That Which Defiles^(A)

15 Then some Pharisees and teachers of the law came to Jesus from Jerusalem and asked, ² “Why do your disciples break the tradition of the elders? They don’t wash their hands before they eat!”^(B)

³ Jesus replied, “And why do you break the command of God for the sake of your tradition? ⁴ For God said, ‘Honor your father and mother’^[a](C) and ‘Anyone who curses their father or mother is to be put to death.’^{[b](D) 5} But you say that if anyone declares that what might have been used to help their father or mother is ‘devoted to God,’ ⁶ they are not to ‘honor their father or mother’ with it. Thus you nullify the word of God for the sake of your tradition. ⁷ You hypocrites! Isaiah was right when he prophesied about you:

¹⁰ Jesus called the crowd to him and said, “Listen and understand. ¹¹ What goes into someone’s mouth does not defile them,^(G) but what comes out of their mouth, that is what defiles them.”^(H)

¹² Then the disciples came to him and asked, “Do you know that the Pharisees were offended when they heard this?”

¹³ He replied, “Every plant that my heavenly Father has not planted^(I) will be pulled up by the roots. ¹⁴ Leave them; they are blind guides.^[d](J) If the blind lead the blind, both will fall into a pit.”^(K)

¹⁵ Peter said, “Explain the parable to us.”^(L)

¹⁶ “Are you still so dull?”^(M) Jesus asked them. ¹⁷ “Don’t you see that whatever enters the mouth goes into the stomach and then out of the body? ¹⁸ But the things that come out of a person’s mouth come from the heart,^(N) and these defile them. ¹⁹ For out of the heart come evil thoughts—murder, adultery, sexual immorality, theft, false testimony, slander.^{(O) 20} These are what defile a person;^(P) but eating with unwashed hands does not defile them.”

The Faith of a Canaanite Woman^(Q)

²¹ Leaving that place, Jesus withdrew to the region of Tyre and Sidon.^{(R) 22} A Canaanite woman from that vicinity came to him, crying out, “Lord, Son of David,^(S) have mercy on me! My daughter is demon-possessed and suffering terribly.”^(T)

²³ Jesus did not answer a word. So his disciples came to him and urged him, “Send her away, for she keeps crying out after us.”

²⁴ He answered, “I was sent only to the lost sheep of Israel.”^(U)

²⁵ The woman came and knelt before him.^(V) “Lord, help me!” she said.

²⁶ He replied, “It is not right to take the children’s bread and toss it to the dogs.”

²⁷ “Yes it is, Lord,” she said. “Even the dogs eat the crumbs that fall from their master’s table.”

²⁸ Then Jesus said to her, “Woman, you have great faith!^(W) Your request is granted.” And her daughter was healed at that moment.

Jesus Feeds the Four Thousand^(X)(Y)(Z)

²⁹ Jesus left there and went along the Sea of Galilee. Then he went up on a mountainside and sat down. ³⁰ Great crowds came to him, bringing the lame, the blind, the crippled, the mute and many others, and laid them at his feet; and he healed them.^{(AA) 31} The people were amazed when they saw the mute speaking, the crippled made well, the lame walking and the blind seeing. And they praised the God of Israel.^(AB)

³² Jesus called his disciples to him and said, “I have compassion for these people;^(AC) they have already been with me three days and have nothing to eat. I do not want to send them away hungry, or they may collapse on the way.”

³³ His disciples answered, “Where could we get enough bread in this remote place to feed such a crowd?”

³⁴ “How many loaves do you have?” Jesus asked.

“Seven,” they replied, “and a few small fish.”

³⁵ He told the crowd to sit down on the ground. ³⁶ Then he took the seven loaves and the fish, and when he had given thanks, he broke them^(AD) and gave them to the disciples, and they in turn to the people. ³⁷ They all ate and were satisfied. Afterward the disciples picked up seven basketfuls of broken pieces that were left over.^{(AE) 38} The number of those who ate was four thousand men, besides women and children. ³⁹ After Jesus had sent the crowd away, he got into the boat and went to the vicinity of Magadan.

Psalm 9^[a][b]

For the director of music. To the tune of “The Death of the Son.” A psalm of David.

The Second Journey to Egypt

43 Now the famine was still severe in the land.^{(A) 2} So when they had eaten all the grain they had brought from Egypt,^(B) their father said to them, “Go back and buy us a little more food.”^(C)

³ But Judah^(D) said to him, “The man warned us solemnly, ‘You will not see my face again unless your brother is with you.’^{(E) 4} If you will send our brother along with us, we will go down and buy food for you.^{(F) 5} But if you will not send him, we will not go down, because the man said to us, ‘You will not see my face again unless your brother is with you.^(G)’”

⁶ Israel^(H) asked, “Why did you bring this trouble^(I) on me by telling the man you had another brother?”

⁷ They replied, “The man questioned us closely about ourselves and our family. ‘Is your father still living?’^(J) he asked us. ‘Do you have another brother?’^(K) We simply answered his questions. How were we to know he would say, ‘Bring your brother down here’?”^(L)

⁸ Then Judah^(M) said to Israel^(N) his father, “Send the boy along with me and we will go at once, so that we and you and our children may live and not die.^{(O) 9} I myself will guarantee his safety; you can hold me personally responsible for him.^(P) If I do not bring him back to you and set him here before you, I will bear the blame^(Q) before you all my life.^{(R) 10} As it is, if we had not delayed,^(S) we could have gone and returned twice.”

¹¹ Then their father Israel^(T) said to them, “If it must be, then do this: Put some of the best products^(U) of the land in your bags and take them down to the man as a gift^(V)—a little balm^(W) and a little honey, some spices^(X) and myrrh,^(Y) some pistachio nuts and almonds. ¹² Take double the amount^(Z) of silver with you, for you must return the silver that was put back into the mouths of your sacks.^(AA) Perhaps it was a mistake. ¹³ Take your brother also and go back to the man at once.^{(AB) 14} And may God Almighty^[a](AC) grant you mercy^(AD) before the man so that he will let your other brother and Benjamin come back with you.^(AE) As for me, if I am bereaved, I am bereaved.”^(AF)

¹⁵ So the men took the gifts and double the amount of silver,^(AG) and Benjamin also. They hurried^(AH) down to Egypt and presented themselves^(AI) to Joseph. ¹⁶ When Joseph saw Benjamin^(AJ) with them, he said to the steward of his house,^(AK) “Take these men to my house, slaughter an animal and prepare a meal;^(AL) they are to eat with me at noon.”

¹⁷ The man did as Joseph told him and took the men to Joseph’s house.^{(AM) 18} Now the men were frightened^(AN) when they were taken to his house.^(AO) They thought, “We were brought here because of the silver that was put back into our sacks^(AP) the first time. He wants to attack us^(AQ) and overpower us and seize us as slaves^(AR) and take our donkeys.^(AS)”

¹⁹ So they went up to Joseph’s steward^(AT) and spoke to him at the entrance to the house. ²⁰ “We beg your pardon, our lord,” they said, “we came down here the first time to buy food.^{(AU) 21} But at the place where we stopped for the night we opened our sacks and each of us found his silver—the exact weight—in the mouth of his sack. So we have brought it back with us.^{(AV) 22} We have also brought additional silver with us to buy food. We don’t know who put our silver in our sacks.”

²³ “It’s all right,” he said. “Don’t be afraid. Your God, the God of your father,^(AW) has given you treasure in your sacks;^(AX) I received your silver.” Then he brought Simeon out to them.^(AY)

²⁴ The steward took the men into Joseph’s house,^(AZ) gave them water to wash their feet^(BA) and provided fodder for their donkeys. ²⁵ They prepared their gifts^(BB) for Joseph’s arrival at noon,^(BC) because they had heard that they were to eat there.

²⁶ When Joseph came home,^(BD) they presented to him the gifts^(BE) they had brought into the house, and they bowed down before him to the ground.^{(BF) 27} He asked them how they were, and then he said, “How is your aged father^(BG) you told me about? Is he still living?”^(BH)

²⁸ They replied, “Your servant our father^(BI) is still alive and well.” And they bowed down,^(BJ) prostrating themselves before him.^(BK)

²⁹ As he looked about and saw his brother Benjamin, his own mother’s son,^(BL) he asked, “Is this your youngest brother, the one you told me about?”^(BM) And he said, “God be gracious to you,^(BN) my son.” ³⁰ Deeply moved^(BO) at the sight of his brother, Joseph hurried out and looked for a place to weep. He went into his private room and wept^(BP) there.

³¹ After he had washed his face, he came out and, controlling himself,^(BQ) said, “Serve the food.”^(BR)

³² They served him by himself, the brothers by themselves, and the Egyptians who ate with him by themselves, because Egyptians could not eat with Hebrews,^(BS) for that is detestable to Egyptians.^{(BT) 33} The men had been seated before him in the order of their ages, from the firstborn^(BU) to the youngest;^(BV) and they looked at each other in astonishment. ³⁴ When portions were served to them from Joseph’s table, Benjamin’s portion was five times as much as anyone else’s.^(BW) So they feasted^(BX) and drank freely with him.

A Silver Cup in a Sack

44 Now Joseph gave these instructions to the steward of his house:^(BY) “Fill the men’s sacks with as much food as they can carry, and put each man’s silver in the mouth of his sack.^{(BZ) 2} Then put my cup,^(CA) the silver one,^(CB) in the mouth of the youngest one’s sack, along with the silver for his grain.” And he did as Joseph said.

³ As morning dawned, the men were sent on their way with their donkeys.^{(CC) 4} They had not gone far from the city when Joseph said to his steward,^(CD) “Go after those men at once, and when you catch up with them, say to them, ‘Why have you repaid good with evil?^{(CE) 5} Isn’t this the cup^(CF) my master drinks from and also uses for divination?^(CG) This is a wicked thing you have done.’”

⁶ When he caught up with them, he repeated these words to them. ⁷ But they said to him, “Why does my lord say such things? Far be it from your servants^(CH) to do anything like that!^{(CI) 8} We even brought back to you from the land of Canaan^(CJ) the silver^(CK) we found inside the mouths of our sacks.^(CL) So why would we steal^(CM) silver or gold from your master’s house? ⁹ If any of your servants^(CN) is found to have it, he will die;^(CO) and the rest of us will become my lord’s slaves.^(CP)”

¹⁰ “Very well, then,” he said, “let it be as you say. Whoever is found to have it^(CQ) will become my slave;^(CR) the rest of you will be free from blame.”^(CS)

¹¹ Each of them quickly lowered his sack to the ground and opened it. ¹² Then the steward^(CT) proceeded to search,^(CU) beginning with the oldest and ending with the youngest.^(CV) And the cup was found in Benjamin’s sack.^{(CW) 13} At this, they tore their clothes.^(CX) Then they all loaded their donkeys^(CY) and returned to the city.

¹⁴ Joseph was still in the house^(CZ) when Judah^(DA) and his brothers came in, and they threw themselves to the ground before him.^{(DB) 15} Joseph said to them, “What is this you have done?^(DC) Don’t you know that a man like me can find things out by divination?^(DD)”

¹⁶ “What can we say to my lord?^(DE)” Judah^(DF) replied. “What can we say? How can we prove our innocence?^(DG) God has uncovered your servants’^(DH) guilt. We are now my lord’s slaves^(DI)—we ourselves and the one who was found to have the cup.^(DJ)”

¹⁷ But Joseph said, “Far be it from me to do such a thing!^(DK) Only the man who was found to have the cup will become my slave.^(DL) The rest of you, go back to your father in peace.”^(DM)

¹⁸ Then Judah^(DN) went up to him and said: “Pardon your servant, my lord,^(DO) let me speak a word to my lord. Do not be angry^(DP) with your servant, though you are equal to Pharaoh himself. ¹⁹ My lord asked his servants,^(DQ) ‘Do you have a father or a brother?’^{(DR) 20} And we answered, ‘We have an aged father, and there is a young son born to him in his old age.^(DS) His brother is dead,^(DT) and he is the only one of his mother’s sons left, and his father loves him.’^(DU)

²¹ “Then you said to your servants,^(DV) ‘Bring him down to me so I can see him for myself.’^{(DW) 22} And we said to my lord,^(DX) ‘The boy cannot leave his father; if he leaves him, his father will die.’^{(DY) 23} But you told your servants, ‘Unless your youngest brother comes down with you, you will not see my face again.’^{(DZ) 24} When we went back to your servant my father,^(EA) we told him what my lord^(EB) had said.^(EC)

²⁵ “Then our father said, ‘Go back and buy a little more food.’^{(ED) 26} But we said, ‘We cannot go down. Only if our youngest brother is with us will we go. We cannot see the man’s face unless our youngest brother is with us.’^(EE)

²⁷ “Your servant my father^(EF) said to us, ‘You know that my wife bore me two sons.^{(EG) 28} One of them went away from me, and I said, “He has surely been torn to pieces.”^(EH) And I have not seen him since.^{(EI) 29} If you take this one from me too and harm comes to him, you will bring my gray head down to the grave^(EJ) in misery.’^(EK)

³⁰ “So now, if the boy is not with us when I go back to your servant my father,^(EL) and if my father, whose life is closely bound up with the boy’s life,^{(EM) 31} sees that the boy isn’t there, he will die.^(EN) Your servants^(EO) will bring the gray head of our father down to the grave^(EP) in sorrow. ³² Your servant guaranteed the boy’s safety to my father. I said, ‘If I do not bring him back to you, I will bear the blame before you, my father, all my life!’^(EQ)

³³ “Now then, please let your servant remain here as my lord’s slave^(ER) in place of the boy,^(ES) and let the boy return with his brothers. ³⁴ How can I go back to my father if the boy is not with me? No! Do not let me see the misery^(ET) that would come on my father.”^(EU)

Joseph Makes Himself Known

45 Then Joseph could no longer control himself^(EV) before all his attendants, and he cried out, “Have everyone leave my presence!”^(EW) So there was no one with Joseph when he made himself known to his brothers. ² And he wept^(EX) so loudly that the Egyptians heard him, and Pharaoh’s household heard about it.^(EY)

³ Joseph said to his brothers, “I am Joseph! Is my father still living?”^(EZ) But his brothers were not able to answer him,^(FA) because they were terrified at his presence.^(FB)

⁴ Then Joseph said to his brothers, “Come close to me.”^(FC) When they had done so, he said, “I am your brother Joseph, the one you sold into Egypt!^{(FD) 5} And now, do not be distressed^(FE) and do not be angry with yourselves for selling me here,^(FF) because it was to save lives that God sent me ahead of you.^{(FG) 6} For two years now there has been famine^(FH) in the land, and for the next five years there will be no plowing and reaping. ⁷ But God sent me ahead of you to preserve for you a remnant^(FI) on earth and to save your lives by a great deliverance.^[b](FJ)

⁸ “So then, it was not you who sent me here, but God.^(FK) He made me father^(FL) to Pharaoh, lord of his entire household and ruler of all Egypt.^{(FM) 9} Now hurry^(FN) back to my father and say to him, ‘This is what your son Joseph says: God has made me lord of all Egypt. Come down to me; don’t delay.^{(FO) 10} You shall live in the region of Goshen^(FP) and be near me—you, your children and grandchildren, your flocks and herds, and all you have.^{(FQ) 11} I will provide for you there,^(FR) because five years of famine^(FS) are still to come. Otherwise you and your household and all who belong to you will become destitute.’^(FT)

¹² “You can see for yourselves, and so can my brother Benjamin,^(FU) that it is really I who am speaking to you.^{(FV) 13} Tell my father about all the honor accorded me in Egypt^(FW) and about everything you have seen. And bring my father down here quickly.^(FX)”

¹⁴ Then he threw his arms around his brother Benjamin and wept, and Benjamin^(FY) embraced him,^(FZ) weeping. ¹⁵ And he kissed^(GA) all his brothers and wept over them.^(GB) Afterward his brothers talked with him.^(GC)

¹⁶ When the news reached Pharaoh’s palace that Joseph’s brothers had come,^(GD) Pharaoh and all his officials^(GE) were pleased.^{(GF) 17} Pharaoh said to Joseph, “Tell your brothers, ‘Do this: Load your animals^(GG) and return to the land of Canaan,^{(GH) 18} and bring your father and your families back to me. I will give you the best of the land of Egypt^(GI) and you can enjoy the fat of the land.’^(GJ)

¹⁹ “You are also directed to tell them, ‘Do this: Take some carts^(GK) from Egypt for your children and your wives, and get your father and come. ²⁰ Never mind about your belongings,^(GL) because the best of all Egypt^(GM) will be yours.’”

²¹ So the sons of Israel did this. Joseph gave them carts,^(GN) as Pharaoh had commanded, and he also gave them provisions for their journey.^{(GO) 22} To each of them he gave new clothing,^(GP) but to Benjamin he gave three hundred shekels^[c] of silver and five sets of clothes.^{(GQ) 23} And this is what he sent to his father: ten donkeys^(GR) loaded with the best things^(GS) of Egypt, and ten female donkeys loaded with grain and bread and other provisions for his journey.^{(GT) 24} Then he sent his brothers away, and as they were leaving he said to them, “Don’t quarrel on the way!”^(GU)

²⁵ So they went up out of Egypt^(GV) and came to their father Jacob in the land of Canaan.^{(GW) 26} They told him, “Joseph is still alive! In fact, he is ruler of all Egypt.”^(GX) Jacob was stunned; he did not believe them.^{(GY) 27} But when they told him everything Joseph had said to them, and when he saw the carts^(GZ) Joseph had sent to carry him back, the spirit of their father Jacob revived. ²⁸ And Israel said, “I’m convinced!^(HA) My son Joseph is still alive. I will go and see him before I die.”^(HB)