12 [a]Ephraim(A) feeds on the wind;(B)
    he pursues the east wind all day
    and multiplies lies and violence.(C)
He makes a treaty with Assyria(D)
    and sends olive oil to Egypt.(E)
The Lord has a charge(F) to bring against Judah;(G)
    he will punish(H) Jacob[b] according to his ways
    and repay him according to his deeds.(I)
In the womb he grasped his brother’s heel;(J)
    as a man he struggled(K) with God.
He struggled with the angel and overcame him;
    he wept and begged for his favor.
He found him at Bethel(L)
    and talked with him there—
the Lord God Almighty,
    the Lord is his name!(M)
But you must return(N) to your God;
    maintain love and justice,(O)
    and wait for your God always.(P)

The merchant uses dishonest scales(Q)
    and loves to defraud.
Ephraim boasts,(R)
    “I am very rich; I have become wealthy.(S)
With all my wealth they will not find in me
    any iniquity or sin.”

“I have been the Lord your God
    ever since you came out of Egypt;(T)
I will make you live in tents(U) again,
    as in the days of your appointed festivals.
10 I spoke to the prophets,
    gave them many visions
    and told parables(V) through them.”(W)

11 Is Gilead wicked?(X)
    Its people are worthless!
Do they sacrifice bulls in Gilgal?(Y)
    Their altars will be like piles of stones
    on a plowed field.(Z)
12 Jacob fled to the country of Aram[c];(AA)
    Israel served to get a wife,
    and to pay for her he tended sheep.(AB)
13 The Lord used a prophet to bring Israel up from Egypt,(AC)
    by a prophet he cared for him.(AD)
14 But Ephraim has aroused his bitter anger;
    his Lord will leave on him the guilt of his bloodshed(AE)
    and will repay him for his contempt.(AF)

The Lord’s Anger Against Israel

13 When Ephraim spoke, people trembled;(AG)
    he was exalted(AH) in Israel.
    But he became guilty of Baal worship(AI) and died.
Now they sin more and more;
    they make(AJ) idols for themselves from their silver,(AK)
cleverly fashioned images,
    all of them the work of craftsmen.(AL)
It is said of these people,
    “They offer human sacrifices!
    They kiss[d](AM) calf-idols!(AN)
Therefore they will be like the morning mist,
    like the early dew that disappears,(AO)
    like chaff(AP) swirling from a threshing floor,(AQ)
    like smoke(AR) escaping through a window.

“But I have been the Lord your God
    ever since you came out of Egypt.(AS)
You shall acknowledge(AT) no God but me,(AU)
    no Savior(AV) except me.
I cared for you in the wilderness,(AW)
    in the land of burning heat.
When I fed them, they were satisfied;
    when they were satisfied, they became proud;(AX)
    then they forgot(AY) me.(AZ)
So I will be like a lion(BA) to them,
    like a leopard I will lurk by the path.
Like a bear robbed of her cubs,(BB)
    I will attack them and rip them open;
like a lion(BC) I will devour them—
    a wild animal will tear them apart.(BD)

“You are destroyed, Israel,
    because you are against me,(BE) against your helper.(BF)
10 Where is your king,(BG) that he may save you?
    Where are your rulers in all your towns,
of whom you said,
    ‘Give me a king and princes’?(BH)
11 So in my anger I gave you a king,(BI)
    and in my wrath I took him away.(BJ)
12 The guilt of Ephraim is stored up,
    his sins are kept on record.(BK)
13 Pains as of a woman in childbirth(BL) come to him,
    but he is a child without wisdom;
when the time(BM) arrives,
    he doesn’t have the sense to come out of the womb.(BN)

14 “I will deliver this people from the power of the grave;(BO)
    I will redeem them from death.(BP)
Where, O death, are your plagues?
    Where, O grave, is your destruction?(BQ)

“I will have no compassion,
15     even though he thrives(BR) among his brothers.
An east wind(BS) from the Lord will come,
    blowing in from the desert;
his spring will fail
    and his well dry up.(BT)
His storehouse will be plundered(BU)
    of all its treasures.
16 The people of Samaria(BV) must bear their guilt,(BW)
    because they have rebelled(BX) against their God.
They will fall by the sword;(BY)
    their little ones will be dashed(BZ) to the ground,
    their pregnant women(CA) ripped open.”[e]

Repentance to Bring Blessing

14 [f]Return,(CB) Israel, to the Lord your God.
    Your sins(CC) have been your downfall!(CD)
Take words with you
    and return to the Lord.
Say to him:
    “Forgive(CE) all our sins
and receive us graciously,(CF)
    that we may offer the fruit of our lips.[g](CG)
Assyria cannot save us;(CH)
    we will not mount warhorses.(CI)
We will never again say ‘Our gods’(CJ)
    to what our own hands have made,(CK)
    for in you the fatherless(CL) find compassion.”

“I will heal(CM) their waywardness(CN)
    and love them freely,(CO)
    for my anger has turned away(CP) from them.
I will be like the dew(CQ) to Israel;
    he will blossom like a lily.(CR)
Like a cedar of Lebanon(CS)
    he will send down his roots;(CT)
    his young shoots will grow.
His splendor will be like an olive tree,(CU)
    his fragrance like a cedar of Lebanon.(CV)
People will dwell again in his shade;(CW)
    they will flourish like the grain,
they will blossom(CX) like the vine—
    Israel’s fame will be like the wine(CY) of Lebanon.(CZ)
Ephraim, what more have I[h] to do with idols?(DA)
    I will answer him and care for him.
I am like a flourishing juniper;(DB)
    your fruitfulness comes from me.”

Who is wise?(DC) Let them realize these things.
    Who is discerning? Let them understand.(DD)
The ways of the Lord are right;(DE)
    the righteous walk(DF) in them,
    but the rebellious stumble in them.

The word of the Lord that came(DG) to Joel(DH) son of Pethuel.

An Invasion of Locusts

Hear this,(DI) you elders;(DJ)
    listen, all who live in the land.(DK)
Has anything like this ever happened in your days
    or in the days of your ancestors?(DL)
Tell it to your children,(DM)
    and let your children tell it to their children,
    and their children to the next generation.(DN)
What the locust(DO) swarm has left
    the great locusts have eaten;
what the great locusts have left
    the young locusts have eaten;
what the young locusts have left(DP)
    other locusts[i] have eaten.(DQ)

Wake up, you drunkards, and weep!
    Wail, all you drinkers of wine;(DR)
wail because of the new wine,
    for it has been snatched(DS) from your lips.
A nation has invaded my land,
    a mighty army without number;(DT)
it has the teeth(DU) of a lion,
    the fangs of a lioness.
It has laid waste(DV) my vines
    and ruined my fig trees.(DW)
It has stripped off their bark
    and thrown it away,
    leaving their branches white.

Mourn like a virgin in sackcloth(DX)
    grieving for the betrothed of her youth.
Grain offerings and drink offerings(DY)
    are cut off from the house of the Lord.
The priests are in mourning,(DZ)
    those who minister before the Lord.
10 The fields are ruined,
    the ground is dried up;(EA)
the grain is destroyed,
    the new wine(EB) is dried up,
    the olive oil fails.(EC)

11 Despair, you farmers,(ED)
    wail, you vine growers;
grieve for the wheat and the barley,(EE)
    because the harvest of the field is destroyed.(EF)
12 The vine is dried up
    and the fig tree is withered;(EG)
the pomegranate,(EH) the palm and the apple[j] tree—
    all the trees of the field—are dried up.(EI)
Surely the people’s joy
    is withered away.

A Call to Lamentation

13 Put on sackcloth,(EJ) you priests, and mourn;
    wail, you who minister(EK) before the altar.
Come, spend the night in sackcloth,
    you who minister before my God;
for the grain offerings and drink offerings(EL)
    are withheld from the house of your God.
14 Declare a holy fast;(EM)
    call a sacred assembly.
Summon the elders
    and all who live in the land(EN)
to the house of the Lord your God,
    and cry out(EO) to the Lord.(EP)

15 Alas for that(EQ) day!
    For the day of the Lord(ER) is near;
    it will come like destruction from the Almighty.[k](ES)

16 Has not the food been cut off(ET)
    before our very eyes—
joy and gladness(EU)
    from the house of our God?(EV)
17 The seeds are shriveled
    beneath the clods.[l](EW)
The storehouses are in ruins,
    the granaries have been broken down,
    for the grain has dried up.
18 How the cattle moan!
    The herds mill about
because they have no pasture;(EX)
    even the flocks of sheep are suffering.(EY)

19 To you, Lord, I call,(EZ)
    for fire(FA) has devoured the pastures(FB) in the wilderness
    and flames have burned up all the trees of the field.
20 Even the wild animals pant for you;(FC)
    the streams of water have dried up(FD)
    and fire has devoured the pastures(FE) in the wilderness.

Footnotes

  1. Hosea 12:1 In Hebrew texts 12:1-14 is numbered 12:2-15.
  2. Hosea 12:2 Jacob means he grasps the heel, a Hebrew idiom for he takes advantage of or he deceives.
  3. Hosea 12:12 That is, Northwest Mesopotamia
  4. Hosea 13:2 Or “Men who sacrifice / kiss
  5. Hosea 13:16 In Hebrew texts this verse (13:16) is numbered 14:1.
  6. Hosea 14:1 In Hebrew texts 14:1-9 is numbered 14:2-10.
  7. Hosea 14:2 Or offer our lips as sacrifices of bulls
  8. Hosea 14:8 Or Hebrew; Septuagint What more has Ephraim
  9. Joel 1:4 The precise meaning of the four Hebrew words used here for locusts is uncertain.
  10. Joel 1:12 Or possibly apricot
  11. Joel 1:15 Hebrew Shaddai
  12. Joel 1:17 The meaning of the Hebrew for this word is uncertain.

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