [^Lturn into smoke] the animal parts on the altar of burnt offering. ¹¹ But the priest must carry off the skin of the bull and all its meat, along with the rest of the bull—its head, legs, intestines, and other inner organs. ¹² He must take it outside the camp to the special clean [^Cin a ritual sense] place where the ashes are poured out. He must burn it on a wood fire on the pile of ashes.

¹³ “‘If the whole ·nation [congregation; assembly] of Israel sins ·accidentally [inadvertently; unintentionally; 4:2] ·without knowing it [^Land the matter is hidden from the eyes of the assembly/crowd] and does something the Lord has commanded not to be done, they are guilty. ¹⁴ When they learn about the sin they have done, they must offer a young bull as a ·sin [or purification] offering [4:3] and bring it before the Meeting Tent. ¹⁵ The elders of the ·group of people [congregation; assembly] must ·put [lay; 1:4] their hands on the bull’s head before the Lord, and it must be ·killed [slaughtered] before the Lord. ¹⁶ Then the ·appointed [^Lanointed] priest must bring some of the bull’s blood into the Meeting Tent. ¹⁷ Dipping his finger in the blood, he must ·sprinkle [dash] it seven times before the Lord in front of the curtain. ¹⁸ Then he must put some of the blood on the ·corners [horns; Ex. 27:2] of the altar that is before the Lord in the Meeting Tent. The priest must pour out the rest of the blood at the ·bottom [base; foundation] of the altar of burnt offering, which is at the entrance to the Meeting Tent. ¹⁹ He must remove all the fat from the animal and ·burn it [^Lturn it into smoke] on the altar; ²⁰ he will do the same thing with this bull that he did with the first bull of the ·sin [or purification] offering [4:3]. In this way the priest ·removes the sins of the people so they will belong to the Lord and [^Latones for them and they will] be forgiven. ²¹ Then the priest must carry the bull outside the camp and burn it, just as he did with the first bull. This is the ·sin [or purification] offering [4:3] for the whole ·community [assembly; crowd].

²² “‘If a ·ruler [leader; prince] sins ·by accident [inadvertently; unintentionally; 4:2] and does something the Lord his God has commanded must not be done, he is guilty. ²³ When he learns about his sin, he must bring a male goat that ·has nothing wrong [is unblemished] with it as his ·offering [gift]. ²⁴ The ·ruler [leader; prince] must ·put [lay; 1:4] his hand on the goat’s head and ·kill [slaughter] it in the place where they ·kill [slaughter] the whole burnt offering before the Lord; it is a ·sin [purification] offering [4:3]. ²⁵ The priest must take some of the blood of the ·sin [purification] offering [4:3] on his finger and put it on the ·corners [horns; Ex. 27:2] of the altar of burnt offering. He must pour out the rest of the blood at the ·bottom [base; foundation] of the altar of burnt offering. ²⁶ He must ·burn [^Lturn into smoke] all the goat’s fat on the altar in the same way he ·burns [^Lturns into smoke] the fat of the ·fellowship [peace; well-being] offerings [3:3–4]. In this way the priest ·removes the ruler’s sin so he belongs to the Lord, and the Lord will forgive him [^Lmakes atonement for him and he is forgiven].

²⁷ “‘If any ·person in the community [ordinary/private/lay person; ^Lof the people of the land] sins ·by accident [inadvertently; unintentionally; 4:2] and does something which the Lord has commanded must not be done, he is guilty. ²⁸ When the person learns about his sin, he must bring a female goat ·that has nothing wrong with it [unblemished] as an ·offering [gift] for his sin. ²⁹ He must ·put [lay] his hand on the animal’s head [1:4] and ·kill [slaughter] it at the place of the whole burnt offering. ³⁰ Then the priest must take some of the goat’s blood on his finger and put it on the ·corners [horns; Ex. 27:2] of the altar of burnt offering. He must pour out the rest of the goat’s blood at the ·bottom [base; foundation] of the altar. ³¹ Then the priest must remove all the goat’s fat in the same way the fat is removed from the ·fellowship [peace; well-being] offerings [3:3–4]. He must ·burn it [^Lturn it into smoke] on the altar as a smell pleasing to the Lord. In this way the priest ·will remove that person’s sin so he will belong to the Lord, and the Lord will forgive him [^Lmakes atonement for him and he is forgiven].

³² “‘If this person brings a lamb as his ·offering [gift] for sin, he must bring a female ·that has nothing wrong with it [unblemished]. ³³ He must ·put [lay] his hand on the animal’s head [1:4] and ·kill [slaughter] it as a ·sin [or purification] offering [4:3] in the place where the whole burnt offering is ·killed [slaughtered]. ³⁴ The priest must take some of the blood from the sin offering on his finger and put it on the ·corners [horns; Ex. 27:2] of the altar of burnt offering. He must pour out the rest of the lamb’s blood at the ·bottom [base; foundation] of the altar. ³⁵ Then the priest must remove all the lamb’s fat in the same way that the lamb’s fat is removed from the ·fellowship [peace; well-being] offerings [3:3–4]. He must ·burn the pieces on the altar [^Lturn them into smoke] on top of the offerings made by fire for the Lord. In this way the priest ·will remove that person’s sins so he will belong to the Lord, and the Lord will forgive him [^Lmakes atonement for him and he is forgiven].

Special Types of Accidental Sins

5 “‘If a person ·is ordered to tell in court [^Lhears a public oath and he has been a witness of] what he has seen or what he knows and he does not ·tell the court [^Lmake it known], he is guilty of sin.

² “‘Or someone might touch something unclean, such as the dead body of an unclean wild animal or an unclean farm animal or an unclean crawling animal [11:24–28, 32–40]. Even if he does not know that he touched it, he will still be unclean and guilty of sin.

³ “‘Someone might touch human uncleanness—anything that makes someone unclean—and not know it. But when he learns about it, he will be guilty.

⁴ “‘Or someone might make a promise before the Lord ·without thinking [rashly]. It might be a [rash] promise to do something bad or something good; it might be about anything. Even if he forgets about it, when he remembers, he will be guilty [Deut. 23:22–23; Eccl. 5:4].

⁵ “‘When anyone is guilty of any of these things, he must ·tell how he sinned [^Lconfess his sin]. ⁶ He must bring an offering to the Lord as a penalty for sin; it must be a female lamb or goat from the flock. The priest will ·perform the acts to remove that person’s sin so he will belong to the Lord [^Lmake atonement for his sin].

⁷ “‘But if the person cannot afford a lamb, he must bring two ·doves [turtledoves] or two young pigeons to the Lord as the penalty for his sin. One bird must be for a ·sin [or purification] offering [4:3], and the other must be for a whole burnt offering [1:1–17]. ⁸ He must bring them to the priest, who will first offer the one for the ·sin [or purification] offering [4:3]. He will ·pull [wring] the bird’s head from its neck, but he will not ·pull it completely off [sever it]. ⁹ He must ·sprinkle [dash] the blood from the ·sin [purification] offering [4:3] on the side of the altar, and then he must pour the rest of the blood at the ·bottom [base; foundation] of the altar; it is a ·sin [or purification] offering [4:3]. ¹⁰ Then the priest must offer the second bird as a whole burnt offering, as the ·law [regulation] says [1:14–17]. In this way the priest ·will remove the person’s sin so he will belong to the Lord, and the Lord will forgive him [^Lmakes atonement for him and he is forgiven].

¹¹ “‘If the person cannot afford two ·doves [turtledoves] or two pigeons, he must bring about ·two quarts of [^Lone-tenth of an ephah of] ·fine [choice] flour as an ·offering for sin [purification offering; 4:3]. He must not put oil or ·incense [frankincense] on the flour, because it is a ·sin [or purification] offering. ¹² He must bring the flour to the priest. The priest will take a handful of the flour as a memorial offering and burn it on the altar on top of the offerings made by fire to the Lord; it is a ·sin [or purification] offering [4:3]. ¹³ In this way the priest ·will remove the person’s sins so he will belong to the Lord, and the Lord will forgive him [^Lmakes atonement for him and he will be forgiven]. What is left of the sin offering belongs to the priest, like the ·grain [^Lgift; tribute] offering [2:10].’”