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Covenant Stipulations

10 And he said, “Look, I am about to make a covenant. In front of all your people I will do wonders that have not been created on all the earth and among all the nations, and all the people among whom you are will see Yahweh’s work, because what I am about to do with you will be awesome.

11 “Keep for yourself what I myself have commanded you today. Look, I am about to drive from before you the Amorites and the Canaanites[a] and the Hittites[b] and the Perizzites[c] and the Hivites[d] and the Jebusites.[e] 12 Be careful for yourself, lest you make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land to which you are going, lest it be a snare among you. 13 Rather, you will tear down their altars, and you will break their stone pillars, and you will cut off their Asherah poles. 14 For you will not bow in worship to another god, for ‘Yahweh Is Jealous’ is his name, he is a jealous God, 15 lest you make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, and they prostitute themselves after their gods, and they sacrifice to their gods, and they invite you, and you eat their sacrifice, 16 and you take from their daughters for your sons, and their daughters prostitute themselves after their gods, and they cause your sons to prostitute themselves after their gods. 17 You will not make gods of cast metal for yourself.

18 “You will keep the Feast of Unleavened Bread. Seven days you will eat unleavened bread, which I commanded you, at the appointed time of the month of Abib, for in the month of Abib you came out from Egypt. 19 Every first offspring of a womb is for me—all of your male livestock, the first offspring of cattle and small livestock. 20 But the first offspring of a donkey you will redeem with small livestock, and if you will not redeem it, you will break its neck. Every firstborn of your sons you will redeem, and you will not appear before me empty-handed. 21 Six days you will work, and on the seventh day you will rest; in the time of plowing and in the time of harvest you will rest. 22 And you yourself[f] will observe the Feast of Weeks—the firstfruits of the wheat harvest—and the Feast of Harvest Gathering at the turn of the year. 23 Three times in the year all your males will appear before the Lord, Yahweh, the God of Israel, 24 because I will evict nations before you, and I will enlarge your territory, and no one will covet your land when you go up to appear before Yahweh your God three times in the year.

25 “You will not slaughter the blood of my sacrifice on food with yeast, and the sacrifice of the Feast of the Passover will not stay overnight to the morning. 26 The beginning of the firstfruits of your land you will bring to the house of Yahweh your God. You will not boil a young goat[g] in its mother’s milk.”

27 And Yahweh said to Moses, “Write for yourself these words, because according to[h] these words I have made a covenant with you and with Israel.”

The Shining Face of Moses

28 And he was there with Yahweh forty days and forty nights. He ate no food and drank no water. And he wrote on the tablets the words of the covenant, the ten words.

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Footnotes

  1. Exodus 34:11 Hebrew “Canaanite”
  2. Exodus 34:11 Hebrew “Hittite”
  3. Exodus 34:11 Hebrew “Perizzite”
  4. Exodus 34:11 Hebrew “Hivite”
  5. Exodus 34:11 Hebrew “Jebusite”
  6. Exodus 34:22 Literally “for yourself” or “as for you, you will observe”
  7. Exodus 34:26 Or “kid”
  8. Exodus 34:27 Literally “on the mouth of”

Covenant Obligations

10 And the Lord responded: “Look, I am making a covenant. I will perform wonders in the presence of all your people[a] that have never been done[b] in all the earth or in any nation. All the people you live among will see the Lord’s work, for what I am doing with you is awe-inspiring.(A) 11 Observe what I command you today. I am going to drive out before you the Amorites, Canaanites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites,[c] and Jebusites. 12 Be careful not to make a treaty with the inhabitants of the land that you are going to enter; otherwise, they will become a snare among you.(B) 13 Instead, you must tear down their altars, smash their sacred pillars, and chop down their Asherah poles.(C) 14 You are never to bow down to another god because Yahweh, being jealous(D) by nature,[d] is a jealous God.

15 “Do not make a treaty with the inhabitants of the land, or else when they prostitute themselves with their gods and sacrifice to their gods, they will invite you, and you will eat their sacrifices.(E) 16 Then you will take some of their daughters as brides for your sons. Their daughters will prostitute themselves with their gods and cause your sons to prostitute themselves with their gods.(F)

17 “Do not make cast images(G) of gods for yourselves.

18 “Observe the Festival of Unleavened Bread. You are to eat unleavened bread for seven days at the appointed time in the month of Abib[e] as I commanded you. For you came out of Egypt in the month of Abib.(H)

19 “The firstborn(I) male from every womb belongs to Me, including all your male[f][g] livestock, the firstborn of cattle or sheep. 20 You must redeem the firstborn of a donkey with a sheep, but if you do not redeem it, break its neck.(J) You must redeem all the firstborn of your sons. No one is to appear before Me empty-handed.

21 “You are to labor six days but you must rest(K) on the seventh day; you must even rest during plowing and harvesting times.

22 “Observe the Festival of Weeks with the firstfruits of the wheat harvest, and the Festival of Ingathering[h] at the turn of the agricultural year. 23 Three times a year(L) all your males are to appear before the Lord God, the God of Israel. 24 For I will drive out nations(M) before you and enlarge your territory.(N) No one will covet your land when you go up three times a year to appear before the Lord your God.

25 “Do not present[i] the blood for My sacrifice with anything leavened. The sacrifice of the Passover Festival must not remain until morning.(O)

26 “Bring the best firstfruits(P) of your land to the house of the Lord your God.

“You must not boil a young goat in its mother’s milk.”

27 The Lord also said to Moses, “Write(Q) down these words, for I have made a covenant with you and with Israel based on these words.”

28 Moses was there with the Lord 40 days and 40 nights; he did not eat bread or drink water. He wrote the Ten Commandments,(R) the words of the covenant, on the tablets.

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Footnotes

  1. Exodus 34:10 Lit in all nations
  2. Exodus 34:10 Lit created
  3. Exodus 34:11 DSS, Sam, LXX add Girgashites
  4. Exodus 34:14 Lit Yahweh—His name is Jealous, or Yahweh is jealous for His name, He
  5. Exodus 34:18 March–April; called Nisan in the post-exilic period; Neh 2:1; Est 3:7
  6. Exodus 34:19 LXX, Theod, Vg, Tg read males
  7. Exodus 34:19 Hb obscure
  8. Exodus 34:22 The Festival of Ingathering is called Festival of Booths elsewhere; Lv 23:34-36.
  9. Exodus 34:25 Lit slaughter