2 Kings 21-23

New American Standard Bible

Manasseh Succeeds Hezekiah

21 ^(A)Manasseh was twelve years old when he became king, and he reigned for fifty-five years in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Hephzibah. ^2 (B)He did evil in the sight of the Lord, ^(C)in accordance with the abominations of the nations whom the Lord ^[a]dispossessed before the sons of Israel. ³ For ^(D)he rebuilt the high places which his father Hezekiah had destroyed; and ^(E)he erected altars for Baal and made an ^[b]Asherah, just as Ahab king of Israel had done, and he ^(F)worshiped all the heavenly ^[c]lights and served them. ⁴ And ^(G)he built altars in the house of the Lord, of which the Lord had said, “^(H)In Jerusalem I will put My name.” ⁵ He built altars for ^(I)all the heavenly ^[d]lights in ^(J)the two courtyards of the house of the Lord. ⁶ And ^(K)he made his son pass through the fire, ^(L)interpreted signs, practiced divination, and used mediums and spiritists. He did great evil in the sight of the Lord, provoking Him to anger. ⁷ Then ^(M)he put the carved image of Asherah that he had made in the house of which the Lord had said to David and to his son Solomon, “^(N)In this house and in Jerusalem, which I have chosen from all the tribes of Israel, I will put My name forever. ⁸ And I ^(O)will not make the feet of Israel wander anymore from the land which I gave their fathers, if only they will take care to act in accordance with everything that I have commanded them, and with all the Law that My servant Moses commanded them.” ⁹ But they did not listen, and Manasseh ^(P)encouraged them to do evil, more than the nations whom the Lord eliminated from the presence of the sons of Israel.

The King’s Idolatries Rebuked

¹⁰ Now the Lord spoke through His servants the prophets, saying, ¹¹ “^(Q)Since Manasseh king of Judah has committed these abominations, ^(R)having done more evil than all that the Amorites did who were before him, and ^(S)has also misled Judah into sin ^(T)with his idols, ¹² therefore this is what the Lord, the God of Israel says: ‘Behold, I am bringing such a disaster on Jerusalem and Judah that whoever hears about it, ^(U)both of his ears will ring. ^13 (V)I will stretch over Jerusalem the line of Samaria and the plummet of the house of Ahab, and I will wipe Jerusalem clean just as one wipes a bowl, wiping it and turning it upside down. ¹⁴ And I will abandon the remnant of My inheritance and hand them over to their enemies, and they will become as plunder and spoils to all their enemies, ¹⁵ because they have done evil in My sight, and have been provoking Me to anger since the day their fathers came from Egypt, even to this day.’”

^16 (W)Furthermore, Manasseh shed very much innocent blood until he had filled Jerusalem ^[e]from one end to another, besides his sin ^(X)into which he misled Judah, in doing evil in the sight of the Lord. ^17 (Y)Now the rest of the acts of Manasseh and all that he did, and his sin which he ^[f]committed, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Judah? ^18 (Z)And Manasseh ^[g]lay down with his fathers and was buried in the garden of his own house, ^(AA)in the garden of Uzza, and his son Amon became king in his place.

Amon Succeeds Manasseh

^19 (AB)Amon was twenty-two years old when he became king, and he reigned for two years in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Meshullemeth the daughter of Haruz of Jotbah. ²⁰ He did evil in the sight of the Lord, ^(AC)just as his father Manasseh had done. ²¹ For he walked ^[h]entirely in the way that his father had walked, and served the idols that his father had served, and worshiped them. ²² So ^(AD)he abandoned the Lord, the God of his fathers, and did not walk in the way of the Lord. ²³ And ^(AE)the servants of Amon conspired against him and killed the king in his own house. ²⁴ Then ^(AF)the people of the land ^[i]killed all those who had conspired against King Amon, and the people of the land made his son Josiah king in his place. ²⁵ Now the rest of the acts of Amon which he did, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Judah? ²⁶ He was buried in his grave ^(AG)in the garden of Uzza, and his son Josiah became king in his place.

Josiah Succeeds Amon

22 ^(AH)Josiah was eight years old when he became king, and he reigned for thirty-one years in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Jedidah the daughter of Adaiah of ^(AI)Bozkath. ² He did what was right in the sight of the Lord and walked ^[j]entirely in the way of his father David, and did not ^(AJ)turn aside to the right or to the left.

³ Now ^(AK)in the eighteenth year of King Josiah, the king sent Shaphan, the son of Azaliah the son of Meshullam the scribe, to the house of the Lord, saying, ⁴ “^(AL)Go up to Hilkiah the high priest, and have him ^[k]count all the money brought into the house of the Lord, which the doorkeepers have collected from the people. ^5 (AM)And have them hand it over to the workmen who have the oversight of the house of the Lord, and have them give it to the workmen who are in the house of the Lord to repair the ^[l]damage to the house: ⁶ to the carpenters, the builders, the masons, and for buying timber and cut stone to repair the house. ⁷ However, ^(AN)no accounting shall be made with them for the money handed over to them, because they deal honestly.”

The Lost Book

⁸ Then Hilkiah the high priest said to Shaphan the scribe, “^(AO)I have found the Book of the Law in the house of the Lord.” And Hilkiah gave the book to Shaphan, who read it. ⁹ Then Shaphan the scribe came to the king and brought back word to the king and said, “Your servants have emptied out the money that was found in the house, and have handed it over to the workmen who have the oversight of the house of the Lord.” ¹⁰ Moreover, Shaphan the scribe informed the king, saying, “Hilkiah the priest has given me a book.” And Shaphan read it in the presence of the king.

¹¹ When the king heard the words of the Book of the Law, ^(AP)he tore his clothes. ¹² Then the king commanded Hilkiah the priest, ^(AQ)Ahikam the son of Shaphan, ^[m](AR)Achbor the son of Micaiah, Shaphan the scribe, and Asaiah the king’s servant, saying, ¹³ “Go, inquire of the Lord for me and for the people and all Judah concerning the words of this book that has been found, for ^(AS)the wrath of the Lord that burns against us is great, because our fathers did not listen to the words of this book, to act in accordance with everything that is written regarding us.”

Huldah Predicts

¹⁴ So Hilkiah the priest, Ahikam, Achbor, Shaphan, and Asaiah went to Huldah the prophetess, the wife of Shallum the son of ^[n](AT)Tikvah, the son of Harhas, keeper of the wardrobe (and she lived in Jerusalem in the ^(AU)Second Quarter); and they spoke to her. ¹⁵ Then she said to them, “This is what the Lord, the God of Israel says: ‘Tell the man who sent you to Me, ¹⁶ “This is what the Lord says: ‘Behold, I am going to ^(AV)bring disaster on this place and on its inhabitants, all the words of the book which the king of Judah has read. ^17 (AW)Since they have abandoned Me and have burned incense to other gods so that they may provoke Me to anger with all the work of their hands, My wrath burns against this place, and it shall not be quenched.’” ¹⁸ But to ^(AX)the king of Judah who sent you to inquire of the Lord, this is what you shall say to him: “This is what the Lord, the God of Israel says: ‘Regarding the words which you have heard, ^19 (AY)since your heart was tender and ^(AZ)you humbled yourself before the Lord when you heard what I spoke against this place and against its inhabitants, that they would become ^(BA)an object of horror and a ^(BB)curse, and you have ^(BC)torn your clothes and wept before Me, I have indeed heard you,’ declares the Lord.” ²⁰ Therefore, behold, I am going to gather you to your fathers, and ^(BD)you will be gathered to your grave in peace, and your eyes will not look at all the devastation that I am going to bring on this place.’” So they brought back word to the king.

Josiah’s Covenant

23 ^(BE)Then the king sent messengers, and they gathered to him all the elders of Judah and Jerusalem. ² And the king went up to the house of the Lord and every man of Judah and all the inhabitants of Jerusalem with him, and the priests, the prophets, and all the people, from the small to the great; and ^(BF)he read in their ^[o]presence all the words of the Book of the Covenant ^(BG)which was found in the house of the Lord. ³ And ^(BH)the king stood by the pillar and made a covenant before the Lord, ^(BI)to walk after the Lord, and to keep His commandments, His provisions, and His statutes with all his heart and all his soul, to carry out the words of this covenant that were written in this book. And all the people ^[p]entered into the covenant.

Reforms under Josiah

⁴ Then the king commanded Hilkiah the high priest, ^(BJ)the priests of the second order, and the ^[q]doorkeepers ^(BK)to bring out of the temple of the Lord all the utensils that had been made for Baal, for ^[r]Asherah, and for all the heavenly ^[s]lights; and ^(BL)he burned them outside Jerusalem in the fields of the Kidron Valley, and carried their ashes to Bethel. ⁵ Then he did away with the idolatrous priests whom the kings of Judah had appointed to burn incense on the high places in the cities of Judah and in the surrounding area of Jerusalem, as well as those who burned incense to Baal, to the sun, to the moon, to the constellations, and to all the remaining ^(BM)heavenly ^[t]lights. ⁶ He also brought out the Asherah from the house of the Lord outside Jerusalem to the brook Kidron, and burned it at the brook Kidron, and ^(BN)ground it to dust, and ^(BO)threw its dust on the graves of the ^[u]common people. ⁷ And he tore down the cubicles of the ^(BP)male cult prostitutes which were in the house of the Lord, where ^(BQ)the women were weaving ^[v]hangings for the Asherah. ⁸ Then he brought all the priests from the cities of Judah, and defiled the high places where the priests had burned incense, from ^(BR)Geba to Beersheba; and he tore down the high places of the gates that were at the entrance of the gate of Joshua the governor of the city, which were on one’s left at the city gate. ⁹ Nevertheless ^(BS)the priests of the high places did not go up to the altar of the Lord in Jerusalem, but they ate unleavened bread among their brothers. ^10 (BT)He also defiled ^[w]Topheth, which is in the Valley of the Son of Hinnom, ^(BU)so that no one would make his son or his daughter pass through the fire for ^(BV)Molech. ¹¹ And he did away with the horses that the kings of Judah had given to the ^(BW)sun, at the entrance of the house of the Lord, by the chamber of Nathan-melech the official, which was at the ^[x]covered courtyard; and he burned the chariots of the sun with fire. ¹² The king also tore down ^(BX)the altars that were on the roof, the upper chamber of Ahaz, which the kings of Judah had made, and ^(BY)the altars which Manasseh had made in the two courtyards of the house of the Lord; and he ^[y]smashed them there and ^(BZ)threw their dust into the brook Kidron. ¹³ And the king defiled the high places that were opposite Jerusalem, which were on the right of ^(CA)the mount of destruction which Solomon the king of Israel had built for ^(CB)Ashtoreth the abomination of the Sidonians, for ^(CC)Chemosh the abomination of Moab, and for Milcom the abomination of the sons of Ammon. ^14 (CD)He also smashed to pieces the memorial stones and cut down the ^[z]Asherim, and ^(CE)filled their places with human bones.

¹⁵ Furthermore, ^(CF)the altar that was at Bethel and the ^(CG)high place which Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who misled Israel into sin, had made, even that altar and the high place he tore down. Then he ^(CH)burned the high place, ground the remains to dust, and burned the Asherah. ¹⁶ Now when Josiah turned, he saw the graves that were there on the mountain, and he sent men and took the bones from the graves, and burned them on the altar and defiled it ^(CI)in accordance with the word of the Lord which the man of God proclaimed, the one who proclaimed these things. ¹⁷ Then he said, “What is this gravestone there that I see?” And the men of the city told him, “^(CJ)It is the grave of the man of God who came from Judah and proclaimed these things which you have done against the altar of Bethel.” ¹⁸ And he said, “Leave him alone; no one is to disturb his bones.” So they left his bones undisturbed ^(CK)with the bones of the prophet who came from Samaria. ¹⁹ Then Josiah also removed all the houses of the high places which were ^(CL)in the cities of Samaria, which the kings of Israel had constructed, ^[aa]provoking the Lord to anger; and he did to them ^[ab]just as he had done in Bethel. ²⁰ And ^(CM)he slaughtered all the priests of the high places who were there on the altars, and burned human bones on them; then he returned to Jerusalem.

Passover Reinstituted

²¹ Then the king commanded all the people, saying, “^(CN)Celebrate the Passover to the Lord your God ^(CO)as it is written in this Book of the Covenant.” ^22 (CP)Truly such a Passover had not been celebrated since the days of the judges who judged Israel, nor in all the days of the kings of Israel and the kings of Judah. ²³ But in the eighteenth year of King Josiah, this Passover was celebrated to the Lord in Jerusalem.

²⁴ Moreover, Josiah removed ^(CQ)the mediums, the spiritists, the ^[ac](CR)household idols, ^(CS)the idols, and all the abominations that were seen in the land of Judah and in Jerusalem, ^(CT)so that he might ^[ad]fulfill the words of the Law which were written ^(CU)in the book that Hilkiah the priest found in the house of the Lord. ²⁵ Before him there was no king ^(CV)like him who turned to the Lord with all his heart, all his soul, and all his might, in conformity to all the Law of Moses; nor did any like him arise after him.

²⁶ Nevertheless, the Lord did not turn from the fierceness of His great wrath with which His anger burned against Judah, ^(CW)because of all the provocations with which Manasseh had provoked Him. ²⁷ And the Lord said, “I will also remove Judah from My sight, ^(CX)just as I have removed Israel. And ^(CY)I will reject this city which I have chosen, Jerusalem, and the ^[ae]temple of which I said, ‘My name shall be there!’”

Jehoahaz Succeeds Josiah

²⁸ Now the rest of the acts of Josiah and all that he did, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Judah? ^29 (CZ)In his days ^(DA)Pharaoh Neco king of Egypt went up to the king of Assyria at the river Euphrates. And King Josiah went to meet him, and when Pharaoh Neco saw him he killed him at ^(DB)Megiddo. ^30 (DC)His servants carried ^[af]his body in a chariot from Megiddo, and brought him to Jerusalem and buried him in his own tomb. ^(DD)Then the people of the land took Jehoahaz the son of Josiah and anointed him and made him king in place of his father.

^31 (DE)Jehoahaz was twenty-three years old when he became king, and he reigned for three months in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was ^(DF)Hamutal the daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah. ³² He did evil in the sight of the Lord, ^(DG)in accordance with all that his forefathers had done. ³³ And ^(DH)Pharaoh Neco imprisoned him at ^(DI)Riblah in the land of ^(DJ)Hamath, so that he would not reign in Jerusalem; and he imposed on the land a fine of ^[ag]a hundred talents of silver and ^[ah]a talent of gold.

Jehoiakim Made King by Pharaoh

³⁴ Then Pharaoh Neco made ^(DK)Eliakim the son of Josiah king in the place of his father Josiah, and he ^(DL)changed his name to Jehoiakim. But he took Jehoahaz and ^[ai](DM)brought him to Egypt, and he died there. ³⁵ So Jehoiakim ^(DN)gave the silver and gold to Pharaoh, but he assessed the land in order to give the money at the ^[aj]command of Pharaoh. He collected the silver and gold from the people of the land, each according to his assessment, to give to Pharaoh Neco.

^36 (DO)Jehoiakim was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned for eleven years in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Zebidah the daughter of Pedaiah of Rumah. ³⁷ He did evil in the sight of the Lord, ^(DP)in accordance with all that his forefathers had done.