18 For I consider that the sufferings of this present time (A)are not worthy to be compared with the (B)glory that is to be revealed to us. 19 For the (C)eagerly awaiting creation waits for (D)the revealing of the (E)sons and daughters of God. 20 For the creation (F)was subjected to (G)futility, not willingly, but (H)because of Him who subjected it, [a]in hope 21 that (I)the creation itself also will be set free from its slavery to corruption into the freedom of the glory of the children of God. 22 For we know that the whole creation (J)groans and suffers the pains of childbirth together until now. 23 (K)And not only that, but also we ourselves, having (L)the first fruits of the Spirit, even we ourselves (M)groan within ourselves, (N)waiting eagerly for our adoption as sons and daughters, (O)the redemption of our body. 24 For (P)in hope we have been saved, but (Q)hope that is seen is not hope; for who hopes for what he already sees? 25 But (R)if we hope for what we do not see, through perseverance we wait eagerly for it.

Our Victory in Christ

26 Now in the same way the Spirit also helps our weakness; for (S)we do not know what to pray for as we should, but (T)the Spirit Himself intercedes for us with [b]groanings too deep for words; 27 and (U)He who searches the hearts knows what (V)the mind of the Spirit is, because He (W)intercedes for the [c]saints according to the will of God.

28 And we know that [d]God [e]causes (X)all things to work together for good to those who love God, to those who are (Y)called according to His purpose. 29 For those whom He (Z)foreknew, He also (AA)predestined to become (AB)conformed to the image of His Son, so that He would be the (AC)firstborn among many brothers and sisters; 30 and these whom He (AD)predestined, He also (AE)called; and these whom He called, He also (AF)justified; and these whom He justified, He also (AG)glorified.

31 (AH)What then shall we say to these things? (AI)If God is for us, who is against us? 32 He who (AJ)did not spare His own Son, but (AK)delivered Him over for us all, how will He not also with Him freely give us all things? 33 Who will bring charges against (AL)God’s elect? (AM)God is the one who justifies; 34 who is the one who (AN)condemns? Christ Jesus is He who (AO)died, but rather, was [f](AP)raised, who is (AQ)at the right hand of God, who also (AR)intercedes for us. 35 Who will separate us from (AS)the love of [g]Christ? Will (AT)tribulation, or trouble, or (AU)persecution, or (AV)famine, or (AW)nakedness, or (AX)danger, or sword? 36 Just as it is written:

(AY)For Your sake we are killed all day long;
We were regarded as sheep to be slaughtered.”

37 But in all these things we overwhelmingly (AZ)conquer through (BA)Him who loved us. 38 For I am convinced that neither (BB)death, nor life, nor (BC)angels, nor principalities, nor (BD)things present, nor things to come, nor powers, 39 nor height, nor depth, nor any other created thing will be able to separate us from (BE)the love of God that is (BF)in Christ Jesus our Lord.

Deep Concern for Israel

(BG)I am telling the truth in Christ, I am not lying; my conscience testifies with me in the Holy Spirit, that I have great sorrow and unceasing grief in my heart. For (BH)I could [h]wish that I myself were (BI)accursed, separated from Christ for the sake of my countrymen, my kinsmen (BJ)according to the flesh, who are (BK)Israelites, to whom belongs (BL)the adoption as sons and daughters, (BM)the glory, (BN)the covenants, (BO)the giving of the Law, (BP)the temple service, and (BQ)the promises; whose are (BR)the fathers, and (BS)from whom is the [i]Christ according to the flesh, (BT)who is over all, (BU)God (BV)blessed [j]forever. Amen.

But it is not as though (BW)the word of God has failed. (BX)For they are not all Israel who are descended from Israel; nor are they all children (BY)because they are Abraham’s [k](BZ)descendants, but: “[l](CA)through Isaac your [m]descendants shall be named.” That is, it is not the children of the flesh [n]who are (CB)children of God, but the (CC)children of the promise are regarded as [o](CD)descendants. For this is the word of promise: “(CE)At this time I will come, and Sarah will have a son.” 10 (CF)And not only that, but there was also (CG)Rebekah, when she had conceived twins by one man, our father Isaac; 11 for though the twins were not yet born and had not done anything good or bad, so that (CH)God’s purpose according to His choice would [p]stand, not [q]because of works but [r]because of Him who calls, 12 it was said to her, “(CI)The older will serve the younger.” 13 Just as it is written: “(CJ)Jacob I have loved, but Esau I have hated.”

14 (CK)What shall we say then? (CL)There is no injustice with God, is there? [s](CM)Far from it! 15 For He says to Moses, “(CN)I will have mercy on whomever I have mercy, and I will show compassion to whomever I show compassion.” 16 So then, it does not depend on the person who [t]wants it nor the one who [u](CO)runs, but on (CP)God who has mercy. 17 For the Scripture says to Pharaoh, “(CQ)For this very reason I raised you up, in order to demonstrate My power in you, and that My name might be proclaimed [v]throughout the earth.” 18 So then He has mercy on whom He desires, and He (CR)hardens whom He desires.

19 (CS)You will say to me then, “(CT)Why does He still find fault? For (CU)who has resisted His will?” 20 On the contrary, who are you, [w](CV)you foolish person, who (CW)answers back to God? (CX)The thing molded will not say to the molder, “Why did you make me like this,” will it? 21 Or does the potter not have a right over the clay, to make from the same lump one object [x]for honorable use, and another [y]for common use? 22 [z]What if God, although willing to demonstrate His wrath and to make His power known, endured with great (CY)patience objects of wrath (CZ)prepared for destruction? 23 And He did so to make known (DA)the riches of His glory upon (DB)objects of mercy, which He (DC)prepared beforehand for glory, 24 namely us, whom He also (DD)called, (DE)not only from among Jews, but also from among Gentiles, 25 as He also says in Hosea:

(DF)I will call those who were not My people, ‘My people,’
And her who was not beloved, ‘beloved.’”
26 (DG)And it shall be that in the place where it was said to them, ‘you are not My people,’
There they shall be called sons of (DH)the living God.”

27 Isaiah cries out concerning Israel, “(DI)Though the number of the sons of Israel may be (DJ)like the sand of the sea, only (DK)the remnant will be saved; 28 (DL)for the Lord will execute His word on the earth, [aa]thoroughly and [ab]quickly.” 29 And just as Isaiah foretold:

(DM)If (DN)the Lord [ac]of armies had not left us [ad](DO)descendants,
(DP)We would have become like Sodom, and would have [ae]been like Gomorrah.”

30 (DQ)What shall we say then? That Gentiles, who did not pursue righteousness, attained righteousness, but (DR)the righteousness that is [af]by faith; 31 however, Israel, (DS)pursuing a law of righteousness, did not (DT)arrive at that law. 32 Why? Because they did not pursue it [ag]by faith, but as though they could [ah]by works. They stumbled over (DU)the stumbling stone, 33 just as it is written:

(DV)Behold, I am laying in Zion (DW)a stone of stumbling and a rock of offense,
(DX)And the one who believes in Him (DY)will not be [ai]put to shame.”

The Word of Faith Brings Salvation

10 Brothers and sisters, my heart’s desire and my prayer to God for them is for their salvation. For I testify about them that they have (DZ)a zeal for God, but not in accordance with knowledge. For not knowing about (EA)God’s righteousness and (EB)seeking to establish their own, they did not subject themselves to the righteousness of God. For (EC)Christ is the [aj]end of the Law for righteousness to (ED)everyone who believes.

For Moses writes of the righteousness that is [ak]based on the Law, that the person who performs [al]them (EE)will live by [am]them. But (EF)the righteousness [an]based on faith speaks as follows: “(EG)Do not say in your heart, ‘Who will go up into heaven?’ (that is, to bring Christ down), or ‘Who will descend into the (EH)abyss?’ (that is, to (EI)bring Christ up from the dead).” But what does it say? “(EJ)The word is near you, in your mouth and in your heart”—that is, the word of faith which we are preaching, [ao]that (EK)if you confess with your mouth Jesus as Lord, and (EL)believe in your heart that (EM)God raised Him from the dead, you will be saved; 10 for with the heart a person believes, [ap]resulting in righteousness, and with the mouth he confesses, [aq]resulting in salvation. 11 For the Scripture says, “(EN)Whoever believes in Him will not be [ar]put to shame.” 12 For (EO)there is no distinction between Jew and Greek; for the same Lord is (EP)Lord of (EQ)all, abounding in riches for all who call on Him; 13 for “(ER)Everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved.”

14 How then are they to call on Him in whom they have not believed? How are they to believe in Him (ES)whom they have not heard? And how are they to hear without (ET)a preacher? 15 But how are they to preach unless they are sent? Just as it is written: “(EU)How beautiful are the feet of those who [as](EV)bring good news of good things!”

16 However, they (EW)did not all heed the [at]good news; for Isaiah says, “(EX)Lord, who has believed our report?” 17 So faith comes from (EY)hearing, and hearing by (EZ)the word [au]of Christ.

18 But I say, surely they have never heard, have they? On the contrary:

(FA)Their voice has gone out into all the earth,
And their words to the ends of the [av]world.”

19 But I say, surely Israel did not know, did they? First Moses says,

(FB)I will (FC)make you jealous with those who are not a nation,
With a foolish nation I will anger you.”

20 And Isaiah is very bold and says,

(FD)I was found by those who did not seek Me,
I revealed Myself to those who did not ask for Me.”

21 But as for Israel, He says, “(FE)I have spread out My hands all day long to a disobedient and obstinate people.”

Footnotes

  1. Romans 8:20 Or in hope; because the creation
  2. Romans 8:26 Lit wordless groanings
  3. Romans 8:27 Lit holy ones; i.e., God’s people
  4. Romans 8:28 One early ms He; i.e., God
  5. Romans 8:28 Or in all things works together with those...for good
  6. Romans 8:34 One early ms raised from the dead
  7. Romans 8:35 Two early mss God
  8. Romans 9:3 Lit pray
  9. Romans 9:5 I.e., Messiah
  10. Romans 9:5 Lit unto the ages
  11. Romans 9:7 Lit seed
  12. Romans 9:7 Lit in
  13. Romans 9:7 Lit seed
  14. Romans 9:8 Lit these
  15. Romans 9:8 Lit seed
  16. Romans 9:11 Lit remain
  17. Romans 9:11 Lit from
  18. Romans 9:11 Lit from
  19. Romans 9:14 Lit May it never happen!
  20. Romans 9:16 Or wills nor
  21. Romans 9:16 I.e., to win mercy or favor
  22. Romans 9:17 Lit in all
  23. Romans 9:20 Lit O
  24. Romans 9:21 Lit for honor
  25. Romans 9:21 Lit for dishonor
  26. Romans 9:22 Lit But
  27. Romans 9:28 Lit finishing it
  28. Romans 9:28 Lit cutting it short
  29. Romans 9:29 Gr sabaoth, for Heb tsebaoth (armies)
  30. Romans 9:29 Lit seed
  31. Romans 9:29 Lit been made like
  32. Romans 9:30 Lit out of
  33. Romans 9:32 Lit out of
  34. Romans 9:32 Lit out of
  35. Romans 9:33 Or disappointed
  36. Romans 10:4 Or goal
  37. Romans 10:5 Lit out of, from
  38. Romans 10:5 I.e., the statutes of the Law
  39. Romans 10:5 I.e., the statutes of the Law
  40. Romans 10:6 Lit out of, from
  41. Romans 10:9 Or because
  42. Romans 10:10 Lit to righteousness
  43. Romans 10:10 Lit to salvation
  44. Romans 10:11 Or disappointed
  45. Romans 10:15 Or preach the gospel
  46. Romans 10:16 Or gospel
  47. Romans 10:17 Or concerning Christ
  48. Romans 10:18 Or inhabited earth

Present Suffering and Future Glory

18 I consider that our present sufferings are not worth comparing with the glory that will be revealed in us.(A) 19 For the creation waits in eager expectation for the children of God(B) to be revealed. 20 For the creation was subjected to frustration, not by its own choice, but by the will of the one who subjected it,(C) in hope 21 that[a] the creation itself will be liberated from its bondage to decay(D) and brought into the freedom and glory of the children of God.(E)

22 We know that the whole creation has been groaning(F) as in the pains of childbirth right up to the present time. 23 Not only so, but we ourselves, who have the firstfruits of the Spirit,(G) groan(H) inwardly as we wait eagerly(I) for our adoption to sonship, the redemption of our bodies.(J) 24 For in this hope we were saved.(K) But hope that is seen is no hope at all.(L) Who hopes for what they already have? 25 But if we hope for what we do not yet have, we wait for it patiently.(M)

26 In the same way, the Spirit helps us in our weakness. We do not know what we ought to pray for, but the Spirit(N) himself intercedes for us(O) through wordless groans. 27 And he who searches our hearts(P) knows the mind of the Spirit, because the Spirit intercedes(Q) for God’s people in accordance with the will of God.

28 And we know that in all things God works for the good(R) of those who love him, who[b] have been called(S) according to his purpose.(T) 29 For those God foreknew(U) he also predestined(V) to be conformed to the image of his Son,(W) that he might be the firstborn(X) among many brothers and sisters. 30 And those he predestined,(Y) he also called;(Z) those he called, he also justified;(AA) those he justified, he also glorified.(AB)

More Than Conquerors

31 What, then, shall we say in response to these things?(AC) If God is for us,(AD) who can be against us?(AE) 32 He who did not spare his own Son,(AF) but gave him up for us all—how will he not also, along with him, graciously give us all things? 33 Who will bring any charge(AG) against those whom God has chosen? It is God who justifies. 34 Who then is the one who condemns?(AH) No one. Christ Jesus who died(AI)—more than that, who was raised to life(AJ)—is at the right hand of God(AK) and is also interceding for us.(AL) 35 Who shall separate us from the love of Christ?(AM) Shall trouble or hardship or persecution or famine or nakedness or danger or sword?(AN) 36 As it is written:

“For your sake we face death all day long;
    we are considered as sheep to be slaughtered.”[c](AO)

37 No, in all these things we are more than conquerors(AP) through him who loved us.(AQ) 38 For I am convinced that neither death nor life, neither angels nor demons,[d] neither the present nor the future,(AR) nor any powers,(AS) 39 neither height nor depth, nor anything else in all creation, will be able to separate us from the love of God(AT) that is in Christ Jesus our Lord.(AU)

Paul’s Anguish Over Israel

I speak the truth in Christ—I am not lying,(AV) my conscience confirms(AW) it through the Holy Spirit— I have great sorrow and unceasing anguish in my heart. For I could wish that I myself(AX) were cursed(AY) and cut off from Christ for the sake of my people,(AZ) those of my own race,(BA) the people of Israel.(BB) Theirs is the adoption to sonship;(BC) theirs the divine glory,(BD) the covenants,(BE) the receiving of the law,(BF) the temple worship(BG) and the promises.(BH) Theirs are the patriarchs,(BI) and from them is traced the human ancestry of the Messiah,(BJ) who is God over all,(BK) forever praised![e](BL) Amen.

God’s Sovereign Choice

It is not as though God’s word(BM) had failed. For not all who are descended from Israel are Israel.(BN) Nor because they are his descendants are they all Abraham’s children. On the contrary, “It is through Isaac that your offspring will be reckoned.”[f](BO) In other words, it is not the children by physical descent who are God’s children,(BP) but it is the children of the promise who are regarded as Abraham’s offspring.(BQ) For this was how the promise was stated: “At the appointed time I will return, and Sarah will have a son.”[g](BR)

10 Not only that, but Rebekah’s children were conceived at the same time by our father Isaac.(BS) 11 Yet, before the twins were born or had done anything good or bad(BT)—in order that God’s purpose(BU) in election might stand: 12 not by works but by him who calls—she was told, “The older will serve the younger.”[h](BV) 13 Just as it is written: “Jacob I loved, but Esau I hated.”[i](BW)

14 What then shall we say?(BX) Is God unjust? Not at all!(BY) 15 For he says to Moses,

“I will have mercy on whom I have mercy,
    and I will have compassion on whom I have compassion.”[j](BZ)

16 It does not, therefore, depend on human desire or effort, but on God’s mercy.(CA) 17 For Scripture says to Pharaoh: “I raised you up for this very purpose, that I might display my power in you and that my name might be proclaimed in all the earth.”[k](CB) 18 Therefore God has mercy on whom he wants to have mercy, and he hardens whom he wants to harden.(CC)

19 One of you will say to me:(CD) “Then why does God still blame us?(CE) For who is able to resist his will?”(CF) 20 But who are you, a human being, to talk back to God?(CG) “Shall what is formed say to the one who formed it,(CH) ‘Why did you make me like this?’”[l](CI) 21 Does not the potter have the right to make out of the same lump of clay some pottery for special purposes and some for common use?(CJ)

22 What if God, although choosing to show his wrath and make his power known, bore with great patience(CK) the objects of his wrath—prepared for destruction?(CL) 23 What if he did this to make the riches of his glory(CM) known to the objects of his mercy, whom he prepared in advance for glory(CN) 24 even us, whom he also called,(CO) not only from the Jews but also from the Gentiles?(CP) 25 As he says in Hosea:

“I will call them ‘my people’ who are not my people;
    and I will call her ‘my loved one’ who is not my loved one,”[m](CQ)

26 and,

“In the very place where it was said to them,
    ‘You are not my people,’
    there they will be called ‘children of the living God.’”[n](CR)

27 Isaiah cries out concerning Israel:

“Though the number of the Israelites be like the sand by the sea,(CS)
    only the remnant will be saved.(CT)
28 For the Lord will carry out
    his sentence on earth with speed and finality.”[o](CU)

29 It is just as Isaiah said previously:

“Unless the Lord Almighty(CV)
    had left us descendants,
we would have become like Sodom,
    we would have been like Gomorrah.”[p](CW)

Israel’s Unbelief

30 What then shall we say?(CX) That the Gentiles, who did not pursue righteousness, have obtained it, a righteousness that is by faith;(CY) 31 but the people of Israel, who pursued the law as the way of righteousness,(CZ) have not attained their goal.(DA) 32 Why not? Because they pursued it not by faith but as if it were by works. They stumbled over the stumbling stone.(DB) 33 As it is written:

“See, I lay in Zion a stone that causes people to stumble
    and a rock that makes them fall,
    and the one who believes in him will never be put to shame.”[q](DC)

10 Brothers and sisters, my heart’s desire(DD) and prayer to God for the Israelites is that they may be saved. For I can testify about them that they are zealous(DE) for God, but their zeal is not based on knowledge. Since they did not know the righteousness of God and sought to establish their own, they did not submit to God’s righteousness.(DF) Christ is the culmination of the law(DG) so that there may be righteousness for everyone who believes.(DH)

Moses writes this about the righteousness that is by the law: “The person who does these things will live by them.”[r](DI) But the righteousness that is by faith(DJ) says: “Do not say in your heart, ‘Who will ascend into heaven?’”[s](DK) (that is, to bring Christ down) “or ‘Who will descend into the deep?’”[t](DL) (that is, to bring Christ up from the dead).(DM) But what does it say? “The word is near you; it is in your mouth and in your heart,”[u](DN) that is, the message concerning faith that we proclaim: If you declare(DO) with your mouth, “Jesus is Lord,”(DP) and believe(DQ) in your heart that God raised him from the dead,(DR) you will be saved.(DS) 10 For it is with your heart that you believe and are justified, and it is with your mouth that you profess your faith and are saved. 11 As Scripture says, “Anyone who believes in him will never be put to shame.”[v](DT) 12 For there is no difference between Jew and Gentile(DU)—the same Lord is Lord of all(DV) and richly blesses all who call on him, 13 for, “Everyone who calls on the name of the Lord(DW) will be saved.”[w](DX)

14 How, then, can they call on the one they have not believed in? And how can they believe in the one of whom they have not heard? And how can they hear without someone preaching to them? 15 And how can anyone preach unless they are sent? As it is written: “How beautiful are the feet of those who bring good news!”[x](DY)

16 But not all the Israelites accepted the good news.(DZ) For Isaiah says, “Lord, who has believed our message?”[y](EA) 17 Consequently, faith comes from hearing the message,(EB) and the message is heard through the word about Christ.(EC) 18 But I ask: Did they not hear? Of course they did:

“Their voice has gone out into all the earth,
    their words to the ends of the world.”[z](ED)

19 Again I ask: Did Israel not understand? First, Moses says,

“I will make you envious(EE) by those who are not a nation;
    I will make you angry by a nation that has no understanding.”[aa](EF)

20 And Isaiah boldly says,

“I was found by those who did not seek me;
    I revealed myself to those who did not ask for me.”[ab](EG)

21 But concerning Israel he says,

“All day long I have held out my hands
    to a disobedient and obstinate people.”[ac](EH)

Footnotes

  1. Romans 8:21 Or subjected it in hope. 21 For
  2. Romans 8:28 Or that all things work together for good to those who love God, who; or that in all things God works together with those who love him to bring about what is good—with those who
  3. Romans 8:36 Psalm 44:22
  4. Romans 8:38 Or nor heavenly rulers
  5. Romans 9:5 Or Messiah, who is over all. God be forever praised! Or Messiah. God who is over all be forever praised!
  6. Romans 9:7 Gen. 21:12
  7. Romans 9:9 Gen. 18:10,14
  8. Romans 9:12 Gen. 25:23
  9. Romans 9:13 Mal. 1:2,3
  10. Romans 9:15 Exodus 33:19
  11. Romans 9:17 Exodus 9:16
  12. Romans 9:20 Isaiah 29:16; 45:9
  13. Romans 9:25 Hosea 2:23
  14. Romans 9:26 Hosea 1:10
  15. Romans 9:28 Isaiah 10:22,23 (see Septuagint)
  16. Romans 9:29 Isaiah 1:9
  17. Romans 9:33 Isaiah 8:14; 28:16
  18. Romans 10:5 Lev. 18:5
  19. Romans 10:6 Deut. 30:12
  20. Romans 10:7 Deut. 30:13
  21. Romans 10:8 Deut. 30:14
  22. Romans 10:11 Isaiah 28:16 (see Septuagint)
  23. Romans 10:13 Joel 2:32
  24. Romans 10:15 Isaiah 52:7
  25. Romans 10:16 Isaiah 53:1
  26. Romans 10:18 Psalm 19:4
  27. Romans 10:19 Deut. 32:21
  28. Romans 10:20 Isaiah 65:1
  29. Romans 10:21 Isaiah 65:2