Judah and Tamar

38 It came to pass at that time that Judah departed from his brothers, and (A)visited a certain Adullamite whose name was Hirah. And Judah (B)saw there a daughter of a certain Canaanite whose name was (C)Shua, and he married her and went in to her. So she conceived and bore a son, and he called his name (D)Er. She conceived again and bore a son, and she called his name (E)Onan. And she conceived yet again and bore a son, and called his name (F)Shelah. He was at Chezib when she bore him.

Then Judah (G)took a wife for Er his firstborn, and her name was (H)Tamar. But (I)Er, Judah’s firstborn, was wicked in the sight of the Lord, (J)and the Lord killed him. And Judah said to Onan, “Go in to (K)your brother’s wife and marry her, and raise up an heir to your brother.” But Onan knew that the heir would not be (L)his; and it came to pass, when he went in to his brother’s wife, that he emitted on the ground, lest he should give an heir to his brother. 10 And the thing which he did [a]displeased the Lord; therefore He killed (M)him also.

11 Then Judah said to Tamar his daughter-in-law, (N)“Remain a widow in your father’s house till my son Shelah is grown.” For he said, “Lest he also die like his brothers.” And Tamar went and dwelt (O)in her father’s house.

12 Now in the process of time the daughter of Shua, Judah’s wife, died; and Judah (P)was comforted, and went up to his sheepshearers at Timnah, he and his friend Hirah the Adullamite. 13 And it was told Tamar, saying, “Look, your father-in-law is going up (Q)to Timnah to shear his sheep.” 14 So she took off her widow’s garments, covered herself with a veil and wrapped herself, and (R)sat in an open place which was on the way to Timnah; for she saw (S)that Shelah was grown, and she was not given to him as a wife. 15 When Judah saw her, he thought she was a harlot, because she had covered her face. 16 Then he turned to her by the way, and said, “Please let me come in to you”; for he did not know that she was his daughter-in-law.

So she said, “What will you give me, that you may come in to me?”

17 And he said, (T)“I will send a young goat from the flock.”

So she said, (U)“Will you give me a pledge till you send it?

18 Then he said, “What pledge shall I give you?”

So she said, (V)“Your signet and cord, and your staff that is in your hand.” Then he gave them to her, and went in to her, and she conceived by him. 19 So she arose and went away, and (W)laid aside her veil and put on the garments of her widowhood.

20 And Judah sent the young goat by the hand of his friend the Adullamite, to receive his pledge from the woman’s hand, but he did not find her. 21 Then he asked the men of that place, saying, “Where is the harlot who was [b]openly by the roadside?”

And they said, “There was no harlot in this place.

22 So he returned to Judah and said, “I cannot find her. Also, the men of the place said there was no harlot in this place.

23 Then Judah said, “Let her take them for herself, lest we be shamed; for I sent this young goat and you have not found her.”

24 And it came to pass, about three months after, that Judah was told, saying, “Tamar your daughter-in-law has (X)played the harlot; furthermore she is [c]with child by harlotry.”

So Judah said, “Bring her out (Y)and let her be burned!”

25 When she was brought out, she sent to her father-in-law, saying, “By the man to whom these belong, I am with child.” And she said, (Z)“Please determine whose these are—the signet and cord, and staff.”

26 So Judah (AA)acknowledged them and said, (AB)“She has been more righteous than I, because (AC)I did not give her to Shelah my son.” And he (AD)never knew her again.

27 Now it came to pass, at the time for giving birth, that behold, twins were in her womb. 28 And so it was, when she was giving birth, that the one put out his hand; and the midwife took a scarlet thread and bound it on his hand, saying, “This one came out first.” 29 Then it happened, as he drew back his hand, that his brother came out unexpectedly; and she said, “How did you break through? This breach be upon you!” Therefore his name was called (AE)Perez.[d] 30 Afterward his brother came out who had the scarlet thread on his hand. And his name was called (AF)Zerah.

Footnotes

  1. Genesis 38:10 Lit. was evil in the eyes of
  2. Genesis 38:21 in full view
  3. Genesis 38:24 pregnant
  4. Genesis 38:29 Lit. Breach or Breakthrough

38 Y ACONTECIO en aquel tiempo, que Judá descendió de con sus hermanos, y fuése á un varón Adullamita, que se llamaba Hira.

Y vió allí Judá la hija de un hombre Cananeo, el cual se llamaba Súa; y tomóla, y entró á ella:

La cual concibió, y parió un hijo; y llamó su nombre Er.

Y concibió otra vez, y parió un hijo, y llamó su nombre Onán.

Y volvió á concebir, y parió un hijo, y llamó su nombre Sela. Y estaba en Chezib cuando lo parió.

Y Judá tomó mujer para su primogénito Er, la cual se llamaba Thamar.

Y Er, el primogénito de Judá, fué malo á los ojos de Jehová, y quitóle Jehová la vida.

Entonces Judá dijo á Onán: Entra á la mujer de tu hermano, y despósate con ella, y suscita simiente á tu hermano.

Y sabiendo Onán que la simiente no había de ser suya, sucedía que cuando entraba á la mujer de su hermano vertía en tierra, por no dar simiente á su hermano.

10 Y desagradó en ojos de Jehová lo que hacía, y también quitó á él la vida.

11 Y Judá dijo á Thamar su nuera: Estáte viuda en casa de tu padre, hasta que crezca Sela mi hijo; porque dijo: Que quizá no muera él también como sus hermanos. Y fuése Thamar, y estúvose en casa de su padre.

12 Y pasaron muchos días, y murió la hija de Súa, mujer de Judá; y Judá se consoló, y subía á los trasquiladores de sus ovejas á Timnath, él y su amigo Hira el Adullamita.

13 Y fué dado aviso á Thamar, diciendo: He aquí tu suegro sube á Timnath á trasquilar sus ovejas.

14 Entonces quitó ella de sobre sí los vestidos de su viudez, y cubrióse con un velo, y arrebozóse, y se puso á la puerta de las aguas que están junto al camino de Timnath; porque veía que había crecido Sela, y ella no era dada á él por mujer.

15 Y vióla Judá, y túvola por ramera, porque había ella cubierto su rostro.

16 Y apartóse del camino hacia ella, y díjole: Ea, pues, ahora entraré á ti; porque no sabía que era su nuera; y ella dijo: ¿Qué me has de dar, si entrares á mí?

17 El respondió: Yo te enviaré del ganado un cabrito de las cabras. Y ella dijo: Hasme de dar prenda hasta que lo envíes.

18 Entonces él dijo: ¿Qué prenda te daré? Ella respondió: Tu anillo, y tu manto, y tu bordón que tienes en tu mano. Y él se los dió, y entró á ella, la cual concibió de él.

19 Y levantóse, y fuése: y quitóse el velo de sobre sí, y vistióse las ropas de su viudez.

20 Y Judá envió el cabrito de las cabras por mano de su amigo el Adullamita, para que tomase la prenda de mano de la mujer; mas no la halló.

21 Y preguntó á los hombres de aquel lugar, diciendo: ¿Dónde está la ramera de las aguas junto al camino? Y ellos le dijeron: No ha estado aquí ramera.

22 Entonces él se volvió á Judá, y dijo: No la he hallado; y también los hombres del lugar dijeron: Aquí no ha estado ramera.

23 Y Judá dijo: Tómeselo para sí, porque no seamos menospreciados: he aquí yo he enviado este cabrito, y tú no la hallaste.

24 Y acaeció que al cabo de unos tres meses fué dado aviso á Judá, diciendo: Thamar tu nuera ha fornicado, y aun cierto está preñada de las fornicaciones. Y Judá dijo: Sacadla, y sea quemada.

25 Y ella cuando la sacaban, envió á decir á su suegro: Del varón cuyas son estas cosas, estoy preñada: y dijo más: Mira ahora cuyas son estas cosas, el anillo, y el manto, y el bordón.

26 Entonces Judá los reconoció, y dijo: Más justa es que yo, por cuanto no la he dado á Sela mi hijo. Y nunca más la conoció.

27 Y aconteció que al tiempo del parir, he aquí había dos en su vientre.

28 Y sucedió, cuando paría, que sacó la mano el uno, y la partera tomó y ató á su mano un hilo de grana, diciendo: Este salió primero.

29 Empero fué que tornando él á meter la mano, he aquí su hermano salió; y ella dijo: ¿Por qué has hecho sobre ti rotura? Y llamó su nombre Phares.

30 Y después salió su hermano, el que tenía en su mano el hilo de grana, y llamó su nombre Zara.

Tamar donne une descendance à Juda

38 A la même époque, Juda se sépara de ses frères et alla vivre près d’un habitant d’Adoullam[a] nommé Hira. Il vit là la fille d’un Cananéen nommé Shoua, il l’épousa et s’unit à elle. Elle devint enceinte et lui donna un fils : il l’appela Er. Elle devint encore enceinte et mit au monde un fils qu’elle appela Onân. Elle eut encore un fils qu’elle appela Shéla. Quand sa femme accoucha du troisième, Juda se trouvait à Kezib.

Juda prit pour Er, son premier-né, une femme nommée Tamar. Jugeant Er mauvais, l’Eternel le fit mourir. Alors Juda dit à Onân : Accomplis ton devoir de proche parent du défunt : unis-toi à ta belle-sœur pour donner une descendance à ton frère[b].

Onân savait que les enfants qui naîtraient ne seraient pas pour lui. Chaque fois qu’il avait des rapports avec sa belle-sœur, il laissait tomber sa semence à terre pour éviter de donner une descendance à son frère. 10 Son comportement déplut à l’Eternel qui le fit aussi mourir. 11 Alors Juda dit à Tamar, sa belle-fille : Reste veuve dans la maison de ton père jusqu’à ce que mon fils Shéla soit devenu adulte.

Car il se disait : Il ne faut pas que celui-ci aussi meure comme ses frères.

Tamar retourna donc dans la maison de son père et y resta.

12 Bien longtemps après cela, la fille de Shoua, femme de Juda, mourut. Quand il fut consolé, Juda monta avec son ami Hira l’Adoullamite à Timna, pour la tonte de ses moutons. 13 Quelqu’un en informa Tamar en lui disant : Voici, ton beau-père monte à Timna pour la tonte de ses moutons.

14 Alors elle ôta ses habits de veuve, se couvrit le visage d’un voile et, ainsi déguisée, s’assit au carrefour d’Enaïm, sur la route de Timna ; car elle voyait bien que Shéla était devenu adulte sans qu’on le lui ait donné pour mari.

15 Juda aperçut cette femme et la prit pour une prostituée, car elle avait le visage voilé. 16 Il s’approcha d’elle au bord du chemin et lui dit : Permets-moi d’aller avec toi !

Car il n’avait pas reconnu sa belle-fille. Elle répondit : Que me donneras-tu pour venir avec moi ?

17 – Je te ferai apporter un chevreau du troupeau, lui dit-il.

– D’accord, répondit-elle, à condition que tu me donnes un gage jusqu’à ce que tu l’envoies.

18 – Quel gage veux-tu que je te donne ?

– Ton cachet, le cordon qui le tient et le bâton que tu as en main.

Il les lui remit et s’unit à elle, et elle devint enceinte. 19 Elle se leva et partit ; elle ôta son voile et remit ses habits de veuve.

20 Juda chargea son ami l’Adoullamite d’apporter le chevreau à cette femme et de retirer les gages qu’il lui avait donnés. Mais celle-ci resta introuvable. 21 Hira interrogea les hommes de l’endroit : Où est cette prostituée sacrée qui se tenait sur le chemin à Enaïm ?

Ils lui répondirent : Il n’y a jamais eu de prostituée sacrée à cet endroit.

22 Il revint dire à Juda : Je ne l’ai pas trouvée, et les gens de là-bas ont même affirmé qu’il n’y a jamais eu de prostituée sacrée à cet endroit.

23 Alors Juda s’écria : Qu’elle garde ce qu’elle a ! Ne nous rendons pas ridicules. Quoi qu’il arrive, moi j’ai envoyé ce chevreau, et toi, tu n’as pas retrouvé cette femme.

24 Environ trois mois après cela, on vint dire à Juda : Tamar, ta belle-fille, s’est prostituée, et même : la voilà enceinte suite à cela.

– Qu’on la fasse sortir, dit-il, et qu’elle soit brûlée vive !

25 Comme on la jetait dehors, elle envoya un message à son beau-père : C’est de l’homme à qui appartiennent ces objets que je suis enceinte. Reconnais, je te prie, à qui sont ce cachet, ces cordons et ce bâton.

26 Juda les reconnut et s’écria : Elle est plus juste que moi ; elle a fait cela parce que je ne l’ai pas donnée pour femme à mon fils Shéla.

Il ne s’unit plus jamais à elle.

27 Quand vint le moment de la naissance, il s’avéra qu’elle portait des jumeaux. 28 Pendant l’accouchement l’un d’eux présenta une main ; la sage-femme la saisit et y noua un fil rouge en disant : C’est celui-ci qui sort le premier.

29 Mais il retira sa main, et c’est son frère qui vint au monde. La sage-femme s’écria : Quelle brèche ne t’es-tu pas ouverte ! Et on le nomma Pérets[c] (Brèche). 30 Ensuite son frère naquit, celui dont la main portait le fil rouge, et il fut appelé Zérah (Lever de soleil).

Footnotes

  1. 38.1 Ancienne ville cananéenne.
  2. 38.8 Cette coutume sera incluse dans la Loi (Dt 25.5-10 ; voir Mt 22.23-33).
  3. 38.29 Ancêtre de David (Rt 4.18-22) et du Christ (Mt 1.3).

Judah and Tamar

38 At that time, Judah(A) left his brothers and went down to stay with a man of Adullam(B) named Hirah.(C) There Judah met the daughter of a Canaanite man named Shua.(D) He married her and made love to her; she became pregnant and gave birth to a son, who was named Er.(E) She conceived again and gave birth to a son and named him Onan.(F) She gave birth to still another son and named him Shelah.(G) It was at Kezib that she gave birth to him.

Judah got a wife for Er, his firstborn, and her name was Tamar.(H) But Er, Judah’s firstborn, was wicked in the Lord’s sight;(I) so the Lord put him to death.(J)

Then Judah said to Onan, “Sleep with your brother’s wife and fulfill your duty to her as a brother-in-law to raise up offspring for your brother.”(K) But Onan knew that the child would not be his; so whenever he slept with his brother’s wife, he spilled his semen on the ground to keep from providing offspring for his brother. 10 What he did was wicked in the Lord’s sight; so the Lord put him to death also.(L)

11 Judah then said to his daughter-in-law(M) Tamar,(N) “Live as a widow in your father’s household(O) until my son Shelah(P) grows up.”(Q) For he thought, “He may die too, just like his brothers.” So Tamar went to live in her father’s household.

12 After a long time Judah’s wife, the daughter of Shua,(R) died. When Judah had recovered from his grief, he went up to Timnah,(S) to the men who were shearing his sheep,(T) and his friend Hirah the Adullamite(U) went with him.

13 When Tamar(V) was told, “Your father-in-law is on his way to Timnah to shear his sheep,”(W) 14 she took off her widow’s clothes,(X) covered herself with a veil(Y) to disguise herself, and then sat down(Z) at the entrance to Enaim, which is on the road to Timnah.(AA) For she saw that, though Shelah(AB) had now grown up, she had not been given to him as his wife.

15 When Judah saw her, he thought she was a prostitute,(AC) for she had covered her face. 16 Not realizing(AD) that she was his daughter-in-law,(AE) he went over to her by the roadside and said, “Come now, let me sleep with you.”(AF)

“And what will you give me to sleep with you?”(AG) she asked.

17 “I’ll send you a young goat(AH) from my flock,” he said.

“Will you give me something as a pledge(AI) until you send it?” she asked.

18 He said, “What pledge should I give you?”

“Your seal(AJ) and its cord, and the staff(AK) in your hand,” she answered. So he gave them to her and slept with her, and she became pregnant by him.(AL) 19 After she left, she took off her veil and put on her widow’s clothes(AM) again.

20 Meanwhile Judah sent the young goat by his friend the Adullamite(AN) in order to get his pledge(AO) back from the woman, but he did not find her. 21 He asked the men who lived there, “Where is the shrine prostitute(AP) who was beside the road at Enaim?”

“There hasn’t been any shrine prostitute here,” they said.

22 So he went back to Judah and said, “I didn’t find her. Besides, the men who lived there said, ‘There hasn’t been any shrine prostitute here.’”

23 Then Judah said, “Let her keep what she has,(AQ) or we will become a laughingstock.(AR) After all, I did send her this young goat, but you didn’t find her.”

24 About three months later Judah was told, “Your daughter-in-law Tamar is guilty of prostitution, and as a result she is now pregnant.”

Judah said, “Bring her out and have her burned to death!”(AS)

25 As she was being brought out, she sent a message to her father-in-law. “I am pregnant by the man who owns these,” she said. And she added, “See if you recognize whose seal and cord and staff these are.”(AT)

26 Judah recognized them and said, “She is more righteous than I,(AU) since I wouldn’t give her to my son Shelah.(AV)” And he did not sleep with her again.

27 When the time came for her to give birth, there were twin boys in her womb.(AW) 28 As she was giving birth, one of them put out his hand; so the midwife(AX) took a scarlet thread and tied it on his wrist(AY) and said, “This one came out first.” 29 But when he drew back his hand, his brother came out,(AZ) and she said, “So this is how you have broken out!” And he was named Perez.[a](BA) 30 Then his brother, who had the scarlet thread on his wrist,(BB) came out. And he was named Zerah.[b](BC)

Footnotes

  1. Genesis 38:29 Perez means breaking out.
  2. Genesis 38:30 Zerah can mean scarlet or brightness.