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Descendants and Nations from Noah

10 These are the records[a] of Noah’s sons, Shem, Ham, and Japheth, to whom descendants[b] were born after the flood.

Japheth’s descendants included[c] Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.

Gomer’s descendants included Ashkenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah.

Javan’s descendants included Elisha, Tarshish, Kittim, and Dodanim,[d] from whom the coastal nations[e] spread into their own lands and nations, each with their own language and family groups.

Ham’s Descendants

Ham’s descendants included Cush, Egypt, Put, and Canaan.

Cush’s descendants included Seba, Havilah, Sabtah, Raamah, and Sabteca.

Raamah’s descendants included Sheba and Dedan.

Cush fathered Nimrod, who became the first fearless[f] leader throughout the land. He became a fearless[g] hunter in defiance of[h] the Lord. That is why it is said, “Like Nimrod, a fearless hunter in defiance of[i] the Lord.” 10 His kingdom began in the region[j] of Shinar[k] with the cities of[l] Babylon, Erech,[m] Akkad, and Calneh. 11 From there[n] he went north[o] to Assyria and built Nineveh, Rehoboth-ir, and Calah, 12 along with Resen, which was located between Nineveh and the great city of Calah.

13 Egypt fathered the Ludites, the Anamites, the Lehabites, the Naphtuhites, 14 the Pathrusites, the Casluhites (from which came the Philistines), and the Caphtorites.

15 Canaan fathered Sidon his firstborn, along with the Hittites, 16 the Jebusites, the Amorites, the Girgashites, 17 the Hivites, the Arkites, the Sinites, 18 the Arvadites, the Zemarites, and the Hamathites.

Later, the Canaanite families were widely scattered. 19 The Canaanite border extended south[p] from Sidon toward Gerar as far as Gaza, and east[q] toward Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboiim, as far as Lasha.

20 These are Ham’s descendants, listed by their families, each with their own lands, language, and family groups.

Shem’s Descendants

21 Shem, Japheth’s older brother, also had descendants.[r] Shem was the father of the descendants of Eber. 22 Shem’s sons included Elam, Asshur, Arpachshad, Lud, and Aram.

23 Aram’s descendants included Uz, Hul, Gether, and Mash.

24 Arpachshad fathered Cainan, Cainan fathered Shelah, and Shelah fathered Eber.[s] 25 To Eber were born two sons. One was named Peleg,[t] because the earth was divided during his lifetime. His brother was named Joktan.

26 Joktan fathered Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah, 27 Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah, 28 Obal, Abimael, Sheba, 29 Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. All these were Joktan’s descendants. 30 Their settlements extended from Mesha towards Sephar, the eastern hill country.

31 These are Shem’s descendants, listed by their families, each with their own lands, language, and family groups.

32 These are the families of Noah’s sons, according to their records, by their nations. From these people, the nations on the earth spread out after the flood.

Footnotes

  1. Genesis 10:1 Or generations
  2. Genesis 10:1 Lit. sons, and so throughout the chapter
  3. Genesis 10:2 The Heb. lacks included; and so throughout the chapter
  4. Genesis 10:4 So MT; LXX and a Heb. mss. read Rodanim; Cf. 1Chr 1:7
  5. Genesis 10:5 Lit. peoples
  6. Genesis 10:8 Or valiant
  7. Genesis 10:9 Or valiant
  8. Genesis 10:9 Lit. hunter before
  9. Genesis 10:9 Lit. hunter before
  10. Genesis 10:10 Lit. land
  11. Genesis 10:10 I.e. southern Mesopotamia or Babylonia
  12. Genesis 10:10 The Heb. lacks the cities of
  13. Genesis 10:10 Or Uruk
  14. Genesis 10:11 Lit. from that land
  15. Genesis 10:11 The Heb. lacks north
  16. Genesis 10:19 The Heb. lacks south
  17. Genesis 10:19 The Heb. lacks east
  18. Genesis 10:21 Lit. sons
  19. Genesis 10:24 So with LXX (cf. Gen. 11:12-13 & Luke 3:35-36); the Heb. lacks Cainan, Cainan fathered.
  20. Genesis 10:25 The Heb. name Peleg sounds like the Heb. verb divided

The Table of Nations

10 This is the account(A) of Shem, Ham and Japheth,(B) Noah’s sons,(C) who themselves had sons after the flood.

The Japhethites(D)

The sons[a] of Japheth:

Gomer,(E) Magog,(F) Madai, Javan,(G) Tubal,(H) Meshek(I) and Tiras.

The sons of Gomer:

Ashkenaz,(J) Riphath and Togarmah.(K)

The sons of Javan:

Elishah,(L) Tarshish,(M) the Kittites(N) and the Rodanites.[b] (From these the maritime peoples spread out into their territories by their clans within their nations, each with its own language.)(O)

The Hamites(P)

The sons of Ham:

Cush,(Q) Egypt, Put(R) and Canaan.(S)

The sons of Cush:

Seba,(T) Havilah,(U) Sabtah, Raamah(V) and Sabteka.

The sons of Raamah:

Sheba(W) and Dedan.(X)

Cush was the father[c] of Nimrod,(Y) who became a mighty warrior on the earth. He was a mighty(Z) hunter(AA) before the Lord; that is why it is said, “Like Nimrod, a mighty hunter before the Lord.” 10 The first centers of his kingdom were Babylon,(AB) Uruk,(AC) Akkad and Kalneh,(AD) in[d] Shinar.[e](AE) 11 From that land he went to Assyria,(AF) where he built Nineveh,(AG) Rehoboth Ir,[f] Calah 12 and Resen, which is between Nineveh and Calah—which is the great city.

13 Egypt was the father of

the Ludites, Anamites, Lehabites, Naphtuhites, 14 Pathrusites, Kasluhites (from whom the Philistines(AH) came) and Caphtorites.(AI)

15 Canaan(AJ) was the father of

Sidon(AK) his firstborn,[g](AL) and of the Hittites,(AM) 16 Jebusites,(AN) Amorites,(AO) Girgashites,(AP) 17 Hivites,(AQ) Arkites, Sinites, 18 Arvadites,(AR) Zemarites and Hamathites.(AS)

Later the Canaanite(AT) clans scattered 19 and the borders of Canaan(AU) reached from Sidon(AV) toward Gerar(AW) as far as Gaza,(AX) and then toward Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah and Zeboyim,(AY) as far as Lasha.

20 These are the sons of Ham by their clans and languages, in their territories and nations.

The Semites(AZ)

21 Sons were also born to Shem, whose older brother was[h] Japheth; Shem was the ancestor of all the sons of Eber.(BA)

22 The sons of Shem:

Elam,(BB) Ashur,(BC) Arphaxad,(BD) Lud and Aram.(BE)

23 The sons of Aram:

Uz,(BF) Hul, Gether and Meshek.[i]

24 Arphaxad was the father of[j] Shelah,

and Shelah the father of Eber.(BG)

25 Two sons were born to Eber:

One was named Peleg,[k] because in his time the earth was divided; his brother was named Joktan.

26 Joktan was the father of

Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah, 27 Hadoram, Uzal,(BH) Diklah, 28 Obal, Abimael, Sheba,(BI) 29 Ophir,(BJ) Havilah and Jobab. All these were sons of Joktan.

30 The region where they lived stretched from Mesha toward Sephar, in the eastern hill country.

31 These are the sons of Shem by their clans and languages, in their territories and nations.

32 These are the clans of Noah’s sons,(BK) according to their lines of descent, within their nations. From these the nations spread out over the earth(BL) after the flood.

Footnotes

  1. Genesis 10:2 Sons may mean descendants or successors or nations; also in verses 3, 4, 6, 7, 20-23, 29 and 31.
  2. Genesis 10:4 Some manuscripts of the Masoretic Text and Samaritan Pentateuch (see also Septuagint and 1 Chron. 1:7); most manuscripts of the Masoretic Text Dodanites
  3. Genesis 10:8 Father may mean ancestor or predecessor or founder; also in verses 13, 15, 24 and 26.
  4. Genesis 10:10 Or Uruk and Akkad—all of them in
  5. Genesis 10:10 That is, Babylonia
  6. Genesis 10:11 Or Nineveh with its city squares
  7. Genesis 10:15 Or of the Sidonians, the foremost
  8. Genesis 10:21 Or Shem, the older brother of
  9. Genesis 10:23 See Septuagint and 1 Chron. 1:17; Hebrew Mash.
  10. Genesis 10:24 Hebrew; Septuagint father of Cainan, and Cainan was the father of
  11. Genesis 10:25 Peleg means division.