10 They are only a matter of food(A) and drink(B) and various ceremonial washings(C)—external regulations(D) applying until the time of the new order.

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16 one who has become a priest not on the basis of a regulation as to his ancestry but on the basis of the power of an indestructible life.

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Freedom From Human Rules

16 Therefore do not let anyone judge you(A) by what you eat or drink,(B) or with regard to a religious festival,(C) a New Moon celebration(D) or a Sabbath day.(E)

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24 He shall bathe himself with water in the sanctuary area(A) and put on his regular garments.(B) Then he shall come out and sacrifice the burnt offering for himself and the burnt offering for the people,(C) to make atonement for himself and for the people.(D)

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Do not be carried away by all kinds of strange teachings.(A) It is good for our hearts to be strengthened(B) by grace, not by eating ceremonial foods,(C) which is of no benefit to those who do so.(D)

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22 let us draw near to God(A) with a sincere heart and with the full assurance that faith brings,(B) having our hearts sprinkled to cleanse us from a guilty conscience(C) and having our bodies washed with pure water.(D)

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who have tasted the goodness(A) of the word of God(B) and the powers of the coming age

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20 Since you died with Christ(A) to the elemental spiritual forces of this world,(B) why, as though you still belonged to the world, do you submit to its rules:(C) 21 “Do not handle! Do not taste! Do not touch!”? 22 These rules, which have to do with things that are all destined to perish(D) with use, are based on merely human commands and teachings.(E)

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15 by setting aside in his flesh(A) the law with its commands and regulations.(B) His purpose was to create in himself one(C) new humanity out of the two, thus making peace,

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10 to be put into effect when the times reach their fulfillment(A)—to bring unity to all things in heaven and on earth under Christ.(B)

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So also, when we were underage, we were in slavery(A) under the elemental spiritual forces[a] of the world.(B) But when the set time had fully come,(C) God sent his Son,(D) born of a woman,(E) born under the law,(F)

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Footnotes

  1. Galatians 4:3 Or under the basic principles

14 Then I said, “Not so, Sovereign Lord!(A) I have never defiled myself. From my youth until now I have never eaten anything found dead(B) or torn by wild animals. No impure meat has ever entered my mouth.(C)

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11 But as evening approaches he is to wash himself, and at sunset(A) he may return to the camp.(B)

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Then all the elders of the town nearest the body shall wash their hands(A) over the heifer whose neck was broken in the valley,

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He is to put on the sacred linen tunic,(A) with linen undergarments next to his body; he is to tie the linen sash around him and put on the linen turban.(B) These are sacred garments;(C) so he must bathe himself with water(D) before he puts them on.(E)

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“Say to the Israelites: ‘Of all the animals that live on land, these are the ones you may eat:(A) You may eat any animal that has a divided hoof and that chews the cud.

“‘There are some that only chew the cud or only have a divided hoof, but you must not eat them.(B) The camel, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is ceremonially unclean for you. The hyrax, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is unclean for you. The rabbit, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is unclean for you. And the pig,(C) though it has a divided hoof, does not chew the cud; it is unclean for you. You must not eat their meat or touch their carcasses; they are unclean for you.(D)

“‘Of all the creatures living in the water of the seas and the streams you may eat any that have fins and scales. 10 But all creatures in the seas or streams that do not have fins and scales—whether among all the swarming things or among all the other living creatures in the water—you are to regard as unclean.(E) 11 And since you are to regard them as unclean, you must not eat their meat; you must regard their carcasses as unclean.(F) 12 Anything living in the water that does not have fins and scales is to be regarded as unclean by you.(G)

13 “‘These are the birds you are to regard as unclean and not eat because they are unclean: the eagle,[a] the vulture, the black vulture, 14 the red kite, any kind(H) of black kite, 15 any kind of raven,(I) 16 the horned owl, the screech owl, the gull, any kind of hawk, 17 the little owl, the cormorant, the great owl, 18 the white owl,(J) the desert owl, the osprey, 19 the stork,(K) any kind(L) of heron, the hoopoe and the bat.(M)

20 “‘All flying insects that walk on all fours are to be regarded as unclean by you.(N) 21 There are, however, some flying insects that walk on all fours that you may eat: those that have jointed legs for hopping on the ground. 22 Of these you may eat any kind of locust,(O) katydid, cricket or grasshopper. 23 But all other flying insects that have four legs you are to regard as unclean.

24 “‘You will make yourselves unclean by these;(P) whoever touches their carcasses will be unclean till evening.(Q) 25 Whoever picks up one of their carcasses must wash their clothes,(R) and they will be unclean till evening.(S)

26 “‘Every animal that does not have a divided hoof or that does not chew the cud is unclean for you; whoever touches the carcass of any of them will be unclean. 27 Of all the animals that walk on all fours, those that walk on their paws are unclean for you; whoever touches their carcasses will be unclean till evening. 28 Anyone who picks up their carcasses must wash their clothes, and they will be unclean till evening.(T) These animals are unclean for you.

29 “‘Of the animals that move along the ground, these are unclean for you:(U) the weasel, the rat,(V) any kind of great lizard, 30 the gecko, the monitor lizard, the wall lizard, the skink and the chameleon. 31 Of all those that move along the ground, these are unclean for you. Whoever touches them when they are dead will be unclean till evening. 32 When one of them dies and falls on something, that article, whatever its use, will be unclean, whether it is made of wood, cloth, hide or sackcloth.(W) Put it in water; it will be unclean till evening, and then it will be clean. 33 If one of them falls into a clay pot, everything in it will be unclean, and you must break the pot.(X) 34 Any food you are allowed to eat that has come into contact with water from any such pot is unclean, and any liquid that is drunk from such a pot is unclean. 35 Anything that one of their carcasses falls on becomes unclean; an oven or cooking pot must be broken up. They are unclean, and you are to regard them as unclean. 36 A spring, however, or a cistern for collecting water remains clean, but anyone who touches one of these carcasses is unclean. 37 If a carcass falls on any seeds that are to be planted, they remain clean. 38 But if water has been put on the seed and a carcass falls on it, it is unclean for you.

39 “‘If an animal that you are allowed to eat dies,(Y) anyone who touches its carcass(Z) will be unclean till evening. 40 Anyone who eats some of its carcass(AA) must wash their clothes, and they will be unclean till evening.(AB) Anyone who picks up the carcass must wash their clothes, and they will be unclean till evening.

41 “‘Every creature that moves along the ground is to be regarded as unclean; it is not to be eaten. 42 You are not to eat any creature that moves along the ground, whether it moves on its belly or walks on all fours or on many feet; it is unclean. 43 Do not defile yourselves by any of these creatures.(AC) Do not make yourselves unclean by means of them or be made unclean by them. 44 I am the Lord your God;(AD) consecrate yourselves(AE) and be holy,(AF) because I am holy.(AG) Do not make yourselves unclean by any creature that moves along the ground.(AH) 45 I am the Lord, who brought you up out of Egypt(AI) to be your God;(AJ) therefore be holy, because I am holy.(AK)

46 “‘These are the regulations concerning animals, birds, every living thing that moves about in the water and every creature that moves along the ground. 47 You must distinguish between the unclean and the clean, between living creatures that may be eaten and those that may not be eaten.(AL)’”

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Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 11:13 The precise identification of some of the birds, insects and animals in this chapter is uncertain.

12 “Bring Aaron and his sons to the entrance to the tent of meeting(A) and wash them with water.(B)

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Worship in the Earthly Tabernacle

Now the first covenant had regulations for worship and also an earthly sanctuary.(A)

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instruction about cleansing rites,[a](A) the laying on of hands,(B) the resurrection of the dead,(C) and eternal judgment.

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Footnotes

  1. Hebrews 6:2 Or about baptisms

Jesus Made Fully Human

It is not to angels that he has subjected the world to come, about which we are speaking.

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But now that you know God—or rather are known by God(A)—how is it that you are turning back to those weak and miserable forces[a]? Do you wish to be enslaved(B) by them all over again?(C)

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Footnotes

  1. Galatians 4:9 Or principles

13 Then a voice told him, “Get up, Peter. Kill and eat.”

14 “Surely not, Lord!”(A) Peter replied. “I have never eaten anything impure or unclean.”(B)

15 The voice spoke to him a second time, “Do not call anything impure that God has made clean.”(C)

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When they come from the marketplace they do not eat unless they wash. And they observe many other traditions, such as the washing of cups, pitchers and kettles.[a])(A)

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Footnotes

  1. Mark 7:4 Some early manuscripts pitchers, kettles and dining couches

Do not eat any detestable thing.(A) These are the animals you may eat:(B) the ox, the sheep, the goat,(C) the deer,(D) the gazelle, the roe deer, the wild goat,(E) the ibex, the antelope and the mountain sheep.[a] You may eat any animal that has a divided hoof and that chews the cud. However, of those that chew the cud or that have a divided hoof you may not eat the camel, the rabbit or the hyrax. Although they chew the cud, they do not have a divided hoof; they are ceremonially unclean for you. The pig is also unclean; although it has a divided hoof, it does not chew the cud. You are not to eat their meat or touch their carcasses.(F)

Of all the creatures living in the water, you may eat any that has fins and scales. 10 But anything that does not have fins and scales you may not eat; for you it is unclean.

11 You may eat any clean bird. 12 But these you may not eat: the eagle, the vulture, the black vulture, 13 the red kite, the black kite, any kind(G) of falcon,(H) 14 any kind of raven,(I) 15 the horned owl, the screech owl, the gull, any kind of hawk, 16 the little owl, the great owl, the white owl, 17 the desert owl,(J) the osprey, the cormorant, 18 the stork, any kind of heron, the hoopoe and the bat.

19 All flying insects are unclean to you; do not eat them. 20 But any winged creature that is clean you may eat.(K)

21 Do not eat anything you find already dead.(L) You may give it to the foreigner residing in any of your towns, and they may eat it, or you may sell it to any other foreigner. But you are a people holy to the Lord your God.(M)

Do not cook a young goat in its mother’s milk.(N)

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Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 14:5 The precise identification of some of the birds and animals in this chapter is uncertain.

After that, the priest must wash his clothes and bathe himself with water.(A) He may then come into the camp, but he will be ceremonially unclean till evening. The man who burns it must also wash his clothes and bathe with water, and he too will be unclean till evening.

“A man who is clean shall gather up the ashes of the heifer(B) and put them in a ceremonially clean place(C) outside the camp. They are to be kept by the Israelite community for use in the water of cleansing;(D) it is for purification from sin.(E) 10 The man who gathers up(F) the ashes of the heifer must also wash his clothes, and he too will be unclean till evening.(G) This will be a lasting ordinance(H) both for the Israelites and for the foreigners residing among them.(I)

11 “Whoever touches a human corpse(J) will be unclean for seven days.(K) 12 They must purify themselves with the water on the third day and on the seventh day;(L) then they will be clean. But if they do not purify themselves on the third and seventh days, they will not be clean.(M) 13 If they fail to purify themselves after touching a human corpse,(N) they defile the Lord’s tabernacle.(O) They must be cut off from Israel.(P) Because the water of cleansing has not been sprinkled on them, they are unclean;(Q) their uncleanness remains on them.

14 “This is the law that applies when a person dies in a tent: Anyone who enters the tent and anyone who is in it will be unclean for seven days, 15 and every open container(R) without a lid fastened on it will be unclean.

16 “Anyone out in the open who touches someone who has been killed with a sword or someone who has died a natural death,(S) or anyone who touches a human bone(T) or a grave,(U) will be unclean for seven days.(V)

17 “For the unclean person, put some ashes(W) from the burned purification offering into a jar and pour fresh water(X) over them. 18 Then a man who is ceremonially clean is to take some hyssop,(Y) dip it in the water and sprinkle(Z) the tent and all the furnishings and the people who were there. He must also sprinkle anyone who has touched a human bone or a grave(AA) or anyone who has been killed or anyone who has died a natural death. 19 The man who is clean is to sprinkle(AB) those who are unclean on the third and seventh days, and on the seventh day he is to purify them.(AC) Those who are being cleansed must wash their clothes(AD) and bathe with water, and that evening they will be clean. 20 But if those who are unclean do not purify themselves, they must be cut off from the community, because they have defiled(AE) the sanctuary of the Lord.(AF) The water of cleansing has not been sprinkled on them, and they are unclean.(AG) 21 This is a lasting ordinance(AH) for them.

“The man who sprinkles the water of cleansing must also wash his clothes, and anyone who touches the water of cleansing will be unclean till evening.

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