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Leviticus 24-25
New Revised Standard Version Updated Edition
Leviticus 24-25
New Revised Standard Version Updated Edition
The Lamp
24 The Lord spoke to Moses, saying, 2 “Command the Israelites to bring you pure oil of beaten olives for the lamp, that a light may be kept burning regularly.(A) 3 Aaron shall set it up in the tent of meeting, outside the curtain of the covenant, to burn from evening to morning before the Lord regularly; it shall be a statute forever throughout your generations. 4 He shall set up the lamps on the lampstand of pure gold[a] before the Lord regularly.(B)
The Bread for the Tabernacle
5 “You shall take choice flour and bake twelve loaves of it; two-tenths of an ephah shall be in each loaf.(C) 6 You shall place them in two rows, six in a row, on the table of pure gold before the Lord.[b](D) 7 You shall put pure frankincense with each row, to be a token offering for the bread, as an offering by fire[c] to the Lord. 8 Every Sabbath day Aaron shall set them in order before the Lord regularly as a commitment of the Israelites, as a covenant forever.(E) 9 They shall be for Aaron and his descendants, who shall eat them in a holy place, for they are most holy portions for him from the offerings by fire[d] to the Lord, a perpetual due.”(F)
Blasphemy and Its Punishment
10 A man whose mother was an Israelite and whose father was an Egyptian came out among the Israelites, and the Israelite woman’s son and a certain Israelite began fighting in the camp. 11 The Israelite woman’s son blasphemed the Name in a curse. And they brought him to Moses—now his mother’s name was Shelomith daughter of Dibri, of the tribe of Dan(G)— 12 and they put him in custody, until the decision of the Lord should be made clear to them.(H)
13 The Lord spoke to Moses, saying, 14 “Take the blasphemer outside the camp, and let all who were within hearing lay their hands on his head, and let the whole congregation stone him.(I) 15 And speak to the Israelites, saying: Anyone who curses God shall incur guilt. 16 One who blasphemes the name of the Lord shall be put to death; the whole congregation shall stone the blasphemer. Aliens as well as the native-born, when they blaspheme the Name, shall be put to death.(J) 17 Anyone who kills a human being shall be put to death.(K) 18 Anyone who kills an animal shall make restitution for it, life for life.(L) 19 Anyone who maims another shall suffer the same injury in return: 20 fracture for fracture, eye for eye, tooth for tooth; the injury inflicted is the injury to be suffered.(M) 21 One who kills an animal shall make restitution for it, but one who kills a human being shall be put to death.(N) 22 You shall have one law for the alien and for the native-born, for I am the Lord your God.”(O) 23 Moses spoke thus to the Israelites, and they took the blasphemer outside the camp and stoned him to death. The Israelites did as the Lord had commanded Moses.
The Sabbatical Year
25 The Lord spoke to Moses on Mount Sinai, saying, 2 “Speak to the Israelites and say to them: When you enter the land that I am giving you, the land shall observe a Sabbath for the Lord.(P) 3 Six years you shall sow your field, and six years you shall prune your vineyard and gather in their yield, 4 but in the seventh year there shall be a Sabbath of complete rest for the land, a Sabbath for the Lord: you shall not sow your field or prune your vineyard. 5 You shall not reap the aftergrowth of your harvest or gather the grapes of your unpruned vine: it shall be a year of complete rest for the land. 6 You may eat what the land yields during its Sabbath—you, your male and female slaves, your hired and your bound laborers who live with you,(Q) 7 for your livestock also, and for the wild animals in your land all its yield shall be for food.
The Year of Jubilee
8 “You shall count off seven weeks[e] of years, seven times seven years, so that the period of seven weeks of years gives forty-nine years. 9 Then you shall have the trumpet sounded loud; on the tenth day of the seventh month—on the Day of Atonement—you shall have the trumpet sounded throughout all your land.(R) 10 And you shall hallow the fiftieth year, and you shall proclaim liberty throughout the land to all its inhabitants. It shall be a Jubilee for you: you shall return, every one of you, to your property and every one of you to your family.(S) 11 That fiftieth year shall be a Jubilee for you: you shall not sow or reap the aftergrowth or harvest the unpruned vines. 12 For it is a Jubilee; it shall be holy to you: you shall eat only what the field itself produces.
13 “In this year of Jubilee you shall return, every one of you, to your property.(T) 14 When you make a sale to your neighbor or buy from your neighbor, you shall not cheat one another.(U) 15 When you buy from your neighbor, you shall pay only for the number of years until the Jubilee; the seller shall charge you only for the remaining crop years.(V) 16 If the years are more, you shall increase the price, and if the years are fewer, you shall diminish the price, for it is a certain number of harvests that are being sold to you. 17 You shall not cheat one another, but you shall fear your God, for I am the Lord your God.(W)
18 “You shall observe my statutes and faithfully keep my ordinances, so that you may live on the land securely.(X) 19 The land will yield its fruit, and you will eat your fill and live on it securely. 20 Should you ask, ‘What shall we eat in the seventh year, if we may not sow or gather in our crop?’(Y) 21 I will order my blessing for you in the sixth year, so that it will yield a crop for three years. 22 When you sow in the eighth year, you will be eating from the old crop; until the ninth year, when its produce comes in, you shall eat the old.(Z) 23 The land shall not be sold in perpetuity, for the land is mine; with me you are but aliens and tenants.(AA) 24 Throughout the land that you hold, you shall provide for the redemption of the land.
25 “If anyone of your kin falls into difficulty and sells a piece of property, then the next of kin shall come and redeem what the relative has sold.(AB) 26 If the person has no one to redeem it but then prospers and finds sufficient means to do so, 27 the years since its sale shall be computed and the difference refunded to the person to whom it was sold, and the property shall be returned.(AC) 28 But if there are not sufficient means to recover it, what was sold shall remain with the purchaser until the year of Jubilee; in the Jubilee it shall be released, and the property shall be returned.(AD)
29 “If anyone sells a dwelling house in a walled city, it may be redeemed until a year has elapsed since its sale; the right of redemption shall be one year. 30 If it is not redeemed before a full year has elapsed, a house that is in a walled city shall pass in perpetuity to the purchaser, throughout the generations; it shall not be released in the Jubilee. 31 But houses in villages that have no walls around them shall be classed as open country; they may be redeemed, and they shall be released in the Jubilee. 32 As for the cities of the Levites, the Levites shall forever have the right of redemption of the houses in the cities belonging to them.(AE) 33 Whatever property of the Levites that may be redeemed, that is, houses sold in a city belonging to them, shall be released in the Jubilee, for the houses in the cities of the Levites are their possession among the Israelites. 34 But the pasturelands around their cities may not be sold, for that is their possession for all time.
35 “If any of your kin fall into difficulty and become dependent on you,[f] you shall support them; they shall live with you as though resident aliens.(AF) 36 Do not take interest in advance or otherwise make a profit from them, but fear your God; let them live with you.(AG) 37 You shall not lend them your money at interest taken in advance or provide them food at a profit. 38 I am the Lord your God who brought you out of the land of Egypt, to give you the land of Canaan, to be your God.(AH)
39 “If any who are dependent on you become so impoverished that they sell themselves to you, you shall not make them serve as slaves.(AI) 40 They shall remain with you as hired or bound laborers. They shall serve with you until the year of the Jubilee. 41 Then they and their children with them shall go out from your authority; they shall go back to their own family and return to their ancestral property.(AJ) 42 For they are my servants whom I brought out of the land of Egypt; they shall not be sold as slaves are sold. 43 You shall not rule over them with harshness but shall fear your God.(AK) 44 As for the male and female slaves whom you may have, it is from the nations around you that you may acquire male and female slaves. 45 You may also acquire them from among the aliens residing with you and from their families who are with you who have been born in your land; they may be your property.(AL) 46 You may keep them as a possession for your children after you, for them to inherit as property. These you may treat as slaves, but as for your fellow Israelites, no one shall rule over the other with harshness.(AM)
47 “If resident aliens among you prosper, and if any of your kin fall into difficulty with one of them and sell themselves to an alien or to a branch of the alien’s family, 48 even after they have sold themselves they shall have the right of redemption; one of their brothers may redeem them,(AN) 49 or their uncle or their uncle’s son may redeem them, or anyone of their family who is of their own flesh may redeem them, or if they prosper they may redeem themselves.(AO) 50 They shall compute with the purchaser the total from the year when they sold themselves to the alien until the Jubilee year; the price of the sale shall be applied to the number of years: the time they were with the owner shall be rated as the time of a hired laborer.(AP) 51 If many years remain, they shall pay for their redemption in proportion to the purchase price,(AQ) 52 and if few years remain until the Jubilee year, they shall compute thus: according to the years involved they shall make payment for their redemption. 53 As a laborer hired by the year they shall be under the alien’s authority, who shall not, however, rule with harshness over them in your sight. 54 And if they have not been redeemed in any of these ways, they and their children with them shall go out in the Jubilee year. 55 For to me the Israelites are servants; they are my servants whom I brought out from the land of Egypt: I am the Lord your God.
Leviticus 24-25
New International Version
Leviticus 24-25
New International Version
Olive Oil and Bread Set Before the Lord(A)
24 The Lord said to Moses, 2 “Command the Israelites to bring you clear oil of pressed olives for the light so that the lamps may be kept burning continually. 3 Outside the curtain that shields the ark of the covenant law in the tent of meeting, Aaron is to tend the lamps before the Lord from evening till morning, continually. This is to be a lasting ordinance(B) for the generations to come. 4 The lamps on the pure gold lampstand(C) before the Lord must be tended continually.
5 “Take the finest flour and bake twelve loaves of bread,(D) using two-tenths of an ephah[a](E) for each loaf. 6 Arrange them in two stacks, six in each stack, on the table of pure gold(F) before the Lord. 7 By each stack put some pure incense(G) as a memorial[b] portion(H) to represent the bread and to be a food offering presented to the Lord. 8 This bread is to be set out before the Lord regularly,(I) Sabbath after Sabbath,(J) on behalf of the Israelites, as a lasting covenant. 9 It belongs to Aaron and his sons,(K) who are to eat it in the sanctuary area,(L) because it is a most holy(M) part of their perpetual share of the food offerings presented to the Lord.”
A Blasphemer Put to Death
10 Now the son of an Israelite mother and an Egyptian father went out among the Israelites, and a fight broke out in the camp between him and an Israelite. 11 The son of the Israelite woman blasphemed the Name(N) with a curse;(O) so they brought him to Moses.(P) (His mother’s name was Shelomith, the daughter of Dibri the Danite.)(Q) 12 They put him in custody until the will of the Lord should be made clear to them.(R)
13 Then the Lord said to Moses: 14 “Take the blasphemer outside the camp. All those who heard him are to lay their hands on his head, and the entire assembly is to stone him.(S) 15 Say to the Israelites: ‘Anyone who curses their God(T) will be held responsible;(U) 16 anyone who blasphemes(V) the name of the Lord is to be put to death.(W) The entire assembly must stone them. Whether foreigner or native-born, when they blaspheme the Name they are to be put to death.
17 “‘Anyone who takes the life of a human being is to be put to death.(X) 18 Anyone who takes the life of someone’s animal must make restitution(Y)—life for life. 19 Anyone who injures their neighbor is to be injured in the same manner: 20 fracture for fracture, eye for eye, tooth for tooth.(Z) The one who has inflicted the injury must suffer the same injury. 21 Whoever kills an animal must make restitution,(AA) but whoever kills a human being is to be put to death.(AB) 22 You are to have the same law for the foreigner(AC) and the native-born.(AD) I am the Lord your God.’”
23 Then Moses spoke to the Israelites, and they took the blasphemer outside the camp and stoned him.(AE) The Israelites did as the Lord commanded Moses.
The Sabbath Year
25 The Lord said to Moses at Mount Sinai,(AF) 2 “Speak to the Israelites and say to them: ‘When you enter the land I am going to give you, the land itself must observe a sabbath to the Lord. 3 For six years sow your fields, and for six years prune your vineyards and gather their crops.(AG) 4 But in the seventh year the land is to have a year of sabbath rest,(AH) a sabbath to the Lord. Do not sow your fields or prune your vineyards.(AI) 5 Do not reap what grows of itself(AJ) or harvest the grapes(AK) of your untended vines.(AL) The land is to have a year of rest. 6 Whatever the land yields during the sabbath year(AM) will be food for you—for yourself, your male and female servants, and the hired worker and temporary resident who live among you, 7 as well as for your livestock and the wild animals(AN) in your land. Whatever the land produces may be eaten.
The Year of Jubilee(AO)(AP)
8 “‘Count off seven sabbath years—seven times seven years—so that the seven sabbath years amount to a period of forty-nine years. 9 Then have the trumpet(AQ) sounded everywhere on the tenth day of the seventh month;(AR) on the Day of Atonement(AS) sound the trumpet throughout your land. 10 Consecrate the fiftieth year and proclaim liberty(AT) throughout the land to all its inhabitants. It shall be a jubilee(AU) for you; each of you is to return to your family property(AV) and to your own clan. 11 The fiftieth year shall be a jubilee(AW) for you; do not sow and do not reap what grows of itself or harvest the untended vines.(AX) 12 For it is a jubilee and is to be holy for you; eat only what is taken directly from the fields.
13 “‘In this Year of Jubilee(AY) everyone is to return to their own property.
14 “‘If you sell land to any of your own people or buy land from them, do not take advantage of each other.(AZ) 15 You are to buy from your own people on the basis of the number of years(BA) since the Jubilee. And they are to sell to you on the basis of the number of years left for harvesting crops. 16 When the years are many, you are to increase the price, and when the years are few, you are to decrease the price,(BB) because what is really being sold to you is the number of crops. 17 Do not take advantage of each other,(BC) but fear your God.(BD) I am the Lord your God.(BE)
18 “‘Follow my decrees and be careful to obey my laws,(BF) and you will live safely in the land.(BG) 19 Then the land will yield its fruit,(BH) and you will eat your fill and live there in safety.(BI) 20 You may ask, “What will we eat in the seventh year(BJ) if we do not plant or harvest our crops?” 21 I will send you such a blessing(BK) in the sixth year that the land will yield enough for three years.(BL) 22 While you plant during the eighth year, you will eat from the old crop and will continue to eat from it until the harvest of the ninth year comes in.(BM)
23 “‘The land(BN) must not be sold permanently, because the land is mine(BO) and you reside in my land as foreigners(BP) and strangers. 24 Throughout the land that you hold as a possession, you must provide for the redemption(BQ) of the land.
25 “‘If one of your fellow Israelites becomes poor and sells some of their property, their nearest relative(BR) is to come and redeem(BS) what they have sold. 26 If, however, there is no one to redeem it for them but later on they prosper(BT) and acquire sufficient means to redeem it themselves, 27 they are to determine the value for the years(BU) since they sold it and refund the balance to the one to whom they sold it; they can then go back to their own property.(BV) 28 But if they do not acquire the means to repay, what was sold will remain in the possession of the buyer until the Year of Jubilee. It will be returned(BW) in the Jubilee, and they can then go back to their property.(BX)
29 “‘Anyone who sells a house in a walled city retains the right of redemption a full year after its sale. During that time the seller may redeem it. 30 If it is not redeemed before a full year has passed, the house in the walled city shall belong permanently to the buyer and the buyer’s descendants. It is not to be returned in the Jubilee. 31 But houses in villages without walls around them are to be considered as belonging to the open country. They can be redeemed, and they are to be returned in the Jubilee.
32 “‘The Levites always have the right to redeem their houses in the Levitical towns,(BY) which they possess. 33 So the property of the Levites is redeemable—that is, a house sold in any town they hold—and is to be returned in the Jubilee, because the houses in the towns of the Levites are their property among the Israelites. 34 But the pastureland belonging to their towns must not be sold; it is their permanent possession.(BZ)
35 “‘If any of your fellow Israelites become poor(CA) and are unable to support themselves among you, help them(CB) as you would a foreigner and stranger, so they can continue to live among you. 36 Do not take interest(CC) or any profit from them, but fear your God,(CD) so that they may continue to live among you. 37 You must not lend them money at interest(CE) or sell them food at a profit. 38 I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of Egypt to give you the land of Canaan(CF) and to be your God.(CG)
39 “‘If any of your fellow Israelites become poor and sell themselves to you, do not make them work as slaves.(CH) 40 They are to be treated as hired workers(CI) or temporary residents among you; they are to work for you until the Year of Jubilee. 41 Then they and their children are to be released, and they will go back to their own clans and to the property(CJ) of their ancestors.(CK) 42 Because the Israelites are my servants, whom I brought out of Egypt,(CL) they must not be sold as slaves. 43 Do not rule over them ruthlessly,(CM) but fear your God.(CN)
44 “‘Your male and female slaves are to come from the nations around you; from them you may buy slaves. 45 You may also buy some of the temporary residents living among you and members of their clans born in your country, and they will become your property. 46 You can bequeath them to your children as inherited property and can make them slaves for life, but you must not rule over your fellow Israelites ruthlessly.
47 “‘If a foreigner residing among you becomes rich and any of your fellow Israelites become poor and sell themselves(CO) to the foreigner or to a member of the foreigner’s clan, 48 they retain the right of redemption(CP) after they have sold themselves. One of their relatives(CQ) may redeem them: 49 An uncle or a cousin or any blood relative in their clan may redeem them. Or if they prosper,(CR) they may redeem themselves. 50 They and their buyer are to count the time from the year they sold themselves up to the Year of Jubilee.(CS) The price for their release is to be based on the rate paid to a hired worker(CT) for that number of years. 51 If many years remain, they must pay for their redemption a larger share of the price paid for them. 52 If only a few years remain until the Year of Jubilee, they are to compute that and pay for their redemption accordingly.(CU) 53 They are to be treated as workers hired from year to year; you must see to it that those to whom they owe service do not rule over them ruthlessly.(CV)
54 “‘Even if someone is not redeemed in any of these ways, they and their children are to be released in the Year of Jubilee, 55 for the Israelites belong to me as servants. They are my servants, whom I brought out of Egypt.(CW) I am the Lord your God.(CX)
Footnotes
- Leviticus 24:5 That is, probably about 7 pounds or about 3.2 kilograms
- Leviticus 24:7 Or representative
New Revised Standard Version Updated Edition (NRSVUE)
New Revised Standard Version, Updated Edition. Copyright © 2021 National Council of Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide.
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