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God was also offended by it,[a] so he attacked Israel.

David said to God, “I have sinned greatly by doing this! Now, please remove the guilt of your servant, for I have acted very foolishly.” The Lord told Gad, David’s prophet,[b] 10 “Go, tell David, ‘This is what the Lord says: “I am offering you three forms of judgment from which to choose. Pick one of them.”’”[c] 11 Gad went to David and told him, “This is what the Lord says: ‘Pick one of these: 12 three[d] years of famine, or three months being chased by your enemies and struck down by their swords,[e] or three days being struck down by the Lord, during which a plague will invade the land and the angel of the Lord will destroy throughout Israel’s territory.’[f] Now, decide what I should tell the one who sent me.” 13 David said to Gad, “I am very upset! I prefer to be attacked by the Lord, for his mercy is very great; I do not want to be attacked by men!”[g] 14 So the Lord sent a plague through Israel, and 70,000 Israelite men died.

15 God sent an angel[h] to ravage[i] Jerusalem. As he was doing so,[j] the Lord watched[k] and relented from[l] his judgment.[m] He told the angel who was destroying, “That’s enough![n] Stop now!”[o]

Now the angel of the Lord was standing near the threshing floor of Ornan[p] the Jebusite. 16 David looked up and saw the angel of the Lord standing between the earth and sky with his sword drawn and in his hand, stretched out over Jerusalem. David and the leaders, covered with sackcloth, threw themselves down with their faces to the ground.[q] 17 David said to God, “Was I not the one who decided to number the army? I am the one who sinned and committed this awful deed![r] As for these sheep—what have they done? O Lord my God, attack me and my family,[s] but remove the plague from your people!”[t]

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Footnotes

  1. 1 Chronicles 21:7 tn Heb “There was displeasure in the eyes of God concerning this thing.”
  2. 1 Chronicles 21:9 tn Heb “seer.”
  3. 1 Chronicles 21:10 tn Heb “Three I am extending to you; choose for yourself one of them and I will do it to you.”
  4. 1 Chronicles 21:12 tc The parallel text in the MT of 2 Sam 24:13 has “seven,” but LXX has “three” there.
  5. 1 Chronicles 21:12 tc Heb “or three months being swept away from before your enemies and the sword of your enemies overtaking.” The Hebrew term נִסְפֶּה (nispeh, Niphal participle from סָפָה, safah) should probably be emended to נֻסְכָה (nusekhah, Qal infinitive from נוּס [nus] with second masculine singular suffix). See 2 Sam 24:13.
  6. 1 Chronicles 21:12 tn Heb “or three days of the sword of the Lord and plague in the land, and the angel of the Lord destroying in all the territory of Israel.”
  7. 1 Chronicles 21:13 tn Heb “There is great distress to me; let me fall into the hand of the Lord, for his mercy is very great, but into the hand of men let me not fall.”
  8. 1 Chronicles 21:15 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 24:15 reports that God sent a plague, while 24:16-17 attributes this to the instrumentality of an angel.
  9. 1 Chronicles 21:15 tn Or “destroy.”
  10. 1 Chronicles 21:15 tn Heb “while he was destroying.”
  11. 1 Chronicles 21:15 tn Or “saw.”
  12. 1 Chronicles 21:15 tn Or “was grieved because of.”
  13. 1 Chronicles 21:15 tn Heb “concerning the calamity.”
  14. 1 Chronicles 21:15 tn For this nuance of the Hebrew word רַב (rav), see BDB 913 s.v. 1.f.
  15. 1 Chronicles 21:15 tn Heb “Now, drop your hand.”
  16. 1 Chronicles 21:15 tn In the parallel text in 2 Sam 24:16 this individual is called אֲרַוְנָא (ʾaravnaʾ, “Aravna”), traditionally “Araunah.” The form of the name found here also occurs in vv. 18-28.
  17. 1 Chronicles 21:16 tn Heb “and David and the elders, covered with sackcloth, fell on their faces.”
  18. 1 Chronicles 21:17 tn “and doing evil I did evil.” The infinitive absolute precedes the finite form of the verb for emphasis.
  19. 1 Chronicles 21:17 tn Heb “let your hand be on me and on the house of my father.”
  20. 1 Chronicles 21:17 tn Heb “but on your people not for a plague.”

This command was also evil in the sight of God; so he punished Israel.

Then David said to God, “I have sinned greatly by doing this. Now, I beg you, take away the guilt of your servant. I have done a very foolish thing.”

The Lord said to Gad,(A) David’s seer,(B) 10 “Go and tell David, ‘This is what the Lord says: I am giving you three options. Choose one of them for me to carry out against you.’”

11 So Gad went to David and said to him, “This is what the Lord says: ‘Take your choice: 12 three years of famine,(C) three months of being swept away[a] before your enemies, with their swords overtaking you, or three days of the sword(D) of the Lord(E)—days of plague in the land, with the angel of the Lord ravaging every part of Israel.’ Now then, decide how I should answer the one who sent me.”

13 David said to Gad, “I am in deep distress. Let me fall into the hands of the Lord, for his mercy(F) is very great; but do not let me fall into human hands.”

14 So the Lord sent a plague on Israel, and seventy thousand men of Israel fell dead.(G) 15 And God sent an angel(H) to destroy Jerusalem.(I) But as the angel was doing so, the Lord saw it and relented(J) concerning the disaster and said to the angel who was destroying(K) the people, “Enough! Withdraw your hand.” The angel of the Lord was then standing at the threshing floor of Araunah[b] the Jebusite.

16 David looked up and saw the angel of the Lord standing between heaven and earth, with a drawn sword in his hand extended over Jerusalem. Then David and the elders, clothed in sackcloth, fell facedown.(L)

17 David said to God, “Was it not I who ordered the fighting men to be counted? I, the shepherd,[c] have sinned and done wrong. These are but sheep.(M) What have they done? Lord my God, let your hand fall on me and my family,(N) but do not let this plague remain on your people.”

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Footnotes

  1. 1 Chronicles 21:12 Hebrew; Septuagint and Vulgate (see also 2 Samuel 24:13) of fleeing
  2. 1 Chronicles 21:15 Hebrew Ornan, a variant of Araunah; also in verses 18-28
  3. 1 Chronicles 21:17 Probable reading of the original Hebrew text (see 2 Samuel 24:17 and note); Masoretic Text does not have the shepherd.