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The Kings Conquered by Joshua

12 These are the kings of the land whom the Israelites[a] defeated, and of whose land they took possession beyond the Jordon to the east,[b] from the wadi[c] of Arnon up to Mount Hermon, and all the Arabah[d] to the east: Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is on the edge of the wadi[e] of Arnon, from the middle of the valley and half of Gilead, up to the Jabbok River,[f] which marks the border of the Ammonites;[g] and the Arabah[h] up to the Kinnereth Sea[i] to the east, and as far as the sea of Arabah, the Salt Sea[j] to the east, in the direction of[k] Beth Jeshimoth, and to the area southward, at the foot of[l] the slopes of Pisgah;[m] the territory of Og king of Bashan, one of the last of the Rephaites, who lived at Ashtaroth and Edrei and ruled over Mount Hermon and Salecah and over all Bashan up to the border of the Geshurites[n] and the Maacathites,[o] and half of Gilead, as far as the border of Sihon king of Heshbon. Moses Yahweh’s servant and the Israelites[p] defeated them; and Moses Yahweh’s servant gave it as a possession to the Reubenites,[q] the Gadites,[r] and the half-tribe of Manasseh.

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Footnotes

  1. Joshua 12:1 Literally “sons/children of Israel”
  2. Joshua 12:1 Literally “to the rising of the sun”
  3. Joshua 12:1 A valley that is dry most of the year, but contains a stream during the rainy season
  4. Joshua 12:1 A dry region that runs south of the Sea of Galilee along the Jordan Valley
  5. Joshua 12:2 A valley that is dry most of the year, but contains a stream during the rainy season
  6. Joshua 12:2 Literally “Jabbok the wadi”
  7. Joshua 12:2 Literally “sons of Ammon” or “children of Ammon”
  8. Joshua 12:3 A dry region that runs south of the Sea of Galilee along the Jordan Valley
  9. Joshua 12:3 That is, the Sea of Galilee
  10. Joshua 12:3 That is, the Dead Sea
  11. Joshua 12:3 Literally “the way of”
  12. Joshua 12:3 Literally “under”
  13. Joshua 12:3 Or Ashdoth Pisgah
  14. Joshua 12:5 Hebrew “Geshurite”
  15. Joshua 12:5 Hebrew “Maacathite”
  16. Joshua 12:6 Literally “sons/children of Israel”
  17. Joshua 12:6 Hebrew “Reubenite”
  18. Joshua 12:6 Hebrew “Gadite”