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Then Esther went again before the king, falling down at his feet and begging him with tears to stop the evil plot devised by Haman the Agagite against the Jews. Again the king held out the gold scepter to Esther. So she rose and stood before him.

Esther said, “If it please the king, and if I have found favor with him, and if he thinks it is right, and if I am pleasing to him, let there be a decree that reverses the orders of Haman son of Hammedatha the Agagite, who ordered that Jews throughout all the king’s provinces should be destroyed. For how can I endure to see my people and my family slaughtered and destroyed?”

Then King Xerxes said to Queen Esther and Mordecai the Jew, “I have given Esther the property of Haman, and he has been impaled on a pole because he tried to destroy the Jews. Now go ahead and send a message to the Jews in the king’s name, telling them whatever you want, and seal it with the king’s signet ring. But remember that whatever has already been written in the king’s name and sealed with his signet ring can never be revoked.”

So on June 25[a] the king’s secretaries were summoned, and a decree was written exactly as Mordecai dictated. It was sent to the Jews and to the highest officers, the governors, and the nobles of all the 127 provinces stretching from India to Ethiopia.[b] The decree was written in the scripts and languages of all the peoples of the empire, including that of the Jews. 10 The decree was written in the name of King Xerxes and sealed with the king’s signet ring. Mordecai sent the dispatches by swift messengers, who rode fast horses especially bred for the king’s service.

11 The king’s decree gave the Jews in every city authority to unite to defend their lives. They were allowed to kill, slaughter, and annihilate anyone of any nationality or province who might attack them or their children and wives, and to take the property of their enemies. 12 The day chosen for this event throughout all the provinces of King Xerxes was March 7 of the next year.[c]

13 A copy of this decree was to be issued as law in every province and proclaimed to all peoples, so that the Jews would be ready to take revenge on their enemies on the appointed day. 14 So urged on by the king’s command, the messengers rode out swiftly on fast horses bred for the king’s service. The same decree was also proclaimed in the fortress of Susa.

15 Then Mordecai left the king’s presence, wearing the royal robe of blue and white, the great crown of gold, and an outer cloak of fine linen and purple. And the people of Susa celebrated the new decree. 16 The Jews were filled with joy and gladness and were honored everywhere. 17 In every province and city, wherever the king’s decree arrived, the Jews rejoiced and had a great celebration and declared a public festival and holiday. And many of the people of the land became Jews themselves, for they feared what the Jews might do to them.

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Footnotes

  1. 8:9a Hebrew on the twenty-third day of the third month, the month of Sivan, of the ancient Hebrew lunar calendar. This day was June 25, 474 B.c.; also see note on 2:16.
  2. 8:9b Hebrew to Cush.
  3. 8:12 Hebrew the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, the month of Adar, of the ancient Hebrew lunar calendar. The date selected was March 7, 473 B.c.; also see note on 2:16.

Then Esther spoke again to the king, fell at his feet, wept, and implored him to [a]repeal the evil scheme of Haman the Agagite and his scheme which he had devised against the Jews. (A)And the king extended the golden scepter to Esther. So Esther arose and stood before the king. Then she said, “(B)If it seems good to the king, and if I have found favor before him and the matter seems proper to the king and I am good in his eyes, let it be written to turn back the (C)letters devised by Haman, the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, which he wrote to cause the Jews who are in all the king’s provinces to perish. For (D)how can I endure to see the calamity which will befall my people, and how can I endure to see the perishing of my kinsmen?”

The King’s Decree Avenges the Jews

So King Ahasuerus said to Queen Esther and to Mordecai the Jew, “Behold, (E)I have given the house of Haman to Esther, and him they have hanged on the [b]gallows because he had sent forth his hand against the Jews. Now you write to the Jews, according to what is good in your eyes, in the king’s name, and (F)seal it with the king’s signet ring; for a written decree which is written in the name of the king and sealed with the king’s signet ring (G)may not be turned back.”

(H)So the king’s scribes were called at that time in the third month (that is, the month Sivan), on the twenty-third [c]day; and it was written according to all that Mordecai commanded to the Jews, the satraps, the governors, and the princes of the provinces which extended (I)from India to [d]Ethiopia, 127 provinces, to (J)every province according to its script, and to every people according to their tongue as well as to the Jews according to their script and their tongue. 10 And he wrote in the name of King Ahasuerus and sealed it with the king’s signet ring and sent letters by the hand of couriers on (K)horses, riding on steeds sired by the [e]royal stud. 11 [f]In them the king gave the Jews who were in each and every city the right (L)to assemble and to make a stand for their lives, (M)to destroy, to kill, and to cause to perish the entire military force of any people or province which would act as their adversaries, including little ones and women, and (N)to plunder their spoil, 12 on (O)one day in all the provinces of King Ahasuerus, the thirteenth day of the twelfth month (that is, the month Adar). 13 (P)A copy of that which was written down to be given as law in each and every province was revealed to all the peoples, so that the Jews would be ready for this day to avenge themselves on their enemies. 14 The couriers, hurried and hastened by the king’s word, went out, riding on the royal steeds; and the law was given out at the citadel in Susa.

15 Then Mordecai went out from the presence of the king (Q)in royal robes of [g]blue and fine white, with a large crown of gold and (R)a garment of fine linen and purple; and (S)the city of Susa cried aloud and was glad. 16 For the Jews there was (T)light and gladness and joy and honor. 17 And in each and every province and in each and every city, wherever the king’s word and his law reached, there was gladness and joy for the Jews, a feast and a [h](U)holiday. And (V)many among the peoples of the land became Jews, for the dread of the Jews had fallen on them.

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Footnotes

  1. Esther 8:3 Or take away, cf. 8:2; lit pass away
  2. Esther 8:7 Lit tree, cf. Deut 21:22-23
  3. Esther 8:9 Lit in it
  4. Esther 8:9 Or Cush, cf. Gen 10:6
  5. Esther 8:10 Lit offspring of swift mares
  6. Esther 8:11 Lit Which
  7. Esther 8:15 Or violet
  8. Esther 8:17 Lit good day