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Romans 12-16
Evangelical Heritage Version

Offer Your Bodies to God as Living Sacrifices

12 Therefore I urge you, brothers,[a] by the mercies of God, to offer your bodies as a living sacrifice—holy and pleasing to God—which is your appropriate worship. 2 Also, do not continue to conform to the pattern of this world, but be transformed by the renewal of your mind, so that you test and approve what is the will of God—what is good, pleasing, and perfect.

Humbly Use the Gifts God Gave You

3 So by the grace given to me, I tell everyone among you not to think of yourself more highly than you ought, but think in a way that results in sound judgment, as God distributed a measure of faith to each of you. 4 For we have many members in one body, and not all the members have the same function. 5 In the same way, though we are many, we are one body in Christ, and individually members of one another.

6 We have different gifts, according to the grace God has given us. If the gift is prophecy, do it in complete agreement with the faith.[b] 7 If it is serving, then serve. If it is teaching, then teach. 8 If it is encouraging, then encourage. If it is contributing, be generous. If it is leadership, be diligent. If it is showing mercy, do it cheerfully.

Guidelines for Christian Living

9 Do not just pretend to love others. Hate what is evil. Cling to what is good. 10 Be devoted to one another with brotherly love. Think of others as deserving more honor than yourselves. 11 Do not be lagging behind in zeal, but be fervent in spirit, as you continue to serve the Lord. 12 Be joyful in hope. Endure trials patiently. Persist in prayer. 13 Share with the saints who are in need. Be quick to welcome strangers as guests.

14 Bless those who persecute you; bless, and do not curse. 15 Rejoice with those who are rejoicing; weep with those who are weeping. 16 Have the same respect for one another. Do not be arrogant, but associate with the humble. Do not think too highly of yourselves.

17 Do not pay anyone back evil for evil. Focus on those things that everyone considers noble. 18 If it is possible, as far as it depends on you, maintain peace with everyone. 19 Do not take revenge, dear friends, but leave room for God’s wrath. For it is written, “Vengeance is mine; I will repay,”[c] says the Lord. 20 But:

If your enemy is hungry, feed him;
if he is thirsty, give him a drink.
For by doing this, you will heap burning coals on his head.[d]

21 Do not be overcome by evil, but overcome evil with good.

Governments Are Established by God

13 Everyone must submit to the governing authorities. For no authority exists except by God, and the authorities that do exist have been established by God. 2 Therefore the one who rebels against the authority is opposing God’s institution, and those who oppose will bring judgment on themselves.

3 For rulers are not a terror to good conduct, but to evil. Would you like to have no fear of the one in authority? Do what is good, and you will receive praise from him, 4 because he is God’s servant for your benefit. But if you do wrong, be afraid, because he does not carry the sword without reason. He is God’s servant, a punisher to bring wrath on the wrongdoer. 5 Therefore it is necessary to submit, not only because of wrath, but also because of conscience.

6 For this reason you also pay taxes, because the authorities are God’s ministers, who are employed to do this very thing. 7 Pay what you owe to all of them: taxes to whom taxes are owed, revenue to whom revenue is owed, respect to whom respect is owed, and honor to whom honor is owed.

Love One Another

8 Do not owe anyone anything except to love one another, for the one who loves another has fulfilled the law. 9 For the commandments—do not commit adultery, do not murder, do not steal,[e] do not covet[f] (and if there is any other commandment)—are summed up in this statement: “Love your neighbor as yourself.”[g] 10 Love does no harm to a neighbor, so love is the fulfillment of the law.

The End of the World Is Approaching

11 And do this since you understand the present time. It is already the hour for you to wake up from sleep, because our salvation is nearer now than when we first believed. 12 The night is almost over, and the day is drawing near. So let us put away the deeds of darkness and put on the weapons of light. 13 Let us walk decently as in the daytime, not in carousing and drunkenness, not in sexual sin and wild living, not in strife and jealousy. 14 Instead, clothe yourselves with the Lord Jesus Christ, and do not give any thought to satisfying the desires of your sinful flesh.

Strong and Weak Christians Both Belong to the Lord

14 Accept a person who is weak in faith, and do not pass judgment on things that are just a difference of opinion. 2 One person believes it is right to eat anything. Another person who is weak eats only vegetables. 3 The one who eats everything should not look down on the person who does not do so, and the one who does not eat everything should not judge the person who does, because God has accepted him. 4 Who are you to pass judgment on someone else’s servant? It is up to his master to decide whether that servant stands or falls. And he will stand, because God[h] is able to make him stand.

5 One person values one day above another. Another person values every day the same. Let each person be fully convinced in his own mind. 6 The person who honors a certain day does this for the Lord, and the person who eats does this for the Lord, because he gives thanks to God. And the person who does not eat does this for the Lord and gives thanks to God.

7 In fact, not one of us lives for himself, and not one dies for himself. 8 Indeed, if we live, we live for the Lord, and if we die, we die for the Lord. So whether we live or die, we belong to the Lord. 9 For this reason he died, rose,[i] and lived, to be Lord of both the dead and the living.

Do Not Cause a Weak Christian to Stumble in Faith

10 But you, why do you pass judgment on your brother? And you, why do you look down on your brother? For we will all stand before God’s[j] judgment seat. 11 Indeed, it is written:

As I live, says the Lord,
every knee will bow to me,
and every tongue will acknowledge God.[k]

12 So then, each of us will give an account of himself to God.

13 Therefore, let us stop passing judgment on one another. Instead, resolve never to put an obstacle or a snare in the path of your brother. 14 I know, and I am convinced in the Lord Jesus, that nothing is unclean in and of itself, but it becomes unclean for the one who considers it to be unclean. 15 For example, if your brother is offended because of the food you eat, you are no longer walking in line with love. Do not destroy that person for whom Christ died by the food you eat! 16 So do not give others a reason to speak evil about what you consider good.

17 For the kingdom of God does not consist of eating and drinking, but of righteousness and peace and joy in the Holy Spirit. 18 Certainly a person who serves Christ in this way is pleasing to God and has the approval of people. 19 Consequently, let us pursue those things that lead to peace and building up one another.

20 Do not tear down God’s work for the sake of food. Everything is pure, but it is wrong for a person to eat if it causes anyone to stumble. 21 It is good not to eat meat or drink wine or do anything if it causes your brother to stumble.

22 Keep the conviction that you have in these matters between yourself and God. Blessed is the one who does not condemn himself by what he approves. 23 But the one who has doubts is condemned if he eats, because it does not proceed from faith.[l] Everything that does not proceed from faith[m] is sin.

Serve One Another As Christ Served You

15 We who are strong have an obligation to bear with the weaknesses of those who are not strong, and not just to please ourselves. 2 Each of us should please his neighbor for the good purpose of building him up. 3 For even Christ did not please himself, but as it is written: “The insults of those who are insulting you fell on me.”[n]

4 Indeed, whatever was written in the past was written for our instruction, so that, through patient endurance and the encouragement of the Scriptures, we would have hope. 5 And may God, the source of patient endurance and encouragement, grant that you agree with one another in accordance with Christ Jesus, 6 so that with one mind, in one voice, you may glorify the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ.

7 For this reason, accept one another as Christ also accepted you to the glory of God. 8 For I am saying that Christ became a servant of those who are circumcised for the sake of God’s truth, to confirm the promises made to the patriarchs. 9 He also did this so that the Gentiles would glorify God for his mercy, as it is written:

For this reason I will praise you among the Gentiles,
and I will sing to your name.[o]

10 And again it says:

Rejoice, you Gentiles, with his people.[p]

11 And again:

Praise the Lord, all you Gentiles,
and let all the peoples give him praise.[q]

12 And again Isaiah says:
There will be a Root of Jesse,
and he is the one who will rise up to rule the Gentiles;
on him the Gentiles will place their hope.[r]

13 Now may the God of hope fill you with complete joy and peace as you continue to believe, so that you overflow with hope by the power of the Holy Spirit.

Paul’s Goal: To Bring Christ’s Name Where It Was Not Known

14 I myself am convinced about you, my brothers, that you yourselves are also full of goodness, filled with complete knowledge, and able to instruct one another. 15 But I have written a letter to you (rather boldly at times) as a reminder to you, because of the grace God has given me 16 to be a public minister of Christ Jesus to the Gentiles. I am to do the priestly work of proclaiming the gospel of God so that the Gentiles would be an acceptable offering, sanctified by the Holy Spirit.

17 Therefore I have a reason to boast in Christ Jesus about my service to God. 18 For I will not dare to speak about anything except those things Christ accomplished through me that resulted in the Gentiles’ obedience. Christ accomplished them by word and deed, 19 along with the power of signs and wonders done by the power of God’s[s] Spirit. As a result, I have fully proclaimed the gospel of Christ from Jerusalem all the way around to Illyricum. 20 And so I consider it an honor to proclaim the gospel where Christ’s name is not known, so that I may not build on another man’s foundation. 21 Instead, as it is written:

Those who were not told about him will see,
and those who have not heard will understand.[t]

Paul Hopes to Come to Rome on His Way to Spain

22 This is also the reason I have been prevented many times from coming to you. 23 But now I no longer have a place to work in these regions, and I have longed for many years to come to you. 24 So when I go to Spain, I hope to visit you on my way. After I have enjoyed being with you for a while, I hope that you will help me on my journey there.

25 Right now I am going to Jerusalem bringing assistance[u] to the saints. 26 For Macedonia and Achaia were pleased to make a certain contribution for the poor among the saints in Jerusalem. 27 Indeed, they were pleased to do this and, to be sure, they are indebted to them. For if the Gentiles have come to share in their spiritual things, then the Gentiles owe it to them to serve them with material things.

28 So, after I complete this project by delivering this fruit safely to them, I will set out for Spain and visit you on the way. 29 And I know that when I come to you, I will arrive with the full blessing of Christ.[v]

30 Now I urge you, brothers, through our Lord Jesus Christ and through the love of the Spirit, to struggle with me in prayers to God on my behalf. 31 Pray that I may be rescued from those in Judea who are disobedient and that my service for Jerusalem may be acceptable to the saints, 32 so that by God’s will I may come to you in joy and be refreshed in your company.

33 May the God of peace be with you all. Amen.

Greetings to Christians in Rome

16 I commend to you our sister Phoebe, who is a servant of the church in Cenchrea. 2 Welcome her in the Lord in a manner that is worthy of saints, and assist her in whatever way she may need your help, for she has certainly been a helper for many people, including me.

3 Greet Prisca[w] and Aquila, my fellow workers in Christ Jesus, 4 who risked their necks for my life. I am not the only one who is thankful to them. All the churches of the Gentiles are as well.

5 Greet also the church that meets at their house.

Greet my dear friend Epenetus, who was the first convert to Christ in the province of Asia.

6 Greet Mary, who worked very hard for you.

7 Greet Andronicus and Junia,[x] my relatives and fellow prisoners, who are highly regarded by the apostles. They were in Christ before I was.

8 Greet Ampliatus, my dear friend in the Lord.

9 Greet Urbanus, our fellow worker in Christ, and my dear friend Stachys.

10 Greet Apelles, who was tested and approved in Christ.

Greet those who belong to the household of Aristobulus.

11 Greet Herodion, my relative.

Greet those from the household of Narcissus who are in the Lord.

12 Greet Tryphena and Tryphosa, who worked hard in the Lord.

Greet my dear friend Persis, who has worked very hard for the Lord.

13 Greet Rufus, chosen in the Lord, and his mother, who was a mother to me too.

14 Greet Asyncritus, Phlegon, Hermes, Patrobas, Hermas, and the brothers who are with them.

15 Greet Philologus, Julia, Nereus and his sister, and Olympas, and all the saints who are with them.

16 Greet one another with a holy kiss. All the churches of Christ greet you.

17 But I urge you, brothers, to watch out for those who cause divisions and offenses contrary to the teaching that you learned, and keep away from them. 18 For such people are not serving Christ our Lord but their own appetites.[y] By smooth talk and flattery, they seduce the hearts of the unsuspecting.

19 Your obedience has become known to everyone, so I am very joyful about you. But I want you to continue to be wise about what is good, and innocent about what is evil. 20 The God of peace will soon crush Satan under your feet. The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you.

Greetings From Those With Paul

21 Timothy, my coworker, greets you, along with Lucius, Jason, and Sosipater, my relatives.

22 I, Tertius, who wrote down this letter, greet you in the Lord.

23 Gaius, my host and the host of the whole church, greets you.

Erastus, the city treasurer, greets you, and Quartus, the brother.[z]

Doxology

25 Now to him who is able to strengthen you—

according to my gospel and the proclamation of Jesus Christ, according to the revelation of the mystery that was veiled in silence for long ages past, 26 but now has been revealed through the prophetic Scriptures and made known to all the Gentiles, in keeping with the command of the eternal God, resulting in the obedience of faith—

27 to God, who alone is wise, be glory forever through Jesus Christ. Amen.

Footnotes

  1. Romans 12:1 When context indicates it, the Greek word for brothers may refer to all fellow believers, male and female.
  2. Romans 12:6 Or in proportion to your faith
  3. Romans 12:19 Deuteronomy 32:35
  4. Romans 12:20 Proverbs 25:21,22
  5. Romans 13:9 Some witnesses to the text add do not give false testimony.
  6. Romans 13:9 Exodus 20:13-15,17; Deuteronomy 5:17-19,21
  7. Romans 13:9 Leviticus 19:18
  8. Romans 14:4 Some witnesses to the text read the Lord.
  9. Romans 14:9 Some witnesses to the text omit rose.
  10. Romans 14:10 Some witnesses to the text read Christ’s.
  11. Romans 14:11 Isaiah 45:23
  12. Romans 14:23 Or confidence, or conviction
  13. Romans 14:23 Or confidence, or conviction
  14. Romans 15:3 Psalm 69:9
  15. Romans 15:9 Psalm 18:49
  16. Romans 15:10 Deuteronomy 32:43
  17. Romans 15:11 Psalm 117:1
  18. Romans 15:12 Isaiah 11:10
  19. Romans 15:19 Some witnesses read the Holy.
  20. Romans 15:21 Isaiah 52:15
  21. Romans 15:25 Or ministering to the saints
  22. Romans 15:29 Some witnesses to the text read the full blessing of the gospel of Christ.
  23. Romans 16:3 She is called Priscilla in Acts 18:2.
  24. Romans 16:7 Or Junias, a masculine name. Some ancient interpreters considered Andronicus and Junia to be husband and wife.
  25. Romans 16:18 Literally stomach
  26. Romans 16:23 Some witnesses to the text add verse 24: May the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with all of you. Other witnesses add these words after verse 27.
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Romans 12-16
New International Version

A Living Sacrifice

12 Therefore, I urge you,(A) brothers and sisters, in view of God’s mercy, to offer your bodies as a living sacrifice,(B) holy and pleasing to God—this is your true and proper worship. 2 Do not conform(C) to the pattern of this world,(D) but be transformed by the renewing of your mind.(E) Then you will be able to test and approve what God’s will is(F)—his good, pleasing(G) and perfect will.

Humble Service in the Body of Christ

3 For by the grace given me(H) I say to every one of you: Do not think of yourself more highly than you ought, but rather think of yourself with sober judgment, in accordance with the faith God has distributed to each of you. 4 For just as each of us has one body with many members, and these members do not all have the same function,(I) 5 so in Christ we, though many, form one body,(J) and each member belongs to all the others. 6 We have different gifts,(K) according to the grace given to each of us. If your gift is prophesying,(L) then prophesy in accordance with your[a] faith;(M) 7 if it is serving, then serve; if it is teaching, then teach;(N) 8 if it is to encourage, then give encouragement;(O) if it is giving, then give generously;(P) if it is to lead,[b] do it diligently; if it is to show mercy, do it cheerfully.

Love in Action

9 Love must be sincere.(Q) Hate what is evil; cling to what is good.(R) 10 Be devoted to one another in love.(S) Honor one another above yourselves.(T) 11 Never be lacking in zeal, but keep your spiritual fervor,(U) serving the Lord. 12 Be joyful in hope,(V) patient in affliction,(W) faithful in prayer.(X) 13 Share with the Lord’s people who are in need.(Y) Practice hospitality.(Z)

14 Bless those who persecute you;(AA) bless and do not curse. 15 Rejoice with those who rejoice; mourn with those who mourn.(AB) 16 Live in harmony with one another.(AC) Do not be proud, but be willing to associate with people of low position.[c] Do not be conceited.(AD)

17 Do not repay anyone evil for evil.(AE) Be careful to do what is right in the eyes of everyone.(AF) 18 If it is possible, as far as it depends on you, live at peace with everyone.(AG) 19 Do not take revenge,(AH) my dear friends, but leave room for God’s wrath, for it is written: “It is mine to avenge; I will repay,”[d](AI) says the Lord. 20 On the contrary:

“If your enemy is hungry, feed him;
    if he is thirsty, give him something to drink.
In doing this, you will heap burning coals on his head.”[e](AJ)

21 Do not be overcome by evil, but overcome evil with good.

Submission to Governing Authorities

13 Let everyone be subject to the governing authorities,(AK) for there is no authority except that which God has established.(AL) The authorities that exist have been established by God. 2 Consequently, whoever rebels against the authority is rebelling against what God has instituted,(AM) and those who do so will bring judgment on themselves. 3 For rulers hold no terror for those who do right, but for those who do wrong. Do you want to be free from fear of the one in authority? Then do what is right and you will be commended.(AN) 4 For the one in authority is God’s servant for your good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, for rulers do not bear the sword for no reason. They are God’s servants, agents of wrath to bring punishment on the wrongdoer.(AO) 5 Therefore, it is necessary to submit to the authorities, not only because of possible punishment but also as a matter of conscience.(AP)

6 This is also why you pay taxes,(AQ) for the authorities are God’s servants, who give their full time to governing. 7 Give to everyone what you owe them: If you owe taxes, pay taxes;(AR) if revenue, then revenue; if respect, then respect; if honor, then honor.

Love Fulfills the Law

8 Let no debt remain outstanding, except the continuing debt to love one another, for whoever loves others has fulfilled the law.(AS) 9 The commandments, “You shall not commit adultery,” “You shall not murder,” “You shall not steal,” “You shall not covet,”[f](AT) and whatever other command there may be, are summed up(AU) in this one command: “Love your neighbor as yourself.”[g](AV) 10 Love does no harm to a neighbor. Therefore love is the fulfillment of the law.(AW)

The Day Is Near

11 And do this, understanding the present time: The hour has already come(AX) for you to wake up from your slumber,(AY) because our salvation is nearer now than when we first believed. 12 The night is nearly over; the day is almost here.(AZ) So let us put aside the deeds of darkness(BA) and put on the armor(BB) of light. 13 Let us behave decently, as in the daytime, not in carousing and drunkenness,(BC) not in sexual immorality and debauchery, not in dissension and jealousy.(BD) 14 Rather, clothe yourselves with the Lord Jesus Christ,(BE) and do not think about how to gratify the desires of the flesh.[h](BF)

The Weak and the Strong

14 Accept the one whose faith is weak,(BG) without quarreling over disputable matters. 2 One person’s faith allows them to eat anything, but another, whose faith is weak, eats only vegetables.(BH) 3 The one who eats everything must not treat with contempt(BI) the one who does not, and the one who does not eat everything must not judge(BJ) the one who does, for God has accepted them. 4 Who are you to judge someone else’s servant?(BK) To their own master, servants stand or fall. And they will stand, for the Lord is able to make them stand.

5 One person considers one day more sacred than another;(BL) another considers every day alike. Each of them should be fully convinced in their own mind. 6 Whoever regards one day as special does so to the Lord. Whoever eats meat does so to the Lord, for they give thanks to God;(BM) and whoever abstains does so to the Lord and gives thanks to God. 7 For none of us lives for ourselves alone,(BN) and none of us dies for ourselves alone. 8 If we live, we live for the Lord; and if we die, we die for the Lord. So, whether we live or die, we belong to the Lord.(BO) 9 For this very reason, Christ died and returned to life(BP) so that he might be the Lord of both the dead and the living.(BQ)

10 You, then, why do you judge your brother or sister[i]? Or why do you treat them with contempt?(BR) For we will all stand before God’s judgment seat.(BS) 11 It is written:

“‘As surely as I live,’(BT) says the Lord,
‘every knee will bow before me;
    every tongue will acknowledge God.’”[j](BU)

12 So then, each of us will give an account of ourselves to God.(BV)

13 Therefore let us stop passing judgment(BW) on one another. Instead, make up your mind not to put any stumbling block or obstacle in the way of a brother or sister.(BX) 14 I am convinced, being fully persuaded in the Lord Jesus, that nothing is unclean in itself.(BY) But if anyone regards something as unclean, then for that person it is unclean.(BZ) 15 If your brother or sister is distressed because of what you eat, you are no longer acting in love.(CA) Do not by your eating destroy someone for whom Christ died.(CB) 16 Therefore do not let what you know is good be spoken of as evil.(CC) 17 For the kingdom of God is not a matter of eating and drinking,(CD) but of righteousness, peace(CE) and joy in the Holy Spirit,(CF) 18 because anyone who serves Christ in this way is pleasing to God and receives human approval.(CG)

19 Let us therefore make every effort to do what leads to peace(CH) and to mutual edification.(CI) 20 Do not destroy the work of God for the sake of food.(CJ) All food is clean,(CK) but it is wrong for a person to eat anything that causes someone else to stumble.(CL) 21 It is better not to eat meat or drink wine or to do anything else that will cause your brother or sister to fall.(CM)

22 So whatever you believe about these things keep between yourself and God. Blessed is the one who does not condemn(CN) himself by what he approves. 23 But whoever has doubts(CO) is condemned if they eat, because their eating is not from faith; and everything that does not come from faith is sin.[k]

15 We who are strong ought to bear with the failings of the weak(CP) and not to please ourselves. 2 Each of us should please our neighbors for their good,(CQ) to build them up.(CR) 3 For even Christ did not please himself(CS) but, as it is written: “The insults of those who insult you have fallen on me.”[l](CT) 4 For everything that was written in the past was written to teach us,(CU) so that through the endurance taught in the Scriptures and the encouragement they provide we might have hope.

5 May the God who gives endurance and encouragement give you the same attitude of mind(CV) toward each other that Christ Jesus had, 6 so that with one mind and one voice you may glorify(CW) the God and Father(CX) of our Lord Jesus Christ.

7 Accept one another,(CY) then, just as Christ accepted you, in order to bring praise to God. 8 For I tell you that Christ has become a servant of the Jews[m](CZ) on behalf of God’s truth, so that the promises(DA) made to the patriarchs might be confirmed 9 and, moreover, that the Gentiles(DB) might glorify God(DC) for his mercy. As it is written:

“Therefore I will praise you among the Gentiles;
    I will sing the praises of your name.”[n](DD)

10 Again, it says,

“Rejoice, you Gentiles, with his people.”[o](DE)

11 And again,

“Praise the Lord, all you Gentiles;
    let all the peoples extol him.”[p](DF)

12 And again, Isaiah says,

“The Root of Jesse(DG) will spring up,
    one who will arise to rule over the nations;
    in him the Gentiles will hope.”[q](DH)

13 May the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace(DI) as you trust in him, so that you may overflow with hope by the power of the Holy Spirit.(DJ)

Paul the Minister to the Gentiles

14 I myself am convinced, my brothers and sisters, that you yourselves are full of goodness,(DK) filled with knowledge(DL) and competent to instruct one another. 15 Yet I have written you quite boldly on some points to remind you of them again, because of the grace God gave me(DM) 16 to be a minister of Christ Jesus to the Gentiles.(DN) He gave me the priestly duty of proclaiming the gospel of God,(DO) so that the Gentiles might become an offering(DP) acceptable to God, sanctified by the Holy Spirit.

17 Therefore I glory in Christ Jesus(DQ) in my service to God.(DR) 18 I will not venture to speak of anything except what Christ has accomplished through me in leading the Gentiles(DS) to obey God(DT) by what I have said and done— 19 by the power of signs and wonders,(DU) through the power of the Spirit of God.(DV) So from Jerusalem(DW) all the way around to Illyricum, I have fully proclaimed the gospel of Christ.(DX) 20 It has always been my ambition to preach the gospel(DY) where Christ was not known, so that I would not be building on someone else’s foundation.(DZ) 21 Rather, as it is written:

“Those who were not told about him will see,
    and those who have not heard will understand.”[r](EA)

22 This is why I have often been hindered from coming to you.(EB)

Paul’s Plan to Visit Rome

23 But now that there is no more place for me to work in these regions, and since I have been longing for many years to visit you,(EC) 24 I plan to do so when I go to Spain.(ED) I hope to see you while passing through and to have you assist(EE) me on my journey there, after I have enjoyed your company for a while. 25 Now, however, I am on my way to Jerusalem(EF) in the service(EG) of the Lord’s people(EH) there. 26 For Macedonia(EI) and Achaia(EJ) were pleased to make a contribution for the poor among the Lord’s people in Jerusalem.(EK) 27 They were pleased to do it, and indeed they owe it to them. For if the Gentiles have shared in the Jews’ spiritual blessings, they owe it to the Jews to share with them their material blessings.(EL) 28 So after I have completed this task and have made sure that they have received this contribution, I will go to Spain(EM) and visit you on the way. 29 I know that when I come to you,(EN) I will come in the full measure of the blessing of Christ.

30 I urge you, brothers and sisters, by our Lord Jesus Christ and by the love of the Spirit,(EO) to join me in my struggle by praying to God for me.(EP) 31 Pray that I may be kept safe(EQ) from the unbelievers in Judea and that the contribution(ER) I take to Jerusalem may be favorably received by the Lord’s people(ES) there, 32 so that I may come to you(ET) with joy, by God’s will,(EU) and in your company be refreshed.(EV) 33 The God of peace(EW) be with you all. Amen.

Personal Greetings

16 I commend(EX) to you our sister Phoebe, a deacon[s][t] of the church in Cenchreae.(EY) 2 I ask you to receive her in the Lord(EZ) in a way worthy of his people(FA) and to give her any help she may need from you, for she has been the benefactor of many people, including me.

3 Greet Priscilla[u] and Aquila,(FB) my co-workers(FC) in Christ Jesus.(FD) 4 They risked their lives for me. Not only I but all the churches of the Gentiles are grateful to them.

5 Greet also the church that meets at their house.(FE)

Greet my dear friend Epenetus, who was the first convert(FF) to Christ in the province of Asia.(FG)

6 Greet Mary, who worked very hard for you.

7 Greet Andronicus and Junia, my fellow Jews(FH) who have been in prison with me.(FI) They are outstanding among[v] the apostles, and they were in Christ(FJ) before I was.

8 Greet Ampliatus, my dear friend in the Lord.

9 Greet Urbanus, our co-worker in Christ,(FK) and my dear friend Stachys.

10 Greet Apelles, whose fidelity to Christ has stood the test.(FL)

Greet those who belong to the household(FM) of Aristobulus.

11 Greet Herodion, my fellow Jew.(FN)

Greet those in the household(FO) of Narcissus who are in the Lord.

12 Greet Tryphena and Tryphosa, those women who work hard in the Lord.

Greet my dear friend Persis, another woman who has worked very hard in the Lord.

13 Greet Rufus,(FP) chosen(FQ) in the Lord, and his mother, who has been a mother to me, too.

14 Greet Asyncritus, Phlegon, Hermes, Patrobas, Hermas and the other brothers and sisters with them.

15 Greet Philologus, Julia, Nereus and his sister, and Olympas and all the Lord’s people(FR) who are with them.(FS)

16 Greet one another with a holy kiss.(FT)

All the churches of Christ send greetings.

17 I urge you, brothers and sisters, to watch out for those who cause divisions and put obstacles in your way that are contrary to the teaching you have learned.(FU) Keep away from them.(FV) 18 For such people are not serving our Lord Christ,(FW) but their own appetites.(FX) By smooth talk and flattery they deceive(FY) the minds of naive people. 19 Everyone has heard(FZ) about your obedience, so I rejoice because of you; but I want you to be wise about what is good, and innocent about what is evil.(GA)

20 The God of peace(GB) will soon crush(GC) Satan(GD) under your feet.

The grace of our Lord Jesus be with you.(GE)

21 Timothy,(GF) my co-worker, sends his greetings to you, as do Lucius,(GG) Jason(GH) and Sosipater, my fellow Jews.(GI)

22 I, Tertius, who wrote down this letter, greet you in the Lord.

23 Gaius,(GJ) whose hospitality I and the whole church here enjoy, sends you his greetings.

Erastus,(GK) who is the city’s director of public works, and our brother Quartus send you their greetings. [24] [w]

25 Now to him who is able(GL) to establish you in accordance with my gospel,(GM) the message I proclaim about Jesus Christ, in keeping with the revelation of the mystery(GN) hidden for long ages past, 26 but now revealed and made known through the prophetic writings(GO) by the command of the eternal God, so that all the Gentiles might come to the obedience that comes from[x] faith(GP)— 27 to the only wise God be glory forever through Jesus Christ! Amen.(GQ)

Footnotes

  1. Romans 12:6 Or the
  2. Romans 12:8 Or to provide for others
  3. Romans 12:16 Or willing to do menial work
  4. Romans 12:19 Deut. 32:35
  5. Romans 12:20 Prov. 25:21,22
  6. Romans 13:9 Exodus 20:13-15,17; Deut. 5:17-19,21
  7. Romans 13:9 Lev. 19:18
  8. Romans 13:14 In contexts like this, the Greek word for flesh (sarx) refers to the sinful state of human beings, often presented as a power in opposition to the Spirit.
  9. Romans 14:10 The Greek word for brother or sister (adelphos) refers here to a believer, whether man or woman, as part of God’s family; also in verses 13, 15 and 21.
  10. Romans 14:11 Isaiah 45:23
  11. Romans 14:23 Some manuscripts place 16:25-27 here; others after 15:33.
  12. Romans 15:3 Psalm 69:9
  13. Romans 15:8 Greek circumcision
  14. Romans 15:9 2 Samuel 22:50; Psalm 18:49
  15. Romans 15:10 Deut. 32:43
  16. Romans 15:11 Psalm 117:1
  17. Romans 15:12 Isaiah 11:10 (see Septuagint)
  18. Romans 15:21 Isaiah 52:15 (see Septuagint)
  19. Romans 16:1 Or servant
  20. Romans 16:1 The word deacon refers here to a Christian designated to serve with the overseers/elders of the church in a variety of ways; similarly in Phil. 1:1 and 1 Tim. 3:8,12.
  21. Romans 16:3 Greek Prisca, a variant of Priscilla
  22. Romans 16:7 Or are esteemed by
  23. Romans 16:24 Some manuscripts include here May the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with all of you. Amen.
  24. Romans 16:26 Or that is
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