Genesis 40-42
New American Standard Bible
Joseph Interprets Dreams
40 Then it came about after these things, that (A)the cupbearer and the baker for the king of Egypt offended their lord, the king of Egypt. 2 And Pharaoh was (B)furious with his two officials, the chief cupbearer and the chief baker. 3 So he put them in confinement in the house of the (C)captain of the bodyguard, in the prison, the same place where Joseph was imprisoned. 4 And the captain of the bodyguard put Joseph in charge of them, and he [a]took care of them; and they were in confinement for [b]some time. 5 Then the cupbearer and the baker for the king of Egypt, who were confined in the prison, both had a dream the same night, each man with his own dream and each dream with its own interpretation. 6 [c]When Joseph came to them in the morning and saw them, [d]behold, they were dejected. 7 So he asked Pharaoh’s officials who were with him in confinement in his master’s house, “[e](D)Why are your faces so sad today?” 8 And they said to him, “(E)We have [f]had a dream, and there is no one to interpret it.” Then Joseph said to them, “(F)Do interpretations not belong to God? Tell it to me, please.”
9 So the chief cupbearer told his dream to Joseph, [g]saying to him, “In my dream, [h]behold, there was a vine in front of me; 10 and on the vine were three branches. And as it was budding, its blossoms came out, and its clusters produced ripe grapes. 11 Now Pharaoh’s cup was in my hand; so I took the grapes and squeezed them into Pharaoh’s cup, and I put the cup into Pharaoh’s [i]hand.” 12 Then Joseph said to him, “This is the (G)interpretation of it: the three branches are three days; 13 within three more days Pharaoh will [j]lift up your head and restore you to your office; and you will put Pharaoh’s cup into his hand as in your former practice when you were his cupbearer. 14 Only [k]keep me in mind when it goes well for you, and please (H)do me a kindness [l]by mentioning me to Pharaoh, and get me out of this [m]prison. 15 For (I)I was in fact kidnapped from the land of the Hebrews, and even here I have done nothing that they should have put me into the [n]dungeon.”
16 When the chief baker saw that he had interpreted favorably, he said to Joseph, “I also saw in my dream, and behold, there were three baskets of white bread on my head; 17 and in the top basket there were some of all [o]kinds of baked food for Pharaoh, and the birds were eating them out of the basket on my head.” 18 Then Joseph answered and said, “This is its interpretation: the three baskets are three days; 19 within three more days Pharaoh will lift up your head from you and will hang you on a wooden post, and the birds will eat your flesh off you.”
20 So it came about on the third day, which was (J)Pharaoh’s birthday, that he held a feast for all his servants; (K)and he lifted up the head of the chief cupbearer and the head of the chief baker among his servants. 21 He restored the chief cupbearer to his [p]office, and (L)he put the cup into Pharaoh’s [q]hand; 22 but (M)he hanged the chief baker, just as Joseph had interpreted to them. 23 Yet the chief cupbearer did not remember Joseph, but (N)forgot him.
Pharaoh’s Dream
41 Now it happened at the end of two full years that Pharaoh had a dream, and behold, he was standing by the Nile. 2 And behold, from the Nile seven cows came up, fine-looking and [r]fat; and they grazed in the (O)marsh grass. 3 Then behold, seven other cows came up after them from the Nile, ugly and [s]thin, and they stood by the other cows on the bank of the Nile. 4 Then the ugly and [t]thin cows ate the seven fine-looking and fat cows. Then Pharaoh awoke. 5 But he fell asleep and dreamed a second time; and behold, seven ears of grain came up on a single stalk, plump and good. 6 Then behold, seven ears, thin and scorched by the east wind, sprouted up after them. 7 And the thin ears swallowed the seven plump and full ears. Then Pharaoh awoke, and behold, it was a dream. 8 Now in the morning (P)his spirit was troubled, so he sent messengers and called for all the (Q)soothsayer priests of Egypt, and all its (R)wise men. And Pharaoh told them his [u]dreams, but (S)there was no one who could interpret them for Pharaoh.
9 Then the chief cupbearer spoke to Pharaoh, saying, “I would make mention today of (T)my own [v]offenses. 10 Pharaoh was (U)furious with his servants, and (V)he put me in confinement in the house of the captain of the bodyguard, both me and the chief baker. 11 Then (W)we had a dream one night, [w]he and I; each of us dreamed according to the interpretation of his own dream. 12 Now a Hebrew youth was there with us, a (X)servant of the captain of the bodyguard, and we told him the dreams, and (Y)he interpreted our dreams for us. For each man he interpreted according to his own dream. 13 And just (Z)as he interpreted for us, so it happened; Pharaoh restored me in my office, but he hanged [x]the chief baker.”
Joseph Interprets
14 Then Pharaoh sent word and (AA)called for Joseph, and they (AB)hurriedly brought him out of the dungeon; and when he had shaved himself and changed his clothes, he came to Pharaoh. 15 Pharaoh said to Joseph, “I have had a dream, (AC)but no one can interpret it; and (AD)I have heard [y]it said about you, that [z]when you hear a dream you can interpret it.” 16 Joseph then answered Pharaoh, saying, “[aa](AE)It has nothing to do with me; (AF)God will [ab]give Pharaoh an answer for his own good.” 17 So Pharaoh said to Joseph, “In my dream, there I was, standing on the bank of the Nile; 18 and behold, seven cows, [ac]fat and fine-looking came up out of the Nile, and they grazed in the marsh grass. 19 Then behold, seven other cows came up after them, poor and very [ad]ugly and [ae]thin, such as I had never seen for [af]ugliness in all the land of Egypt; 20 and the thin and ugly cows ate the first seven fat cows. 21 Yet when they had [ag]devoured them, it could not be [ah]detected that they had [ai]devoured them, [aj]for they were just as ugly as [ak]before. Then I awoke. 22 I saw also in my dream, and behold, seven ears of grain, full and good, came up on a single stalk; 23 and behold, seven ears, withered, thin, and scorched by the east wind sprouted up after them; 24 and the thin ears swallowed the seven good ears. Then (AG)I told it to the soothsayer priests, but there was no one who could explain it to me.”
25 And Joseph said to Pharaoh, “Pharaoh’s [al]dreams are one and the same; (AH)God has told to Pharaoh what He is about to do. 26 The seven good cows are seven years; and the seven good ears are seven years; the [am]dreams are one and the same. 27 The seven thin and ugly cows that came up after them are seven years, and the seven thin ears scorched by the east wind (AI)will be seven years of famine. 28 [an]It is as I have spoken to Pharaoh: (AJ)God has shown Pharaoh what He is about to do. 29 Behold, (AK)seven years of great abundance are coming in all the land of Egypt; 30 and after them (AL)seven years of famine will [ao]come, and all the abundance will be forgotten in the land of Egypt, and the famine will [ap]ravage the land. 31 So the abundance will be unknown in the land because of that subsequent famine; for it will be very severe. 32 Now as for the repeating of the dream to Pharaoh twice, it means that (AM)the matter is confirmed by God, and God will quickly bring it about. 33 So now let Pharaoh look for a man (AN)discerning and wise, and appoint him over the land of Egypt. 34 Let Pharaoh take action to appoint overseers [aq]in charge of the land, and let him take a fifth of the produce of the land of Egypt as a tax in the seven years of abundance. 35 Then have them (AO)collect all the food of these good years that are coming, and store up the grain for food in the cities under Pharaoh’s authority, and have them guard it. 36 Let the food be used as a reserve for the land for the seven years of famine which will occur in the land of Egypt, so that the land will not perish during the famine.”
37 Now the [ar]proposal seemed good [as]to Pharaoh and [at]to all his servants.
Joseph Is Made a Ruler of Egypt
38 Then Pharaoh said to his servants, “Can we find a man like this, (AP)in whom there is a divine spirit?” 39 So Pharaoh said to Joseph, “Since God has informed you of all this, there is no one as (AQ)discerning and wise as you are. 40 (AR)You shall be [au]in charge of my house, and all my people shall [av]be obedient to you; only regarding the throne will I be greater than you.” 41 Pharaoh also said to Joseph, “See, I have placed you (AS)over all the land of Egypt.” 42 Then Pharaoh (AT)took off his signet ring from his hand and put it on Joseph’s hand, and clothed him in garments of fine linen, and (AU)put the gold necklace around his neck. 43 And he had him ride in [aw]his second chariot; and they proclaimed ahead of him, “[ax]Bow the knee!” And he placed him over all the land of Egypt. 44 Moreover, Pharaoh said to Joseph, “Though I am Pharaoh, yet (AV)without [ay]your permission no one shall raise his hand or foot in all the land of Egypt.” 45 Then Pharaoh named Joseph [az]Zaphenath-paneah; and he gave him Asenath, the daughter of Potiphera priest of [ba](AW)On, to be his wife. And Joseph went out over the land of Egypt.
46 Now Joseph was (AX)thirty years old when he [bb]stood in the presence of Pharaoh, king of Egypt. And Joseph went out from the presence of Pharaoh and went through all the land of Egypt. 47 During the seven years of plenty the land produced [bc]abundantly. 48 So he collected all the food of these seven years which occurred in the land of Egypt and put the food in the cities; he put in every city the food from its own surrounding fields. 49 Joseph stored up grain [bd]in great abundance like the sand of the sea, until he stopped [be]measuring it, for it was [bf]beyond measure.
The Sons of Joseph
50 Now before the year of famine came, (AY)two sons were born to Joseph, whom Asenath, the daughter of Potiphera, priest of [bg]On, bore to him. 51 Joseph named the firstborn [bh]Manasseh; “For,” he said, “God has made me forget all my trouble and all of my father’s household.” 52 And he named the second [bi]Ephraim; “For,” he said, “(AZ)God has made me fruitful in the land of my affliction.”
53 When the seven years of plenty which had taken place in the land of Egypt came to an end, 54 and (BA)the seven years of famine began to come, just as Joseph had said, then there was famine in all the lands; but in all the land of Egypt there was bread. 55 So when all the land of Egypt suffered famine, the people cried out to Pharaoh for bread; and Pharaoh said to all the Egyptians, “Go to Joseph; (BB)whatever he says to you, you shall do.” 56 When the famine was spread over the entire face of the earth, then Joseph opened all [bj]the storehouses and sold grain to the Egyptians; and the famine was severe in the land of Egypt. 57 Then the people of all the earth came to Egypt to buy grain from Joseph, because (BC)the famine was severe in all the earth.
Joseph’s Brothers Sent to Egypt
42 Now (BD)Jacob saw that there was grain in Egypt, and Jacob said to his sons, “Why are you staring at one another?” 2 Then he said, “Look, (BE)I have heard that there is grain in Egypt; go down there and buy some for us from [bk]that place, (BF)so that we may live and not die.” 3 So ten of Joseph’s brothers went down to buy grain from Egypt. 4 But Jacob did not send Joseph’s brother (BG)Benjamin with his brothers, for he said, “(BH)I am afraid that harm may happen to him.” 5 So the sons of Israel came to buy grain among those who were coming, (BI)because the famine was also in the land of Canaan.
6 Now (BJ)Joseph was the ruler over the land; he was the one who sold grain to all the people of the land. And Joseph’s brothers came and (BK)bowed down to him with their faces to the ground. 7 When Joseph saw his brothers, he recognized them, but he disguised himself to them and (BL)spoke to them harshly. He said to them, “Where have you come from?” And they said, “From the land of Canaan, to buy food.”
8 But Joseph had recognized his brothers, although (BM)they did not recognize him. 9 And Joseph (BN)remembered the dreams which he [bl]had about them, and he said to them, “You are spies; you have come to look at the [bm]undefended parts of our land.” 10 And they said to him, “No, (BO)my lord, but your servants have come to buy food. 11 We are all sons of one man; we are (BP)honest men, your servants are not spies.” 12 Yet he said to them, “No, but you have come to look at the [bn]undefended parts of our land!” 13 But they said, “Your servants are twelve brothers in all, the sons of one man in the land of Canaan; and behold, the youngest is with (BQ)our father today, and (BR)one is no longer alive.” 14 Yet Joseph said to them, “It is as I said [bo]to you, you are spies; 15 by this you will be tested: (BS)by the life of Pharaoh, you shall not leave this place unless your youngest brother comes here! 16 Send one of you and have him get your brother, while you remain confined, so that your words may be tested, whether there is (BT)truth in you. But if not, by the life of Pharaoh, you are certainly spies!” 17 So he put them all together in (BU)prison for three days.
18 Now Joseph said to them on the third day, “Do this and live, for (BV)I fear God: 19 if you are honest men, let one of your brothers be confined in [bp]your prison; but as for the rest of you, go, carry grain for the famine of your households, 20 and (BW)bring your youngest brother to me, so that your words may be verified, and you will not die.” And they did so. 21 Then they said to one another, “(BX)Truly we are guilty concerning our brother, because we saw the distress of his soul when he pleaded with us, yet we would not listen; for that reason this distress has happened to us.” 22 Reuben answered them, saying, “(BY)Did I not tell [bq]you, ‘Do not sin against the boy’; and you would not listen? [br](BZ)Now justice for his blood is required.” 23 They did not know, however, that Joseph understood, for there was an interpreter between them. 24 Then he turned away from them and (CA)wept. But when he returned to them and spoke to them, he (CB)took Simeon from them and bound him before their eyes. 25 (CC)Then Joseph gave orders to fill their bags with grain, but also to return every man’s money in his sack, and to give them provisions for the journey. And that is what was done for them.
26 So they loaded their donkeys with their grain and departed from there. 27 But when one of them opened his sack to give his donkey feed at the overnight campsite, he saw his (CD)money; and behold, it was in the opening of his sack! 28 So he said to his brothers, “My money has been returned, and look, it is right in my sack!” Then their hearts [bs]sank, and they turned [bt]trembling to one another, saying, “(CE)What is this that God has done to us?”
Simeon Is Held Hostage
29 When they came to their father Jacob in the land of Canaan, they told him everything that had happened to them, saying, 30 “The man, the lord of the land, (CF)spoke harshly with us, and took us for spies of the country. 31 But we said to him, ‘We are (CG)honest men; we are not spies. 32 We are twelve brothers, sons of our father; one is no longer alive, and the youngest is with our father today in the land of Canaan.’ 33 But the man, the lord of the land, said to us, ‘(CH)By this I will know that you are honest men: leave one of your brothers with me and take grain for the famine of your households, and go. 34 But bring your youngest brother to me so that I may know that you are not spies, but [bu]honest men. I will give your brother to you, and you may (CI)trade in the land.’”
35 Now it came about, as they were emptying their sacks, that behold, (CJ)every man’s bag of money was in his sack; and when they and their father saw their bags of money, they were afraid. 36 And their father Jacob said to them, “You have (CK)deprived me of my sons: Joseph is gone, and Simeon is gone, and now you would take Benjamin; all these things are against me.” 37 Then Reuben spoke to his father, saying, “You may put my two sons to death if I do not bring him back to you; put him in my [bv]care, and I will return him to you.” 38 But [bw]Jacob said, “My son shall not go down with you; for his (CL)brother is dead, and he alone is left. (CM)If harm should happen to him on the journey [bx]you are taking, then you will (CN)bring my gray hair down to Sheol in sorrow.”
Footnotes
- Genesis 40:4 Lit ministered to
- Genesis 40:4 Lit days
- Genesis 40:6 Or And
- Genesis 40:6 Lit and behold
- Genesis 40:7 Lit saying, Why
- Genesis 40:8 Lit dreamed
- Genesis 40:9 Lit and said
- Genesis 40:9 Lit and behold
- Genesis 40:11 Lit palm
- Genesis 40:13 I.e., a royal gesture of forgiveness
- Genesis 40:14 Lit remember me with yourself
- Genesis 40:14 Lit and mention
- Genesis 40:14 Lit house
- Genesis 40:15 Or pit
- Genesis 40:17 Lit food for Pharaoh made by a baker
- Genesis 40:21 Lit wine-pouring
- Genesis 40:21 Lit palm
- Genesis 41:2 Lit fat of flesh
- Genesis 41:3 Lit thin of flesh
- Genesis 41:4 Lit thin of flesh
- Genesis 41:8 Lit dream
- Genesis 41:9 Or sins
- Genesis 41:11 Lit I and he
- Genesis 41:13 Lit him
- Genesis 41:15 Lit about you, saying
- Genesis 41:15 Lit you hear a dream to interpret it
- Genesis 41:16 Lit Apart from me
- Genesis 41:16 Lit answer the peace of Pharaoh
- Genesis 41:18 Lit fat of flesh
- Genesis 41:19 Lit bad
- Genesis 41:19 Lit thin of flesh
- Genesis 41:19 Lit badness
- Genesis 41:21 Lit entered their inward parts
- Genesis 41:21 Or known
- Genesis 41:21 Lit entered their inward parts
- Genesis 41:21 Lit and
- Genesis 41:21 Lit in the beginning
- Genesis 41:25 Lit dream is
- Genesis 41:26 Lit dream is
- Genesis 41:28 Lit That is the thing which I spoke
- Genesis 41:30 Lit arise
- Genesis 41:30 Lit destroy
- Genesis 41:34 Lit over
- Genesis 41:37 Lit word
- Genesis 41:37 Lit in the sight of
- Genesis 41:37 Lit in the sight of
- Genesis 41:40 Lit over
- Genesis 41:40 Lit kiss your mouth; LXX obey at your command
- Genesis 41:43 Lit the second...which was his
- Genesis 41:43 Or Make way
- Genesis 41:44 Lit you no one
- Genesis 41:45 Prob. Egyptian for “God speaks; he lives”
- Genesis 41:45 Or Heliopolis
- Genesis 41:46 Or entered the service of
- Genesis 41:47 Lit by handfuls
- Genesis 41:49 Lit very much
- Genesis 41:49 Lit numbering
- Genesis 41:49 Or without number
- Genesis 41:50 Or Heliopolis
- Genesis 41:51 I.e., making to forget
- Genesis 41:52 I.e., fruitfulness
- Genesis 41:56 Lit that which was in them
- Genesis 42:2 Lit there
- Genesis 42:9 Lit had dreamed
- Genesis 42:9 Lit nakedness of the land
- Genesis 42:12 Lit nakedness of the land
- Genesis 42:14 Lit to you, saying
- Genesis 42:19 Lit the house of your prison
- Genesis 42:22 Lit you, saying,
- Genesis 42:22 Lit And behold, his blood also is required
- Genesis 42:28 Lit went out
- Genesis 42:28 Lit trembled
- Genesis 42:34 Lit you are honest
- Genesis 42:37 Lit hand
- Genesis 42:38 Lit he
- Genesis 42:38 Lit on which you are going
New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation. All rights reserved.
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