Footnotes

1. Judges 10:6 tn Heb “in the eyes of the Lord.”
2. Judges 10:6 tn Or “served;” or “followed.”
3. Judges 10:6 sn The Ashtoreths were local manifestations of the goddess Astarte.
4. Judges 10:6 tn Heb “the gods of Syria, the gods of Sidon, the gods of Moab, the gods of the Ammonites, and the gods of the Philistines.”
5. Judges 10:6 tn Or “serve”; or “follow.”
6. Judges 10:7 tn Or “the Lord’s anger burned [or “raged”] against Israel.”
7. Judges 10:7 tn Heb “sold them into the hands of.”
8. Judges 10:8 tn Heb “shattered and crushed.” The repetition of similar sounding synonyms (רָעַץ [raʿats] and רָצַץ [ratsats]) is for emphasis; רָצַץ appears in the Polel, adding further emphasis to the affirmation.
9. Judges 10:8 tn The phrase שְׁמֹנֶה עֶשְׂרֵה שָׁנָה (sh^emoneh ʿesreh shanah) could be translated “eighteen years,” but this would be difficult after the reference to “that year.” It is possible that v. 8b is parenthetical, referring to an eighteen year long period of oppression east of the Jordan which culminated in hostilities against all Israel (including Judah, see v. 9) in the eighteenth year. It is simpler to translate the phrase as an ordinal number, though the context does not provide the point of reference. (See Gen 14:4-5 and R. G. Boling, Judges [AB], 191-92.) In this case, the following statement specifies which “Israelites” are in view.
10. Judges 10:9 tn Heb “the house of Ephraim.”
11. Judges 10:9 tn Or “Israel experienced great distress.” Perhaps here the verb has the nuance “hemmed in.”