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23 Listen to me;
    listen, and pay close attention.
24 Does a farmer always plow and never sow?
    Is he forever cultivating the soil and never planting?
25 Does he not finally plant his seeds—
    black cumin, cumin, wheat, barley, and emmer wheat—
each in its proper way,
    and each in its proper place?
26 The farmer knows just what to do,
    for God has given him understanding.
27 A heavy sledge is never used to thresh black cumin;
    rather, it is beaten with a light stick.
A threshing wheel is never rolled on cumin;
    instead, it is beaten lightly with a flail.
28 Grain for bread is easily crushed,
    so he doesn’t keep on pounding it.
He threshes it under the wheels of a cart,
    but he doesn’t pulverize it.
29 The Lord of Heaven’s Armies is a wonderful teacher,
    and he gives the farmer great wisdom.

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Plowing and threshing

23 Listen and hear my voice;
    pay attention and hear my word:
24 Does the plowman plow without stopping for planting,
    opening and harrowing their ground?
25 When he has smoothed its surface,
    doesn’t he scatter fennel,[a] and sow cumin,
    and plant wheat and barley in their places,
    and spelt as a border?
26 They are properly ordered;
    their God directs them.[b]
27 Fennel[c] isn’t threshed with a threshing sledge,
    nor is a cart wheel rolled over cumin,
    but fennel[d] is beaten with a staff,
    and cumin with a rod.
28 Bread grain is crushed,
    but the thresher[e] doesn’t thresh it forever.
    He drives the cart wheel over it;
        he spreads it out but doesn’t crush it.
29 This also comes from the Lord of heavenly forces,
    who gives wondrous counsel and increases wisdom.

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Footnotes

  1. Isaiah 28:25 Or black cumin
  2. Isaiah 28:26 Or waters them
  3. Isaiah 28:27 Or black cumin
  4. Isaiah 28:27 Or black cumin
  5. Isaiah 28:28 DSS (1QIsaa)